Provided by: python3-libsass_0.23.0-0.1ubuntu2_amd64 
NAME
libsass - libsass Documentation
This package provides a simple Python extension module sass <#module-sass> which is binding LibSass
<https://github.com/sass/libsass> (written in C/C++ by Hampton Catlin and Aaron Leung). It's very
straightforward and there isn't any headache related to Python distribution/deployment. That means you
can add just libsass into your setup.py's install_requires list or requirements.txt file.
It currently supports CPython 3.7+ and PyPy 3!
FEATURES
• You don't need any Ruby/Node.js stack at all, for development or deployment either.
• Fast. (LibSass <https://github.com/sass/libsass> is written in C++.)
• Simple API. See example code for details.
• Custom functions.
• @import callbacks.
• Support both tabbed (Sass) and braces (SCSS) syntax.
• WSGI middleware for ease of development. It automatically compiles Sass/SCSS files for each request.
See also sassutils.wsgi <#module-sassutils.wsgi> for details.
• setuptools/distutils </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/distutils.html#module-distutils>
integration. You can build all Sass/SCSS files using setup.py build_sass command. See also
sassutils.distutils <#module-sassutils.distutils> for details.
• Works also on PyPy.
• Provides prebuilt wheel (PEP 427 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0427/>) binaries for Windows and Mac.
INSTALL
It's available on PyPI <https://pypi.org/pypi/libsass/>, so you can install it using pip:
$ pip install libsass
Note:
libsass requires some features introduced by the recent C++ standard. You need a C++ compiler that
support those features. See also libsass project's README <https://github.com/sass/libsass#readme>
file.
EXAMPLES
Compile a String of Sass to CSS
>>> import sass
>>> sass.compile(string='a { b { color: blue; } }')
'a b {\n color: blue; }\n'
Compile a Directory of Sass Files to CSS
>>> import sass
>>> import os
>>> os.mkdir('css')
>>> os.mkdir('sass')
>>> scss = """\
... $theme_color: #cc0000;
... body {
... background-color: $theme_color;
... }
... """
>>> with open('sass/example.scss', 'w') as example_scss:
... example_scss.write(scss)
...
>>> sass.compile(dirname=('sass', 'css'), output_style='compressed')
>>> with open('css/example.css') as example_css:
... print(example_css.read())
...
body{background-color:#c00}
USER'S GUIDE
Using with Flask
This guide explains how to use libsass with the Flask <http://flask.pocoo.org/> web framework. sassutils
<#module-sassutils> package provides several tools that can be integrated into web applications written
in Flask.
Contents
• Using with Flask
• Directory layout
• Defining manifest
• Building Sass/SCSS for each request
• Building Sass/SCSS for each deployment
Directory layout
Imagine the project contained in such directory layout:
• setup.py
• myapp/
• __init__.py
• static/
• sass/
• css/
• templates/
Sass/SCSS files will go inside myapp/static/sass/ directory. Compiled CSS files will go inside
myapp/static/css/ directory. CSS files can be regenerated, so add myapp/static/css/ into your ignore
list like .gitignore or .hgignore.
Defining manifest
The sassutils <#module-sassutils> defines a concept named manifest. Manifest is the build settings of
Sass/SCSS. It specifies some paths related to building Sass/SCSS:
• The path of the directory which contains Sass/SCSS source files.
• The path of the directory which the compiled CSS files will go.
• The path, exposed to HTTP (through WSGI), of the directory that will contain the compiled CSS files.
Every package may have its own manifest. Paths have to be relative to the path of the package.
For example, in the above project, the package name is myapp. The path of the package is myapp/. The
path of the Sass/SCSS directory is static/sass/ (relative to the package directory). The path of the CSS
directory is static/css/. The exposed path is /static/css.
These settings can be represented as the following manifests:
{
'myapp': ('static/sass', 'static/css', '/static/css')
}
As you can see the above, the set of manifests are represented in dictionary, in which the keys are
packages names and the values are tuples of paths.
Building Sass/SCSS for each request
See also:
Flask --- Hooking in WSGI Middlewares <http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/quickstart/#
hooking-in-wsgi-middlewares>
The section which explains how to integrate WSGI middlewares to Flask.
Flask --- flask:app-dispatch
The documentation which explains how Flask dispatches each request internally.
In development, manually building Sass/SCSS files for each change is a tedious task. SassMiddleware <#
sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> makes the web application build Sass/SCSS files for each request
automatically. It's a WSGI middleware, so it can be plugged into the web app written in Flask.
SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> takes two required parameters:
• The WSGI-compliant callable object.
• The set of manifests represented as a dictionary.
So:
from flask import Flask
from sassutils.wsgi import SassMiddleware
app = Flask(__name__)
app.wsgi_app = SassMiddleware(app.wsgi_app, {
'myapp': ('static/sass', 'static/css', '/static/css')
})
And then, if you want to link a compiled CSS file, use the url_for() </usr/share/doc/python-flask-doc/
html/api.html#flask.url_for> function:
<link href="{{ url_for('static', filename='css/style.scss.css') }}"
rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
Note:
The linked filename is style.scss.css, not just style.scss. All compiled filenames have trailing .css
suffix.
Building Sass/SCSS for each deployment
Note:
This section assumes that you use setuptools <https://pypi.org/pypi/setuptools/> for deployment.
See also:
Flask --- flask:distribute-deployment
How to deploy Flask application using setuptools <https://pypi.org/pypi/setuptools/>.
If libsass is installed in the site-packages (for example, your virtualenv), the setup.py script also
gets a new command provided by libsass: build_sass <#sassutils.distutils.build_sass>. The command is
aware of the sass_manifests option of setup.py and builds all Sass/SCSS sources according to the
manifests.
