Provided by: tmux_1.8-5_amd64 bug

NAME

     tmux — terminal multiplexer

SYNOPSIS

     tmux [-28lCquvV] [-c shell-command] [-f file] [-L socket-name] [-S socket-path]
          [command [flags]]

DESCRIPTION

     tmux is a terminal multiplexer: it enables a number of terminals to be created, accessed,
     and controlled from a single screen.  tmux may be detached from a screen and continue
     running in the background, then later reattached.

     When tmux is started it creates a new session with a single window and displays it on
     screen.  A status line at the bottom of the screen shows information on the current session
     and is used to enter interactive commands.

     A session is a single collection of pseudo terminals under the management of tmux.  Each
     session has one or more windows linked to it.  A window occupies the entire screen and may
     be split into rectangular panes, each of which is a separate pseudo terminal (the pty(4)
     manual page documents the technical details of pseudo terminals).  Any number of tmux
     instances may connect to the same session, and any number of windows may be present in the
     same session.  Once all sessions are killed, tmux exits.

     Each session is persistent and will survive accidental disconnection (such as ssh(1)
     connection timeout) or intentional detaching (with the ‘C-b d’ key strokes).  tmux may be
     reattached using:

           $ tmux attach

     In tmux, a session is displayed on screen by a client and all sessions are managed by a
     single server.  The server and each client are separate processes which communicate through
     a socket in /tmp.

     The options are as follows:

     -2            Force tmux to assume the terminal supports 256 colours.

     -8            Like -2, but indicates that the terminal supports 88 colours.

     -C            Start in control mode.  Given twice (-CC) disables echo.

     -c shell-command
                   Execute shell-command using the default shell.  If necessary, the tmux server
                   will be started to retrieve the default-shell option.  This option is for
                   compatibility with sh(1) when tmux is used as a login shell.

     -f file       Specify an alternative configuration file.  By default, tmux loads the system
                   configuration file from /etc/tmux.conf, if present, then looks for a user
                   configuration file at ~/.tmux.conf.

                   The configuration file is a set of tmux commands which are executed in
                   sequence when the server is first started.  tmux loads configuration files
                   once when the server process has started.  The source-file command may be used
                   to load a file later.

                   tmux shows any error messages from commands in configuration files in the
                   first session created, and continues to process the rest of the configuration
                   file.

     -L socket-name
                   tmux stores the server socket in a directory under /tmp (or TMPDIR if set);
                   the default socket is named default.  This option allows a different socket
                   name to be specified, allowing several independent tmux servers to be run.
                   Unlike -S a full path is not necessary: the sockets are all created in the
                   same directory.

                   If the socket is accidentally removed, the SIGUSR1 signal may be sent to the
                   tmux server process to recreate it.

     -l            Behave as a login shell.  This flag currently has no effect and is for
                   compatibility with other shells when using tmux as a login shell.

     -q            Set the quiet server option to prevent the server sending various
                   informational messages.

     -S socket-path
                   Specify a full alternative path to the server socket.  If -S is specified, the
                   default socket directory is not used and any -L flag is ignored.

     -u            tmux attempts to guess if the terminal is likely to support UTF-8 by checking
                   the first of the LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE and LANG environment variables to be set for
                   the string "UTF-8".  This is not always correct: the -u flag explicitly
                   informs tmux that UTF-8 is supported.

                   If the server is started from a client passed -u or where UTF-8 is detected,
                   the utf8 and status-utf8 options are enabled in the global window and session
                   options respectively.

     -v            Request verbose logging.  This option may be specified multiple times for
                   increasing verbosity.  Log messages will be saved into tmux-client-PID.log and
                   tmux-server-PID.log files in the current directory, where PID is the PID of
                   the server or client process.

     -V            Report the tmux version.

     command [flags]
                   This specifies one of a set of commands used to control tmux, as described in
                   the following sections.  If no commands are specified, the new-session command
                   is assumed.

KEY BINDINGS

     tmux may be controlled from an attached client by using a key combination of a prefix key,
     ‘C-b’ (Ctrl-b) by default, followed by a command key.

     The default command key bindings are:

           C-b         Send the prefix key (C-b) through to the application.
           C-o         Rotate the panes in the current window forwards.
           C-z         Suspend the tmux client.
           !           Break the current pane out of the window.
           "           Split the current pane into two, top and bottom.
           #           List all paste buffers.
           $           Rename the current session.
           %           Split the current pane into two, left and right.
           &           Kill the current window.
           '           Prompt for a window index to select.
           ,           Rename the current window.
           -           Delete the most recently copied buffer of text.
           .           Prompt for an index to move the current window.
           0 to 9      Select windows 0 to 9.
           :           Enter the tmux command prompt.
           ;           Move to the previously active pane.
           =           Choose which buffer to paste interactively from a list.
           ?           List all key bindings.
           D           Choose a client to detach.
           [           Enter copy mode to copy text or view the history.
           ]           Paste the most recently copied buffer of text.
           c           Create a new window.
           d           Detach the current client.
           f           Prompt to search for text in open windows.
           i           Display some information about the current window.
           l           Move to the previously selected window.
           n           Change to the next window.
           o           Select the next pane in the current window.
           p           Change to the previous window.
           q           Briefly display pane indexes.
           r           Force redraw of the attached client.
           s           Select a new session for the attached client interactively.
           L           Switch the attached client back to the last session.
           t           Show the time.
           w           Choose the current window interactively.
           x           Kill the current pane.
           {           Swap the current pane with the previous pane.
           }           Swap the current pane with the next pane.
           ~           Show previous messages from tmux, if any.
           Page Up     Enter copy mode and scroll one page up.
           Up, Down
           Left, Right
                       Change to the pane above, below, to the left, or to the right of the
                       current pane.
           M-1 to M-5  Arrange panes in one of the five preset layouts: even-horizontal, even-
                       vertical, main-horizontal, main-vertical, or tiled.
           M-n         Move to the next window with a bell or activity marker.
           M-o         Rotate the panes in the current window backwards.
           M-p         Move to the previous window with a bell or activity marker.
           C-Up, C-Down
           C-Left, C-Right
                       Resize the current pane in steps of one cell.
           M-Up, M-Down
           M-Left, M-Right
                       Resize the current pane in steps of five cells.

     Key bindings may be changed with the bind-key and unbind-key commands.

COMMANDS

     This section contains a list of the commands supported by tmux.  Most commands accept the
     optional -t argument with one of target-client, target-session target-window, or
     target-pane.  These specify the client, session, window or pane which a command should
     affect.  target-client is the name of the pty(4) file to which the client is connected, for
     example either of /dev/ttyp1 or ttyp1 for the client attached to /dev/ttyp1.  If no client
     is specified, the current client is chosen, if possible, or an error is reported.  Clients
     may be listed with the list-clients command.

     target-session is the session id prefixed with a $, the name of a session (as listed by the
     list-sessions command), or the name of a client with the same syntax as target-client, in
     which case the session attached to the client is used.  When looking for the session name,
     tmux initially searches for an exact match; if none is found, the session names are checked
     for any for which target-session is a prefix or for which it matches as an fnmatch(3)
     pattern.  If a single match is found, it is used as the target session; multiple matches
     produce an error.  If a session is omitted, the current session is used if available; if no
     current session is available, the most recently used is chosen.

     target-window specifies a window in the form session:window.  session follows the same rules
     as for target-session, and window is looked for in order: as a window index, for example
     mysession:1; as a window ID, such as @1; as an exact window name, such as
     mysession:mywindow; then as an fnmatch(3) pattern or the start of a window name, such as
     mysession:mywin* or mysession:mywin.  An empty window name specifies the next unused index
     if appropriate (for example the new-window and link-window commands) otherwise the current
     window in session is chosen.  The special character ‘!’ uses the last (previously current)
     window, ‘^’ selects the highest numbered window, ‘$’ selects the lowest numbered window, and
     ‘+’ and ‘-’ select the next window or the previous window by number.  When the argument does
     not contain a colon, tmux first attempts to parse it as window; if that fails, an attempt is
     made to match a session.

     target-pane takes a similar form to target-window but with the optional addition of a period
     followed by a pane index, for example: mysession:mywindow.1.  If the pane index is omitted,
     the currently active pane in the specified window is used.  If neither a colon nor period
     appears, tmux first attempts to use the argument as a pane index; if that fails, it is
     looked up as for target-window.  A ‘+’ or ‘-’ indicate the next or previous pane index,
     respectively.  One of the strings top, bottom, left, right, top-left, top-right, bottom-left
     or bottom-right may be used instead of a pane index.

