Provided by: grass-doc_6.4.3-3_all 
GRASS GIS 6.4.3 Reference Manual
Geographic Resources Analysis Support System, commonly referred to as GRASS, is a <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system">Geographic Information
System (GIS) used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing,
graphics/maps production, spatial modeling, and visualization. GRASS is currently used in
academic and commercial settings around the world, as well as by many governmental
agencies and environmental consulting companies.
This reference manual details the use of modules distributed with Geographic Resources
Analysis Support System (GRASS), an open source (GNU GPL'ed), image processing and
geographic information system (GIS). Go back to help overview
Full command index:
[ v.* ]
| d.* | display commands
| db.* | database commands
| g.* | general commands
| i.* | imagery commands
| m.* | miscellaneous commands
| ps.* | postscript commands
| r.* | raster commands
| r3.* | raster3D commands
| v.* | vector commands
| gis.m | GUI frontend to GIS menus and display
| nviz | visualization suite
| wxGUI | wxPython-based GUI frontend
| xganim | raster map slideshow
d.* commands:
| d.ask | Prompts the user to select a GRASS data base file from among files
displayed in a menu on the graphics monitor.
| d.barscale | Displays a barscale on the graphics monitor.
| d.colorlist | Output a list of all available display colors with a configurable
separator (default is comma).
| d.colors | Allows the user to interactively change the color table of a raster
map layer displayed on the graphics monitor.
| d.colortable | Displays the color table associated with a raster map layer.
| d.correlate | Prints a graph of the correlation between data layers (in pairs).
| d.erase | Erase the contents of the active display frame with user defined
color
| d.extend | Sets window region so that all currently displayed raster and vector
maps can be shown in a monitor.
| d.extract | Selects and extracts vectors with mouse into new vector map.
| d.font | Selects the font in which text will be displayed on the user's graphics
monitor.
| d.frame | Manages display frames on the user's graphics monitor.
| d.geodesic | Displays a geodesic line, tracing the shortest distance between two
geographic points along a great circle, in a longitude/latitude data set.
| d.graph | Program for generating and displaying simple graphics on the display
monitor.
| d.grid | Overlays a user-specified grid in the active display frame on the
graphics monitor.
| d.his | Displays the result obtained by combining hue, intensity, and saturation
(his) values from user-specified input raster map layers.
| d.histogram | Displays a histogram in the form of a pie or bar chart for a user-
specified raster map.
| d.info | Display information about the active display monitor
| d.labels | Displays text labels (created with v.label) to the active frame on
the graphics monitor.
| d.legend | Displays a legend for a raster map in the active frame of the
graphics monitor.
| d.linegraph | Generates and displays simple line graphs in the active graphics
monitor display frame.
| d.m | Display manager for GRASS
| d.mapgraph | Generates and displays simple graphics on map layers drawn in the
active graphics monitor display frame.
| d.measure | Measures the lengths and areas of features drawn by the user in the
active display frame on the graphics monitor.
| d.menu | Creates and displays a menu within the active frame on the graphics
monitor.
| d.mon | To establish and control use of a graphics display monitor.
| d.monsize | Selects/starts specified monitor at specified size
| d.mvmon | Moves displayed maps to another monitor
| d.nviz | Creates fly-through script to run in NVIZ.
| d.out.file | Saves the contents of the active display monitor to a graphics file.
| d.out.gpsdrive | Export display monitor to a GpsDrive compatible backdrop image
| d.out.png | Saves active display monitor to PNG file in home directory
| d.path | Finds shortest path for selected starting and ending node.
| d.polar | Draws polar diagram of angle map such as aspect or flow directions
| d.profile | Interactive profile plotting utility with optional output.
| d.rast.arrow | Draws arrows representing cell aspect direction for a raster
map containing aspect data.
| d.rast.edit | Interactively edit cell values in a raster map.
| d.rast | Displays user-specified raster map in the active graphics frame.
| d.rast.leg | Displays a raster map and its legend on a graphics window
| d.rast.num | Overlays cell category values on a raster map layer displayed to the
graphics monitor.
| d.redraw | Redraws the current display frame in the GRASS monitor
| d.resize | Resizes active display monitor
| d.rgb | Displays three user-specified raster maps as red, green, and blue
overlays in the active graphics frame.
| d.rhumbline | Displays the rhumbline joining two user-specified points, in the
active frame on the user's graphics monitor.