Add these arguments to setup.py script:
setup(
# ...,
setup_requires=['libsass >= 0.6.0'],
sass_manifests={
'myapp': ('static/sass', 'static/css', '/static/css')
}
)
The setup_requires option makes sure that libsass is installed in site-packages (for example, your
virtualenv) before the setup.py script. That means if you run the setup.py script and libsass isn't
installed in advance, it will automatically install libsass first.
The sass_manifests specifies the manifests for libsass.
Now setup.py build_sass will compile all Sass/SCSS files in the specified path and generates compiled CSS
files inside the specified path (according to the manifests).
If you use it with sdist or bdist commands, the packed archive will also contain the compiled CSS files!
$ python setup.py build_sass sdist
You can add aliases to make these commands always run the build_sass command first. Make setup.cfg
config:
[aliases]
sdist = build_sass sdist
bdist = build_sass bdist
Now it automatically builds Sass/SCSS sources and include the compiled CSS files to the package archive
when you run setup.py sdist.
Changelog
Version 0.23.0
Released on January 6, 2024.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.6 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.6 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.6>. [452 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/452> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.22.0
Released on November 12, 2022.
• Remove python 2.x support [373 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/373> by anthony sottile].
• Remove deprecated sassc cli [379 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/379> by anthony
sottile].
Version 0.21.0
Released on May 20, 2021.
• Fix build on OpenBSD. [310 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/310> by Denis Fondras].
• Produce abi3 wheels on windows. [322 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/322> by Anthony
Sottile]
• Make the manpage build reproducible. [319 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/319> by Chris
Lamb]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.5 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.5 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.5>. [344 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/344> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.20.1
Released on August 27, 2020.
• (no changes, re-releasing to test build automation)
Version 0.20.0
Released on May 1, 2020.
• Produce abi3 wheels on macos / linux [307 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/307> by
Anthony Sottile]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.4 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.4 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.4>. [313 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/313> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.19.4
Released on November 3, 2019.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.3 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.3 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.3>. [304 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/304> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.19.3
Released on October 5, 2019.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.2 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.2 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.2>. [302 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/302> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.19.2
Released on June 16, 2019.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.1 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.1 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.1>. [298 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/298> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.19.1
Released on May 18, 2019.
• Re-release of 0.19.0 with windows python2.7 wheels [297 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/
297> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.19.0
Released on May 18, 2019.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.6.0 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.6.0 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.6.0>. [295 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/295> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.18.0
Release on March 13, 2019
• Add support for previous import path to importer callbacks [287 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/287> 291 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/291> by Frankie Dintino]
Version 0.17.0
Release on January 03, 2019
•
Add several new cli options [279 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/279> 268 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/268> by Frankie Dintino]
• --sourcemap-file: output file for source map
• --sourcemap-contents: embed sourcesContent in source map
• --sourcemap-embed: embed sourceMappingURL as data uri
• --omit-sourcemap-url: omit source map url comment from output
• --sourcemap-root: base path, emitted as sourceRoot in source map
• Fix .sass in WsgiMiddleware (again) [280 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/280> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.16.1
Released on November 25, 2018.
• Fix compilation on macos mojave [276 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/276> 277 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/277> by Anthony Sottile]
• Fix .sass in WsgiMiddleware for strip_extension=True [278 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/278> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.16.0
Released on November 13, 2018.
• Use -lc++ link flag when compiling with clang [270 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/270>
by Christian Thieme 271 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/271> by Anthony Sottile]
• Honor strip_extension in SassMiddleware [274 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/274> by
Anthony Sottile]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.5 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.5 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.5>. [275 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/275> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.15.1
Released on September 24, 2018.
• Fix setup.py sdist (regressed in 0.15.0) [267 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/267> by
Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.15.0
Released on September 16, 2018.
• Fix invalid escape sequences [249 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/249> by Anthony
Sottile]
• Add code of conduct [251 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/251> by Nick Schonning]
• Add support for python3.7 and remove testing for python3.4 [254 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/254> by Anthony Sottile]
• Add strip_extension option for wsgi / distutils builder [55 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/55> 258 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/258> by Anthony Sottile 260 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/260> by Morten Brekkevold]
• Deprecate sassc (replaced by pysassc). [262 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/262> by
Anthony Sottile]
• Import abc classes from collections.abc to remove DeprecationWarning [264 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/264> by Gary van der Merwe 265 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/
265> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.14.5
Released on April 25, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.4 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.4 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.4>. [247 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/247> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.14.4
Released on April 24, 2018.
• Add ability to specify imports for custom extensions. This provides a way to enable imports of .css
files (which was removed in 3.5.3). Specify --import-extensions .css to restore the previous behavior.
[246 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/246> by Samuel Colvin]
Version 0.14.3
Released on April 23, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.3 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.3 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.3>. [244 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/244> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.14.2
Released on March 16, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.2 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.2 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.2>. [243 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/243> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.14.1
Released on March 12, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.1 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.1 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.1>. [242 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/242> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.14.0
Released on March 6, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.5.0 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.5.0 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.5.0>. [241 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/241> by Anthony
Sottile]
• SassList type gained an additional option bracketed=False to match the upstream changes to the
sass_list type. [184 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/184> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.13.7
Released on February 5, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.9 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.9 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.9>. [232 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/232> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.6
Released on January 19, 2018.
• libsass-python has moved to the sass organization!
Version 0.13.5
Released on January 11, 2018.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.8 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.8 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.8>. [228 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/228> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.4
Released on November 14, 2017.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.7 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.7 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.7>. [226 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/226> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.3
Released on October 11, 2017.
• Sort input files for determinism [212 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/212> by Bernhard
M. Wiedemann]
• Include LICENSE file in distributions [216 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/216> by
Dougal J. Sutherland]
• Add a pysassc entry to replace sassc [218 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/218> by
Anthony Sottile]
• Enable building with dynamic linking [219 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/219> by Marcel
Plch]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.6 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.6 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.6>. [221 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/221> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.2
Released on June 14, 2017.
