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NAME

       cflow - generate a C-language flowgraph (DEVELOPMENT)

SYNOPSIS

       cflow [-r][-d num][-D name[=def]] ... [-i incl][-I dir] ...
              [-U dir] ... file ...

DESCRIPTION

       The  cflow  utility  shall  analyze a collection of object files or assembler, C-language,
       lex, or yacc source files, and attempt to build  a  graph,  written  to  standard  output,
       charting the external references.

OPTIONS

       The  cflow  utility  shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
       Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines, except that the order  of  the  -D,  -I,  and  -U
       options (which are identical to their interpretation by c99) is significant.

       The following options shall be supported:

       -d  num
              Indicate  the depth at which the flowgraph is cut off. The application shall ensure
              that the argument num is a decimal integer. By default this is a very large  number
              (typically greater than 32000). Attempts to set the cut-off depth to a non-positive
              integer shall be ignored.

       -i  incl
              Increase the number of included symbols. The incl option-argument  is  one  of  the
              following characters:

       x
              Include  external  and  static  data  symbols. The default shall be to include only
              functions in the flowgraph.

       _
              (Underscore) Include names that begin with an underscore. The default shall  be  to
              exclude these functions (and data if -i x is used).

       -r     Reverse  the  caller:callee relationship, producing an inverted listing showing the
              callers of each function. The listing shall also be sorted in lexicographical order
              by callee.

OPERANDS

       The following operand is supported:

       file   The  pathname of a file for which a graph is to be generated. Filenames suffixed by
              .l shall shall be taken to be lex input, .y as yacc input, .c as c99 input, and  .i
              as  the output of c99 -E.  Such files shall be processed as appropriate, determined
              by their suffix.

       Files suffixed by .s (conventionally assembler source) may have more  limited  information
       extracted from them.

STDIN

       Not used.

INPUT FILES

       The input files shall be object files or assembler, C-language, lex, or yacc source files.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables shall affect the execution of cflow:

       LANG   Provide  a  default  value for the internationalization variables that are unset or
              null. (See the  Base  Definitions  volume  of  IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,  Section  8.2,
              Internationalization Variables for the precedence of internationalization variables
              used to determine the values of locale categories.)

       LC_ALL If set to  a  non-empty  string  value,  override  the  values  of  all  the  other
              internationalization variables.

       LC_COLLATE

              Determine the locale for the ordering of the output when the -r option is used.

       LC_CTYPE
              Determine  the  locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as
              characters (for  example,  single-byte  as  opposed  to  multi-byte  characters  in
              arguments and input files).

       LC_MESSAGES
              Determine  the  locale  that  should  be  used to affect the format and contents of
              diagnostic messages written to standard error.

       NLSPATH
              Determine the location of message catalogs for the processing of LC_MESSAGES .

ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS

       Default.

STDOUT

       The flowgraph written to standard output shall be formatted as follows:

              "%d %s:%s\n", <reference number>, <global>, <definition>

       Each line of  output  begins  with  a  reference  (that  is,  line)  number,  followed  by
       indentation of at least one column position per level. This is followed by the name of the
       global, a colon, and its definition. Normally globals are only functions not defined as an
       external  or  beginning  with  an underscore; see the OPTIONS section for the -i inclusion
       option. For information extracted from C-language source, the definition  consists  of  an
       abstract type declaration (for example, char *) and, delimited by angle brackets, the name
       of the source file and the  line  number  where  the  definition  was  found.  Definitions
       extracted  from  object  files  indicate the filename and location counter under which the
       symbol appeared (for example, text).

       Once a definition of a name has been written, subsequent references to that  name  contain
       only  the  reference  number  of the line where the definition can be found. For undefined
       references, only "<>" shall be written.

STDERR

       The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.

OUTPUT FILES

       None.

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION

       None.

EXIT STATUS

       The following exit values shall be returned:

        0     Successful completion.

       >0     An error occurred.

CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS

       Default.

       The following sections are informative.

APPLICATION USAGE

       Files produced by lex and yacc cause the reordering of line number declarations, and  this
       can confuse cflow.  To obtain proper results, the input of yacc or lex must be directed to
       cflow.

EXAMPLES

       Given the following in file.c:

              int i;
              int f();
              int g();
              int h();
              int
              main()
              {
                  f();
                  g();
                  f();
              }
              int
              f()
              {
                  i = h();
              }

       The command:

              cflow -i x file.c

       produces the output:

              1 main: int(), <file.c 6>
              2    f: int(), <file.c 13>
              3        h: <>
              4        i: int, <file.c 1>
              5    g: <>

RATIONALE

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       c99 , lex , yacc

COPYRIGHT

       Portions of this text are reprinted and  reproduced  in  electronic  form  from  IEEE  Std
       1003.1,  2003  Edition,  Standard  for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
       Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003  by
       the  Institute  of  Electrical  and  Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the
       event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE  and  The  Open  Group
       Standard,  the  original  IEEE  and  The  Open Group Standard is the referee document. The
       original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .