Provided by: libmail-message-perl_3.019-1_all 
NAME
Mail::Message::Part - a part of a message, but a message by itself
INHERITANCE
Mail::Message::Part
is a Mail::Message
is a Mail::Reporter
SYNOPSIS
my Mail::Message $message = ...;
if($message->isMultipart) {
my Mail::Message::Part $part;
foreach $part ($message->body->parts) {
$part->print(\*OUT);
my $attached_head = $part->head;
my $attached_body = $part->body; # encoded as read
my $attached_body = $part->decoded; # transfer-encoding removed
}
}
DESCRIPTION
A "Mail::Message::Part" object contains a message which is included in the body of another message. For
instance attachments are parts.
READ Mail::Message FIRST. A part is a special message: it has a reference to its parent message, and
will usually not be sub-classed into mail folder specific variants.
Extends "DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Message.
METHODS
Extends "METHODS" in Mail::Message.
Constructors
Extends "Constructors" in Mail::Message.
$obj->clone(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructors" in Mail::Message
$class->new(%options)
Create a message part. Improves base, see "Constructors" in Mail::Reporter
-Option --Defined in --Default
body Mail::Message undef
body_type Mail::Message Mail::Message::Body::Lines
container <required>
deleted Mail::Message false
field_type Mail::Message undef
head Mail::Message <empty header>
head_type Mail::Message Mail::Message::Head::Complete
labels Mail::Message +{}
log Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS'
messageId Mail::Message undef
modified Mail::Message false
trace Mail::Reporter 'WARNINGS'
trusted Mail::Message false
body => $object
body_type => $class
container => BODY
Reference to the parental Mail::Message::Body object where this part is a member of. That object
may be a Mail::Message::Body::Multipart or a Mail::Message::Body::Nested.
deleted => BOOLEAN
field_type => $class
head => $object
head_type => $class
labels => ARRAY|HASH
log => LEVEL
messageId => $id
modified => BOOLEAN
trace => LEVEL
trusted => BOOLEAN
Attributes
Extends "Attributes" in Mail::Message.
$obj->logSettings()
Inherited, see "Attributes" in Mail::Reporter
Constructing a message
Extends "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message.
$obj->bounce( [<$rg_object|%options>] )
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Bounce
$class->build( [$message|$part|$body], @fields, %options )
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Build
$class->buildFromBody($body, $container, $headers)
Shape a message part around a $body. Bodies have information about their content in them, which is
used to construct a header for the message. Next to that, more $headers can be specified. No
headers are obligatory. No extra headers are fabricated automatically. Improves base, see
"Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Build
ยป example:
my $multi = Mail::Message::Body::Multipart->new;
my $part = Mail::Message::Part->buildFromBody($body, $multi);
$obj->forward(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardAttach(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardEncapsulate(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardInline(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardNo(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardPostlude()
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardPrelude()
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$obj->forwardSubject(STRING)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Forward
$class->read($fh|STRING|SCALAR|ARRAY, %options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Read
$obj->rebuild(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild
$obj->reply(%options)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Reply
$obj->replyPrelude( [STRING|$field|$address|ARRAY-$of-$things] )
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Reply
$any->replySubject(STRING)
Inherited, see "Constructing a message" in Mail::Message::Construct::Reply
The message
Extends "The message" in Mail::Message.
$obj->container()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->endsOnNewline()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->isDummy()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->isPart()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->messageId()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->partNumber()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->print( [$fh] )
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->printEscapedFrom($fh)
Prints the message part, but all lines which start with 'From ' will get a leading >. See
Mail::Message::Body::printEscapedFrom().
$obj->send( [$mailer], %options )
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->size()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->toplevel()
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
$obj->write( [$fh] )
Inherited, see "The message" in Mail::Message
The header
Extends "The header" in Mail::Message.
$obj->bcc()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->cc()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->date()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->destinations()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->from()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->get($fieldname)
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->guessTimestamp()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->head( [$head] )
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->nrLines()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->sender()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->study($fieldname)
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->subject()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->timestamp()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
$obj->to()
Inherited, see "The header" in Mail::Message
The body
Extends "The body" in Mail::Message.
$obj->body( [$body] )
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->contentType()
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->decoded(%options)
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->encode(%options)
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->isMultipart()
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->isNested()
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
$obj->parts( [<'ALL'|'ACTIVE'|'DELETED'|'RECURSE'|$filter>] )
Inherited, see "The body" in Mail::Message
Flags
Extends "Flags" in Mail::Message.