• Always add cwd to import paths [208 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/208> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.1
Released on June 8, 2017.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.5 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.5 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.5>. [207 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/207> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.13.0
Released on June 7, 2017.
• Use getfullargspec when available in python 3. [188 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/188>
by Thom Wiggers]
• Use sass_copy_c_string instead of strdup for portability [196 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/196> by Anthony Sottile]
• Use -std=gnu++0x to fix installation under cygwin [195 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/
195> 197 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/197> by Anthony Sottile]
• Correct source map url [201 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/201> 202 <https://github
.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/202> by Anthony Sottile]
• Remove --watch [203 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/203> by Anthony Sottile]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.4 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.4 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.4>. [205 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/205> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.12.3
Released on January 7, 2017.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.3 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.3 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.3>. [178 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/178> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.12.2
Released on January 5, 2017.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.2 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.2 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.2>. [176 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/176> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.12.1
Released on December 20, 2016.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.1 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.1 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.1>. [175 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/175> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.12.0
Released on December 10, 2016.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.4.0 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.4.0 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.4.0>. [173 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/173> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.11.2
Released on October 24, 2016.
• Drop support for python2.6 [158 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/158> by Anthony Sottile]
• Deprecate --watch [156 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/156> by Anthony Sottile]
• Preserve line endings [160 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/160> by Anthony Sottile]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.6 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.6 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.6>. [167 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/167> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.11.1
Released on April 22, 2016.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.5 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.5 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.5>. [148 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/148> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.11.0
Released on March 23, 2016.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.4 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.4 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.4>. [144 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/144> by Anthony
Sottile]
• Expose libsass version in sassc --version and sass.libsass_version [142 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/142> 141 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/141> 140 <https://github
.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/140> by Anthony Sottile]
• Fix warning about unused enum on switch [127 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/127> 131
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/131> by Anthony Sottile]
• Sourcemaps no longer imply source comments [124 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/124> 130
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/130> by Tim Tisdall]
• Add --source-comments option to sassc [124 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/124> 130
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/130> by Anthony Sottile]
• Improve formatting of CompileError under python3 [123 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/
123> by Anthony Sottile]
• Raise when compiling a directory which does not exist [116 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/116> 119 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/119> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.10.1
Released on January 29, 2016.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.3 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.3 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.3>. [by Anthony Sottile]
• Allow -t for style like sassc [98 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/98> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.10.0
Released on December 15, 2015.
• Support custom import callbacks [81 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/81> by Alice Zoë
Bevan–McGregor, Anthony Sottile]
• Disallow arbitrary kwargs in compile() [109 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/109> by
Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.9.3
Released on December 03, 2015.
• Support "indented" Sass compilation [41 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/41> by Alice Zoë
Bevan–McGregor]
• Fix wheels on windows [28 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/28> 49 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass-python/issues/49> by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.9.2
Released on November 12, 2015.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.2 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.2 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.2>. [by Anthony Sottile]
• Require VS 2015 to build on windows [99 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/99> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.9.1
Released on October 29, 2015.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.1 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.1 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.1>. [by Anthony Sottile]
Version 0.9.0
Released on October 28, 2015.
• Fix a bug with writing UTF-8 to a file [72 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/72> by Caleb
Ely]
• Fix a segmentation fault on ^C [87 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/87> by Anthony
Sottile]
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.3.0 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.3.0 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.3.0>. [96 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/96> by Anthony
Sottile]
Version 0.8.3
Released on August 2, 2015.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.2.5 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.2.5 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.5>. [79 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/79>, 80 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/80> by Anthony Sottile]
• Fixed a bug that *.sass files were ignored. [78 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/78> by
Guilhem MAS-PAITRAULT]
Version 0.8.2
Released on May 19, 2015.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.2.4 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.2.3 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.3>, and 3.2.4 <https://github.com/sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.4>. [69
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/69> by Anthony Sottile]
• The default value of SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware>'s error_status parameter was
changed from '500 Internal Server Error' to '200 OK' so that Mozilla Firefox can render the error
message well. [67 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/67>, 68 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/68>, 70 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/70> by zxv]
Version 0.8.1
Released on May 14, 2015.
• Fixed a bug that there was no 'expanded' in sass.OUTPUT_STYLES <#sass.OUTPUT_STYLES> but 'expected'
instead which is a typo. [66 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/66> by Triangle717]
• Fixed broken FreeBSD build. [65 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/65> by Toshiharu
Moriyama]
Version 0.8.0
Released on May 3, 2015.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.2.2 --- See the release notes of LibSass 3.2.0 <https://github.com/
sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.0>, 3.2.1 <https://github.com/sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.1>, and 3.2.2
<https://github.com/sass/libsass/releases/tag/3.2.2>. [61 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/61>, 52 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/52>, 56 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/56>, 58 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/58>, 62 <https://github
.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/62>, 64 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/64> by Anthony
Sottile]
• Compact and expanded output styles [37 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/37>]
• Strings and interpolation closer to Ruby Sass
• The correctness of the generated sourcemap files
• Directive buddling
• Full support for the @at-root directive
• Full support for !global variable scoping
• Now underscored files are ignored when compiling a directory. [57 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/57> by Anthony Sottile]
• Fixed broken FreeBSD build. [34 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/34>, 60 <https://github
.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/60> by Ilya Baryshev]
• SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> became to log syntax errors if exist during compilation
to sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware logger with level ERROR. [42 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/42>]
Version 0.7.0
Released on March 6, 2015.
Anthony Sottile contributed to the most of this release. Huge thanks to him!
