Ubuntu Manpage: GRASS GIS is one of the few GIS software packages with volume data support. Here data are stored as a 3D

3d raster data (voxel) in grass gis

3D Raster data (voxel) in GRASS GIS

GRASS GIS is one of the few GIS software packages with volume data support. Here data are stored as a 3D
raster with a unit volume called a voxel (volume pixel). Voxels are designed to support representations
of trivariate continuous fields.

3D Raster (voxel) import
The module r3.in.ascii supports generic x,y,z import. Alternatively, voxels can be generated from 3D
point vector data (v.to.rast3). Always the full map is imported. Volumes can also be created based on
2D elevation map(s) and value raster map(s) (r.to.rast3elev). Alternatively, a volume can be composed of
several 2D raster map slices which are merged into one 3D raster volume map (r.to.rast3).

Voxel region settings and 3D MASK
GRASS 3D raster map processing is always performed in the current 3D region settings (see g.region, -p3
flags), i.e. the current region extent, vertical extent and current 3D resolution are used. If the 3D
resolution differs from that of the input raster map(s), on-the-fly resampling is performed (nearest
neighbor resampling). If this is not desired, the input map(s) has/have to be reinterpolated beforehand
with one of the dedicated modules. Masks can be set (r3.mask).

Voxel operations
Powerful 3D map algebra is implemented in r3.mapcalc. A 3D groundwater flow model is implemented in
r3.gwflow.

Voxel conversion to vector or 2D raster maps
3D vector point data can be converted to a GRASS 3D raster map (v.to.rast3). Layers from a 3D raster map
can be converted to a 2D raster map (r3.to.rast). Cross sectional 2D raster map can be extracted from 3D
raster map based on a 2D elevation map (r3.cross.rast).

Voxel statistics
Volume statistics can be calculated with r3.stats and r3.univar.

Voxel interpolation
From 3D vector points, GRASS 3D raster maps can be interpolated (v.vol.rst). Results are volumes, or 2D
raster maps can be also extracted.

Voxel export
GRASS 3D raster maps can be exported to VTK (r3.out.vtk). VTK files can be visualized with the VTK
Toolkit, Paraview and MayaVi. GRASS 2D raster maps can be exported to VTK with r.out.vtk, GRASS vector
maps can be exported to VTK with v.out.vtk.

Alternatively, GRASS 3D raster maps can be imported and exported from/to Vis5D (r3.out.v5d). Note that
Vis5D is limited in the number of supported voxels.

Finally, export to 3D ASCII is also available (r3.out.ascii).

See also
Introduction to GRASS raster map processing

full index