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NAME
SoVRMLViewpoint -
The SoVRMLViewpoint class is a perspective camera class.
The detailed class documentation is taken verbatim from the VRML97 standard (ISO/IEC
14772-1:1997). It is copyright The Web3D Consortium, and is used by permission of the
Consortium:
SYNOPSIS
#include <Inventor/VRMLnodes/SoVRMLViewpoint.h>
Inherits SoNode.
Public Member Functions
virtual SoType getTypeId (void) const
Returns the type identification of an object derived from a class inheriting SoBase.
This is used for run-time type checking and 'downward' casting.
SoVRMLViewpoint (void)
virtual void GLRender (SoGLRenderAction *action)
Static Public Member Functions
static SoType getClassTypeId (void)
static void initClass (void)
Public Attributes
SoSFVec3f position
SoSFRotation orientation
SoSFFloat fieldOfView
SoSFString description
SoSFBool jump
Protected Member Functions
virtual const SoFieldData * getFieldData (void) const
virtual ~SoVRMLViewpoint ()
Static Protected Member Functions
static const SoFieldData ** getFieldDataPtr (void)
Protected Attributes
SoSFBool set_bind
SoSFTime bindTime
SoSFBool isBound
Additional Inherited Members
Detailed Description
The SoVRMLViewpoint class is a perspective camera class.
The detailed class documentation is taken verbatim from the VRML97 standard (ISO/IEC
14772-1:1997). It is copyright The Web3D Consortium, and is used by permission of the
Consortium:
Viewpoint {
eventIn SFBool set_bind
exposedField SFFloat fieldOfView 0.785398 # (0,inf)
exposedField SFBool jump TRUE
exposedField SFRotation orientation 0 0 1 0 # [-1,1],(-inf,inf)
exposedField SFVec3f position 0 0 10 # (-inf,inf)
field SFString description ""
eventOut SFTime bindTime
eventOut SFBool isBound
}
The Viewpoint node defines a specific location in the local coordinate system from which
the user may view the scene. Viewpoint nodes are bindable children nodes (see 4.6.10,
Bindable children nodes: http://www.web3d.org/x3d/specifications/vrml/ISO-
IEC-14772-VRML97/part1/concepts.html#4.6.10) and thus there exists a Viewpoint node stack
in the browser in which the top-most Viewpoint node on the stack is the currently active
Viewpoint node. If a TRUE value is sent to the set_bind eventIn of a Viewpoint node, it is
moved to the top of the Viewpoint node stack and activated. When a Viewpoint node is at
the top of the stack, the user's view is conceptually re-parented as a child of the
Viewpoint node. All subsequent changes to the Viewpoint node's coordinate system change
the user's view (e.g., changes to any ancestor transformation nodes or to the Viewpoint
node's position or orientation fields). Sending a set_bind FALSE event removes the
Viewpoint node from the stack and produces isBound FALSE and bindTime events. If the
popped Viewpoint node is at the top of the viewpoint stack, the user's view is re-parented
to the next entry in the stack. More details on binding stacks can be found in 4.6.10,
Bindable children nodes (http://www.web3d.org/x3d/specifications/vrml/ISO-
IEC-14772-VRML97/part1/concepts.html#4.6.10). When a Viewpoint node is moved to the top of
the stack, the existing top of stack Viewpoint node sends an isBound FALSE event and is
pushed down the stack.
An author can automatically move the user's view through the world by binding the user to
a Viewpoint node and then animating either the Viewpoint node or the transformations above
it. Browsers shall allow the user view to be navigated relative to the coordinate system
defined by the Viewpoint node (and the transformations above it) even if the Viewpoint
node or its ancestors' transformations are being animated.
The bindTime eventOut sends the time at which the Viewpoint node is bound or unbound. This
can happen:
• during loading;
• when a set_bind event is sent to the Viewpoint node;
• when the browser binds to the Viewpoint node through its user interface described below.
The position and orientation fields of the Viewpoint node specify relative locations in
the local coordinate system. Position is relative to the coordinate system's origin
(0,0,0), while orientation specifies a rotation relative to the default orientation. In
the default position and orientation, the viewer is on the Z-axis looking down the -Z-axis
toward the origin with +X to the right and +Y straight up. Viewpoint nodes are affected by
the transformation hierarchy.
Navigation types (see SoVRMLNavigationInfo) that require a definition of a down vector
(e.g., terrain following) shall use the negative Y-axis of the coordinate system of the
currently bound Viewpoint node. Likewise, navigation types that require a definition of an
up vector shall use the positive Y-axis of the coordinate system of the currently bound
Viewpoint node. The orientation field of the Viewpoint node does not affect the definition
of the down or up vectors. This allows the author to separate the viewing direction from
the gravity direction.