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.1.0 --- See the release note <https://github.com/sass/libsass/
releases/tag/3.1.0> of LibSass. [38 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/38>, 43 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/43> by Anthony Sottile]
• Custom functions and imports
• Decrementing in @for loops
• @debug and @error
• not operator
• nth() for maps
• inspect()
• feature-exists()
• unique-id()
• random()
• Added custom functions support. [13 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/13>, 44 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/44> by Anthony Sottile]
• Added sass.SassFunction <#sass.SassFunction> class.
• Added custom_functions parameter to sass.compile() <#sass.compile> function.
• Added data types for custom functions:
• sass.SassNumber <#sass.SassNumber>
• sass.SassColor <#sass.SassColor>
• sass.SassList <#sass.SassList>
• sass.SassMap <#sass.SassMap>
• sass.SassError <#sass.SassError>
• sass.SassWarning <#sass.SassWarning>
• Added precision parameter to sass.compile() <#sass.compile> function. [39 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/39> by Andrea Stagi]
• sassc has a new -p/--precision option. [39 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/39> by
Andrea Stagi]
Version 0.6.2
Released on November 25, 2014.
Although 0.6.0--0.6.1 have needed GCC (G++) 4.8+, LLVM Clang 3.3+, now it became back to only need GCC
(G++) 4.6+, LLVM Clang 2.9+, or Visual Studio 2013 Update 4+.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.0.2 --- See the release note <https://github.com/sass/libsass/
releases/tag/3.0.2> of libsass. [33 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/33> by Rodolphe
Pelloux-Prayer]
• Fixed a bug that sassc --watch crashed when a file is not compilable on the first try. [32 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/32> by Alan Justino da Silva]
• Fixed broken build on Windows.
Version 0.6.1
Released on November 6, 2014.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.0.1 --- See the release note <https://github.com/sass/libsass/
releases/tag/3.0.1> of LibSass.
• Fixed a bug that SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> never closes the socket on some WSGI
servers e.g. eventlet.wsgi.
Version 0.6.0
Released on October 27, 2014.
Note that since libsass-python 0.6.0 (and libsass 3.0) it requires C++11 to compile. Although 0.6.2
became back to only need GCC (G++) 4.6+, LLVM Clang 2.9+, from 0.6.0 to 0.6.1 you need GCC (G++) 4.8+,
LLVM Clang 3.3+, or Visual Studio 2013 Update 4+.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 3.0 --- See the release note <https://github.com/sass/libsass/releases/
tag/3.0> of LibSass.
• Decent extends support
• Basic Sass Maps Support
• Better UTF-8 Support
• call() function
• Better Windows Support
• Spec Enhancements
• Added missing partial import <https://sass-lang.com/documentation/file.SASS_REFERENCE.html#partials>
support. [27 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/27> by item4]
• SOURCE_COMMENTS <#sass.SOURCE_COMMENTS> became deprecated.
• sass.compile() <#sass.compile>'s parameter source_comments now can take only bool instead of str.
String values like 'none', 'line_numbers', and 'map' become deprecated, and will be obsolete soon.
• build_directory() <#sassutils.builder.build_directory> function has a new optional parameter
output_style.
• build() method has a new optional parameter output_style.
• Added --output-style/-s option to build_sass <#sassutils.distutils.build_sass> command. [25 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/25>]
Version 0.5.1
Released on September 23, 2014.
• Fixed a bug that SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> yielded str </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str> instead of bytes </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/
stdtypes.html#bytes> on Python 3.
• Fixed several Unicode-related bugs on Windows.
• Fixed a bug that build_directory() <#sassutils.builder.build_directory>, SassMiddleware <#sassutils
.wsgi.SassMiddleware>, and build_sass <#sassutils.distutils.build_sass> don't recursively build
subdirectories.
Version 0.5.0
Released on June 6, 2014.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: 2.0 --- See the release note <https://github.com/sass/libsass/releases/
tag/v2.0> of LibSass.
• Added indented syntax support (*.sass files).
• Added expanded selector support (BEM).
• Added string functions.
• Fixed UTF-8 support.
• Backward incompatibility: broken extends.
Unstable version 0.4.2.20140529.cd3ee1cbe3
Released on May 29, 2014.
• Version scheme changed to use periods (.) instead of hyphens (-) due to setuptools seems to treat
hyphens special.
• Fixed malformed packaging that doesn't correctly preserve the package name and version.
Unstable Version 0.4.2-20140528-cd3ee1cbe3
Released on May 28, 2014.
• Follow up the libsass upstream: cd3ee1cbe34d5316eb762a43127a3de9575454ee <https://github.com/sass/
libsass/commit/cd3ee1cbe34d5316eb762a43127a3de9575454ee>.
Version 0.4.2
Released on May 22, 2014.
• Fixed build failing on Mac OS X 10.8 or earlier. [19 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/
issues/19>]
• Fixed UnicodeEncodeError </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/exceptions.html#UnicodeEncodeError>
that Manifest.build_one() <#sassutils.builder.Manifest.build_one> method rises when the input source
contains any non-ASCII Unicode characters.
Version 0.4.1
Released on May 20, 2014.
• Fixed UnicodeEncodeError </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/exceptions.html#UnicodeEncodeError>
that rise when the input source contains any non-ASCII Unicode characters.
Version 0.4.0
Released on May 6, 2014.
• sassc has a new -w/--watch option.
• Expose source maps support:
• sassc has a new -m/-g/--sourcemap option.
• SassMiddleware <#sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware> now also creates source map files with filenames
followed by .map suffix.
• Manifest.build_one() <#sassutils.builder.Manifest.build_one> method has a new source_map option.
This option builds also a source map file with the filename followed by .map suffix.
