NAME

       total - sum up columns

SYNOPSIS

       total  [  -m ][ -sE | -p | -u | -l ][ -i{f|d}[N] ][ -o{f|d} ][ -tC ][ -N [ -r ]] [ file ..
       ]

DESCRIPTION

       Total sums up columns of real numbers from one or more files and prints out the result  on
       its standard output.

       By default, total computes the straigt sum of each input column, but multiplication can be
       specified instead with the -p option.  Likewise, the -u option means find the upper  limit
       (maximum), and -l means find the lower limit (minimum).

       Sums of powers can be computed by giving an exponent with the -s option.  (Note that there
       is no space between the -s and the exponent.)  This  exponent  can  be  any  real  number,
       positive or negative.  The absolute value of the input is always taken before the power is
       computed in order to avoid complex results.  Thus, -s1 will  produce  a  sum  of  absolute
       values.  The default power (zero) is interpreted as a straight sum without taking absolute
       values.

       The -m option can be used to compute the mean  rather  than  the  total.   For  sums,  the
       arithmetic  mean  is  computed.   For  products,  the  geometric  mean  is  computed.   (A
       logarithmic sum of absolute values is used to avoid overflow, and zero values are silently
       ignored.)

       If  the  input  data  is  binary,  the -id or -if option may be given for 64-bit double or
       32-bit float values, respectively.  Either  option  may  be  followed  immediately  by  an
       optional  count,  which  defaults  to  1,  indicating the number of double or float binary
       values to read per record on the input file.  (There can be no space  between  the  option
       and  this  count.)   Similarly,  the  -od  and  -of options specify binary double or float
       output, respectively.  These options do not need a count, as this will  be  determined  by
       the number of input channels.

       A  count can be given as the number of lines to read before computing a result.  Normally,
       total reads each file to its end before producing its result, but  this  behavior  may  be
       overridden  by  inserting  blank  lines  in  the  input.  For each blank input line, total
       produces a result as if the end-of-file had been reached.  If two blank lines  immediately
       follow each other, total closes the file and proceeds to the next one (after reporting the
       result).  The -N option (where N is a decimal integer) tells total to produce a result and
       reset  the  calculation  after  every  N  input  lines.  In addition, the -r option can be
       specified to override reinitialization and thus give a running total  every  N  lines  (or
       every  blank  line).   If the end of file is reached, the current total is printed and the
       calculation is reset before the next file (with or without the -r option).

       The -tC option can be used to specify the input and output tab character.  The default tab
       character is TAB.

       If no files are given, the standard input is read.

EXAMPLE

       To compute the RMS value of colon-separated columns in a file:

         total -t: -m -s2 input

       To produce a running product of values from a file:

         total -p -1 -r input

BUGS

       If  the  input  files  have varying numbers of columns, mean values will certainly be off.
       Total will ignore missing column entries if the tab separator is  a  non-white  character,
       but cannot tell where a missing column should have been if the tab character is white.

AUTHOR

       Greg Ward

SEE ALSO

       cnt(1), neaten(1), rcalc(1), rlam(1), tabfunc(1)