Provided by: ogmtools_1.5-3ubuntu1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ogmmerge - Merge multimedia streams into an OGG/OGM file

SYNOPSIS

       ogmmerge [global options] -o out [options] <file1> [[options] <file2> ...]

DESCRIPTION

       This program takes the input from several media files and joins their streams (all of them
       or just a selection) into an OGM.  It was formerly known as 'oggmerge' and is based on the
       'oggmerge'     CVS     module    from    Xiph's    repository    (<http://www.xiph.org/>).
       ⟨http://www.xiph.org/⟩

       Global options:

       -v, --verbose
              Increase verbosity.

       -q, --quiet
              Suppress status output.

       -o, --output out
              Write to the file 'out'.

       Options that can be used for each input file:

       -a, --astreams <n,m,...>
              Copy the n'th audio stream, NOT the stream with the serial no.  n.   Default:  copy
              all audio streams.

       -d, --vstreams <n,m,...>
              Copy  the  n'th  video stream, NOT the stream with the serial no. n.  Default: copy
              all video streams.

       -t, --tstreams <n,m,...>
              Copy the n'th text stream, NOT the stream with the serial no. n.  Default: copy all
              text streams.

       -A, --noaudio
              Don't copy any audio stream from this file.

       -D, --novideo
              Don't copy any video stream from this file.

       -T, --notext
              Don't copy any text stream from this file.

       -s, --sync <d[,o[/p]]>
              Synchronize manually, delay the audio stream by d ms.
              d > 0: Pad with silent samples.
              d < 0: Remove samples from the beginning.
              o/p:  adjust  the  timestamps  by  o/p  to fix linear drifts. p defaults to 1000 if
              omitted. Both o and p can be floating point numbers.
              Defaults: no manual synch correction (which is the same as d = 0 and o/p = 1.0).

       -r, --range <start-end>
              Only process from start to  end.  Both  values  take  the  form  'HH:MM:SS.mmm'  or
              'SS.mmm',  e.g.  '00:01:00.500' or '60.500'. If one of start or end is omitted then
              it defaults to 0 or to end of the file respectively.
              If you want to  split  a  file  into  smaller  ones  I  strongly  suggest  you  use
              ogmsplit(1) as it can do a much better job than using the -r option.

       -c, --comment 'A=B#C=D' or '@filename'
              Set   additional  comment  fields  for  the  streams.  Sensitive  values  would  be
              'LANGUAGE=English' or 'TITLE=Ally McBeal'. If the parameter starts  with  '@'  then
              the  comments  will be read from a file with the same name without the leading '@'.
              -c can be specified multiple times per file. The comments will all be concatenated.

       -f, --fourcc <FourCC>
              Forces the FourCC to the specified value. Works only for video streams.  Note  that
              you  cannot  simply  use a hex editor and change the FourCC by hand as the OGG file
              format uses checksums which would be wrong after such a change.

       --omit-empty-packets
              Normally, when a subtitle entry should be removed, an empty packet is  created  and
              inserted  with  the appropriate timestamp. With this option these empty packets are
              omitted completely.

       --old-headers
              Assume that the input file has been created with an older version of ogmmerge  (  <
              1.1). This may be needed if ogmmerge cannot read such a file correctly.

       --nav-seek <filename>
              Use an external AVI index file as generated by aviindex from the transcode package.
              Can be used if an AVI file has a broken index.

       Other options:

       -l, --list-types
              List supported input file types.

       -h, --help
              Show usage information.

       -V, --version
              Show version information.

USAGE

       For each file the user can select which tracks ogmmerge should take.   They  are  all  put
       into  the  file specified with '-o'. A list of known (and supported) source formats can be
       obtained with the '-l' option.