     The special characters ‘+’ and ‘-’ may be followed by an offset, for example:

           select-window -t:+2

     When dealing with a session that doesn't contain sequential window indexes, they will be
     correctly skipped.

     tmux also gives each pane created in a server an identifier consisting of a ‘%’ and a
     number, starting from zero.  A pane's identifier is unique for the life of the tmux server
     and is passed to the child process of the pane in the TMUX_PANE environment variable.  It
     may be used alone to target a pane or the window containing it.

     shell-command arguments are sh(1) commands.  These must be passed as a single item, which
     typically means quoting them, for example:

           new-window 'vi /etc/passwd'

     command [arguments] refers to a tmux command, passed with the command and arguments
     separately, for example:

           bind-key F1 set-window-option force-width 81

     Or if using sh(1):

           $ tmux bind-key F1 set-window-option force-width 81

     Multiple commands may be specified together as part of a command sequence.  Each command
     should be separated by spaces and a semicolon; commands are executed sequentially from left
     to right and lines ending with a backslash continue on to the next line, except when escaped
     by another backslash.  A literal semicolon may be included by escaping it with a backslash
     (for example, when specifying a command sequence to bind-key).

     Example tmux commands include:

           refresh-client -t/dev/ttyp2

           rename-session -tfirst newname

           set-window-option -t:0 monitor-activity on

           new-window ; split-window -d

           bind-key R source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; \
                   display-message "source-file done"

     Or from sh(1):

           $ tmux kill-window -t :1

           $ tmux new-window \; split-window -d

           $ tmux new-session -d 'vi /etc/passwd' \; split-window -d \; attach

CLIENTS AND SESSIONS

     The tmux server manages clients, sessions, windows and panes.  Clients are attached to
     sessions to interact with them, either when they are created with the new-session command,
     or later with the attach-session command.  Each session has one or more windows linked into
     it.  Windows may be linked to multiple sessions and are made up of one or more panes, each
     of which contains a pseudo terminal.  Commands for creating, linking and otherwise
     manipulating windows are covered in the WINDOWS AND PANES section.

     The following commands are available to manage clients and sessions:

     attach-session [-dr] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: attach)
             If run from outside tmux, create a new client in the current terminal and attach it
             to target-session.  If used from inside, switch the current client.  If -d is
             specified, any other clients attached to the session are detached.  -r signifies the
             client is read-only (only keys bound to the detach-client or switch-client commands
             have any effect)

             If no server is started, attach-session will attempt to start it; this will fail
             unless sessions are created in the configuration file.

             The target-session rules for attach-session are slightly adjusted: if tmux needs to
             select the most recently used session, it will prefer the most recently used
             unattached session.

     detach-client [-P] [-a] [-s target-session] [-t target-client]
                   (alias: detach)
             Detach the current client if bound to a key, the client specified with -t, or all
             clients currently attached to the session specified by -s.  The -a option kills all
             but the client given with -t.  If -P is given, send SIGHUP to the parent process of
             the client, typically causing it to exit.

     has-session [-t target-session]
                   (alias: has)
             Report an error and exit with 1 if the specified session does not exist.  If it does
             exist, exit with 0.

     kill-server
             Kill the tmux server and clients and destroy all sessions.

     kill-session
             [-a] [-t target-session] Destroy the given session, closing any windows linked to it
             and no other sessions, and detaching all clients attached to it.  If -a is given,
             all sessions but the specified one is killed.

     list-clients [-F format] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: lsc)
             List all clients attached to the server.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the
             FORMATS section.  If target-session is specified, list only clients connected to
             that session.

     list-commands
                   (alias: lscm)
             List the syntax of all commands supported by tmux.

     list-sessions [-F format]
                   (alias: ls)
             List all sessions managed by the server.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the
             FORMATS section.

     lock-client [-t target-client]
                   (alias: lockc)
             Lock target-client, see the lock-server command.

     lock-session [-t target-session]
                   (alias: locks)
             Lock all clients attached to target-session.

     new-session [-AdDP] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-s session-name] [-t target-session] [-x
             width] [-y height] [shell-command]
                   (alias: new)
             Create a new session with name session-name.

             The new session is attached to the current terminal unless -d is given.  window-name
             and shell-command are the name of and shell command to execute in the initial
             window.  If -d is used, -x and -y specify the size of the initial window (80 by 24
             if not given).

             If run from a terminal, any termios(4) special characters are saved and used for new
             windows in the new session.

             The -A flag makes new-session behave like attach-session if session-name already
             exists; in the case, -D behaves like -d to attach-session.

             If -t is given, the new session is grouped with target-session.  This means they
             share the same set of windows - all windows from target-session are linked to the
             new session and any subsequent new windows or windows being closed are applied to
             both sessions.  The current and previous window and any session options remain
             independent and either session may be killed without affecting the other.  Giving -n
             or shell-command are invalid if -t is used.

             The -P option prints information about the new session after it has been created.
             By default, it uses the format ‘#{session_name}:’ but a different format may be
             specified with -F.

     refresh-client [-S] [-t target-client]
                   (alias: refresh)
             Refresh the current client if bound to a key, or a single client if one is given
             with -t.  If -S is specified, only update the client's status bar.

     rename-session [-t target-session] new-name
                   (alias: rename)
             Rename the session to new-name.

     show-messages [-t target-client]
                   (alias: showmsgs)
             Any messages displayed on the status line are saved in a per-client message log, up
             to a maximum of the limit set by the message-limit session option for the session
             attached to that client.  This command displays the log for target-client.

     source-file path
                   (alias: source)
             Execute commands from path.

     start-server
                   (alias: start)
             Start the tmux server, if not already running, without creating any sessions.

     suspend-client [-t target-client]
                   (alias: suspendc)
             Suspend a client by sending SIGTSTP (tty stop).

     switch-client [-lnpr] [-c target-client] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: switchc)
             Switch the current session for client target-client to target-session.  If -l, -n or
             -p is used, the client is moved to the last, next or previous session respectively.
             -r toggles whether a client is read-only (see the attach-session command).

WINDOWS AND PANES

     A tmux window may be in one of several modes.  The default permits direct access to the
     terminal attached to the window.  The other is copy mode, which permits a section of a
     window or its history to be copied to a paste buffer for later insertion into another
     window.  This mode is entered with the copy-mode command, bound to ‘[’ by default.  It is
     also entered when a command that produces output, such as list-keys, is executed from a key
     binding.

     The keys available depend on whether emacs or vi mode is selected (see the mode-keys
     option).  The following keys are supported as appropriate for the mode:

           Function                     vi              emacs
           Back to indentation          ^               M-m
           Bottom of history            G               M-<
           Clear selection              Escape          C-g
           Copy selection               Enter           M-w
           Cursor down                  j               Down
           Cursor left                  h               Left
           Cursor right                 l               Right
           Cursor to bottom line        L
           Cursor to middle line        M               M-r
           Cursor to top line           H               M-R
           Cursor up                    k               Up
           Delete entire line           d               C-u
           Delete/Copy to end of line   D               C-k
           End of line                  $               C-e
           Go to line                   :               g
           Half page down               C-d             M-Down
           Half page up                 C-u             M-Up
           Jump forward                 f               f
           Jump to forward              t
           Jump backward                F               F
           Jump to backward             T
           Jump again                   ;               ;
           Jump again in reverse        ,               ,
           Next page                    C-f             Page down
           Next space                   W
           Next space, end of word      E
           Next word                    w
           Next word end                e               M-f
           Paste buffer                 p               C-y
           Previous page                C-b             Page up
           Previous word                b               M-b
           Previous space               B
           Quit mode                    q               Escape
           Rectangle toggle             v               R
           Scroll down                  C-Down or C-e   C-Down
           Scroll up                    C-Up or C-y     C-Up
           Search again                 n               n
           Search again in reverse      N               N
           Search backward              ?               C-r
           Search forward               /               C-s
           Start of line                0               C-a
           Start selection              Space           C-Space
           Top of history               g               M->
           Transpose characters                         C-t

     The next and previous word keys use space and the ‘-’, ‘_’ and ‘@’ characters as word
     delimiters by default, but this can be adjusted by setting the word-separators session
     option.  Next word moves to the start of the next word, next word end to the end of the next
     word and previous word to the start of the previous word.  The three next and previous space
     keys work similarly but use a space alone as the word separator.

     The jump commands enable quick movement within a line.  For instance, typing ‘f’ followed by
     ‘/’ will move the cursor to the next ‘/’ character on the current line.  A ‘;’ will then
     jump to the next occurrence.

     Commands in copy mode may be prefaced by an optional repeat count.  With vi key bindings, a
     prefix is entered using the number keys; with emacs, the Alt (meta) key and a number begins
     prefix entry.  For example, to move the cursor forward by ten words, use ‘M-1 0 M-f’ in
     emacs mode, and ‘10w’ in vi.

     When copying the selection, the repeat count indicates the buffer index to replace, if used.

     Mode key bindings are defined in a set of named tables: vi-edit and emacs-edit for keys used
     when line editing at the command prompt; vi-choice and emacs-choice for keys used when
     choosing from lists (such as produced by the choose-window command); and vi-copy and
     emacs-copy used in copy mode.  The tables may be viewed with the list-keys command and keys
     modified or removed with bind-key and unbind-key.  One command accepts an argument,
     copy-pipe, which copies the selection and pipes it to a command.  For example the following
     will bind ‘C-q’ to copy the selection into /tmp as well as the paste buffer:

           bind-key -temacs-copy C-q copy-pipe "cat >/tmp/out"

     The paste buffer key pastes the first line from the top paste buffer on the stack.