| d.save | Creates a list of commands for recreating screen graphics.
| d.shadedmap | Drapes a color raster over a shaded relief map using d.his
| d.slide.show | Slide show of GRASS raster/vector maps.
| d.split.frame | Split the display into subframes.
| d.split | Divides active display into two frames & displays maps/executes
commands in each frame.
| d.text | Draws text in the active display frame on the graphics monitor using the
current font.
| d.thematic.area | Displays a thematic vector area map in the active frame on the
graphics monitor.
| d.title | Create a TITLE for a raster map in a form suitable for display with
d.text.
| d.vect.chart | Displays charts of vector data in the active frame on the
graphics monitor.
| d.vect | Displays user-specified vector map in the active graphics frame.
| d.vect.thematic | Displays thematic vector map
| d.what.rast | Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of
multiple raster map layers at user specified locations within the current geographic
region.
| d.what.vect | Allows the user to interactively query a vector map layer at user-
selected locations within the current geographic region.
| d.where | Identifies the geographic coordinates associated with point
locations in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
| d.zoom | Allows the user to change the current geographic region settings
interactively, with a mouse.
db.* commands:
| db.columns | List all columns for a given table.
| db.connect | Prints/sets general DB connection for current mapset and exits.
| db.copy | Copy a table.
| db.describe | Describes a table in detail.
| db.drivers | Lists all database drivers.
| db.dropcol | Drops a column from selected attribute table
| db.droptable | Drops an attribute table.
| db.execute | Executes any SQL statement.
| db.in.ogr | Imports attribute tables in various formats.
| db.login | Sets user/password for driver/database.
| db.out.ogr | Exports attribute tables into various formats.
| db.select | Selects data from attribute table (performs SQL query statement(s)).
| db.tables | Lists all tables for a given database.
| db.test | Test database driver, database must exist and set by db.connect.
g.* commands:
| g.access | Controls access to the current mapset for other users on the system.
| g.ask | Prompts the user for the names of GRASS data base files.
| g.copy | Copies available data files in the user's current mapset search path and
location to the appropriate element directories under the user's current mapset.
| g.dirseps | Internal GRASS utility for converting directory separator
characters.
| g.extension | Tool to maintain GRASS extensions in local GRASS installation.
| g.filename | Prints GRASS data base file names.
| g.findetc | Searches for GRASS support files.
| g.findfile | Searches for GRASS data base files and sets variables for the shell.
| g.gisenv | Outputs and modifies the user's current GRASS variable settings.
| g.gui | Launches a GRASS graphical user interface (GUI) session.
| g.list | Lists available GRASS data base files of the user-specified data type.
| g.manual | Display the HTML man pages of GRASS
| g.mapset | Changes current mapset.
| g.mapsets | Modifies the user's current mapset search path.
| g.message | Prints a message, warning, progress info, or fatal error in the
GRASS way.
| g.mkfontcap | Generates the font configuration file by scanning various
directories for fonts
| g.mlist | Lists available GRASS data base files of the user-specified data
type optionally using the search pattern.
| g.mremove | Removes data base element files from the user's current mapset.
| g.parser | Provides automated parser, GUI, and help support for GRASS scipts.
| g.pnmcomp | Overlays multiple PPM image files
| g.proj | Prints and manipulates GRASS projection information files (in various co-
ordinate system descriptions).
| g.region | Manages the boundary definitions for the geographic region.
| g.remove | Removes data base element files from the user's current mapset.
| g.rename | Renames data base element files in the user's current mapset.
| g.setproj | Interactively reset the location's projection settings.
| g.tempfile | Creates a temporary file and prints the file name.
| g.transform | Computes a coordinate transformation based on the control points.
| g.version | Displays version and copyright information.
i.* commands:
| i.atcorr | Performs atmospheric correction using the 6S algorithm.
| i.cca | Canonical components analysis (cca) program for image processing.
| i.class | Generates spectral signatures for an image by allowing the user to
outline regions of interest.
| i.cluster | Generates spectral signatures for land cover types in an image using
a clustering algorithm.
| i.fft | Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for image processing.
| i.fusion.brovey | Brovey transform to merge multispectral and high-res
panchromatic channels
| i.gensig | Generates statistics for i.maxlik from raster map.
| i.gensigset | Generates statistics for i.smap from raster map.
| i.group | Creates, edits, and lists groups and subgroups of imagery files.
