Provided by: xtightvncviewer_1.3.9-6.4ubuntu1_amd64 bug

NAME

       vncviewer - an X viewer client for VNC

SYNOPSIS

       vncviewer [options] [host][:display]
       vncviewer [options] [host][::port]
       vncviewer [options] -listen [display]
       vncviewer -help

DESCRIPTION

       vncviewer  is  an  Xt-based  client  application  for  the VNC (Virtual Network Computing)
       system. It can connect to any VNC-compatible server such as Xvnc or WinVNC,  allowing  you
       to control desktop environment of a different machine.

       You  can  use F8 to display a pop-up utility menu. Press F8 twice to pass single F8 to the
       remote side.

OPTIONS

       -help  Prints a short usage notice to stderr.

       -listen
              Make the viewer listen on port 5500+display for reverse connections from a  server.
              WinVNC  supports reverse connections using the "Add New Client" menu option, or the
              -connect command  line  option.  Xvnc  requires  the  use  of  the  helper  program
              vncconnect.

       -via gateway
              Automatically create encrypted TCP tunnel to the gateway machine before connection,
              connect to the host through  that  tunnel  (TightVNC-specific).  By  default,  this
              option  invokes  SSH  local port forwarding, assuming that SSH client binary can be
              accessed as /usr/bin/ssh. Note that when using the -via option,  the  host  machine
              name should be specified as known to the gateway machine, e.g.  "localhost" denotes
              the gateway, not the machine where vncviewer  was  launched.  See  the  ENVIRONMENT
              section below for the information on configuring the -via option.

       -shared
              When  connecting,  specify that a shared connection is requested. In TightVNC, this
              is the default mode, allowing you to share the desktop with other  clients  already
              using it.

       -noshared
              When  connecting,  specify  that  the  session may not be shared. This would either
              disconnect other connected clients or refuse  your  connection,  depending  on  the
              server configuration.

       -viewonly
              Disable transfer of mouse and keyboard events from the client to the server.

       -fullscreen
              Start  in  full-screen mode. Please be aware that operating in full-screen mode may
              confuse X window managers. Typically, such conflicts cause  incorrect  handling  of
              input  focus or make the viewer window disappear mysteriously. See the grabKeyboard
              setting in the RESOURCES section below for a method to solve input focus problem.

       -noraiseonbeep
              By default, the viewer shows and raises its window on  remote  beep  (bell)  event.
              This option disables such behaviour (TightVNC-specific).

       -user username
              User  name for Unix login authentication. Default is to use current Unix user name.
              If this option was given, the viewer will prefer Unix login authentication over the
              standard VNC authentication.

       -passwd passwd-file
              File  from  which  to  get the password (as generated by the vncpasswd(1) program).
              This option affects only the standard VNC authentication.

       -encodings encoding-list
              TightVNC supports several different compression methods to encode  screen  updates;
              this  option  specifies  a set of them to use in order of preference. Encodings are
              specified separated with spaces, and must thus be enclosed in quotes if  more  than
              one  is  specified.  Available encodings, in default order for a remote connection,
              are "copyrect tight hextile zlib corre rre raw". For a  local  connection  (to  the
              same  machine),  the default order to try is "raw copyrect tight hextile zlib corre
              rre". Raw encoding is always assumed as a last option if no other encoding  can  be
              used  for some reason. For more information on encodings, see the section ENCODINGS
              below.

       -bgr233
              Always use the BGR233 format to encode pixel data. This  reduces  network  traffic,
              but  colors  may  be  represented inaccurately. The bgr233 format is an 8-bit "true
              color" format, with 2 bits blue, 3 bits green, and 3 bits red.

       -owncmap
              Try to use a PseudoColor visual and a private colormap. This allows the VNC  server
              to control the colormap.

       -truecolour, -truecolor
              Try to use a TrueColor visual.

       -depth depth
              On  an  X  server  which  supports  multiple TrueColor visuals of different depths,
              attempt to use the specified one (in bits per pixel);  if  successful,  this  depth
              will be requested from the VNC server.

       -compresslevel level
              Use   specified   compression   level  (0..9)  for  "tight"  and  "zlib"  encodings
              (TightVNC-specific). Level 1 uses minimum of CPU time and achieves weak compression
              ratios,  while  level  9  offers  best compression but is slow in terms of CPU time
              consumption on the server side. Use high levels with very slow network connections,
              and  low  levels  when  working  over  high-speed LANs. It's not recommended to use
              compression level 0, reasonable choices start from the level 1.

