trusty (1) dpkg-buildpackage.1.gz
NAME
dpkg-buildpackage - build binary or source packages from sources
SYNOPSIS
dpkg-buildpackage [option...]
DESCRIPTION
dpkg-buildpackage is a program that automates the process of building a Debian package. It consists of
the following steps:
1. It prepares the build environment by setting various environment variables (see ENVIRONMENT) and calls
dpkg-source --before-build (unless -T or --target has been used).
2. It checks that the build-dependencies and build-conflicts are satisfied (unless -d is specified).
3. If a specific target has been selected with the -T or --target option, it calls that target and stops
here. Otherwise it calls fakeroot debian/rules clean to clean the build-tree (unless -nc is
specified).
4. It calls dpkg-source -b to generate the source package (unless a binary-only build has been requested
with -b, -B or -A).
5. It calls debian/rules build-target followed by fakeroot debian/rules binary-target (unless a source-
only build has been requested with -S). Note that build-target and binary-target are either build and
binary (default case, or if -b is specified), or build-arch and binary-arch (if -B is specified), or
build-indep and binary-indep (if -A is specified).
6. It calls gpg2 or gpg to sign the .dsc file (if any, unless -us is specified or on UNRELEASED builds).
7. It calls dpkg-genchanges to generate a .changes file. Many dpkg-buildpackage options are forwarded to
dpkg-genchanges.
8. It calls gpg2 or gpg to sign the .changes file (unless -uc is specified or on UNRELEASED builds).
9. If -tc is specified, it will call fakeroot debian/rules clean again. Finally it calls dpkg-source
--after-build.
OPTIONS
-b Specifies a binary-only build, no source files are to be built and/or distributed. Passed to
dpkg-genchanges.
-B Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture dependent packages. Passed to
dpkg-genchanges.
-A Specifies a binary-only build, limited to architecture independent packages. Passed to
dpkg-genchanges.
-S Specifies a source-only build, no binary packages need to be made. Passed to dpkg-genchanges.
-F Specifies a normal full build, binary and source packages will be built. This is the same as the
default case when no build option is specified.
--target=target
--target target
-Ttarget
Calls debian/rules target after having setup the build environment and stops the package build
process here. If --as-root is also given, then the command is executed as root (see -r). Note that
official targets that are required to be run as root by the Debian policy do not need this option.
--as-root
Only meaningful together with --target. Requires that the target be run with root rights.
-si
-sa
-sd
-vversion
-Cchanges-description
-mmaintainer-address
-emaintainer-address
Passed unchanged to dpkg-genchanges. See its manual page.
-aarchitecture
Specify the Debian architecture we build for. The architecture of the machine we build on is
determined automatically, and is also the default for the host machine.
-tgnu-system-type
Specify the GNU system type we build for. It can be used in place of -a or as a complement to
override the default GNU system type of the target Debian architecture.
-Pprofile[,...]
Specify the profile(s) we build, as a comma-separated list, without the "profile." namespace
prefix. The default behavior is to build for no specific profile. Also adds them (as a space
separated list) to the DEB_BUILD_PROFILES environment variable which allows, for example,
debian/rules files to use this information for conditional builds.
-jjobs Number of jobs allowed to be run simultaneously, equivalent to the make(1) option of the same
name. Will add itself to the MAKEFLAGS environment variable, which should cause all subsequent
make invocations to inherit the option. Also adds parallel=jobs to the DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS
environment variable which allows debian/rules files to use this information for their own
purposes. The parallel=jobs in DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment variable will override the -j value
if this option is given.
-D Check build dependencies and conflicts; abort if unsatisfied. This is the default behavior.
-d Do not check build dependencies and conflicts.
-nc Do not clean the source tree (implies -b if nothing else has been selected among -B, -A or -S).
-tc Clean the source tree (using gain-root-command debian/rules clean) after the package has been
built.
-rgain-root-command
When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute part of the build process as root, it prefixes the command
it executes with gain-root-command if one has been specified. Otherwise, if none has been
specified, fakeroot will be used by default, if the command is present. gain-root-command should
start with the name of a program on the PATH and will get as arguments the name of the real
command to run and the arguments it should take. gain-root-command can include parameters (they
must be space-separated) but no shell metacharacters. gain-root-command might typically be
fakeroot, sudo, super or really. su is not suitable, since it can only invoke the user's shell
with -c instead of passing arguments individually to the command to be run.
-Rrules-file
Building a Debian package usually involves invoking debian/rules as a command with several
standard parameters. With this option it's possible to use another program invocation to build the
package (it can include space separated parameters). Alternatively it can be used to execute the
standard rules file with another make program (for example by using /usr/local/bin/make -f
debian/rules as rules-file).
-psign-command
When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute GPG to sign a source control (.dsc) file or a .changes
file it will run sign-command (searching the PATH if necessary) instead of gpg2 or gpg. sign-
command will get all the arguments that gpg2 or gpg would have gotten. sign-command should not
contain spaces or any other shell metacharacters.
-kkey-id
Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages.
-us Do not sign the source package.
-uc Do not sign the .changes file.
--force-sign
Force the signing of the resulting files (since dpkg 1.17.0), regardless of -us or -uc or other
internal heuristics.
-i[regex]
-I[pattern]
-s[nsAkurKUR]
-z, -Z Passed unchanged to dpkg-source. See its manual page.
--source-option=opt
Pass option opt to dpkg-source.
--changes-option=opt
Pass option opt to dpkg-genchanges.
--admindir=dir
--admindir dir
Change the location of the dpkg database. The default location is /var/lib/dpkg.
-?, --help
Show the usage message and exit.
--version
Show the version and exit.
ENVIRONMENT
DEB_SIGN_KEYID
If set, it will be used to sign the .changes and .dsc files. Overridden by the -k option.
DEB_BUILD_PROFILES
If set, it will be used as the active build profile(s) for the package being built. It is a space
separated list of profile names, without the "profile." namespace prefix. Overridden by the -P
option.
Reliance on exported environment flags
Even if dpkg-buildpackage exports some variables, debian/rules should not rely on their presence and
should instead use the respective interface to retrieve the needed values.
Variables set by dpkg-architecture
dpkg-architecture is called with the -a and -t parameters forwarded. Any variable that is output by its
-s option is integrated in the build environment.
NOTES
Compiler flags are no longer exported
Between dpkg 1.14.17 and 1.16.1, dpkg-buildpackage exported compiler flags (CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, FFLAGS,
CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS) with values as returned by dpkg-buildflags. This is no longer the case.
Default build targets
dpkg-buildpackage is using the build-arch and build-indep targets since dpkg 1.16.2. Those targets are
thus mandatory. But to avoid breakages of existing packages, and ease the transition, it will fallback to
using the build target if make -f debian/rules -qn build-target returns 2 as exit code.
BUGS
It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters in and initial arguments for gain-root-
command and sign-command.
SEE ALSO
dpkg-source(1), dpkg-architecture(1), dpkg-buildflags(1), dpkg-genchanges(1), fakeroot(1), gpg2(1), gpg(1).