• sass.compile() <#sass.compile> has a new optional parameter source_comments. It can be one of
sass.SOURCE_COMMENTS <#sass.SOURCE_COMMENTS> keys. It also has a new parameter source_map_filename
which is required only when source_comments='map'.
• Fixed Python 3 incompatibility of sassc program.
• Fixed a bug that multiple include_paths doesn't work on Windows.
Version 0.3.0
Released on February 21, 2014.
• Added support for Python 3.3. [7 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/7>]
• Dropped support for Python 2.5.
• Fixed build failing on Mac OS X. [4 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/4>, 5 <https://
github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/5>, 6 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/6> by
Hyungoo Kang]
• Now the builder creates target subdirectories recursively even if they don't exist yet, rather than
silently failing. [8 <https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/issues/8>, 9 <https://github.com/sass/
libsass-python/issues/9> by Philipp Volguine]
• Merged recent changes from libsass 1.0.1: 57a2f62--v1.0.1 <https://github.com/sass/libsass/compare/
57a2f627b4d2fbd3cf1913b241f1d5aa31e35580...v1.0.1>.
• Supports variable arguments <https://sass-lang.com/docs/yardoc/file.SASS_CHANGELOG.html#
variable_arguments>.
• Supports sourcemaps.
Version 0.2.4
Released on December 4, 2012.
• Added sassc CLI executable script.
• Added sass.OUTPUT_STYLES <#sass.OUTPUT_STYLES> constant map.
• Merged recent changes from libsass upstream: e997102--a84b181 <https://github.com/sass/libsass/compare/
e9971023785dabd41aa44f431f603f62b15e6017...a84b181a6e59463c0ac9796ca7fdaf4864f0ad84>.
Version 0.2.3
Released on October 24, 2012.
• sassutils.distutils <#module-sassutils.distutils>: Prevent double monkey patch of sdist.
• Merged upstream changes of libsass.
Version 0.2.2
Released on September 28, 2012.
• Fixed a link error on PyPy and Linux.
• Fixed build errors on Windows.
Version 0.2.1
Released on September 12, 2012.
• Support Windows.
Version 0.2.0
Released on August 24, 2012.
• Added new sassutils <#module-sassutils> package.
• Added sassutils.builder <#module-sassutils.builder> module to build the whole directory at a time.
• Added sassutils.distutils <#module-sassutils.distutils> module for distutils </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/distutils.html#module-distutils> and setuptools integration.
• Added sassutils.wsgi <#module-sassutils.wsgi> module which provides a development-purpose WSGI
middleware.
• Added build_sass <#sassutils.distutils.build_sass> command for distutils </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/
html/library/distutils.html#module-distutils>/setuptools.
Version 0.1.1
Released on August 18, 2012.
• Fixed segmentation fault for reading filename which does not exist. Now it raises a proper
exceptions.IOError exception.
Version 0.1.0
Released on August 17, 2012. Initial version.
REFERENCES
pysassc --- SassC compliant command line interface
This provides SassC <https://github.com/sass/sassc> compliant CLI executable named pysassc:
$ pysassc
Usage: pysassc [options] SCSS_FILE [CSS_FILE]
There are options as well:
-t <style>, --style <style>
Coding style of the compiled result. The same as sass.compile() <#sass.compile> function's
output_style keyword argument. Default is nested.
-s <style>, --output-style <style>
Alias for -t / --style.
Deprecated since version 0.11.0.
-I <dir>, --include-path <dir>
Optional directory path to find @imported (S)CSS files. Can be multiply used.
-m, -g, --sourcemap
Emit source map. Requires the second argument (output CSS filename). The filename of source map
will be the output CSS filename followed by .map.
Added in version 0.4.0.
-p, --precision
Set the precision for numbers. Default is 5.
Added in version 0.7.0.
--source-comments
Include debug info in output.
Added in version 0.11.0.
--sourcemap-file
Output file for source map
Added in version 0.17.0.
--sourcemap-contents
Embed sourcesContent in source map.
Added in version 0.17.0.
--sourcemap-embed
Embed sourceMappingUrl as data URI
Added in version 0.17.0.
--omit-sourcemap-url
Omit source map URL comment from output
Added in version 0.17.0.
--sourcemap-root
Base path, will be emitted to sourceRoot in source-map as is
Added in version 0.17.0.
-v, --version
Prints the program version.
-h, --help
Prints the help message.
sass --- Binding of libsass
This simple C extension module provides a very simple binding of libsass, which is written in C/C++. It
contains only one function and one exception type.
>>> import sass
>>> sass.compile(string='a { b { color: blue; } }')
'a b {
color: blue; }
'
exception sass.CompileError(msg)
The exception type that is raised by compile(). It is a subtype of exceptions.ValueError.
sass.MODES = frozenset({'dirname', 'filename', 'string'})
(frozenset </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#frozenset>) The set of keywords
compile() can take.
sass.OUTPUT_STYLES = {'compact': 2, 'compressed': 3, 'expanded': 1, 'nested': 0}
(collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#collections
.abc.Mapping>) The dictionary of output styles. Keys are output name strings, and values are flag
integers.
sass.SOURCE_COMMENTS = {'default': 1, 'line_numbers': 1, 'map': 2, 'none': 0}
(collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#collections
.abc.Mapping>) The dictionary of source comments styles. Keys are mode names, and values are
corresponding flag integers.
Added in version 0.4.0.
Deprecated since version 0.6.0.
class sass.SassColor(r, g, b, a)
class sass.SassError(msg)
class sass.SassFunction(name, arguments, callable_)
Custom function for Sass. It can be instantiated using from_lambda() and from_named_function() as
well.
Parameters
• name (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- the function
name
• arguments (collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence>) -- the argument names
• callable (collections.abc.Callable </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Callable>) -- the actual function to be called
Added in version 0.7.0.
classmethod from_lambda(name, lambda_)
Make a SassFunction object from the given lambda_ function. Since lambda functions don't
have their name, it need its name as well. Arguments are automatically inspected.
Parameters
• name (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- the
function name
• lambda (types.LambdaType) -- the actual lambda function to be called
Returns
a custom function wrapper of the lambda_ function
Return type
SassFunction
classmethod from_named_function(function)
Make a SassFunction object from the named function. Function name and arguments are
automatically inspected.
Parameters
function (types.FunctionType) -- the named function to be called
Returns
a custom function wrapper of the function
Return type
SassFunction
property signature
Signature string of the function.
class sass.SassList(items, separator, bracketed=False)
class sass.SassMap(*args, **kwargs)
Because sass maps can have mapping types as keys, we need an immutable hashable mapping type.
Added in version 0.7.0.
class sass.SassNumber(value, unit)
class sass.SassWarning(msg)
sass.and_join(strings)
Join the given strings by commas with last ' and ' conjunction.
>>> and_join(['Korea', 'Japan', 'China', 'Taiwan'])
'Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan'
Parameters
strings -- a list of words to join
Returns
a joined string
Return type
str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring
sass.compile(**kwargs)
There are three modes of parameters compile() can take: string, filename, and dirname.
The string parameter is the most basic way to compile Sass. It simply takes a string of Sass
code, and then returns a compiled CSS string.
Parameters
• string (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- Sass source
code to compile. it's exclusive to filename and dirname parameters
• output_style (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- an
optional coding style of the compiled result. choose one of: 'nested' (default),
'expanded', 'compact', 'compressed'
• source_comments (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
whether to add comments about source lines. False by default
• source_map_contents (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- embed include contents in map
• source_map_embed (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
embed sourceMappingUrl as data URI
• omit_source_map_url (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- omit source map URL comment from output
• source_map_root (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- base
path, will be emitted in source map as is
• include_paths (collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/
collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence>) -- an optional list of paths to find
@imported Sass/CSS source files
• precision (int </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#int>) -- optional
precision for numbers. 5 by default.
• custom_functions (set </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#set>,
collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#
collections.abc.Sequence>, collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/
library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping>) -- optional mapping of custom
functions. see also below custom functions description
• custom_import_extensions -- (ignored, for backward compatibility)
• indented (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) -- optional
declaration that the string is Sass, not SCSS formatted. False by default
• importers (collections.abc.Callable </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Callable>) -- optional callback functions. see also below
importer callbacks description
Returns
the compiled CSS string
Return type
str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>
Raises sass.CompileError <#sass.CompileError> -- when it fails for any reason (for example the
given Sass has broken syntax)
The filename is the most commonly used way. It takes a string of Sass filename, and then returns
a compiled CSS string.
Parameters
• filename (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- the
filename of Sass source code to compile. it's exclusive to string and dirname parameters
• output_style (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- an
optional coding style of the compiled result. choose one of: 'nested' (default),
'expanded', 'compact', 'compressed'
• source_comments (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
whether to add comments about source lines. False by default
• source_map_filename (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) --
use source maps and indicate the source map output filename. None means not using source
maps. None by default.
• source_map_contents (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- embed include contents in map
• source_map_embed (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
embed sourceMappingUrl as data URI
• omit_source_map_url (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- omit source map URL comment from output
• source_map_root (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- base
path, will be emitted in source map as is
• include_paths (collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/
collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence>) -- an optional list of paths to find
@imported Sass/CSS source files
• precision (int </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#int>) -- optional
precision for numbers. 5 by default.
• custom_functions (set </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#set>,
collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#
collections.abc.Sequence>, collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/
library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping>) --
optional mapping of custom functions. see also below custom functions description
• custom_import_extensions -- (ignored, for backward compatibility)
• importers (collections.abc.Callable </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Callable>) --
optional callback functions. see also below importer callbacks description
Returns
the compiled CSS string, or a pair of the compiled CSS string and the source map string if
source_map_filename is set
Return type
str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, tuple </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#tuple>
Raises
• sass.CompileError <#sass.CompileError> -- when it fails for any reason (for example the
given Sass has broken syntax)
• exceptions.IOError -- when the filename doesn't exist or cannot be read
The dirname is useful for automation. It takes a pair of paths. The first of the dirname pair
refers the source directory, contains several Sass source files to compiled. Sass source files
can be nested in directories. The second of the pair refers the output directory that compiled
CSS files would be saved. Directory tree structure of the source directory will be maintained in
the output directory as well. If dirname parameter is used the function returns None.
Parameters
• dirname (tuple </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#tuple>) -- a pair
of (source_dir, output_dir). it's exclusive to string and filename parameters
• output_style (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- an
optional coding style of the compiled result. choose one of: 'nested' (default),
'expanded', 'compact', 'compressed'
• source_comments (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
whether to add comments about source lines. False by default
• source_map_contents (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- embed include contents in map
• source_map_embed (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
embed sourceMappingUrl as data URI
• omit_source_map_url (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>)
-- omit source map URL comment from output
• source_map_root (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- base
path, will be emitted in source map as is
• include_paths (collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/
collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence>) -- an optional list of paths to find
@imported Sass/CSS source files
• precision (int </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#int>) -- optional
precision for numbers. 5 by default.
• custom_functions (set </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#set>,
collections.abc.Sequence </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#
collections.abc.Sequence>, collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/
library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping>) --
optional mapping of custom functions. see also below custom functions description
• custom_import_extensions -- (ignored, for backward compatibility)
Raises sass.CompileError <#sass.CompileError> -- when it fails for any reason (for example the
given Sass has broken syntax)
The custom_functions parameter can take three types of forms:
set </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#set>/Sequence </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence> of SassFunctions
It is the most general form. Although pretty verbose, it can take any kind of callables like
type objects, unnamed functions, and user-defined callables.
sass.compile(
...,
custom_functions={
sass.SassFunction('func-name', ('$a', '$b'), some_callable),
...