EXAMPLES

       Let's assume you have a file called MyMovie.avi and the audio track in  a  separate  file,
       e.g. MyMovie.wav. First you want to encode the audio to OGG:

       $ oggenc -q4 -oMyMovie.ogg MyMovie.wav

       After a couple of minutes you can join video and audio:

       $ ogmmerge -o MyMovie-with-sound.ogm MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg

       If  your  AVI  already contains an audio track then it will be copied as well (if ogmmerge
       supports the audio format). To avoid that simply do

       $ ogmmerge -o MyMovie-with-sound.ogm -A MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg

       After some minutes of consideration you rip another  audio  track,  e.g.   the  director's
       comments  or  another  language  to MyMovie-add-audio.wav.  Encode it again and join it up
       with the other file:

       $ oggenc -q4 -oMyMovie-add-audio.ogg MyMovie-add-audio.wav
       $ ogmmerge -o MM-complete.ogm MyMovie-with-sound.ogm MyMovie-add-audio.ogg

       The same result can be achieved with

       $ ogmmerge -o MM-complete.ogm -A MyMovie.avi MyMovie.ogg \
         MyMovie-add-audio.ogg

       Now fire up mplayer and enjoy. If you have multiple audio tracks (or  even  video  tracks)
       then you can tell mplayer which track to play with the '-vid' and '-aid' parameters. These
       are 0-based and do not distinguish between video and audio.

       If you need an audio track synchronized you can do that easily with

       $ ogmmerge -o goodsync.ogm -A source.avi -s 200 outofsync.ogg

       This would add 200ms  of  silence  at  the  beginning  of  the  audio  tracks  taken  from
       outofsync.ogg.  And -s always applies to all audio tracks in a source file. If you want to
       apply -s only to a specific track then take the same source file more than once and add -a
       and -s accordingly.

       Some  movies start synced correctly but slowly drift out of sync. For these kind of movies
       you can specify a delay factor that is applied to all timestamps - no  data  is  added  or
       removed.  So  if  you  make  that  factor  too big or too small you'll get bad results. An
       example is that an episode I transcoded was 0.2 seconds out of sync  at  the  end  of  the
       movie which was 77340 frames long. At 29.97fps 0.2 seconds correspond to approx. 6 frames.
       So I did

       $ ogmmerge -o goodsync.ogm -s 0,77346/77340 outofsync.ogm

       The result was fine.

       The sync options can also be used for subtitles in the same manner.

       For text subtitles you can either use some Windows software (like SubRipper) or the subrip
       package found in transcode(1)'s sources (in contrib/subrip). The general process is:

       1.     extract a raw subtitle stream from the source:
              $ tccat -i /path/to/copied/dvd/ -T 1 -L | \
                  tcextract -x ps1 -t vob -a 0x20 | \
                  subtitle2pgm -o mymovie

       2.     convert the resulting PGM images to text with gocr:
              $ pgm2txt mymovie

       3.     spell-check the resulting text files:
              $ ispell -d american *txt

       4.     convert the text files to a SRT file:
              $ srttool -s -w -i mymovie.srtx -o mymovie.srt

       The resulting file can be used as another input file for ogmmerge:

       $ ogmmerge -o mymovie.ogm -c 'TITLE=My Movie' mymovie.avi \
           -c LANGUAGE=English mymovie.ogg -c LANGUAGE=English mymovie.srt

FILE SIZE

       Using  OGG as the container format introduces overhead - each OGG packet has a header, and
       each OGG packet can span one or more  OGG  pages,  which  itself  again  contain  headers.
       Several  tests  show  that  the  overhead  is  bigger  than the overhead introduced by AVI
       (comparing video only files and files with video and MP3 audio).

       The overhead is defined as file size - raw stream size.  mencoder prints  the  raw  stream
       size after encoding, so you'll be able to get that information rather easily.

       Most  of the times you want to calculate the overhead prior to encoding in order to adjust
       the bitrate accordingly. Unfortunately the overhead per frame is not constant -  only  the
       percentage is constant. This percentage is calculated as 100 * (OGG size - raw size) / raw
       size and seems to be somewhere between 1.1% and  1.2%.  This  depends  on  the  number  of
       streams and the stream types used.