| i.his.rgb | Transforms raster maps from HIS (Hue-Intensity-Saturation) color
space to RGB (Red-Green-Blue) color space.
| i.ifft | Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) for image processing.
| i.image.mosaic | Mosaics up to 4 images and extends colormap; creates map
*.mosaic
| i.in.spotvgt | Import of SPOT VGT NDVI file into a raster map
| i.landsat.acca | Performs Landsat TM/ETM+ Automatic Cloud Cover Assessment
(ACCA).
| i.landsat.rgb | Performs auto-balancing of colors for LANDSAT images.
| i.landsat.toar | Calculates top-of-atmosphere radiance or reflectance and
temperature for Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+.
| i.maxlik | Classifies the cell spectral reflectances in imagery data.
| i.modis.qc | Extracts quality control parameters from Modis QC layers.
| i.oif | Calculates Optimum-Index-Factor table for LANDSAT TM bands 1-5, & 7
| i.ortho.photo | Menu driver for the photo imagery programs.
| i.pca | Principal components analysis (PCA) for image processing.
| i.photo.2image | Interactively mark fiducial or reseau points on an image.
| i.photo.2target | Creates control points on an image to be ortho-rectified.
| i.photo.camera | Interactively select and modify the imagery group camera
reference file.
| i.photo.init | Interactively creates or modifies entries in a camera initial
exposure station file for imagery group referenced by a sub-block.
| i.photo.rectify | Orthorectifies an image by using the image to photo coordinate
transformation matrix.
| i.points | Mark ground control points on image to be rectified.
| i.rectify | Rectifies an image by computing a coordinate transformation for each
pixel in the image based on the control points.
| i.rgb.his | Transforms raster maps from RGB (Red-Green-Blue) color space to HIS
(Hue-Intensity-Saturation) color space.
| i.smap | Performs contextual image classification using sequential maximum a
posteriori (SMAP) estimation.
| i.spectral | Displays spectral response at user specified locations in group or
images.
| i.target | Targets an imagery group to a GRASS location and mapset.
| i.tasscap | Tasseled Cap (Kauth Thomas) transformation for LANDSAT-TM data
| i.topo.corr | Computes topographic correction of reflectance.
| i.vpoints | Set registration points for an imagery group from a vector map or
keyboard entry.
| i.zc | Zero-crossing "edge detection" raster function for image processing.
m.* commands:
| m.cogo | A simple utility for converting bearing and distance measurements to
coordinates and vice versa.
| m.nviz.image | Creates a 3D rendering of GIS data.
| m.proj | Convert coordinates from one projection to another (cs2cs frontend).
ps.* commands:
| ps.map | Produces hardcopy PostScript map output.
r.* commands:
| r.average | Finds the average of values in a cover map within areas assigned the
same category value in a user-specified base map.
| r.basins.fill | Generates watershed subbasins raster map.
| r.bilinear | Bilinear interpolation utility for raster map layers.
| r.bitpattern | Compares bit patterns with a raster map.
| r.blend | Blends color components of two raster maps by a given ratio.
| r.buffer | Creates a raster map layer showing buffer zones surrounding cells
that contain non-NULL category values.
| r.carve | Takes vector stream data, transforms it to raster and subtracts
depth from the output DEM.
| r.category | Manages category values and labels associated with user-specified
raster map layers.
| r.circle | Creates a raster map containing concentric rings around a given
point.
| r.clump | Recategorizes data in a raster map by grouping cells that form
physically discrete areas into unique categories.
| r.coin | Tabulates the mutual occurrence (coincidence) of categories for two
raster map layers.
| r.colors | Creates/modifies the color table associated with a raster map layer.
| r.colors.out | Exports the color table associated with a raster map layer.
| r.colors.stddev | Set color rules based on stddev from a map's mean value.
| r.composite | Combines red, green and blue raster maps into a single composite
raster map.
| r.compress | Compresses and decompresses raster maps.
| r.contour | Produces a vector map of specified contours from a raster map.
| r.cost | Creates a raster map showing the cumulative cost of moving between
different geographic locations on an input raster map whose cell category values represent
cost.
| r.covar | Outputs a covariance/correlation matrix for user-specified raster
map layer(s).
| r.cross | Creates a cross product of the category values from multiple raster
map layers.
| r.describe | Prints terse list of category values found in a raster map layer.
| r.digit | Interactive tool used to draw and save vector features on a graphics
monitor using a pointing device (mouse) and save to a raster map.