       -quality level
              Use  the  specified  JPEG  quality  level   (0..9)   for   the   "tight"   encoding
              (TightVNC-specific).  Quality level 0 denotes bad image quality but very impressive
              compression ratios,  while  level  9  offers  very  good  image  quality  at  lower
              compression  ratios.  Note  that the "tight" encoder uses JPEG to encode only those
              screen areas that look suitable for lossy compression, so quality level 0 does  not
              always mean unacceptable image quality.

       -nojpeg
              Disable  lossy  JPEG  compression in Tight encoding (TightVNC-specific).  Disabling
              JPEG compression is not a good idea in typical  cases,  as  that  makes  the  Tight
              encoder  less  efficient.  You  might  want  to  use this option if it's absolutely
              necessary to achieve perfect image quality (see also the -quality option).

       -nocursorshape
              Disable cursor shape updates, protocol extensions  used  to  handle  remote  cursor
              movements  locally  on  the  client  side  (TightVNC-specific).  Using cursor shape
              updates decreases delays with remote cursor movements, and  can  improve  bandwidth
              usage dramatically.

       -x11cursor
              Use  a  real  X11  cursor with X-style cursor shape updates, instead of drawing the
              remote cursor on the framebuffer. This option also disables  the  dot  cursor,  and
              disables cursor position updates in non-fullscreen mode.

       -autopass
              Read  a  plain-text  password from stdin. This option affects only the standard VNC
              authentication.

ENCODINGS

       The server supplies information in whatever format is desired by the client, in  order  to
       make the client as easy as possible to implement.  If the client represents itself as able
       to use multiple formats, the server will choose one.

       Pixel format refers to the representation of an individual pixel. The most common  formats
       are  24  and  16  bit "true-color" values, and 8-bit "color map" representations, where an
       arbitrary map converts the color number to RGB values.

       Encoding refers to how a rectangle of pixels are sent (all pixel  information  in  VNC  is
       sent as rectangles). All rectangles come with a header giving the location and size of the
       rectangle and an encoding type used by the data which  follows.  These  types  are  listed
       below.

       Raw    The  raw  encoding simply sends width*height pixel values. All clients are required
              to support this encoding type. Raw is also the fastest when the server  and  viewer
              are  on  the  same machine, as the connection speed is essentially infinite and raw
              encoding minimizes processing time.

       CopyRect
              The Copy Rectangle encoding is efficient when something is being  moved;  the  only
              data  sent  is  the location of a rectangle from which data should be copied to the
              current location. Copyrect could also be used to efficiently  transmit  a  repeated
              pattern.

       RRE    The  Rise-and-Run-length-Encoding  is basically a 2D version of run-length encoding
              (RLE). In this encoding, a sequence of identical pixels are compressed to a  single
              value  and  repeat  count. In VNC, this is implemented with a background color, and
              then specifications of an arbitrary number of subrectangles  and  color  for  each.
              This is an efficient encoding for large blocks of constant color.

       CoRRE  This is a minor variation on RRE, using a maximum of 255x255 pixel rectangles. This
              allows for single-byte values to be used, reducing packet size. This is in  general
              more  efficient, because the savings from sending 1-byte values generally outweighs
              the losses from the (relatively rare) cases where very large  regions  are  painted
              the same color.

       Hextile
              Here,  rectangles are split up in to 16x16 tiles, which are sent in a predetermined
              order. The data within the tiles is sent either raw or as a variant on RRE. Hextile
              encoding  is  usually  the best choice for using in high-speed network environments
              (e.g. Ethernet local-area networks).

       Zlib   Zlib is a very simple encoding that uses zlib library to compress raw  pixel  data.
              This  encoding  achieves  good compression, but consumes a lot of CPU time. Support
              for this encoding is provided for compatibility with VNC  servers  that  might  not
              understand Tight encoding which is more efficient than Zlib in nearly all real-life
              situations.

       Tight  Like Zlib encoding, Tight encoding uses zlib library to compress  the  pixel  data,
              but it pre-processes data to maximize compression ratios, and to minimize CPU usage
              on compression. Also, JPEG compression may be  used  to  encode  color-rich  screen
              areas  (see  the description of -quality and -nojpeg options above). Tight encoding
              is usually the best choice for low-bandwidth network environments (e.g. slow  modem
              connections).