     The synopsis for the copy-mode command is:

     copy-mode [-u] [-t target-pane]
             Enter copy mode.  The -u option scrolls one page up.

     Each window displayed by tmux may be split into one or more panes; each pane takes up a
     certain area of the display and is a separate terminal.  A window may be split into panes
     using the split-window command.  Windows may be split horizontally (with the -h flag) or
     vertically.  Panes may be resized with the resize-pane command (bound to ‘C-up’, ‘C-down’
     ‘C-left’ and ‘C-right’ by default), the current pane may be changed with the select-pane
     command and the rotate-window and swap-pane commands may be used to swap panes without
     changing their position.  Panes are numbered beginning from zero in the order they are
     created.

     A number of preset layouts are available.  These may be selected with the select-layout
     command or cycled with next-layout (bound to ‘Space’ by default); once a layout is chosen,
     panes within it may be moved and resized as normal.

     The following layouts are supported:

     even-horizontal
             Panes are spread out evenly from left to right across the window.

     even-vertical
             Panes are spread evenly from top to bottom.

     main-horizontal
             A large (main) pane is shown at the top of the window and the remaining panes are
             spread from left to right in the leftover space at the bottom.  Use the
             main-pane-height window option to specify the height of the top pane.

     main-vertical
             Similar to main-horizontal but the large pane is placed on the left and the others
             spread from top to bottom along the right.  See the main-pane-width window option.

     tiled   Panes are spread out as evenly as possible over the window in both rows and columns.

     In addition, select-layout may be used to apply a previously used layout - the list-windows
     command displays the layout of each window in a form suitable for use with select-layout.
     For example:

           $ tmux list-windows
           0: ksh [159x48]
               layout: bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}
           $ tmux select-layout bb62,159x48,0,0{79x48,0,0,79x48,80,0}

     tmux automatically adjusts the size of the layout for the current window size.  Note that a
     layout cannot be applied to a window with more panes than that from which the layout was
     originally defined.

     Commands related to windows and panes are as follows:

     break-pane [-dP] [-F format] [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: breakp)
             Break target-pane off from its containing window to make it the only pane in a new
             window.  If -d is given, the new window does not become the current window.  The -P
             option prints information about the new window after it has been created.  By
             default, it uses the format ‘#{session_name}:#{window_index}’ but a different format
             may be specified with -F.

     capture-pane [-aepPq] [-b buffer-index] [-E end-line] [-S start-line] [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: capturep)
             Capture the contents of a pane.  If -p is given, the output goes to stdout,
             otherwise to the buffer specified with -b or a new buffer if omitted.  If -a is
             given, the alternate screen is used, and the history is not accessible.  If no
             alternate screen exists, an error will be returned unless -q is given.  If -e is
             given, the output includes escape sequences for text and background attributes.  -C
             also escapes non-printable characters as octal \xxx.  -J joins wrapped lines and
             preserves trailing spaces at each line's end.  -P captures only any output that the
             pane has received that is the beginning of an as-yet incomplete escape sequence.

             -S and -E specify the starting and ending line numbers, zero is the first line of
             the visible pane and negative numbers are lines in the history.  The default is to
             capture only the visible contents of the pane.

     choose-client [-F format] [-t target-window] [template]
             Put a window into client choice mode, allowing a client to be selected interactively
             from a list.  After a client is chosen, ‘%%’ is replaced by the client pty(4) path
             in template and the result executed as a command.  If template is not given,
             "detach-client -t '%%'" is used.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the FORMATS
             section.  This command works only if at least one client is attached.

     choose-list [-l items] [-t target-window] [template]
             Put a window into list choice mode, allowing items to be selected.  items can be a
             comma-separated list to display more than one item.  If an item has spaces, that
             entry must be quoted.  After an item is chosen, ‘%%’ is replaced by the chosen item
             in the template and the result is executed as a command.  If template is not given,
             "run-shell '%%'" is used.  items also accepts format specifiers.  For the meaning of
             this see the FORMATS section.  This command works only if at least one client is
             attached.

     choose-session [-F format] [-t target-window] [template]
             Put a window into session choice mode, where a session may be selected interactively
             from a list.  When one is chosen, ‘%%’ is replaced by the session name in template
             and the result executed as a command.  If template is not given, "switch-client -t
             '%%'" is used.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the FORMATS section.  This
             command works only if at least one client is attached.

     choose-tree [-suw] [-b session-template] [-c window-template] [-S format] [-W format] [-t
             target-window]
             Put a window into tree choice mode, where either sessions or windows may be selected
             interactively from a list.  By default, windows belonging to a session are indented
             to show their relationship to a session.

             Note that the choose-window and choose-session commands are wrappers around
             choose-tree.

             If -s is given, will show sessions.  If -w is given, will show windows.

             By default, the tree is collapsed and sessions must be expanded to windows with the
             right arrow key.  The -u option will start with all sessions expanded instead.

             If -b is given, will override the default session command.  Note that ‘%%’ can be
             used and will be replaced with the session name.  The default option if not
             specified is "switch-client -t '%%'".  If -c is given, will override the default
             window command.  Like -b, ‘%%’ can be used and will be replaced with the session
             name and window index.  When a window is chosen from the list, the session command
             is run before the window command.

             If -S is given will display the specified format instead of the default session
             format.  If -W is given will display the specified format instead of the default
             window format.  For the meaning of the -s and -w options, see the FORMATS section.

             This command works only if at least one client is attached.

     choose-window [-F format] [-t target-window] [template]
             Put a window into window choice mode, where a window may be chosen interactively
             from a list.  After a window is selected, ‘%%’ is replaced by the session name and
             window index in template and the result executed as a command.  If template is not
             given, "select-window -t '%%'" is used.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the
             FORMATS section.  This command works only if at least one client is attached.

     display-panes [-t target-client]
                   (alias: displayp)
             Display a visible indicator of each pane shown by target-client.  See the
             display-panes-time, display-panes-colour, and display-panes-active-colour session
             options.  While the indicator is on screen, a pane may be selected with the ‘0’ to
             ‘9’ keys.

     find-window [-CNT] [-F format] [-t target-window] match-string
                   (alias: findw)
             Search for the fnmatch(3) pattern match-string in window names, titles, and visible
             content (but not history).  The flags control matching behavior: -C matches only
             visible window contents, -N matches only the window name and -T matches only the
             window title.  The default is -CNT.  If only one window is matched, it'll be
             automatically selected, otherwise a choice list is shown.  For the meaning of the -F
             flag, see the FORMATS section.  This command works only if at least one client is
             attached.

     join-pane [-bdhv] [-l size | -p percentage] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]
                   (alias: joinp)
             Like split-window, but instead of splitting dst-pane and creating a new pane, split
             it and move src-pane into the space.  This can be used to reverse break-pane.  The
             -b option causes src-pane to be joined to left of or above dst-pane.

     kill-pane [-a] [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: killp)
             Destroy the given pane.  If no panes remain in the containing window, it is also
             destroyed.  The -a option kills all but the pane given with -t.

     kill-window [-a] [-t target-window]
                   (alias: killw)
             Kill the current window or the window at target-window, removing it from any
             sessions to which it is linked.  The -a option kills all but the window given with
             -t.

     last-pane [-t target-window]
                   (alias: lastp)
             Select the last (previously selected) pane.

     last-window [-t target-session]
                   (alias: last)
             Select the last (previously selected) window.  If no target-session is specified,
             select the last window of the current session.

     link-window [-dk] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]
                   (alias: linkw)
             Link the window at src-window to the specified dst-window.  If dst-window is
             specified and no such window exists, the src-window is linked there.  If -k is given
             and dst-window exists, it is killed, otherwise an error is generated.  If -d is
             given, the newly linked window is not selected.

     list-panes [-as] [-F format] [-t target]
                   (alias: lsp)
             If -a is given, target is ignored and all panes on the server are listed.  If -s is
             given, target is a session (or the current session).  If neither is given, target is
             a window (or the current window).  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the FORMATS
             section.

     list-windows [-a] [-F format] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: lsw)
             If -a is given, list all windows on the server.  Otherwise, list windows in the
             current session or in target-session.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the
             FORMATS section.

     move-pane [-bdhv] [-l size | -p percentage] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]
                   (alias: movep)
             Like join-pane, but src-pane and dst-pane may belong to the same window.

     move-window [-rdk] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]
                   (alias: movew)
             This is similar to link-window, except the window at src-window is moved to
             dst-window.  With -r, all windows in the session are renumbered in sequential order,
             respecting the base-index option.

     new-window [-adkP] [-c start-directory] [-F format] [-n window-name] [-t target-window]
             [shell-command]
                   (alias: neww)
             Create a new window.  With -a, the new window is inserted at the next index up from
             the specified target-window, moving windows up if necessary, otherwise target-window
             is the new window location.