| r.distance | Locates the closest points between objects in two raster maps.
| r.drain | Traces a flow through an elevation model on a raster map.
| r.external | Link GDAL supported raster file to a binary raster map layer.
| r.fill.dir | Filters and generates a depressionless elevation map and a flow
direction map from a given elevation raster map.
| r.fillnulls | Fills no-data areas in raster maps using spline interpolation.
| r.flow | Construction of slope curves (flowlines), flowpath lengths, and flowline
densities (upslope areas) from a raster digital elevation model (DEM).
| r.grow.distance | Generates a raster map layer of distance to features in input
layer.
| r.grow | Generates a raster map layer with contiguous areas grown by one cell.
| r.gwflow | Numerical calculation program for transient, confined and unconfined
groundwater flow in two dimensions.
| r.his | Generates red, green and blue raster map layers combining hue, intensity
and saturation (HIS) values from user-specified input raster map layers.
| r.horizon | Horizon angle computation from a digital elevation model.
| r.in.arc | Converts an ESRI ARC/INFO ascii raster file (GRID) into a (binary)
raster map layer.
| r.in.ascii | Converts ASCII raster file to binary raster map layer.
| r.in.aster | Georeference, rectify and import Terra-ASTER imagery and relative
DEM's using gdalwarp.
| r.in.bin | Import a binary raster file into a GRASS raster map.
| r.in.gdal | Import GDAL supported raster file into a binary raster map layer.
| r.in.gridatb | Imports GRIDATB.FOR map file (TOPMODEL) into GRASS raster map
| r.in.mat | Imports a binary MAT-File(v4) to a GRASS raster.
| r.in.poly | Creates raster maps from ASCII polygon/line/point data files.
| r.in.srtm | Import SRTM HGT files into GRASS
| r.in.wms | Downloads and imports data from WMS servers.
| r.in.xyz | Create a raster map from an assemblage of many coordinates using
univariate statistics.
| r.info | Output basic information about a raster map layer.
| r.kappa | Calculate error matrix and kappa parameter for accuracy assessment
of classification result.
| r.lake | Fills lake at given point to given level.
| r.le.patch | Calculates attribute, patch size, core (interior) size, shape,
fractal dimension, and perimeter measures for sets of patches in a landscape.
| r.le.pixel | Contains a set of measures for attributes, diversity, texture,
juxtaposition, and edge.
| r.le.setup | Interactive tool used to setup the sampling and analysis framework
that will be used by the other r.le programs.
| r.le.trace | Displays the boundary of each r.le patch and shows how the boundary
is traced, displays the attribute, size, perimeter and shape indices for each patch and
saves the data in an output file.
| r.li.cwed | Calculates contrast weighted edge density index on a raster map
| r.li.daemon | Support module for r.li landscape index calculations.
| r.li.dominance | Calculates dominance's diversity index on a raster map
| r.li.edgedensity | Calculates edge density index on a raster map, using a 4
neighbour algorithm
| r.li | Landscape structure analysis package overview.
| r.li.mpa | Calculates mean pixel attribute index on a raster map
| r.li.mps | Calculates mean patch size index on a raster map, using a 4
neighbour algorithm
| r.li.padcv | Calculates coefficient of variation of patch area on a raster map
| r.li.padrange | Calculates range of patch area size on a raster map
| r.li.padsd | Calculates standard deviation of patch area a raster map
| r.li.patchdensity | Calculates patch density index on a raster map, using a 4
neighbour algorithm
| r.li.patchnum | Calculates patch number index on a raster map, using a 4
neighbour algorithm.
| r.li.pielou | Calculates Pielou's diversity index on a raster map
| r.li.renyi | Calculates Renyi's diversity index on a raster map
| r.li.richness | Calculates dominance's diversity index on a raster map
| r.li.setup | Configuration editor for r.li.'index'
| r.li.shannon | Calculates Shannon's diversity index on a raster map
| r.li.shape | Calculates shape index on a raster map
| r.li.simpson | Calculates Simpson's diversity index on a raster map
| r.los | Line-of-sight raster analysis program.
| r.mapcalc | Raster map calculator.
| r.mapcalculator | Calculate new raster map from a r.mapcalc expression.
| r.mask | Creates a MASK for limiting raster operation.
| r.median | Finds the median of values in a cover map within areas assigned the
same category value in a user-specified base map.
