Provided by: fireqos-doc_3.1.7+ds-5_all 
NAME
fireqos-params-match - optional match parameters
SYNOPSIS
at { root | name }
class name
syn|syns
ack|acks
{ proto|protocol protocol [,protocol...] } |tcp|udp|icmp|gre|ipv6
{ tos | priority } tosid [,tosid...]
{ DSCP } classname [,classname...]
mark mark [,mark...]
connmark mark [,mark...]
rawmark mark [,mark...]
custommark name mark [,mark...]
{ port | ports } port[:range] [ ,port[:range]... ]
{ sport | sports } port[:range] [ ,port[:range]... ]
{ dport | dports } port[:range] [ ,port[:range]... ]
{ ip | net | host } net [,net...]
src net [,net...]
dst net [,net...]
{ srcmac | smac } mac
{ dstmac | dmac } mac
prio id
input
output
custom `custom tc parameters'
estimator interval decay
police police
insidegre
DESCRIPTION
These options apply to match statements.
input, output
On bidirectional interfaces, input and output will check the current direction of the
interface. If the match is input but the interface is output the match will be reversed.
The same will happen if output is given at the match and the interface is input.
The parameters that are reversed are:
• src and dst
• sport and dport
• srcmac and dstmac
This allows a definition like this:
interface dsl0 world bidirectional ...
class surfing ...
match input sport 0:1023
The above will match sport 0:1023 at the input interface, and will automatically reverse
it to match dport 0:1023 at the output interface.
at
By default a match is attached to the parent of its parent class. For example, if its
parent is a class directly under the interface, then the match is attached to the
interface and is compared against all traffic of the interface. For nested classes, a
match of a leaf, is attached to the parent class and is compared against all traffic of
this parent class.
With the at parameter, a match can be attached any class. The name parameter should be a
class name. The name root attaches the match to the interface.
class
Defines the name of the class that will get the packets matched by this match.
By default it is the name of the class the match statement appears under.
Note
There is also a class definition for traffic, see fireqos-class(5).
syn, syns
Match TCP SYN packets. Note that the tcp parameter must be specified.
If the same match statement includes more protocols than TCP, then this match will work
for the TCP packets (it will be silently ignored for all other protocols).
For example, syn is ignored when generating the UDP filter in the below:
match tcp syn
match proto tcp,udp syn
ack, acks
Same as syn, but matching small TCP packets with the ACK bit set.
proto, protocol, tcp, udp, icmp, gre, ipv6
Match the protocol in the IP header.
tos, priority
Match to TOS field of ipv4 or the priority field of ipv6. The tosid can be a value/mask
in any format tc(8) accepts, or one of the following:
• min-delay, minimize-delay, minimum-delay, low-delay, interactive
• maximize-throughput, maximum-throughput, max-throughput, high-throughput, bulk
• maximize-reliability, maximum-reliability, max-reliability, reliable
• min-cost, minimize-cost, minimum-cost, low-cost, cheap, normal-service, normal
Note
There is also a class parameter called priority, see fireqos-params-class(5).
dscp
Match to DSCP value in IP TOS header field. The classname has to be one of the following
values:
• CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6, CS7
• AF11, AF12, AF13
• AF21, AF22, AF23
• AF31, AF32, AF33
• AF41, AF42, AF43
• EF
Note
tc-filter only supports ToS parameters. That is why a lookaside table is configured
within fireqos code to translate the DSCP value to their matching TOS value. See
RFC2474 for more information.
mark, connmark, custommark, rawmark
Match an iptables(8) MARK. This works the same way it works for FireHOL. FireHOL and
FireQOS share the same marks and their masks.
Matching iptables(8) MARKs do not work on input interfaces. You can use them only on
output. The IFB devices that are used for shaping inbound traffic do not have any
iptables hooks to allow matching MARKs. If you try it, FireQOS will attempt to do it, but
currently you will get an error from the tc(8) command executed or they will be silently
ignored by it.