             If -d is given, the session does not make the new window the current window.
             target-window represents the window to be created; if the target already exists an
             error is shown, unless the -k flag is used, in which case it is destroyed.
             shell-command is the command to execute.  If shell-command is not specified, the
             value of the default-command option is used.  -c specifies the working directory in
             which the new window is created.  It may have an absolute path or one of the
             following values (or a subdirectory):

                   Empty string    Current pane's directory
                   ~               User's home directory
                   -               Where session was started
                   .               Where server was started

             When the shell command completes, the window closes.  See the remain-on-exit option
             to change this behaviour.

             The TERM environment variable must be set to “screen” for all programs running
             inside tmux.  New windows will automatically have “TERM=screen” added to their
             environment, but care must be taken not to reset this in shell start-up files.

             The -P option prints information about the new window after it has been created.  By
             default, it uses the format ‘#{session_name}:#{window_index}’ but a different format
             may be specified with -F.

     next-layout [-t target-window]
                   (alias: nextl)
             Move a window to the next layout and rearrange the panes to fit.

     next-window [-a] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: next)
             Move to the next window in the session.  If -a is used, move to the next window with
             an alert.

     pipe-pane [-o] [-t target-pane] [shell-command]
                   (alias: pipep)
             Pipe any output sent by the program in target-pane to a shell command.  A pane may
             only be piped to one command at a time, any existing pipe is closed before
             shell-command is executed.  The shell-command string may contain the special
             character sequences supported by the status-left option.  If no shell-command is
             given, the current pipe (if any) is closed.

             The -o option only opens a new pipe if no previous pipe exists, allowing a pipe to
             be toggled with a single key, for example:

                   bind-key C-p pipe-pane -o 'cat >>~/output.#I-#P'

     previous-layout [-t target-window]
                   (alias: prevl)
             Move to the previous layout in the session.

     previous-window [-a] [-t target-session]
                   (alias: prev)
             Move to the previous window in the session.  With -a, move to the previous window
             with an alert.

     rename-window [-t target-window] new-name
                   (alias: renamew)
             Rename the current window, or the window at target-window if specified, to new-name.

     resize-pane [-DLRUZ] [-t target-pane] [-x width] [-y height] [adjustment]
                   (alias: resizep)
             Resize a pane, up, down, left or right by adjustment with -U, -D, -L or -R, or to an
             absolute size with -x or -y.  The adjustment is given in lines or cells (the default
             is 1).

             With -Z, the active pane is toggled between zoomed (occupying the whole of the
             window) and unzoomed (its normal position in the layout).

     respawn-pane [-k] [-t target-pane] [shell-command]
                   (alias: respawnp)
             Reactivate a pane in which the command has exited (see the remain-on-exit window
             option).  If shell-command is not given, the command used when the pane was created
             is executed.  The pane must be already inactive, unless -k is given, in which case
             any existing command is killed.

     respawn-window [-k] [-t target-window] [shell-command]
                   (alias: respawnw)
             Reactivate a window in which the command has exited (see the remain-on-exit window
             option).  If shell-command is not given, the command used when the window was
             created is executed.  The window must be already inactive, unless -k is given, in
             which case any existing command is killed.

     rotate-window [-DU] [-t target-window]
                   (alias: rotatew)
             Rotate the positions of the panes within a window, either upward (numerically lower)
             with -U or downward (numerically higher).

     select-layout [-np] [-t target-window] [layout-name]
                   (alias: selectl)
             Choose a specific layout for a window.  If layout-name is not given, the last preset
             layout used (if any) is reapplied.  -n and -p are equivalent to the next-layout and
             previous-layout commands.

     select-pane [-lDLRU] [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: selectp)
             Make pane target-pane the active pane in window target-window.  If one of -D, -L,
             -R, or -U is used, respectively the pane below, to the left, to the right, or above
             the target pane is used.  -l is the same as using the last-pane command.

     select-window [-lnpT] [-t target-window]
                   (alias: selectw)
             Select the window at target-window.  -l, -n and -p are equivalent to the
             last-window, next-window and previous-window commands.  If -T is given and the
             selected window is already the current window, the command behaves like last-window.

     split-window [-dhvP] [-c start-directory] [-l size | -p percentage] [-t target-pane]
             [shell-command] [-F format]
                   (alias: splitw)
             Create a new pane by splitting target-pane: -h does a horizontal split and -v a
             vertical split; if neither is specified, -v is assumed.  The -l and -p options
             specify the size of the new pane in lines (for vertical split) or in cells (for
             horizontal split), or as a percentage, respectively.  All other options have the
             same meaning as for the new-window command.

     swap-pane [-dDU] [-s src-pane] [-t dst-pane]
                   (alias: swapp)
             Swap two panes.  If -U is used and no source pane is specified with -s, dst-pane is
             swapped with the previous pane (before it numerically); -D swaps with the next pane
             (after it numerically).  -d instructs tmux not to change the active pane.

     swap-window [-d] [-s src-window] [-t dst-window]
                   (alias: swapw)
             This is similar to link-window, except the source and destination windows are
             swapped.  It is an error if no window exists at src-window.

     unlink-window [-k] [-t target-window]
                   (alias: unlinkw)
             Unlink target-window.  Unless -k is given, a window may be unlinked only if it is
             linked to multiple sessions - windows may not be linked to no sessions; if -k is
             specified and the window is linked to only one session, it is unlinked and
             destroyed.

KEY BINDINGS

     tmux allows a command to be bound to most keys, with or without a prefix key.  When
     specifying keys, most represent themselves (for example ‘A’ to ‘Z’).  Ctrl keys may be
     prefixed with ‘C-’ or ‘^’, and Alt (meta) with ‘M-’.  In addition, the following special key
     names are accepted: Up, Down, Left, Right, BSpace, BTab, DC (Delete), End, Enter, Escape, F1
     to F20, Home, IC (Insert), NPage/PageDown/PgDn, PPage/PageUp/PgUp, Space, and Tab.  Note
     that to bind the ‘"’ or ‘'’ keys, quotation marks are necessary, for example:

           bind-key '"' split-window
           bind-key "'" new-window

     Commands related to key bindings are as follows:

     bind-key [-cnr] [-t key-table] key command [arguments]
                   (alias: bind)
             Bind key key to command.  By default (without -t) the primary key bindings are
             modified (those normally activated with the prefix key); in this case, if -n is
             specified, it is not necessary to use the prefix key, command is bound to key alone.
             The -r flag indicates this key may repeat, see the repeat-time option.

             If -t is present, key is bound in key-table: the binding for command mode with -c or
             for normal mode without.  To view the default bindings and possible commands, see
             the list-keys command.

     list-keys [-t key-table]
                   (alias: lsk)
             List all key bindings.  Without -t the primary key bindings - those executed when
             preceded by the prefix key - are printed.

             With -t, the key bindings in key-table are listed; this may be one of: vi-edit,
             emacs-edit, vi-choice, emacs-choice, vi-copy or emacs-copy.

     send-keys [-lR] [-t target-pane] key ...
                   (alias: send)
             Send a key or keys to a window.  Each argument key is the name of the key (such as
             ‘C-a’ or ‘npage’ ) to send; if the string is not recognised as a key, it is sent as
             a series of characters.  The -l flag disables key name lookup and sends the keys
             literally.  All arguments are sent sequentially from first to last.  The -R flag
             causes the terminal state to be reset.

     send-prefix [-2] [-t target-pane]
             Send the prefix key, or with -2 the secondary prefix key, to a window as if it was
             pressed.

     unbind-key [-acn] [-t key-table] key
                   (alias: unbind)
             Unbind the command bound to key.  Without -t the primary key bindings are modified;
             in this case, if -n is specified, the command bound to key without a prefix (if any)
             is removed.  If -a is present, all key bindings are removed.

             If -t is present, key in key-table is unbound: the binding for command mode with -c
             or for normal mode without.

OPTIONS

     The appearance and behaviour of tmux may be modified by changing the value of various
     options.  There are three types of option: server options, session options and window
     options.

     The tmux server has a set of global options which do not apply to any particular window or
     session.  These are altered with the set-option -s command, or displayed with the
     show-options -s command.

     In addition, each individual session may have a set of session options, and there is a
     separate set of global session options.  Sessions which do not have a particular option
     configured inherit the value from the global session options.  Session options are set or
     unset with the set-option command and may be listed with the show-options command.  The
     available server and session options are listed under the set-option command.

     Similarly, a set of window options is attached to each window, and there is a set of global
     window options from which any unset options are inherited.  Window options are altered with
     the set-window-option command and can be listed with the show-window-options command.  All
     window options are documented with the set-window-option command.

     tmux also supports user options which are prefixed with a ‘@’.  User options may have any
     name, so long as they are prefixed with ‘@’, and be set to any string.  For example

           $ tmux setw -q @foo "abc123"
           $ tmux showw -v @foo
           abc123

     Commands which set options are as follows:

     set-option [-agoqsuw] [-t target-session | target-window] option value
                   (alias: set)
             Set a window option with -w (equivalent to the set-window-option command), a server
             option with -s, otherwise a session option.