| r.mfilter.fp | Raster map matrix filter.
| r.mfilter | Performs raster map matrix filter.
| r.mode | Finds the mode of values in a cover map within areas assigned the same
category value in a user-specified base map.
| r.neighbors | Makes each cell category value a function of the category values
assigned to the cells around it, and stores new cell values in an output raster map layer.
| r.null | Manages NULL-values of given raster map.
| r.out.arc | Converts a raster map layer into an ESRI ARCGRID file.
| r.out.ascii | Converts a raster map layer into an ASCII text file.
| r.out.bin | Exports a GRASS raster map to a binary array.
| r.out.gdal | Exports GRASS raster maps into GDAL supported formats.
| r.out.gdal.sh | Exports GRASS raster into GDAL supported formats.
| r.out.gridatb | Exports GRASS raster map to GRIDATB.FOR map file (TOPMODEL)
| r.out.mat | Exports a GRASS raster to a binary MAT-File.
| r.out.mpeg | Raster File Series to MPEG Conversion.
| r.out.png | Export GRASS raster as non-georeferenced PNG image.
| r.out.pov | Converts a raster map layer into a height-field file for POVRAY.
| r.out.ppm | Converts a GRASS raster map to a PPM image file at the pixel
resolution of the currently defined region.
| r.out.ppm3 | Converts 3 GRASS raster layers (R,G,B) to a PPM image file at the
pixel resolution of the CURRENTLY DEFINED REGION.
| r.out.tiff | Exports a GRASS raster map to a 8/24bit TIFF image file at the pixel
resolution of the currently defined region.
| r.out.vrml | Export a raster map to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)
| r.out.vtk | Converts raster maps into the VTK-Ascii format
| r.out.xyz | Export a raster map to a text file as x,y,z values based on cell
centers.
| r.pack | Packs up a raster map and support files for copying.
| r.param.scale | Extracts terrain parameters from a DEM.
| r.patch | Creates a composite raster map layer by using known category values
from one (or more) map layer(s) to fill in areas of "no data" in another map layer.
| r.plane | Creates raster plane map given dip (inclination), aspect (azimuth)
and one point.
| r.profile | Outputs the raster map layer values lying on user-defined line(s).
| r.proj | Re-projects a raster map from one location to the current location.
| r.quant | Produces the quantization file for a floating-point map.
| r.quantile | Compute quantiles using two passes.
| r.random.cells | Generates random cell values with spatial dependence.
| r.random | Creates a raster map layer and vector point map containing randomly
located points.
| r.random.surface | Generates random surface(s) with spatial dependence.
| r.reclass.area | Reclasses a raster map greater or less than user specified area
size (in hectares).
| r.reclass | Creates a new map layer whose category values are based upon a
reclassification of the categories in an existing raster map layer.
| r.recode | Recodes categorical raster maps.
| r.region | Sets the boundary definitions for a raster map.
| r.regression.line | Calculates linear regression from two raster maps: y = a +
b*x.
| r.report | Reports statistics for raster map layers.
| r.resamp.interp | Resamples raster map layers to a finer grid using
interpolation.
| r.resamp.rst | Reinterpolates and optionally computes topographic analysis
from input raster map to a new raster map (possibly with different resolution) using
regularized spline with tension and smoothing.
| r.resamp.stats | Resamples raster map layers to a coarser grid using
aggregation.
| r.resample | GRASS raster map layer data resampling capability.
| r.rescale.eq | Rescales histogram equalized the range of category values in a
raster map layer.
| r.rescale | Rescales the range of category values in a raster map layer.
| r.ros | Generates three, or four raster map layers showing 1) the base
(perpendicular) rate of spread (ROS), 2) the maximum (forward) ROS, 3) the direction of
the maximum ROS, and optionally 4) the maximum potential spotting distance.
| r.series | Makes each output cell value a function of the values assigned to
the corresponding cells in the input raster map layers.
| r.shaded.relief | Creates shaded relief map from an elevation map (DEM).
| r.sim.sediment | Sediment transport and erosion/deposition simulation using path
sampling method (SIMWE).
| r.sim.water | Overland flow hydrologic simulation using path sampling method
(SIMWE).
| r.slope.aspect | Generates raster maps of slope, aspect, curvatures and partial
derivatives from a elevation raster map.
| r.spread | Simulates elliptically anisotropic spread on a graphics window and
generates a raster map of the cumulative time of spread, given raster maps containing the
rates of spread (ROS), the ROS directions and the spread origins.
