NAME

       makemap - create database maps for sendmail

SYNOPSIS

       makemap  [-C file] [-N] [-c cachesize] [-d] [-D commentchar] [-e] [-f] [-i type] [-l] [-o]
       [-r] [-s] [-t delim] [-u] [-v] maptype mapnam

DESCRIPTION

       Makemap creates the database maps used by the keyed map lookups in sendmail(8).  It  reads
       input from the standard input and outputs them to the indicated mapname.

       Depending  on  how  it  is  compiled, makemap handles different database formats, selected
       using the maptype parameter.  They may be

       dbm    DBM format maps.  This requires the ndbm(3) library.

       btree  B-Tree format maps.  This requires the new Berkeley DB library.

       hash   Hash format maps.  This also requires the Berkeley DB library.

       cdb    CDB (Constant DataBase) format maps.  This requires the tinycdb library.

       implicit
              The first available format in the following order: hash, dbm, and cdb.

       In all cases, makemap reads  lines  from  the  standard  input  consisting  of  two  words
       separated  by  white  space.  The first is the database key, the second is the value.  The
       value may contain ``%n'' strings to indicate  parameter  substitution.   Literal  percents
       should be doubled (``%%'').  Blank lines and lines beginning with ``#'' are ignored.

       Notice:  do  not  use makemap to create the aliases data base, but newaliases which puts a
       special token into the data base that is required by sendmail.

       If the TrustedUser option is set in the sendmail configuration file and makemap is invoked
       as root, the generated files will be owned by the specified TrustedUser.

   Flags
       -C     Use  the  specified  sendmail  configuration  file  for  looking up the TrustedUser
              option.

       -N     Include the null byte that terminates strings in the map.  This must match  the  -N
              flag in the sendmail.cf ``K'' line.

       -c     Use the specified hash and B-Tree cache size.

       -D     Use  to  specify  the  character  to  use  to indicate a comment (which is ignored)
              instead of the default of '#'.

       -d     Allow duplicate keys in the map.  This is only allowed on B-Tree format  maps.   If
              two identical keys are read, they will both be inserted into the map.

       -e     Allow empty value (right hand side).

       -f     Normally  all  upper  case  letters in the key are folded to lower case.  This flag
              disables that behaviour.  This is intended to mesh with the -f flag in the  K  line
              in sendmail.cf.  The value is never case folded.

       -i     Use the specified type as fallback if the given maptype is not available.

       -l     List supported map types.

       -o     Append  to  an  old file.  This allows you to augment an existing file.  Note: this
              might not be supported by all database types, e.g., cdb.

       -r     Allow replacement of existing keys.  Normally makemap complains  if  you  repeat  a
              key, and does not do the insert.

       -s     Ignore  safety  checks  on  maps being created.  This includes checking for hard or
              symbolic links in world writable directories.

       -t     Use the specified delimiter instead of white space (also for dumping a map).

       -u     dump (unmap) the content of the database to standard output.

       -v     Verbosely print what it is doing.

Example

       makemap hash /etc/mail/access < /etc/mail/access

SEE ALSO

       sendmail(8), newaliases(1)

HISTORY

       The makemap command appeared in 4.4BSD.

                                   $Date: 2013-11-22 20:51:52 $                        MAKEMAP(8)