             If -g is specified, the global session or window option is set.  With -a, and if the
             option expects a string, value is appended to the existing setting.  The -u flag
             unsets an option, so a session inherits the option from the global options.  It is
             not possible to unset a global option.

             The -o flag prevents setting an option that is already set.

             The -q flag suppresses the informational message (as if the quiet server option was
             set).

             Available window options are listed under set-window-option.

             value depends on the option and may be a number, a string, or a flag (on, off, or
             omitted to toggle).

             Available server options are:

             buffer-limit number
                     Set the number of buffers; as new buffers are added to the top of the stack,
                     old ones are removed from the bottom if necessary to maintain this maximum
                     length.

             escape-time time
                     Set the time in milliseconds for which tmux waits after an escape is input
                     to determine if it is part of a function or meta key sequences.  The default
                     is 500 milliseconds.

             exit-unattached [on | off]
                     If enabled, the server will exit when there are no attached clients.

             quiet [on | off]
                     Enable or disable the display of various informational messages (see also
                     the -q command line flag).

             set-clipboard [on | off]
                     Attempt to set the terminal clipboard content using the \e]52;...\007
                     xterm(1) escape sequences.  This option is on by default if there is an Ms
                     entry in the terminfo(5) description for the client terminal.  Note that
                     this feature needs to be enabled in xterm(1) by setting the resource:

                           disallowedWindowOps: 20,21,SetXprop

                     Or changing this property from the xterm(1) interactive menu when required.

             Available session options are:

             assume-paste-time milliseconds
                     If keys are entered faster than one in milliseconds, they are assumed to
                     have been pasted rather than typed and tmux key bindings are not processed.
                     The default is one millisecond and zero disables.

             base-index index
                     Set the base index from which an unused index should be searched when a new
                     window is created.  The default is zero.

             bell-action [any | none | current]
                     Set action on window bell.  any means a bell in any window linked to a
                     session causes a bell in the current window of that session, none means all
                     bells are ignored and current means only bells in windows other than the
                     current window are ignored.

             bell-on-alert [on | off]
                     If on, ring the terminal bell when an alert occurs.

             default-command shell-command
                     Set the command used for new windows (if not specified when the window is
                     created) to shell-command, which may be any sh(1) command.  The default is
                     an empty string, which instructs tmux to create a login shell using the
                     value of the default-shell option.

             default-path path
                     Set the default working directory for new panes.  If empty (the default),
                     the working directory is determined from the process running in the active
                     pane, from the command line environment or from the working directory where
                     the session was created.  Otherwise the same options are available as for
                     the -c flag to new-window.

             default-shell path
                     Specify the default shell.  This is used as the login shell for new windows
                     when the default-command option is set to empty, and must be the full path
                     of the executable.  When started tmux tries to set a default value from the
                     first suitable of the SHELL environment variable, the shell returned by
                     getpwuid(3), or /bin/sh.  This option should be configured when tmux is used
                     as a login shell.

             default-terminal terminal
                     Set the default terminal for new windows created in this session - the
                     default value of the TERM environment variable.  For tmux to work correctly,
                     this must be set to ‘screen’ or a derivative of it.

             destroy-unattached [on | off]
                     If enabled and the session is no longer attached to any clients, it is
                     destroyed.

             detach-on-destroy [on | off]
                     If on (the default), the client is detached when the session it is attached
                     to is destroyed.  If off, the client is switched to the most recently active
                     of the remaining sessions.

             display-panes-active-colour colour
                     Set the colour used by the display-panes command to show the indicator for
                     the active pane.

             display-panes-colour colour
                     Set the colour used by the display-panes command to show the indicators for
                     inactive panes.

             display-panes-time time
                     Set the time in milliseconds for which the indicators shown by the
                     display-panes command appear.

             display-time time
                     Set the amount of time for which status line messages and other on-screen
                     indicators are displayed.  time is in milliseconds.

             history-limit lines
                     Set the maximum number of lines held in window history.  This setting
                     applies only to new windows - existing window histories are not resized and
                     retain the limit at the point they were created.

             lock-after-time number
                     Lock the session (like the lock-session command) after number seconds of
                     inactivity, or the entire server (all sessions) if the lock-server option is
                     set.  The default is not to lock (set to 0).

             lock-command shell-command
                     Command to run when locking each client.  The default is to run lock(1) with
                     -np.

             lock-server [on | off]
                     If this option is on (the default), instead of each session locking
                     individually as each has been idle for lock-after-time, the entire server
                     will lock after all sessions would have locked.  This has no effect as a
                     session option; it must be set as a global option.

             message-attr attributes
                     Set status line message attributes, where attributes is either none or a
                     comma-delimited list of one or more of: bright (or bold), dim, underscore,
                     blink, reverse, hidden, or italics.

             message-bg colour
                     Set status line message background colour, where colour is one of: black,
                     red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, white, aixterm bright variants (if
                     supported: brightred, brightgreen, and so on), colour0 to colour255 from the
                     256-colour set, default, or a hexadecimal RGB string such as ‘#ffffff’,
                     which chooses the closest match from the default 256-colour set.

             message-command-attr attributes
                     Set status line message attributes when in command mode.

             message-command-bg colour
                     Set status line message background colour when in command mode.

             message-command-fg colour
                     Set status line message foreground colour when in command mode.

             message-fg colour
                     Set status line message foreground colour.

             message-limit number
                     Set the number of error or information messages to save in the message log
                     for each client.  The default is 20.

             mouse-resize-pane [on | off]
                     If on, tmux captures the mouse and allows panes to be resized by dragging on
                     their borders.

             mouse-select-pane [on | off]
                     If on, tmux captures the mouse and when a window is split into multiple
                     panes the mouse may be used to select the current pane.  The mouse click is
                     also passed through to the application as normal.

             mouse-select-window [on | off]
                     If on, clicking the mouse on a window name in the status line will select
                     that window.

             mouse-utf8 [on | off]
                     If enabled, request mouse input as UTF-8 on UTF-8 terminals.

             pane-active-border-bg colour

             pane-active-border-fg colour
                     Set the pane border colour for the currently active pane.

             pane-border-bg colour

             pane-border-fg colour
                     Set the pane border colour for panes aside from the active pane.

             prefix key
                     Set the key accepted as a prefix key.

             prefix2 key
                     Set a secondary key accepted as a prefix key.

             renumber-windows [on | off]
                     If on, when a window is closed in a session, automatically renumber the
                     other windows in numerical order.  This respects the base-index option if it
                     has been set.  If off, do not renumber the windows.

             repeat-time time
                     Allow multiple commands to be entered without pressing the prefix-key again
                     in the specified time milliseconds (the default is 500).  Whether a key
                     repeats may be set when it is bound using the -r flag to bind-key.  Repeat
                     is enabled for the default keys bound to the resize-pane command.

             set-remain-on-exit [on | off]
                     Set the remain-on-exit window option for any windows first created in this
                     session.  When this option is true, windows in which the running program has
                     exited do not close, instead remaining open but inactivate.  Use the
                     respawn-window command to reactivate such a window, or the kill-window
                     command to destroy it.

             set-titles [on | off]
                     Attempt to set the client terminal title using the tsl and fsl terminfo(5)
                     entries if they exist.  tmux automatically sets these to the \e]2;...\007
                     sequence if the terminal appears to be an xterm.  This option is off by
                     default.  Note that elinks will only attempt to set the window title if the
                     STY environment variable is set.

             set-titles-string string
                     String used to set the window title if set-titles is on.  Character
                     sequences are replaced as for the status-left option.

             status [on | off]
                     Show or hide the status line.

             status-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes.

             status-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour.

             status-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour.

             status-interval interval
                     Update the status bar every interval seconds.  By default, updates will
                     occur every 15 seconds.  A setting of zero disables redrawing at interval.

             status-justify [left | centre | right]
                     Set the position of the window list component of the status line: left,
                     centre or right justified.

             status-keys [vi | emacs]
                     Use vi or emacs-style key bindings in the status line, for example at the
                     command prompt.  The default is emacs, unless the VISUAL or EDITOR
                     environment variables are set and contain the string ‘vi’.

             status-left string
                     Display string to the left of the status bar.  string will be passed through
                     strftime(3) before being used.  By default, the session name is shown.
                     string may contain any of the following special character sequences:

                           Character pair    Replaced with
                           #(shell-command)  First line of the command's output
                           #[attributes]     Colour or attribute change
                           #H                Hostname of local host
                           #h                Hostname of local host without the domain name
                           #F                Current window flag
                           #I                Current window index
                           #D                Current pane unique identifier
                           #P                Current pane index
                           #S                Session name
                           #T                Current pane title
                           #W                Current window name
                           ##                A literal ‘#’

                     The #(shell-command) form executes ‘shell-command’ and inserts the first
                     line of its output.  Note that shell commands are only executed once at the
                     interval specified by the status-interval option: if the status line is
                     redrawn in the meantime, the previous result is used.  Shell commands are
                     executed with the tmux global environment set (see the ENVIRONMENT section).

