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NAME
Arg - Parsing of command line arguments.
Module
Module Arg
Documentation
Module Arg
: sig end
Parsing of command line arguments.
This module provides a general mechanism for extracting options and arguments from the command line to
the program.
Syntax of command lines: A keyword is a character string starting with a - . An option is a keyword
alone or followed by an argument. The types of keywords are: Unit , Bool , Set , Clear , String ,
Set_string , Int , Set_int , Float , Set_float , Tuple , Symbol , and Rest . Unit , Set and Clear
keywords take no argument. A Rest keyword takes the remaining of the command line as arguments. Every
other keyword takes the following word on the command line as argument. Arguments not preceded by a
keyword are called anonymous arguments.
Examples ( cmd is assumed to be the command name):
- cmd -flag (a unit option)
- cmd -int 1 (an int option with argument 1 )
- cmd -string foobar (a string option with argument foobar )
- cmd -float 12.34 (a float option with argument 12.34 )
- cmd a b c (three anonymous arguments: a , b , and c )
- cmd a b -- c d (two anonymous arguments and a rest option with two arguments)
type spec =
| Unit of (unit -> unit) (* Call the function with unit argument *)
| Bool of (bool -> unit) (* Call the function with a bool argument *)
| Set of bool Pervasives.ref (* Set the reference to true *)
| Clear of bool Pervasives.ref (* Set the reference to false *)
| String of (string -> unit) (* Call the function with a string argument *)
| Set_string of string Pervasives.ref (* Set the reference to the string argument *)
| Int of (int -> unit) (* Call the function with an int argument *)
| Set_int of int Pervasives.ref (* Set the reference to the int argument *)
| Float of (float -> unit) (* Call the function with a float argument *)
| Set_float of float Pervasives.ref (* Set the reference to the float argument *)
| Tuple of spec list (* Take several arguments according to the spec list *)
| Symbol of string list * (string -> unit) (* Take one of the symbols as argument and call the function
with the symbol *)
| Rest of (string -> unit) (* Stop interpreting keywords and call the function with each remaining
argument *)
The concrete type describing the behavior associated with a keyword.
type key = string
type doc = string
type usage_msg = string
type anon_fun = string -> unit
val parse : (key * spec * doc) list -> anon_fun -> usage_msg -> unit
Arg.parse speclist anon_fun usage_msg parses the command line. speclist is a list of triples (key, spec,
doc) . key is the option keyword, it must start with a '-' character. spec gives the option type and
the function to call when this option is found on the command line. doc is a one-line description of
this option. anon_fun is called on anonymous arguments. The functions in spec and anon_fun are called
in the same order as their arguments appear on the command line.
If an error occurs, Arg.parse exits the program, after printing to standard error an error message as
follows:
- The reason for the error: unknown option, invalid or missing argument, etc.
- usage_msg
- The list of options, each followed by the corresponding doc string. Beware: options that have an
empty doc string will not be included in the list.
For the user to be able to specify anonymous arguments starting with a - , include for example ("-",
String anon_fun, doc) in speclist .
By default, parse recognizes two unit options, -help and --help , which will print to standard output
usage_msg and the list of options, and exit the program. You can override this behaviour by specifying
your own -help and --help options in speclist .
val parse_dynamic : (string * spec * string) list Pervasives.ref -> anon_fun -> string -> unit
Same as Arg.parse , except that the speclist argument is a reference and may be updated during the
parsing. A typical use for this feature is to parse command lines of the form:
- command subcommand options where the list of options depends on the value of the subcommand
argument.
val parse_argv : ?current:int Pervasives.ref -> string array -> (key * spec * doc) list -> anon_fun ->
usage_msg -> unit
Arg.parse_argv ~current args speclist anon_fun usage_msg parses the array args as if it were the command
line. It uses and updates the value of ~current (if given), or Arg.current . You must set it before
calling parse_argv . The initial value of current is the index of the program name (argument 0) in the
array. If an error occurs, Arg.parse_argv raises Arg.Bad with the error message as argument. If option
-help or --help is given, Arg.parse_argv raises Arg.Help with the help message as argument.
val parse_argv_dynamic : ?current:int Pervasives.ref -> string array -> (string * spec * string) list
Pervasives.ref -> anon_fun -> string -> unit
Same as Arg.parse_argv , except that the speclist argument is a reference and may be updated during the
parsing. See Arg.parse_dynamic .
exception Help of string
Raised by Arg.parse_argv when the user asks for help.
exception Bad of string
Functions in spec or anon_fun can raise Arg.Bad with an error message to reject invalid arguments.
Arg.Bad is also raised by Arg.parse_argv in case of an error.
val usage : (key * spec * doc) list -> usage_msg -> unit
Arg.usage speclist usage_msg prints to standard error an error message that includes the list of valid
options. This is the same message that Arg.parse prints in case of error. speclist and usage_msg are
the same as for Arg.parse .
val usage_string : (key * spec * doc) list -> usage_msg -> string
Returns the message that would have been printed by Arg.usage , if provided with the same parameters.
val align : (key * spec * doc) list -> (key * spec * doc) list
Align the documentation strings by inserting spaces at the first space, according to the length of the
keyword. Use a space as the first character in a doc string if you want to align the whole string. The
doc strings corresponding to Symbol arguments are aligned on the next line.
val current : int Pervasives.ref
Position (in Sys.argv ) of the argument being processed. You can change this value, e.g. to force
Arg.parse to skip some arguments. Arg.parse uses the initial value of Arg.current as the index of
argument 0 (the program name) and starts parsing arguments at the next element.