}
)
Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping> of
names to functions
Less general, but easier-to-use form. Although it's not it can take any kind of callables,
it can take any kind of functions defined using def </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/
reference/compound_stmts.html#def>/lambda </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/reference/
expressions.html#lambda> syntax. It cannot take callables other than them since inspecting
arguments is not always available for every kind of callables.
sass.compile(
...,
custom_functions={
'func-name': lambda a, b: ...,
...
}
)
set </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#set>/Sequence </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Sequence> of named functions
Not general, but the easiest-to-use form for named functions. It can take only named
functions, defined using def </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/reference/compound_stmts.html#
def>. It cannot take lambdas sinc names are unavailable for them.
def func_name(a, b):
return ...
sass.compile(
...,
custom_functions={func_name}
)
Newer versions of libsass allow developers to define callbacks to be called and given a chance to
process @import directives. You can define yours by passing in a list of callables via the
importers parameter. The callables must be passed as 2-tuples in the form:
(priority_int, callback_fn)
A priority of zero is acceptable; priority determines the order callbacks are attempted.
These callbacks can accept one or two string arguments. The first argument is the path that was
passed to the @import directive; the second (optional) argument is the previous resolved path,
where the @import directive was found. The callbacks must either return None to indicate the path
wasn't handled by that callback (to continue with others or fall back on internal libsass
filesystem behaviour) or a list of one or more tuples, each in one of three forms:
• A 1-tuple representing an alternate path to handle internally; or,
• A 2-tuple representing an alternate path and the content that path represents; or,
• A 3-tuple representing the same as the 2-tuple with the addition of a "sourcemap".
All tuple return values must be strings. As a not overly realistic example:
def my_importer(path, prev):
return [(path, '#' + path + ' { color: red; }')]
sass.compile(
...,
importers=[(0, my_importer)]
)
Now, within the style source, attempting to @import 'button'; will instead attach color: red as a
property of an element with the imported name.
Added in version 0.4.0: Added source_comments and source_map_filename parameters.
Changed in version 0.6.0: The source_comments parameter becomes to take only bool </usr/share/doc/
python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool> instead of str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/
library/stdtypes.html#str>.
Deprecated since version 0.6.0: Values like 'none', 'line_numbers', and 'map' for the
source_comments parameter are deprecated.
Added in version 0.7.0: Added precision parameter.
Added in version 0.7.0: Added custom_functions parameter.
Added in version 0.11.0: source_map_filename no longer implies source_comments.
Added in version 0.17.0: Added source_map_contents, source_map_embed, omit_source_map_url, and
source_map_root parameters.
Added in version 0.18.0: The importer callbacks can now take a second argument, the previously-
resolved path, so that importers can do relative path resolution.
sassutils --- Additional utilities related to Sass
This package provides several additional utilities related to Sass which depends on libsass core (sass <#
module-sass> module).
sassutils.builder --- Build the whole directory
class sassutils.builder.Manifest(sass_path, css_path=None, wsgi_path=None, strip_extension=None)
Building manifest of Sass/SCSS.
Parameters
• sass_path (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring)
-- the path of the directory that contains Sass/SCSS source files
• css_path (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring) --
the path of the directory to store compiled CSS files
• strip_extension (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
whether to remove the original file extension
build(package_dir, output_style='nested')
Builds the Sass/SCSS files in the specified sass_path. It finds sass_path and locates
css_path as relative to the given package_dir.
Parameters
• package_dir (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>,
basestring) -- the path of package directory
• output_style (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) --
an optional coding style of the compiled result. choose one of: 'nested'
(default), 'expanded', 'compact', 'compressed'
Returns
the set of compiled CSS filenames
Return type
frozenset </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#frozenset>
Added in version 0.6.0: The output_style parameter.
build_one(package_dir, filename, source_map=False)
Builds one Sass/SCSS file.
Parameters
• package_dir (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>,
basestring) -- the path of package directory
• filename (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>,
basestring) -- the filename of Sass/SCSS source to compile
• source_map (bool </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/functions.html#bool>) --
whether to use source maps. if True it also write a source map to a filename
followed by .map suffix. default is False
Returns
the filename of compiled CSS
Return type
str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring
Added in version 0.4.0: Added optional source_map parameter.
resolve_filename(package_dir, filename)
Gets a proper full relative path of Sass source and CSS source that will be generated,
according to package_dir and filename.
Parameters
• package_dir (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>,
basestring) -- the path of package directory
• filename (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>,
basestring) -- the filename of Sass/SCSS source to compile
Returns
a pair of (sass, css) path
Return type
tuple </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#tuple>
unresolve_filename(package_dir, filename)
Retrieves the probable source path from the output filename. Pass in a .css path to get
out a .scss path.
Parameters
• package_dir (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) --
the path of the package directory
• filename (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- the
css filename
Returns
the scss filename
Return type
str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>
sassutils.builder.SUFFIXES = frozenset({'sass', 'scss'})
(frozenset </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#frozenset>) The set of supported
filename suffixes.
sassutils.builder.SUFFIX_PATTERN = re.compile('[.](sass|scss)$')
(re.RegexObject) The regular expression pattern which matches to filenames of supported SUFFIXES.
sassutils.builder.build_directory(sass_path, css_path, output_style='nested', _root_sass=None,
_root_css=None, strip_extension=False)
Compiles all Sass/SCSS files in path to CSS.