                     For details on how the names and titles can be set see the NAMES AND TITLES
                     section.

                     #[attributes] allows a comma-separated list of attributes to be specified,
                     these may be ‘fg=colour’ to set the foreground colour, ‘bg=colour’ to set
                     the background colour, the name of one of the attributes (listed under the
                     message-attr option) to turn an attribute on, or an attribute prefixed with
                     ‘no’ to turn one off, for example nobright.  Examples are:

                           #(sysctl vm.loadavg)
                           #[fg=yellow,bold]#(apm -l)%%#[default] [#S]

                     Where appropriate, special character sequences may be prefixed with a number
                     to specify the maximum length, for example ‘#24T’.

                     By default, UTF-8 in string is not interpreted, to enable UTF-8, use the
                     status-utf8 option.

             status-left-attr attributes
                     Set the attribute of the left part of the status line.

             status-left-bg colour
                     Set the background colour of the left part of the status line.

             status-left-fg colour
                     Set the foreground colour of the left part of the status line.

             status-left-length length
                     Set the maximum length of the left component of the status bar.  The default
                     is 10.

             status-position [top | bottom]
                     Set the position of the status line.

             status-right string
                     Display string to the right of the status bar.  By default, the current
                     window title in double quotes, the date and the time are shown.  As with
                     status-left, string will be passed to strftime(3), character pairs are
                     replaced, and UTF-8 is dependent on the status-utf8 option.

             status-right-attr attributes
                     Set the attribute of the right part of the status line.

             status-right-bg colour
                     Set the background colour of the right part of the status line.

             status-right-fg colour
                     Set the foreground colour of the right part of the status line.

             status-right-length length
                     Set the maximum length of the right component of the status bar.  The
                     default is 40.

             status-utf8 [on | off]
                     Instruct tmux to treat top-bit-set characters in the status-left and
                     status-right strings as UTF-8; notably, this is important for wide
                     characters.  This option defaults to off.

             terminal-overrides string
                     Contains a list of entries which override terminal descriptions read using
                     terminfo(5).  string is a comma-separated list of items each a colon-
                     separated string made up of a terminal type pattern (matched using
                     fnmatch(3)) and a set of name=value entries.

                     For example, to set the ‘clear’ terminfo(5) entry to ‘\e[H\e[2J’ for all
                     terminal types and the ‘dch1’ entry to ‘\e[P’ for the ‘rxvt’ terminal type,
                     the option could be set to the string:

                           "*:clear=\e[H\e[2J,rxvt:dch1=\e[P"

                     The terminal entry value is passed through strunvis(3) before
                     interpretation.  The default value forcibly corrects the ‘colors’ entry for
                     terminals which support 88 or 256 colours:

                           "*88col*:colors=88,*256col*:colors=256,xterm*:XT"

             update-environment variables
                     Set a space-separated string containing a list of environment variables to
                     be copied into the session environment when a new session is created or an
                     existing session is attached.  Any variables that do not exist in the source
                     environment are set to be removed from the session environment (as if -r was
                     given to the set-environment command).  The default is "DISPLAY SSH_ASKPASS
                     SSH_AUTH_SOCK SSH_AGENT_PID SSH_CONNECTION WINDOWID XAUTHORITY".

             visual-activity [on | off]
                     If on, display a status line message when activity occurs in a window for
                     which the monitor-activity window option is enabled.

             visual-bell [on | off]
                     If this option is on, a message is shown on a bell instead of it being
                     passed through to the terminal (which normally makes a sound).  Also see the
                     bell-action option.

             visual-content [on | off]
                     Like visual-activity, display a message when content is present in a window
                     for which the monitor-content window option is enabled.

             visual-silence [on | off]
                     If monitor-silence is enabled, prints a message after the interval has
                     expired on a given window.

             word-separators string
                     Sets the session's conception of what characters are considered word
                     separators, for the purposes of the next and previous word commands in copy
                     mode.  The default is ‘ -_@’.

     set-window-option [-agqu] [-t target-window] option value
                   (alias: setw)
             Set a window option.  The -a, -g, -q and -u flags work similarly to the set-option
             command.

             Supported window options are:

             aggressive-resize [on | off]
                     Aggressively resize the chosen window.  This means that tmux will resize the
                     window to the size of the smallest session for which it is the current
                     window, rather than the smallest session to which it is attached.  The
                     window may resize when the current window is changed on another sessions;
                     this option is good for full-screen programs which support SIGWINCH and poor
                     for interactive programs such as shells.

             allow-rename [on | off]
                     Allow programs to change the window name using a terminal escape sequence
                     (\033k...\033\\).  The default is on.

             alternate-screen [on | off]
                     This option configures whether programs running inside tmux may use the
                     terminal alternate screen feature, which allows the smcup and rmcup
                     terminfo(5) capabilities.  The alternate screen feature preserves the
                     contents of the window when an interactive application starts and restores
                     it on exit, so that any output visible before the application starts
                     reappears unchanged after it exits.  The default is on.

             automatic-rename [on | off]
                     Control automatic window renaming.  When this setting is enabled, tmux will
                     attempt - on supported platforms - to rename the window to reflect the
                     command currently running in it.  This flag is automatically disabled for an
                     individual window when a name is specified at creation with new-window or
                     new-session, or later with rename-window, or with a terminal escape
                     sequence.  It may be switched off globally with:

                           set-window-option -g automatic-rename off

             c0-change-interval interval
             c0-change-trigger trigger
                     These two options configure a simple form of rate limiting for a pane.  If
                     tmux sees more than trigger C0 sequences that modify the screen (for
                     example, carriage returns, linefeeds or backspaces) in one millisecond, it
                     will stop updating the pane immediately and instead redraw it entirely every
                     interval milliseconds.  This helps to prevent fast output (such as yes(1)
                     overwhelming the terminal).  The default is a trigger of 250 and an interval
                     of 100.  A trigger of zero disables the rate limiting.

             clock-mode-colour colour
                     Set clock colour.

             clock-mode-style [12 | 24]
                     Set clock hour format.

             force-height height
             force-width width
                     Prevent tmux from resizing a window to greater than width or height.  A
                     value of zero restores the default unlimited setting.

             main-pane-height height
             main-pane-width width
                     Set the width or height of the main (left or top) pane in the
                     main-horizontal or main-vertical layouts.

             mode-attr attributes
                     Set window modes attributes.

             mode-bg colour
                     Set window modes background colour.

             mode-fg colour
                     Set window modes foreground colour.

             mode-keys [vi | emacs]
                     Use vi or emacs-style key bindings in copy and choice modes.  As with the
                     status-keys option, the default is emacs, unless VISUAL or EDITOR contains
                     ‘vi’.

             mode-mouse [on | off | copy-mode]
                     Mouse state in modes.  If on, the mouse may be used to enter copy mode and
                     copy a selection by dragging, to enter copy mode and scroll with the mouse
                     wheel, or to select an option in choice mode.  If set to copy-mode, the
                     mouse behaves as set to on, but cannot be used to enter copy mode.

             monitor-activity [on | off]
                     Monitor for activity in the window.  Windows with activity are highlighted
                     in the status line.

             monitor-content match-string
                     Monitor content in the window.  When fnmatch(3) pattern match-string appears
                     in the window, it is highlighted in the status line.

             monitor-silence [interval]
                     Monitor for silence (no activity) in the window within interval seconds.
                     Windows that have been silent for the interval are highlighted in the status
                     line.  An interval of zero disables the monitoring.

             other-pane-height height
                     Set the height of the other panes (not the main pane) in the main-horizontal
                     layout.  If this option is set to 0 (the default), it will have no effect.
                     If both the main-pane-height and other-pane-height options are set, the main
                     pane will grow taller to make the other panes the specified height, but will
                     never shrink to do so.

             other-pane-width width
                     Like other-pane-height, but set the width of other panes in the
                     main-vertical layout.

             pane-base-index index
                     Like base-index, but set the starting index for pane numbers.

             remain-on-exit [on | off]
                     A window with this flag set is not destroyed when the program running in it
                     exits.  The window may be reactivated with the respawn-window command.

             synchronize-panes [on | off]
                     Duplicate input to any pane to all other panes in the same window (only for
                     panes that are not in any special mode).

             utf8 [on | off]
                     Instructs tmux to expect UTF-8 sequences to appear in this window.

             window-status-bell-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for windows which have a bell alert.

             window-status-bell-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for windows with a bell alert.

             window-status-bell-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for windows with a bell alert.

             window-status-content-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for windows which have a content alert.

             window-status-content-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for windows with a content alert.

             window-status-content-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for windows with a content alert.

             window-status-activity-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for windows which have an activity (or silence)
                     alert.

             window-status-activity-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for windows with an activity alert.

             window-status-activity-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for windows with an activity alert.

             window-status-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for a single window.

             window-status-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for a single window.

             window-status-current-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for the currently active window.