RESOURCES

       X  resources  that  vncviewer  knows  about,  aside  from  the normal Xt resources, are as
       follows:

       shareDesktop
              Equivalent of -shared/-noshared options. Default true.

       viewOnly
              Equivalent of -viewonly option. Default false.

       fullScreen
              Equivalent of -fullscreen option. Default false.

       grabKeyboard
              Grab keyboard in full-screen mode. This can help  to  solve  problems  with  losing
              keyboard focus. Default false.

       raiseOnBeep
              Equivalent of -noraiseonbeep option, when set to false. Default true.

       passwordFile
              Equivalent of -passwd option.

       userLogin
              Equivalent of -user option.

       passwordDialog
              Whether  to  use  a  dialog  box  to get the password (true) or get it from the tty
              (false). Irrelevant if passwordFile is set. Default false.

       encodings
              Equivalent of -encodings option.

       compressLevel
              Equivalent of -compresslevel option (TightVNC-specific).

       qualityLevel
              Equivalent of -quality option (TightVNC-specific).

       enableJPEG
              Equivalent of -nojpeg option, when set to false. Default true.

       useRemoteCursor
              Equivalent of -nocursorshape option, when set to false (TightVNC-specific). Default
              true.

       useBGR233
              Equivalent of -bgr233 option. Default false.

       nColours
              When  using  BGR233, try to allocate this many "exact" colors from the BGR233 color
              cube. When using a shared colormap, setting this resource lower leaves more  colors
              for  other  X clients. Irrelevant when using truecolor. Default is 256 (i.e. all of
              them).

       useSharedColours
              If the number of "exact" BGR233 colors successfully allocated is less than 256 then
              the  rest  are  filled  in using the "nearest" colors available. This resource says
              whether to only use the "exact" BGR233 colors for this purpose, or whether  to  use
              other  clients'  "shared"  colors  as  well.  Default true (i.e. use other clients'
              colors).

       forceOwnCmap
              Equivalent of -owncmap option. Default false.

       forceTrueColour
              Equivalent of -truecolour option. Default false.

       requestedDepth
              Equivalent of -depth option.

       useSharedMemory
              Use MIT shared memory extension if on the same machine as  the  X  server.  Default
              true.

       wmDecorationWidth, wmDecorationHeight
              The total width and height taken up by window manager decorations.  This is used to
              calculate the maximum size of the VNC viewer window.  Default is  width  4,  height
              24.

       bumpScrollTime, bumpScrollPixels
              When  in  full  screen  mode  and  the  VNC  desktop  is bigger than the X display,
              scrolling happens whenever the mouse hits the edge of the screen. The maximum speed
              of  scrolling  is  bumpScrollPixels  pixels  every bumpScrollTime milliseconds. The
              actual speed of scrolling will be slower than this, of  course,  depending  on  how
              fast your machine is.  Default 20 pixels every 25 milliseconds.

       popupButtonCount
              The number of buttons in the popup window. See the README file for more information
              on how to customize the buttons.

       debug  For debugging. Default false.

       rawDelay, copyRectDelay
              For debugging, see the README file for details. Default 0 (off).

ENVIRONMENT

       When started with the -via option, vncviewer reads the VNC_VIA_CMD  environment  variable,
       expands  patterns  beginning  with  the  "%"  character,  and executes result as a command
       assuming that it would create TCP tunnel that should be used for VNC  connection.  If  not
       set, this environment variable defaults to "/usr/bin/ssh -f -L %L:%H:%R %G sleep 20".

       The  following  patterns are recognized in the VNC_VIA_CMD (note that all the patterns %G,
       %H, %L and %R must be present in the command template):

       %%     A literal "%";

       %G     gateway host name;

       %H     remote VNC host name, as known to the gateway;

       %L     local TCP port number;

       %R     remote TCP port number.

SEE ALSO

       vncserver(1), Xvnc(1), vncpasswd(1), vncconnect(1), ssh(1)

AUTHORS

       Original VNC was  developed  in  AT&T  Laboratories  Cambridge.  TightVNC  additions  were
       implemented  by  Constantin  Kaplinsky.  Many  other  people  participated in development,
       testing and support.

       Man page authors:
       Marcus Brinkmann <Marcus.Brinkmann@ruhr-uni-bochum.de>,
       Terran Melconian <terran@consistent.org>,
       Tim Waugh <twaugh@redhat.com>,
       Constantin Kaplinsky <const@tightvnc.com>

                                           August 2006                               vncviewer(1)