The jump field specifies whether the user's view 'jumps' to the position and orientation
of a bound Viewpoint node or remains unchanged. This jump is instantaneous and
discontinuous in that no collisions are performed and no ProximitySensor nodes are checked
in between the starting and ending jump points. If the user's position before the jump is
inside a ProximitySensor the exitTime of that sensor shall send the same timestamp as the
bind eventIn. Similarly, if the user's position after the jump is inside a ProximitySensor
the enterTime of that sensor shall send the same timestamp as the bind eventIn. Regardless
of the value of jump at bind time, the relative viewing transformation between the user's
view and the current Viewpoint node shall be stored with the current Viewpoint node for
later use when un-jumping (i.e., popping the Viewpoint node binding stack from a Viewpoint
node with jump TRUE). The following summarizes the bind stack rules (see 4.6.10, Bindable
children nodes: http://www.web3d.org/x3d/specifications/vrml/ISO-
IEC-14772-VRML97/part1/concepts.html#4.6.10) with additional rules regarding Viewpoint
nodes (displayed in boldface type):
• During read, the first encountered Viewpoint node is bound by pushing it to the top of
the Viewpoint node stack. If a Viewpoint node name is specified in the URL that is being
read, this named Viewpoint node is considered to be the first encountered Viewpoint
node. Nodes contained within SoVRMLInline nodes, within the strings passed to the
Browser.createVrmlFromString() method, or within files passed to the
Browser.createVrmlFromURL() method (see 4.12.10, Browser script interface:
http://www.web3d.org/x3d/specifications/vrml/ISO-
IEC-14772-VRML97/part1/concepts.html#4.12.10) are not candidates for the first
encountered Viewpoint node. The first node within a prototype instance is a valid
candidate for the first encountered Viewpoint node. The first encountered Viewpoint node
sends an isBound TRUE event.
• When a set_bind TRUE event is received by a Viewpoint node,
• If it is not on the top of the stack: The relative transformation from the current top
of stack Viewpoint node to the user's view is stored with the current top of stack
Viewpoint node. The current top of stack node sends an isBound FALSE event. The new
node is moved to the top of the stack and becomes the currently bound Viewpoint node.
The new Viewpoint node (top of stack) sends an isBound TRUE event. If jump is TRUE for
the new Viewpoint node, the user's view is instantaneously 'jumped' to match the
values in the position and orientation fields of the new Viewpoint node.
• If the node is already at the top of the stack, this event has no affect.
• When a set_bind FALSE event is received by a Viewpoint node in the stack, it is removed
from the stack. If it was on the top of the stack,
• it sends an isBound FALSE event,
• the next node in the stack becomes the currently bound Viewpoint node (i.e., pop) and
issues an isBound TRUE event,
• if its jump field value is TRUE, the user's view is instantaneously 'jumped' to the
position and orientation of the next Viewpoint node in the stack with the stored
relative transformation of this next Viewpoint node applied.
• If a set_bind FALSE event is received by a node not in the stack, the event is ignored
and isBound events are not sent.
• When a node replaces another node at the top of the stack, the isBound TRUE and FALSE
events from the two nodes are sent simultaneously (i.e., with identical timestamps).
• If a bound node is deleted, it behaves as if it received a set_bind FALSE event.
The jump field may change after a Viewpoint node is bound. The rules described above still
apply. If jump was TRUE when the Viewpoint node is bound, but changed to FALSE before the
set_bind FALSE is sent, the Viewpoint node does not un-jump during unbind. If jump was
FALSE when the Viewpoint node is bound, but changed to TRUE before the set_bind FALSE is
sent, the Viewpoint node does perform the un-jump during unbind.
Note that there are two other mechanisms that result in the binding of a new Viewpoint:
• An Anchor node's url field specifies a '#ViewpointName'.
• A script invokes the loadURL() method and the URL argument specifies a '#ViewpointName'.
Both of these mechanisms override the jump field value of the specified Viewpoint node
(#ViewpointName) and assume that jump is TRUE when binding to the new Viewpoint. The
behaviour of the viewer transition to the newly bound Viewpoint depends on the currently
bound NavigationInfo node's type field value (see SoVRMLNavigationInfo).