             window-status-current-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for the currently active window.

             window-status-current-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for the currently active window.

             window-status-current-format string
                     Like window-status-format, but is the format used when the window is the
                     current window.

             window-status-last-attr attributes
                     Set status line attributes for the last active window.

             window-status-last-bg colour
                     Set status line background colour for the last active window.

             window-status-last-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for the last active window.

             window-status-fg colour
                     Set status line foreground colour for a single window.

             window-status-format string
                     Set the format in which the window is displayed in the status line window
                     list.  See the status-left option for details of special character sequences
                     available.  The default is ‘#I:#W#F’.

             window-status-separator string
                     Sets the separator drawn between windows in the status line.  The default is
                     a single space character.

             xterm-keys [on | off]
                     If this option is set, tmux will generate xterm(1) -style function key
                     sequences; these have a number included to indicate modifiers such as Shift,
                     Alt or Ctrl.  The default is off.

             wrap-search [on | off]
                     If this option is set, searches will wrap around the end of the pane
                     contents.  The default is on.

     show-options [-gqsvw] [-t target-session | target-window] [option]
                   (alias: show)
             Show the window options (or a single window option if given) with -w (equivalent to
             show-window-options), the server options with -s, otherwise the session options for
             target session.  Global session or window options are listed if -g is used.  -v
             shows only the option value, not the name.  If -q is set, no error will be returned
             if option is unset.

     show-window-options [-gv] [-t target-window] [option]
                   (alias: showw)
             List the window options or a single option for target-window, or the global window
             options if -g is used.  -v shows only the option value, not the name.

FORMATS

     Certain commands accept the -F flag with a format argument.  This is a string which controls
     the output format of the command.  Special character sequences are replaced as documented
     under the status-left option and an additional long form is accepted.  Replacement variables
     are enclosed in ‘#{’ and ‘}’, for example ‘#{session_name}’ is equivalent to ‘#S’.
     Conditionals are also accepted by prefixing with ‘?’ and separating two alternatives with a
     comma; if the specified variable exists and is not zero, the first alternative is chosen,
     otherwise the second is used.  For example ‘#{?session_attached,attached,not attached}’ will
     include the string ‘attached’ if the session is attached and the string ‘not attached’ if it
     is unattached.

     The following variables are available, where appropriate:

           Variable name             Replaced with
           alternate_on              If pane is in alternate screen
           alternate_saved_x         Saved cursor X in alternate screen
           alternate_saved_y         Saved cursor Y in alternate screen
           buffer_sample             First 50 characters from the specified buffer
           buffer_size               Size of the specified buffer in bytes
           client_activity           Integer time client last had activity
           client_activity_string    String time client last had activity
           client_created            Integer time client created
           client_created_string     String time client created
           client_cwd                Working directory of client
           client_height             Height of client
           client_last_session       Name of the client's last session
           client_prefix             1 if prefix key has been pressed
           client_readonly           1 if client is readonly
           client_session            Name of the client's session
           client_termname           Terminal name of client
           client_tty                Pseudo terminal of client
           client_utf8               1 if client supports utf8
           client_width              Width of client
           cursor_flag               Pane cursor flag
           cursor_x                  Cursor X position in pane
           cursor_y                  Cursor Y position in pane
           history_bytes             Number of bytes in window history
           history_limit             Maximum window history lines
           history_size              Size of history in bytes
           host                      Hostname of local host
           insert_flag               Pane insert flag
           keypad_cursor_flag        Pane keypad cursor flag
           keypad_flag               Pane keypad flag
           line                      Line number in the list
           mouse_any_flag            Pane mouse any flag
           mouse_button_flag         Pane mouse button flag
           mouse_standard_flag       Pane mouse standard flag
           mouse_utf8_flag           Pane mouse UTF-8 flag
           pane_active               1 if active pane
           pane_current_command      Current command if available
           pane_current_path         Current path if available
           pane_dead                 1 if pane is dead
           pane_height               Height of pane
           pane_id                   Unique pane ID
           pane_in_mode              If pane is in a mode
           pane_index                Index of pane
           pane_pid                  PID of first process in pane
           pane_start_command        Command pane started with
           pane_start_path           Path pane started with
           pane_tabs                 Pane tab positions
           pane_title                Title of pane
           pane_tty                  Pseudo terminal of pane
           pane_width                Width of pane
           saved_cursor_x            Saved cursor X in pane
           saved_cursor_y            Saved cursor Y in pane
           scroll_region_lower       Bottom of scroll region in pane
           scroll_region_upper       Top of scroll region in pane
           session_attached          1 if session attached
           session_created           Integer time session created
           session_created_string    String time session created
           session_group             Number of session group
           session_grouped           1 if session in a group
           session_height            Height of session
           session_id                Unique session ID
           session_name              Name of session
           session_width             Width of session
           session_windows           Number of windows in session
           window_active             1 if window active
           window_find_matches       Matched data from the find-window command if available
           window_flags              Window flags
           window_height             Height of window
           window_id                 Unique window ID
           window_index              Index of window
           window_layout             Window layout description
           window_name               Name of window
           window_panes              Number of panes in window
           window_width              Width of window
           wrap_flag                 Pane wrap flag

NAMES AND TITLES

     tmux distinguishes between names and titles.  Windows and sessions have names, which may be
     used to specify them in targets and are displayed in the status line and various lists: the
     name is the tmux identifier for a window or session.  Only panes have titles.  A pane's
     title is typically set by the program running inside the pane and is not modified by tmux.
     It is the same mechanism used to set for example the xterm(1) window title in an X(7) window
     manager.  Windows themselves do not have titles - a window's title is the title of its
     active pane.  tmux itself may set the title of the terminal in which the client is running,
     see the set-titles option.

     A session's name is set with the new-session and rename-session commands.  A window's name
     is set with one of:

     1.      A command argument (such as -n for new-window or new-session).

     2.      An escape sequence:

                   $ printf '\033kWINDOW_NAME\033\\'

     3.      Automatic renaming, which sets the name to the active command in the window's active
             pane.  See the automatic-rename option.

     When a pane is first created, its title is the hostname.  A pane's title can be set via the
     OSC title setting sequence, for example:

           $ printf '\033]2;My Title\033\\'

ENVIRONMENT

     When the server is started, tmux copies the environment into the global environment; in
     addition, each session has a session environment.  When a window is created, the session and
     global environments are merged.  If a variable exists in both, the value from the session
     environment is used.  The result is the initial environment passed to the new process.

     The update-environment session option may be used to update the session environment from the
     client when a new session is created or an old reattached.  tmux also initialises the TMUX
     variable with some internal information to allow commands to be executed from inside, and
     the TERM variable with the correct terminal setting of ‘screen’.

     Commands to alter and view the environment are:

     set-environment [-gru] [-t target-session] name [value]
                   (alias: setenv)
             Set or unset an environment variable.  If -g is used, the change is made in the
             global environment; otherwise, it is applied to the session environment for
             target-session.  The -u flag unsets a variable.  -r indicates the variable is to be
             removed from the environment before starting a new process.

     show-environment [-g] [-t target-session] [variable]
                   (alias: showenv)
             Display the environment for target-session or the global environment with -g.  If
             variable is omitted, all variables are shown.  Variables removed from the
             environment are prefixed with ‘-’.

STATUS LINE

     tmux includes an optional status line which is displayed in the bottom line of each
     terminal.  By default, the status line is enabled (it may be disabled with the status
     session option) and contains, from left-to-right: the name of the current session in square
     brackets; the window list; the title of the active pane in double quotes; and the time and
     date.

     The status line is made of three parts: configurable left and right sections (which may
     contain dynamic content such as the time or output from a shell command, see the
     status-left, status-left-length, status-right, and status-right-length options below), and a
     central window list.  By default, the window list shows the index, name and (if any) flag of
     the windows present in the current session in ascending numerical order.  It may be
     customised with the window-status-format and window-status-current-format options.  The flag
     is one of the following symbols appended to the window name:

           Symbol    Meaning
           *         Denotes the current window.
           -         Marks the last window (previously selected).
           #         Window is monitored and activity has been detected.
           !         A bell has occurred in the window.
           +         Window is monitored for content and it has appeared.
           ~         The window has been silent for the monitor-silence interval.
           Z         The window's active pane is zoomed.

     The # symbol relates to the monitor-activity and + to the monitor-content window options.
     The window name is printed in inverted colours if an alert (bell, activity or content) is
     present.

     The colour and attributes of the status line may be configured, the entire status line using
     the status-attr, status-fg and status-bg session options and individual windows using the
     window-status-attr, window-status-fg and window-status-bg window options.

     The status line is automatically refreshed at interval if it has changed, the interval may
     be controlled with the status-interval session option.

     Commands related to the status line are as follows:

     command-prompt [-I inputs] [-p prompts] [-t target-client] [template]
             Open the command prompt in a client.  This may be used from inside tmux to execute
             commands interactively.