Parameters
• sass_path (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring)
-- the path of the directory which contains source files to compile
• css_path (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>, basestring) --
the path of the directory compiled CSS files will go
• output_style (str </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/stdtypes.html#str>) -- an
optional coding style of the compiled result. choose one of: 'nested' (default),
'expanded', 'compact', 'compressed'
Returns
a dictionary of source filenames to compiled CSS filenames
Return type
collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc.html#
collections.abc.Mapping>
Added in version 0.6.0: The output_style parameter.
sassutils.distutils --- setuptools/distutils </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/distutils.html#
module-distutils> integration
This module provides extensions (and some magical monkey-patches, sorry) of the standard distutils </usr/
share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/distutils.html#module-distutils> and setuptools (now it's named
Distribute) for libsass.
To use this, add libsass into setup_requires (not install_requires) option of the setup.py script:
from setuptools import setup
setup(
# ...,
setup_requires=['libsass >= 0.6.0']
)
It will adds build_sass command to the setup.py script:
$ python setup.py build_sass
This commands builds Sass/SCSS files to compiled CSS files of the project and makes the package archive
(made by sdist, bdist, and so on) to include these compiled CSS files.
To set the directory of Sass/SCSS source files and the directory to store compiled CSS files, specify
sass_manifests option:
from setuptools import find_packages, setup
setup(
name='YourPackage',
packages=find_packages(),
sass_manifests={
'your.webapp': ('static/sass', 'static/css')
},
setup_requires=['libsass >= 0.6.0']
)
The option should be a mapping of package names to pairs of paths, e.g.:
{
'package': ('static/sass', 'static/css'),
'package.name': ('static/scss', 'static')
}
The option can also be a mapping of package names to manifest dictionaries:
{
'package': {
'sass_path': 'static/sass',
'css_path': 'static/css',
'strip_extension': True,
},
}
Added in version 0.15.0: Added strip_extension so a.scss is compiled to a.css instead of a.scss.css.
This option will default to True in the future.
Added in version 0.6.0: Added --output-style/-s option to build_sass command.
class sassutils.distutils.build_sass(dist: Distribution, **kw)
Builds Sass/SCSS files to CSS files.
finalize_options()
Set final values for all options/attributes used by the command. Most of the time, each
option/attribute/cache should only be set if it does not have any value yet (e.g. if
self.attr is None: self.attr = val).
get_package_dir(package)
Returns the directory, relative to the top of the source distribution, where package
package should be found (at least according to the package_dir option, if any).
Copied from distutils.command.build_py.get_package_dir() method.
initialize_options()
Set or (reset) all options/attributes/caches used by the command to their default values.
Note that these values may be overwritten during the build.
run() Execute the actions intended by the command. (Side effects SHOULD only take place when
run() is executed, for example, creating new files or writing to the terminal output).
sassutils.distutils.validate_manifests(dist, attr, value)
Verifies that value is an expected mapping of package to sassutils.builder.Manifest <#sassutils
.builder.Manifest>.
sassutils.wsgi --- WSGI middleware for development purpose
class sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware(app, manifests, package_dir={}, error_status='200 OK')
WSGI middleware for development purpose. Every time a CSS file has requested it finds a matched
Sass/SCSS source file and then compiled it into CSS.
It shows syntax errors in three ways:
Heading comment
The result CSS includes detailed error message in the heading CSS comment e.g.:
/*
Error: invalid property name
*/
Red text in body:before
The result CSS draws detailed error message in :before pseudo-class of body element e.g.:
body:before {
content: 'Error: invalid property name';
color: maroon;
background-color: white;
}
In most cases you could be aware of syntax error by refreshing your working document
because it will removes all other styles and leaves only a red text.
logging </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/logging.html#module-logging>
It logs syntax errors if exist during compilation to sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware logger
with level ERROR.
To enable this:
from logging import Formatter, StreamHandler, getLogger
logger = getLogger('sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware')
handler = StreamHandler(level=logging.ERROR)
formatter = Formatter(fmt='*' * 80 + '\n%(message)s\n' + '*' * 80)
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(handler)
Or simply:
import logging
logging.basicConfig()
Parameters
• app (collections.abc.Callable </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections.abc
.html#collections.abc.Callable>) -- the WSGI application to wrap
• manifests (collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping>) -- build settings. the same format to setup.py
script's sass_manifests option
• package_dir (collections.abc.Mapping </usr/share/doc/python3-doc/html/library/collections
.abc.html#collections.abc.Mapping>) -- optional mapping of package names to directories.
the same format to setup.py script's package_dir option
Changed in version 0.4.0: It creates also source map files with filenames followed by .map suffix.
Added in version 0.8.0: It logs syntax errors if exist during compilation to
sassutils.wsgi.SassMiddleware logger with level ERROR.
static quote_css_string(s)
Quotes a string as CSS string literal.
CREDIT
Hong Minhee wrote this Python binding of LibSass <https://github.com/sass/libsass>.
Hampton Catlin and Aaron Leung wrote LibSass <https://github.com/sass/libsass>, which is portable C/C++
implementation of Sass <https://sass-lang.com/>.
Hampton Catlin originally designed Sass <https://sass-lang.com/> language and wrote the first reference
implementation of it in Ruby.
The above three are all distributed under MIT license <https://mit-license.org/>.
OPEN SOURCE
GitHub (Git repository + issues)
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python>
GitHub Actions (linux + macos + windows)
[image: Build Status] [image]
<https://github.com/sass/libsass-python/actions/workflows/main.yml>.UNINDENT
PyPI <https://pypi.org/pypi/libsass/> [image: PyPI] [image]
<https://pypi.org/pypi/libsass/>.TP Changelog Changelog <>
INDICES AND TABLES
• Index <>
• Module Index <>
• Search Page <>
Author
Hong Minhee
Copyright
2012, Hong Minhee
0.23.0 Dec 06, 2025 LIBSASS(3)