The fieldOfView field specifies a preferred minimum viewing angle from this viewpoint in
radians. A small field of view roughly corresponds to a telephoto lens; a large field of
view roughly corresponds to a wide-angle lens. The field of view shall be greater than
zero and smaller than . The value of fieldOfView represents the minimum viewing angle in
any direction axis perpendicular to the view. For example, a browser with a rectangular
viewing projection shall have the following relationship:
display width tan(FOVhorizontal/2)
-------------- = -----------------
display height tan(FOVvertical/2)
where the smaller of display width or display height determines which angle equals the
fieldOfView (the larger angle is computed using the relationship described above). The
larger angle shall not exceed and may force the smaller angle to be less than fieldOfView
in order to sustain the aspect ratio.
The description field specifies a textual description of the Viewpoint node. This may be
used by browser-specific user interfaces. If a Viewpoint's description field is empty it
is recommended that the browser not present this Viewpoint in its browser-specific user
interface.
The URL syntax '.../scene.wrl#ViewpointName' specifies the user's initial view when
loading 'scene.wrl' to be the first Viewpoint node in the VRML file that appears as DEF
ViewpointName Viewpoint {...}. This overrides the first Viewpoint node in the VRML file as
the initial user view, and a set_bind TRUE message is sent to the Viewpoint node named
'ViewpointName'. If the Viewpoint node named 'ViewpointName' is not found, the browser
shall use the first Viewpoint node in the VRML file (i.e. the normal default behaviour).
The URL syntax '#ViewpointName' (i.e. no file name) specifies a viewpoint within the
existing VRML file. If this URL is loaded (e.g. Anchor node's url field or loadURL()
method is invoked by a Script node), the Viewpoint node named 'ViewpointName' is bound (a
set_bind TRUE event is sent to this Viewpoint node).
The results are undefined if a Viewpoint node is bound and is the child of an LOD, Switch,
or any node or prototype that disables its children. If a Viewpoint node is bound that
results in collision with geometry, the browser shall perform its self-defined navigation
adjustments as if the user navigated to this point (see SoVRMLCollision).
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
SoVRMLViewpoint::SoVRMLViewpoint (void)
Constructor.
SoVRMLViewpoint::~SoVRMLViewpoint () [protected], [virtual]
Destructor.
Member Function Documentation
SoType SoVRMLViewpoint::getTypeId (void) const [virtual]
Returns the type identification of an object derived from a class inheriting SoBase. This
is used for run-time type checking and 'downward' casting. Usage example:
void foo(SoNode * node)
{
if (node->getTypeId() == SoFile::getClassTypeId()) {
SoFile * filenode = (SoFile *)node; // safe downward cast, knows the type
}
}
For application programmers wanting to extend the library with new nodes, engines,
nodekits, draggers or others: this method needs to be overridden in all subclasses. This
is typically done as part of setting up the full type system for extension classes, which
is usually accomplished by using the pre-defined macros available through for instance
Inventor/nodes/SoSubNode.h (SO_NODE_INIT_CLASS and SO_NODE_CONSTRUCTOR for node classes),
Inventor/engines/SoSubEngine.h (for engine classes) and so on.
For more information on writing Coin extensions, see the class documentation of the
toplevel superclasses for the various class groups.
Implements SoBase.
const SoFieldData * SoVRMLViewpoint::getFieldData (void) const [protected], [virtual]
Returns a pointer to the class-wide field data storage object for this instance. If no
fields are present, returns NULL.
Reimplemented from SoFieldContainer.
void SoVRMLViewpoint::GLRender (SoGLRenderAction *action) [virtual]
Action method for the SoGLRenderAction.
This is called during rendering traversals. Nodes influencing the rendering state in any
way or who wants to throw geometry primitives at OpenGL overrides this method.
Reimplemented from SoNode.
Member Data Documentation
SoSFVec3f SoVRMLViewpoint::position
The viewpoint position. Default value is (0, 0, 0).
SoSFRotation SoVRMLViewpoint::orientation
The camera orientation. By default the camera is aligned along the negative z-axis.
SoSFFloat SoVRMLViewpoint::fieldOfView
Field of view. Default value is PI/4.
SoSFString SoVRMLViewpoint::description
A textual viewpoint description. Is empty by default.
SoSFBool SoVRMLViewpoint::jump
Jump TRUE/FALSE.
SoSFBool SoVRMLViewpoint::set_bind [protected]
An eventIn that is used to bind the viewpoint.
SoSFTime SoVRMLViewpoint::bindTime [protected]
An event out that is sent when the viewpoint is bound.
SoSFBool SoVRMLViewpoint::isBound [protected]
An event out that is sent when the viewpoint is bound/unbound.
Author
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