             If template is specified, it is used as the command.  If present, -I is a comma-
             separated list of the initial text for each prompt.  If -p is given, prompts is a
             comma-separated list of prompts which are displayed in order; otherwise a single
             prompt is displayed, constructed from template if it is present, or ‘:’ if not.

             Both inputs and prompts may contain the special character sequences supported by the
             status-left option.

             Before the command is executed, the first occurrence of the string ‘%%’ and all
             occurrences of ‘%1’ are replaced by the response to the first prompt, the second
             ‘%%’ and all ‘%2’ are replaced with the response to the second prompt, and so on for
             further prompts.  Up to nine prompt responses may be replaced (‘%1’ to ‘%9’).

     confirm-before [-p prompt] [-t target-client] command
                   (alias: confirm)
             Ask for confirmation before executing command.  If -p is given, prompt is the prompt
             to display; otherwise a prompt is constructed from command.  It may contain the
             special character sequences supported by the status-left option.

             This command works only from inside tmux.

     display-message [-p] [-c target-client] [-t target-pane] [message]
                   (alias: display)
             Display a message.  If -p is given, the output is printed to stdout, otherwise it is
             displayed in the target-client status line.  The format of message is described in
             the FORMATS section; information is taken from target-pane if -t is given, otherwise
             the active pane for the session attached to target-client.

BUFFERS

     tmux maintains a stack of paste buffers.  Up to the value of the buffer-limit option are
     kept; when a new buffer is added, the buffer at the bottom of the stack is removed.  Buffers
     may be added using copy-mode or the set-buffer command, and pasted into a window using the
     paste-buffer command.

     A configurable history buffer is also maintained for each window.  By default, up to 2000
     lines are kept; this can be altered with the history-limit option (see the set-option
     command above).

     The buffer commands are as follows:

     choose-buffer [-F format] [-t target-window] [template]
             Put a window into buffer choice mode, where a buffer may be chosen interactively
             from a list.  After a buffer is selected, ‘%%’ is replaced by the buffer index in
             template and the result executed as a command.  If template is not given, "paste-
             buffer -b '%%'" is used.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the FORMATS section.
             This command works only if at least one client is attached.

     clear-history [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: clearhist)
             Remove and free the history for the specified pane.

     delete-buffer [-b buffer-index]
                   (alias: deleteb)
             Delete the buffer at buffer-index, or the top buffer if not specified.

     list-buffers [-F format]
                   (alias: lsb)
             List the global buffers.  For the meaning of the -F flag, see the FORMATS section.

     load-buffer [-b buffer-index] path
                   (alias: loadb)
             Load the contents of the specified paste buffer from path.

     paste-buffer [-dpr] [-b buffer-index] [-s separator] [-t target-pane]
                   (alias: pasteb)
             Insert the contents of a paste buffer into the specified pane.  If not specified,
             paste into the current one.  With -d, also delete the paste buffer from the stack.
             When output, any linefeed (LF) characters in the paste buffer are replaced with a
             separator, by default carriage return (CR).  A custom separator may be specified
             using the -s flag.  The -r flag means to do no replacement (equivalent to a
             separator of LF).  If -p is specified, paste bracket control codes are inserted
             around the buffer if the application has requested bracketed paste mode.

     save-buffer [-a] [-b buffer-index] path
                   (alias: saveb)
             Save the contents of the specified paste buffer to path.  The -a option appends to
             rather than overwriting the file.

     set-buffer [-b buffer-index] data
                   (alias: setb)
             Set the contents of the specified buffer to data.

     show-buffer [-b buffer-index]
                   (alias: showb)
             Display the contents of the specified buffer.

MISCELLANEOUS

     Miscellaneous commands are as follows:

     clock-mode [-t target-pane]
             Display a large clock.

     if-shell [-b] [-t target-pane] shell-command command [command]
                   (alias: if)
             Execute the first command if shell-command returns success or the second command
             otherwise.  Before being executed, shell-command is expanded using the rules
             specified in the FORMATS section, including those relevant to target-pane.  With -b,
             shell-command is run in the background.

     lock-server
                   (alias: lock)
             Lock each client individually by running the command specified by the lock-command
             option.

     run-shell -b [-t target-pane] shell-command
                   (alias: run)
             Execute shell-command in the background without creating a window.  Before being
             executed, shell-command is expanded using the rules specified in the FORMATS
             section.  With -b, the command is run in the background.  After it finishes, any
             output to stdout is displayed in copy mode (in the pane specified by -t or the
             current pane if omitted).  If the command doesn't return success, the exit status is
             also displayed.

     server-info
                   (alias: info)
             Show server information and terminal details.

     wait-for -LSU channel
                   (alias: wait)
             When used without options, prevents the client from exiting until woken using
             wait-for -S with the same channel.  When -L is used, the channel is locked and any
             clients that try to lock the same channel are made to wait until the channel is
             unlocked with wait-for -U.  This command only works from outside tmux.

TERMINFO EXTENSIONS

     tmux understands some extensions to terminfo(5):

     Cc, Cr  Set the cursor colour.  The first takes a single string argument and is used to set
             the colour; the second takes no arguments and restores the default cursor colour.
             If set, a sequence such as this may be used to change the cursor colour from inside
             tmux:

                   $ printf '\033]12;red\033\\'

     Cs, Csr
             Change the cursor style.  If set, a sequence such as this may be used to change the
             cursor to an underline:

                   $ printf '\033[4 q'

             If Csr is set, it will be used to reset the cursor style instead of Cs.

     Ms      This sequence can be used by tmux to store the current buffer in the host terminal's
             selection (clipboard).  See the set-clipboard option above and the xterm(1) man
             page.

CONTROL MODE

     tmux offers a textual interface called control mode.  This allows applications to
     communicate with tmux using a simple text-only protocol.

     In control mode, a client sends tmux commands or command sequences terminated by newlines on
     standard input.  Each command will produce one block of output on standard output.  An
     output block consists of a %begin line followed by the output (which may be empty).  The
     output block ends with a %end or %error.  %begin and matching %end or %error have two
     arguments: an integer time (as seconds from epoch) and command number.  For example:

           %begin 1363006971 2
           0: ksh* (1 panes) [80x24] [layout b25f,80x24,0,0,2] @2 (active)
           %end 1363006971 2

     In control mode, tmux outputs notifications.  A notification will never occur inside an
     output block.

     The following notifications are defined:

     %exit [reason]
             The tmux client is exiting immediately, either because it is not attached to any
             session or an error occurred.  If present, reason describes why the client exited.

     %layout-change window-id window-layout
             The layout of a window with ID window-id changed.  The new layout is window-layout.

     %output pane-id value
             A window pane produced output.  value escapes non-printable characters and backslash
             as octal \xxx.

     %session-changed session-id name
             The client is now attached to the session with ID session-id, which is named name.

     %session-renamed name
             The current session was renamed to name.

     %sessions-changed
             A session was created or destroyed.

     %unlinked-window-add window-id
             The window with ID window-id was created but is not linked to the current session.

     %window-add window-id
             The window with ID window-id was linked to the current session.

     %window-close window-id
             The window with ID window-id closed.

     %window-renamed window-id name
             The window with ID window-id was renamed to name.

FILES

     ~/.tmux.conf       Default tmux configuration file.
     /etc/tmux.conf     System-wide configuration file.

EXAMPLES

     To create a new tmux session running vi(1):

           $ tmux new-session vi

     Most commands have a shorter form, known as an alias.  For new-session, this is new:

           $ tmux new vi

     Alternatively, the shortest unambiguous form of a command is accepted.  If there are several
     options, they are listed:

           $ tmux n
           ambiguous command: n, could be: new-session, new-window, next-window

     Within an active session, a new window may be created by typing ‘C-b c’ (Ctrl followed by
     the ‘b’ key followed by the ‘c’ key).

     Windows may be navigated with: ‘C-b 0’ (to select window 0), ‘C-b 1’ (to select window 1),
     and so on; ‘C-b n’ to select the next window; and ‘C-b p’ to select the previous window.

     A session may be detached using ‘C-b d’ (or by an external event such as ssh(1)
     disconnection) and reattached with:

           $ tmux attach-session

     Typing ‘C-b ?’ lists the current key bindings in the current window; up and down may be used
     to navigate the list or ‘q’ to exit from it.

     Commands to be run when the tmux server is started may be placed in the ~/.tmux.conf
     configuration file.  Common examples include:

     Changing the default prefix key:

           set-option -g prefix C-a
           unbind-key C-b
           bind-key C-a send-prefix

     Turning the status line off, or changing its colour:

           set-option -g status off
           set-option -g status-bg blue

     Setting other options, such as the default command, or locking after 30 minutes of
     inactivity:

           set-option -g default-command "exec /bin/ksh"
           set-option -g lock-after-time 1800

     Creating new key bindings:

           bind-key b set-option status
           bind-key / command-prompt "split-window 'exec man %%'"
           bind-key S command-prompt "new-window -n %1 'ssh %1'"

SEE ALSO

     pty(4)

AUTHORS

     Nicholas Marriott <nicm@users.sourceforge.net>