NAME

       ec - EC key processing

SYNOPSIS

       openssl ec [-inform PEM|DER] [-outform PEM|DER] [-in filename] [-passin arg] [-out
       filename] [-passout arg] [-des] [-des3] [-idea] [-text] [-noout] [-param_out] [-pubin]
       [-pubout] [-conv_form arg] [-param_enc arg] [-engine id]

DESCRIPTION

       The ec command processes EC keys. They can be converted between various forms and their
       components printed out. Note OpenSSL uses the private key format specified in 'SEC 1:
       Elliptic Curve Cryptography' (http://www.secg.org/). To convert a OpenSSL EC private key
       into the PKCS#8 private key format use the pkcs8 command.

COMMAND OPTIONS

       -inform DER|PEM
           This specifies the input format. The DER option with a private key uses an ASN.1 DER
           encoded SEC1 private key. When used with a public key it uses the SubjectPublicKeyInfo
           structure as specified in RFC 3280.  The PEM form is the default format: it consists
           of the DER format base64 encoded with additional header and footer lines. In the case
           of a private key PKCS#8 format is also accepted.

       -outform DER|PEM
           This specifies the output format, the options have the same meaning as the -inform
           option.

       -in filename
           This specifies the input filename to read a key from or standard input if this option
           is not specified. If the key is encrypted a pass phrase will be prompted for.

       -passin arg
           the input file password source. For more information about the format of arg see the
           PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS section in openssl(1).

       -out filename
           This specifies the output filename to write a key to or standard output by is not
           specified. If any encryption options are set then a pass phrase will be prompted for.
           The output filename should not be the same as the input filename.

       -passout arg
           the output file password source. For more information about the format of arg see the
           PASS PHRASE ARGUMENTS section in openssl(1).

       -des|-des3|-idea
           These options encrypt the private key with the DES, triple DES, IDEA or any other
           cipher supported by OpenSSL before outputting it. A pass phrase is prompted for.  If
           none of these options is specified the key is written in plain text. This means that
           using the ec utility to read in an encrypted key with no encryption option can be used
           to remove the pass phrase from a key, or by setting the encryption options it can be
           use to add or change the pass phrase.  These options can only be used with PEM format
           output files.

       -text
           prints out the public, private key components and parameters.

       -noout
           this option prevents output of the encoded version of the key.

       -modulus
           this option prints out the value of the public key component of the key.

       -pubin
           by default a private key is read from the input file: with this option a public key is
           read instead.

       -pubout
           by default a private key is output. With this option a public key will be output
           instead. This option is automatically set if the input is a public key.

       -conv_form
           This specifies how the points on the elliptic curve are converted into octet strings.
           Possible values are: compressed (the default value), uncompressed and hybrid. For more
           information regarding the point conversion forms please read the X9.62 standard.  Note
           Due to patent issues the compressed option is disabled by default for binary curves
           and can be enabled by defining the preprocessor macro OPENSSL_EC_BIN_PT_COMP at
           compile time.

       -param_enc arg
           This specifies how the elliptic curve parameters are encoded.  Possible value are:
           named_curve, i.e. the ec parameters are specified by a OID, or explicit where the ec
           parameters are explicitly given (see RFC 3279 for the definition of the EC parameters
           structures). The default value is named_curve.  Note the implicitlyCA alternative ,as
           specified in RFC 3279, is currently not implemented in OpenSSL.

       -engine id
           specifying an engine (by its unique id string) will cause ec to attempt to obtain a
           functional reference to the specified engine, thus initialising it if needed. The
           engine will then be set as the default for all available algorithms.

NOTES

       The PEM private key format uses the header and footer lines:

        -----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----

        -----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----
       The PEM public key format uses the header and footer lines:

        -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----

        -----END PUBLIC KEY-----

EXAMPLES

       To encrypt a private key using triple DES:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -des3 -out keyout.pem

       To convert a private key from PEM to DER format:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -outform DER -out keyout.der

       To print out the components of a private key to standard output:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -text -noout

       To just output the public part of a private key:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -pubout -out pubkey.pem

       To change the parameters encoding to explicit:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -param_enc explicit -out keyout.pem

       To change the point conversion form to compressed:

        openssl ec -in key.pem -conv_form compressed -out keyout.pem

SEE ALSO

       ecparam(1), dsa(1), rsa(1)

HISTORY

       The ec command was first introduced in OpenSSL 0.9.8.

AUTHOR

       Nils Larsch for the OpenSSL project (http://www.openssl.org).