$obj->delete()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->deleted( [BOOLEAN] )
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->isDeleted()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->isModified()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->label($label|PAIRS)
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->labels()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->labelsToStatus()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->modified( [BOOLEAN] )
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
$obj->statusToLabels()
Inherited, see "Flags" in Mail::Message
The whole message as text
Extends "The whole message as text" in Mail::Message.
$obj->file()
Inherited, see "The whole message as text" in Mail::Message::Construct::Text
$obj->lines()
Inherited, see "The whole message as text" in Mail::Message::Construct::Text
$obj->printStructure( [$fh|undef],[$indent] )
Inherited, see "The whole message as text" in Mail::Message::Construct::Text
$obj->string()
Inherited, see "The whole message as text" in Mail::Message::Construct::Text
Internals
Extends "Internals" in Mail::Message.
$obj->clonedFrom()
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$class->coerce( <$body|$message>, $multipart, @headers )
Transforms a $body or $message to a real message part. The $multipart refers to the parental body.
When ta $body is specified, extra @headers can be supplied as well. Bodies are coerced into message
parts by calling buildFromBody(). If you specify a $message residing in a folder, this message will
automatically be cloned. Improves base, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->isDelayed()
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->readBody( $parser, $head, [$bodytype] )
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->readFromParser( $parser, [$bodytype] )
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->readHead( $parser, [$class] )
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->recursiveRebuildPart($part, %options)
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message::Construct::Rebuild
$obj->storeBody($body)
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
$obj->takeMessageId( [STRING] )
Inherited, see "Internals" in Mail::Message
Error handling
Extends "Error handling" in Mail::Message.
$obj->AUTOLOAD()
Inherited, see "METHODS" in Mail::Message::Construct
$obj->addReport($object)
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->defaultTrace( [$level]|[$loglevel, $tracelevel]|[$level, $callback] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->errors()
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->log( [$level, [$strings]] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->logPriority($level)
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->notImplemented()
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->report( [$level] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->reportAll( [$level] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$any->shortSize( [$value] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Message
$obj->shortString()
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Message
$obj->trace( [$level] )
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->warnings()
Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter
Cleanup
Extends "Cleanup" in Mail::Message.
$obj->DESTROY()
Inherited, see "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter
$obj->destruct()
Message parts can not be destructed per part: only whole messages can be forcefully freed from
memory. Of course, you can delete() separate parts, which only sets a flag not to write a part
again. Furthermore, you may cosider rebuild() to get rit of deleted parts. Improves base, see
"Cleanup" in Mail::Message
DETAILS
Extends "DETAILS" in Mail::Message.
DIAGNOSTICS
Error: Cannot include forward source as $include.
Unknown alternative for the forward(include). Valid choices are "NO", "INLINE", "ATTACH", and
"ENCAPSULATE". Cast by forward()
Error: Cannot include reply source as $include.
Unknown alternative for the "include" option of reply(). Valid choices are "NO", "INLINE", and
"ATTACH". Cast by reply()
Error: Method bounce requires To, Cc, or Bcc
The message bounce() method forwards a received message off to someone else without modification; you
must specified it's new destination. If you have the urge not to specify any destination, you
probably are looking for reply(). When you wish to modify the content, use forward(). Cast by
bounce()
Error: Method forwardAttach requires a preamble
Cast by forwardAttach()
Error: Method forwardEncapsulate requires a preamble
Cast by forwardEncapsulate()
Error: No address to create forwarded to.
If a forward message is created, a destination address must be specified. Cast by forward()
Error: No default mailer found to send message.
The message send() mechanism had not enough information to automatically find a mail transfer agent
to sent this message. Specify a mailer explicitly using the "via" options. Cast by send()
Error: No rebuild rule $name defined.
Cast by rebuild()
Error: Only build() Mail::Message's; they are not in a folder yet
You may wish to construct a message to be stored in a some kind of folder, but you need to do that in
two steps. First, create a normal Mail::Message, and then add it to the folder. During this
Mail::Box::addMessage() process, the message will get coerce()-d into the right message type, adding
storage information and the like. Cast by build()
Error: Package $package does not implement $method.
Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where
it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the
class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the
package. Cast by notImplemented()
Error: You cannot destruct message parts, only whole messages
Message parts can not be destructed per part: only whole messages can be forcefully freed from
memory. Consider delete() or rebuild(). Cast by destruct()
SEE ALSO
This module is part of Mail-Message version 3.019, built on November 24, 2025. Website:
http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/
LICENSE
For contributors see file ChangeLog.
This software is copyright (c) 2001-2025 by Mark Overmeer.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5
programming language system itself.
perl v5.40.1 2025-12-07 Mail::Message::Part(3pm)