       The raw size itself can be approximated by
                    frames * vbitrate
       raw size = ( -----------------  + length * abitrate ) / 8 * 1000 * 1024
                     frames per sec
       assuming  that vbitrate and abitrate are given in kbit/s = 1000 bit/s, and length is given
       in seconds.

NOTES

       What works:

       *      AVI as the video and audio source (currently  only  raw  PCM,  MP3  and  AC3  audio
              tracks)

       *      OGG  as  the  source for video, audio (Vorbis, raw PCM, MP3 and AC3 audio) and text
              streams (subtitles).

       *      WAV as the audio source

       *      MP3 audio files

       *      AC3 audio files

       *      Track selection

       *      Manual audio synchronization by adding silence/removing packets  for  Vorbis  audio
              and for text streams by adjusting the starting point and duration.

       *      Manual  audio synchronization for AC3 and MP3 audio by duplicating/removing packets
              at the beginning.

       *      Adding user comments to  the  mandatory  comment  headers  (only  the  headers  are
              mandatory. Comments themselves are not mandatory.)

       *      Text  subtitles  can  be  read  from SRT (SubRipper / subrip) and MicroDVD files or
              taken from other OGM files.

       *      PCM, AC3 and MP3 audio work well under Windows and with MPlayer now.

       *      Chapter information as generated by dvdxchap are supported.

       What not works:

       *      Manual audio synchronization for PCM sound (who needs it anyway?)

       Planned functionality:

       *      support for other subtitle formats

CHAPTERS

       ogmmerge supports chapter information as generated by dvdxchap(1).   The  format  is  very
       simple:

       CHAPTER01=HH:MM:SS.sss
       CHAPTER01NAME=the first chapter
       CHAPTER02=HH:MM:SS.sss
       CHAPTER02NAME=another chapter

       with HH = hour, MM = minute, SS = seconds, sss = milliseconds.

       The chapter information is stored in the video stream's comments. Therefore you could also
       specify the chapters with -c CHAPTER01=... Using a chapter file has an advantage:  If  the
       video  stream's comments already contain chapter information and the command line contains
       a chapter information file then  the  existing  chapter  information  will  be  completely
       replaced.

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

       This section is not needed by the average user.

       ogmmerge consists of three parts:

       *      Demultiplexers  (called readers) open and read input files specified on the command
              line and extract specific tracks.

       *      Packetizers (or output modules) take data from a demultiplexer and encapsulate them
              into OGG pages. These are stored in queues.

       *      The  main  program requests from every known demultiplexer that it should read some
              data. It then gets the OGG page with the smallest timestamp from all the packetizer
              queues. This page is written to the output file.

       The  general  class  definitions  for  the  readers  and  the  packetizers can be found in
       ogmmerge.h.

       The main loop expects that the queues managed by the demuxer's packetizers are filled with
       at  least  one  page  after a call to the demuxer's read() function. The demuxer must make
       sure that enough data is passed to each of its associated  packetizers.  Have  a  look  at
       r_ogm.cpp.

       A possible setup might look like this:

                               +->  p_video
                  +->  r_avi  -+
                  |            +->  p_pcm
                  |
       ogmmerge  -+->  r_ogm  --->  p_vorbis
                  |
                  |            +->  p_video
                  |            |
                  +->  r_ogm  -+->  p_vorbis
                               |
                               +->  p_vorbis

       One  AVI  source  with a video and an audio track, one OGG/OGM source with only one Vorbis
       track, another OGG/OGM source with a video and two Vorbis tracks.

AUTHOR

       ogmmerge was written by Moritz Bunkus <moritz@bunkus.org>.

SEE ALSO

       ogmdemux(1), ogmsplit(1), ogminfo(1), ogmcat(1), dvdxchap(1)

WWW

       The newest version can always  be  found  at  <http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/ogmtools/>
       ⟨http://www.bunkus.org/videotools/ogmtools/