| r.spreadpath | Recursively traces the least cost path backwards to cells from
which the cumulative cost was determined.
| r.statistics | Calculates category or object oriented statistics.
| r.stats | Generates area statistics for raster map layers.
| r.sum | Sums up the raster cell values.
| r.sun | Solar irradiance and irradiation model.
| r.sunmask | Calculates cast shadow areas from sun position and elevation raster
map.
| r.support | Allows creation and/or modification of raster map layer support
files.
| r.support.stats | Update raster map statistics
| r.surf.area | Surface area estimation for rasters.
| r.surf.contour | Surface generation program from rasterized contours.
| r.surf.fractal | Creates a fractal surface of a given fractal dimension.
| r.surf.gauss | GRASS module to produce a raster map layer of gaussian deviates
whose mean and standard deviation can be expressed by the user. It uses a gaussian random
number generator.
| r.surf.idw | Surface interpolation utility for raster map.
| r.surf.idw2 | Surface generation program.
| r.surf.random | Produces a raster map of uniform random deviates whose range
can be expressed by the user.
| r.terraflow | Flow computation for massive grids (float version).
| r.texture | Generate images with textural features from a raster map.
| r.thin | Thins non-zero cells that denote linear features in a raster map.
| r.tileset | Produces tilings of the source projection for use in the destination
region and projection.
| r.timestamp | Modifies a timestamp for a raster map.
| r.to.rast3 | Converts 2D raster map slices to one 3D raster volume map.
| r.to.rast3elev | Creates a 3D volume map based on 2D elevation and value raster
maps.
| r.to.vect | Converts a raster map into a vector map layer.
| r.topidx | Creates topographic index map from elevation raster map.
| r.topmodel | Simulates TOPMODEL which is a physically based hydrologic model.
| r.transect | Outputs raster map layer values lying along user defined transect
line(s).
| r.univar | Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null cells of a raster
map.
| r.univar.sh | calculates univariate statistics from a GRASS raster map
| r.unpack | Unpacks a raster map packed with r.pack.
| r.volume | Calculates the volume of data "clumps", and (optionally) produces a
GRASS vector points map containing the calculated centroids of these clumps.
| r.walk | Outputs a raster map layer showing the anisotropic cumulative cost of
moving between different geographic locations on an input elevation raster map layer whose
cell category values represent elevation combined with an input raster map layer whose
cell values represent friction cost.
| r.water.outlet | Watershed basin creation program.
| r.watershed | Watershed basin analysis program.
| r.what.color | Queries colors for a raster map layer.
| r.what | Queries raster map layers on their category values and category labels.
r3.* commands:
| r3.cross.rast | Creates cross section 2D raster map from 3D raster map based on
2D elevation map.
| r3.gwflow | Calculates numerically transient, confined groundwater flow in three
dimensions.
| r3.in.ascii | Converts a 3D ASCII raster text file into a (binary) 3D raster map
layer.
| r3.in.v5d | Imports 3-dimensional Vis5D files (i.e. the V5D file with 1 variable
and 1 time step).
| r3.info | Outputs basic information about a user-specified 3D raster map
layer.
| r3.mapcalc | 3D raster map calculator.
| r3.mapcalculator | Calculates new grid3D volume from r3.mapcalc expression.
| r3.mask | Establishes the current working 3D raster mask.
| r3.mkdspf | Creates a display file from an existing grid3 file according to
specified threshold levels.
| r3.null | Explicitly create the 3D NULL-value bitmap file.
| r3.out.ascii | Converts a 3D raster map layer into an ASCII text file.
| r3.out.v5d | Exports GRASS 3D raster map to 3-dimensional Vis5D file.
| r3.out.vtk | Converts 3D raster maps into the VTK-ASCII format.
| r3.stats | Generates volume statistics for 3D raster maps.
| r3.timestamp | Print/add/remove a timestamp for a 3D raster map
| r3.to.rast | Converts 3D raster maps to 2D raster maps
| r3.univar | Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null 3d cells of a
raster3d map.
v.* commands:
| v.buffer | Creates a buffer around features of given type (areas must contain
centroid).
| v.build.all | Rebuilds topology on all vector maps in the current mapset.
| v.build | Creates topology for GRASS vector map.
| v.build.polylines | Builds polylines from lines or boundaries.
| v.category | Attach, delete or report vector categories to map geometry.