On some Linux distributions (e.g. OpenWRT) there is a module called act_commark that will
enable this feature. Set this within your fireqos.conf to enable it:
FIREQOS_CONNMARK_RESTORE="act_connmark"
Also note that matching marks requires a suitably configured kernel (with
CONFIG_CLS_U32_MARK=y). There is no error if the kernel is not configured correctly; it
just silently drops the rules. For details see this error report
⟨https://github.com/firehol/firehol/issues/231⟩.
ports, sports, dports
Match ports of the IP header. ports will create rules for matching source and destination
ports (separate rules for each). dports matches destination ports, sports matches source
ports.
ip, net, host, src, dst
Match IPs of the IP header. ip, net and host will create rules for matching source and
destination IPs (separate rules for each). src matches source IPs and dst destination
IPs.
Note
If the class these matches appear in are IPv4, then only IPv4 IPs can be used. To
override use match6 ... src/dst *IPV6_IP*
Similarly, if the class is IPv6, then only IPv6 IPs can be used. To override use
match4 ... src/dst *IPV4_IP*.
You can mix IPv4 and IPv6 in any way you like. FireQOS supports inheritance, to figure
out for each statement which is the default. For example:
interface46 eth0 lan output rate 1Gbit # ipv4 and ipv6 enabled
class voip # ipv4 and ipv6 class, as interface is both
match udp port 53 # ipv4 and ipv6 rule, as class is both
match4 src 192.0.2.1 # ipv4 only rule
match6 src 2001:db8::1 # ipv6 only rule
class4 realtime # ipv4 only class
match src 198.51.100.1 # ipv4 only rule, as class is ipv4-only
class6 servers # ipv6 only class
match src 2001:db8::2 # ipv6 only rule, as class is ipv6-only
To convert an IPv4 interface to IPv6, just replace interface with interface6. All the
rules in that interface, will automatically inherit the new protocol. Of course, if you
use IP addresses for matching packets, make sure they are IPv6 IPs too.
prio (match)
Note
There is also a class parameter called prio, see fireqos-params-class(5).
All match statements are attached to the interface. They forward traffic to their class,
but they are actually executed for all packets that are leaving the interface (note: input
matches are actually output matches on an IFB device).
By default, the priority they are executed, is the priority they appear in the
configuration file, i.e. the first match of the first class is executed first, then the
rest matches of the first class in the sequence they appear, then the matches of the
second class, etc.
It is sometimes necessary to control the order of matches. For example, when you want
host 192.0.2.1 to be assigned the first class, except port tcp/1234 which should be
assigned the second class. The following will not work:
interface eth0 lan output rate 1Gbit
class high
match host 192.0.2.1
class low
match host 192.0.2.1 port 1234 # Will never match
In this case, the first match is assigned priority 10 and the second priority 20. The
second match will never match anything, since all traffic for the host is already matched
by the first one.
Setting an explicit priority allows you to change the order in which the matches are
executed. FireQOS gives priority 10 to the first match of every interface, 20 to the
second match, 30 to the third match, etc. So the default is 10 x the sequence number.
You can set prio to overwrite this number.
To force executing the second match before the first, just set a lower priority for it.
For example, this will cause the desired behaviour:
interface eth0 lan output rate 1Gbit
class high
match host 192.0.2.1
class low
match host 192.0.2.1 port 1234 prio 1 # Matches before host-only
insidegre
By specifying keyword insidegre a GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) packet can be
matched on the encapsulated IP packet header information.
insidegre is available for the following matches:
• src
• dst
• protocol
• port
• tos
• dscp
interface eth0 world ...
class surfing commit 128kbit ceil 1024kbit prio 7
match src 10.1.128.230 dst 8.8.8.8 insidegre
match protocol ospf insidegre
match port 25 insidegre
match tos 3 insidegre
match dscp ef insidegre
SEE ALSO
• fireqos(1) - FireQOS program
• fireqos.conf(5) - FireQOS configuration file
• fireqos-match(5) - QOS traffic match
• FireHOL Website ⟨http://firehol.org/⟩
• FireQOS Online PDF Manual ⟨http://firehol.org/fireqos-manual.pdf⟩
• FireQOS Online Documentation ⟨http://firehol.org/documentation/⟩
AUTHORS
FireHOL Team.