| v.centroids | Adds missing centroids to closed boundaries.
| v.class | Classifies attribute data, e.g. for thematic mapping
| v.clean | Toolset for cleaning topology of vector map.
| v.colors | Set color rules for features in a vector using a numeric attribute
column.
| v.convert.all | Converts all older versions of GRASS vector maps in current
mapset to current format.
| v.convert | Imports older versions of GRASS vector maps.
| v.db.addcol | Adds one or more columns to the attribute table connected to a given
vector map.
| v.db.addtable | Creates and connects a new attribute table to a given layer of
an existing vector map.
| v.db.connect | Prints/sets DB connection for a vector map to attribute table.
| v.db.dropcol | Drops a column from the attribute table connected to a given
vector map.
| v.db.droptable | Removes existing attribute table of a vector map.
| v.db.join | Joins a database table to a vector map table.
| v.db.reconnect.all | Reconnects vectors to a new database.
| v.db.renamecol | Renames a column in the attribute table connected to a given
vector map.
| v.db.select | Prints vector map attributes.
| v.db.univar | Calculates univariate statistics on selected table column for a
GRASS vector map.
| v.db.update | Updates a column in the attribute table connected to a vector map.
| v.delaunay | Creates a Delaunay triangulation from an input vector map containing
points or centroids.
| v.digit | Interactive editing and digitization of vector maps.
| v.dissolve | Dissolves boundaries between adjacent areas sharing a common
category number or attribute.
| v.distance | Finds the nearest element in vector map 'to' for elements in vector
map 'from'.
| v.drape | Converts vector map to 3D by sampling of elevation raster map.
| v.edit | Edits a vector map, allows adding, deleting and modifying selected vector
features.
| v.external | Creates a new vector as a read-only link to OGR layer.
| v.extract | Selects vector objects from an existing vector map and creates a new
map containing only the selected objects.
| v.extrude | Extrudes flat vector object to 3D with defined height.
| v.generalize | Vector based generalization.
| v.hull | Produces a convex hull for a given vector map.
| v.in.ascii | Creates a vector map from ASCII points file or ASCII vector file.
| v.in.db | Creates new vector (points) map from database table containing
coordinates.
| v.in.dxf | Converts files in DXF format to GRASS vector map format.
| v.in.e00 | Import E00 file into a vector map.
| v.in.garmin | Download waypoints, routes, and tracks from a Garmin GPS receiver
into a vector map.
| v.in.geonames | Imports geonames.org country files into a GRASS vector points
map.
| v.in.gns | Imports US-NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS) country files into a GRASS
vector points map.
| v.in.gpsbabel | Import waypoints, routes, and tracks from a GPS receiver or GPS
download file into a vector map.
| v.in.lines | Import ASCII x,y[,z] coordinates as a series of lines.
| v.in.mapgen | Imports Mapgen or Matlab-ASCII vector maps into GRASS.
| v.in.ogr | Convert OGR vector layers to GRASS vector map.
| v.in.region | Creates a vector polygon from the current region extent.
| v.in.sites.all | Converts all old GRASS < Ver5.7 sites maps in current mapset to
vector maps.
| v.in.sites | Converts a GRASS site_lists file into a vector map.
| v.in.wfs | Import GetFeature from WFS
| v.info | Outputs basic information about a user-specified vector map.
| v.kcv | Randomly partition points into test/train sets.
| v.kernel | Generates a raster density map from vector point data using a moving
kernel or optionally generates a vector density map on a vector network.
| v.label | Creates paint labels for a vector map from attached attributes.
| v.label.sa | Create optimally placed labels for vector map(s)
| v.lidar.correction | Correction of the v.lidar.growing output. It is the last
of the three algorithms for LIDAR filtering.
| v.lidar.edgedetection | Detects the object's edges from a LIDAR data set.
| v.lidar.growing | Building contour determination and Region Growing algorithm for
determining the building inside
| v.lrs.create | Creates Linear Reference System
| v.lrs.label | Creates stationing from input lines, and linear reference system
| v.lrs.segment | Creates points/segments from input lines, linear reference
system and positions read from stdin or a file.
| v.lrs.where | Finds line id and real km+offset for given points in vector map
using linear reference system.
| v.mkgrid | Creates a GRASS vector map of a user-defined grid.
| v.neighbors | Makes each cell value a function of the attribute values assigned to
the vector points or centroids around it, and stores new cell values in an output raster
map layer.
| v.net.alloc | Allocate subnets for nearest centres (direction from centre).
| v.net.allpairs | Computes the shortest path between all pairs of nodes in the
network.
| v.net.bridge | Computes bridges and articulation points in the network.
| v.net.centrality | Computes degree, centrality, betweeness, closeness and
eigenvector centrality measures in the network.
| v.net.components | Computes strongly and weakly connected components in the
network.
| v.net.connectivity | Computes vertex connectivity between two sets of nodes in
the network.
| v.net.distance | Computes shortest distance via the network between the given
sets of features.
| v.net.flow | Computes the maximum flow between two sets of nodes in the network.
| v.net | Performs network maintenance.
| v.net.iso | Splits net by cost isolines.
| v.net.path | Finds shortest path on vector network.
| v.net.salesman | Creates a cycle connecting given nodes (Traveling salesman
problem).
| v.net.spanningtree | Computes minimum spanning tree for the network.
| v.net.steiner | Create Steiner tree for the network and given terminals
| v.net.timetable | Finds shortest path using timetables.
| v.net.visibility | Visibility graph construction.
| v.normal | Tests for normality for points.
| v.out.ascii | Converts a GRASS binary vector map to a GRASS ASCII vector map.
| v.out.dxf | Exports GRASS vector map layers to DXF file format.
| v.out.gpsbabel | Exports a vector map to a GPS receiver or file format supported
by GpsBabel.
| v.out.ogr | Converts GRASS vector map to one of the supported OGR vector
formats.
| v.out.pov | Converts to POV-Ray format, GRASS x,y,z -> POV-Ray x,z,y
| v.out.svg | Exports a GRASS vector map to SVG.
| v.out.vtk | Converts a GRASS binary vector map to VTK ASCII output.
| v.outlier | Removes outliers from vector point data.
| v.overlay | Overlays two vector maps.
| v.parallel | Creates parallel line to input vector lines.
| v.patch | Create a new vector map layer by combining other vector map layers.
| v.perturb | Random location perturbations of GRASS vector points
| v.proj | Re-projects a vector map from one location to the current location.
| v.qcount | Indices for quadrat counts of sites lists.
| v.random | Randomly generate a 2D/3D vector points map.
| v.rast.stats | Calculates univariate statistics from a raster map based on
vector polygons and uploads statistics to new attribute columns.
| v.reclass | Changes vector category values for an existing vector map according
to results of SQL queries or a value in attribute table column.
| v.report | Reports geometry statistics for vectors.
| v.sample | Samples a raster map at vector point locations.
| v.segment | Creates points/segments from input vector lines and positions.
| v.select | Selects features from vector map (A) by features from other vector
map (B).
| v.split | Split lines to shorter segments.
| v.support | Updates vector map metadata.
| v.surf.bspline | Bicubic or bilinear spline interpolation with Tykhonov
regularization.
| v.surf.idw | Surface interpolation from vector point data by Inverse Distance
Squared Weighting.
| v.surf.rst | Spatial approximation and topographic analysis from given point or
isoline data in vector format to floating point raster format using regularized spline
with tension.
| v.to.3d | Performs transformation of 2D vector features to 3D.
| v.to.db | Populates database values from vector features.
| v.to.points | Create points along input lines in new vector with 2 layers.
| v.to.rast | Converts (rasterize) a vector map into a raster map.
| v.to.rast3 | Converts a binary GRASS vector map (only points) layer into a 3D
GRASS raster map layer.
| v.transform | Performs an affine transformation (shift, scale and rotate, or GPCs)
on vector map.
| v.type | Change the type of geometry elements.
| v.univar | Calculates univariate statistics for attribute. Variance and
standard deviation is calculated only for points if specified.
| v.univar.sh | Calculates univariate statistics on selected table column for a
GRASS vector map.
| v.vect.stats | Count points in areas, calculate statistics.
| v.vol.rst | Interpolates point data to a 3D raster map using regularized spline
with tension (RST) algorithm.
| v.voronoi | Creates a Voronoi diagram from an input vector map containing points
or centroids.
| v.what | Queries a vector map layer at given locations.
| v.what.rast | Uploads raster values at positions of vector points to the table.
| v.what.vect | Uploads vector values at positions of vector points to the table.
Full Index
© 2003-2013 GRASS Development Team, GRASS GIS 6.4.3 Reference Manual