Provided by: libxml-rss-perl_1.54-1_all 
NAME
XML::RSS - creates and updates RSS files
SYNOPSIS
# create an RSS 1.0 file (http://purl.org/rss/1.0/)
use XML::RSS;
my $rss = XML::RSS->new(version => '1.0');
$rss->channel(
title => "freshmeat.net",
link => "http://freshmeat.net",
description => "the one-stop-shop for all your Linux software needs",
dc => {
date => '2000-08-23T07:00+00:00',
subject => "Linux Software",
creator => 'scoop@freshmeat.net',
publisher => 'scoop@freshmeat.net',
rights => 'Copyright 1999, Freshmeat.net',
language => 'en-us',
},
syn => {
updatePeriod => "hourly",
updateFrequency => "1",
updateBase => "1901-01-01T00:00+00:00",
},
taxo => [
'http://dmoz.org/Computers/Internet',
'http://dmoz.org/Computers/PC'
]
);
$rss->image(
title => "freshmeat.net",
url => "http://freshmeat.net/images/fm.mini.jpg",
link => "http://freshmeat.net",
dc => {
creator => "G. Raphics (graphics at freshmeat.net)",
},
);
$rss->add_item(
title => "GTKeyboard 0.85",
link => "http://freshmeat.net/news/1999/06/21/930003829.html",
description => "GTKeyboard is a graphical keyboard that ...",
dc => {
subject => "X11/Utilities",
creator => "David Allen (s2mdalle at titan.vcu.edu)",
},
taxo => [
'http://dmoz.org/Computers/Internet',
'http://dmoz.org/Computers/PC'
]
);
$rss->textinput(
title => "quick finder",
description => "Use the text input below to search freshmeat",
name => "query",
link => "http://core.freshmeat.net/search.php3",
);
# Optionally mixing in elements of a non-standard module/namespace
$rss->add_module(prefix=>'my', uri=>'http://purl.org/my/rss/module/');
$rss->add_item(
title => "xIrc 2.4pre2",
link => "http://freshmeat.net/projects/xirc/",
description => "xIrc is an X11-based IRC client which ...",
my => {
rating => "A+",
category => "X11/IRC",
},
);
$rss->add_item (title=>$title, link=>$link, slash=>{ topic=>$topic });
# create an RSS 2.0 file
use XML::RSS;
my $rss = XML::RSS->new (version => '2.0');
$rss->channel(title => 'freshmeat.net',
link => 'http://freshmeat.net',
language => 'en',
description => 'the one-stop-shop for all your Linux software needs',
rating => '(PICS-1.1 "http://www.classify.org/safesurf/" 1 r (SS~~000 1))',
copyright => 'Copyright 1999, Freshmeat.net',
pubDate => 'Thu, 23 Aug 1999 07:00:00 GMT',
lastBuildDate => 'Thu, 23 Aug 1999 16:20:26 GMT',
docs => 'http://www.blahblah.org/fm.cdf',
managingEditor => 'scoop@freshmeat.net',
webMaster => 'scoop@freshmeat.net'
);
$rss->image(title => 'freshmeat.net',
url => 'http://freshmeat.net/images/fm.mini.jpg',
link => 'http://freshmeat.net',
width => 88,
height => 31,
description => 'This is the Freshmeat image stupid'
);
$rss->add_item(title => "GTKeyboard 0.85",
# creates a guid field with permaLink=true
permaLink => "http://freshmeat.net/news/1999/06/21/930003829.html",
# alternately creates a guid field with permaLink=false
# guid => "gtkeyboard-0.85"
enclosure => { url=>$url, type=>"application/x-bittorrent" },
description => 'blah blah'
);
$rss->textinput(title => "quick finder",
description => "Use the text input below to search freshmeat",
name => "query",
link => "http://core.freshmeat.net/search.php3"
);
# create an RSS 0.9 file
use XML::RSS;
my $rss = XML::RSS->new( version => '0.9' );
$rss->channel(title => "freshmeat.net",
link => "http://freshmeat.net",
description => "the one-stop-shop for all your Linux software needs",
);
$rss->image(title => "freshmeat.net",
url => "http://freshmeat.net/images/fm.mini.jpg",
link => "http://freshmeat.net"
);
$rss->add_item(title => "GTKeyboard 0.85",
link => "http://freshmeat.net/news/1999/06/21/930003829.html"
);
$rss->textinput(title => "quick finder",
description => "Use the text input below to search freshmeat",
name => "query",
link => "http://core.freshmeat.net/search.php3"
);
# print the RSS as a string
print $rss->as_string;
# or save it to a file
$rss->save("fm.rdf");
# insert an item into an RSS file and removes the oldest ones if
# there are already 15 items or more
my $rss = XML::RSS->new;
$rss->parsefile("fm.rdf");
while (@{$rss->{'items'}} >= 15)
{
shift (@{ $rss->{'items'} });
}
$rss->add_item(title => "MpegTV Player (mtv) 1.0.9.7",
link => "http://freshmeat.net/news/1999/06/21/930003958.html",
mode => 'insert'
);
# parse a string instead of a file
$rss->parse($string);
# print the title and link of each RSS item
foreach my $item (@{$rss->{'items'}}) {
print "title: $item->{'title'}\n";
print "link: $item->{'link'}\n\n";
}
# output the RSS 0.9 or 0.91 file as RSS 1.0
$rss->{output} = '1.0';
print $rss->as_string;
DESCRIPTION
This module provides a basic framework for creating and maintaining RDF Site Summary (RSS)
files. This distribution also contains many examples that allow you to generate HTML from
an RSS, convert between 0.9, 0.91, and 1.0 version, and other nifty things. This might be
helpful if you want to include news feeds on your Web site from sources like Slashdot and
Freshmeat or if you want to syndicate your own content.
XML::RSS currently supports 0.9, 0.91, and 1.0 versions of RSS. See
http://backend.userland.com/rss091 for information on RSS 0.91. See
http://www.purplepages.ie/RSS/netscape/rss0.90.html for RSS 0.9. See
http://web.resource.org/rss/1.0/ for RSS 1.0.
RSS was originally developed by Netscape as the format for Netscape Netcenter channels,
however, many Web sites have since adopted it as a simple syndication format. With the
advent of RSS 1.0, users are now able to syndication many different kinds of content
including news headlines, threaded measages, products catalogs, etc.
Note: In order to parse and generate dates (such as "pubDate" and "dc:date") it is
recommended to use DateTime::Format::Mail and DateTime::Format::W3CDTF , which is what
XML::RSS uses internally and requires.
METHODS
XML::RSS->new(version=>$version, encoding=>$encoding, output=>$output,
stylesheet=>$stylesheet_url, 'xml:base'=>$base)
Constructor for XML::RSS. It returns a reference to an XML::RSS object. You may also
pass the RSS version and the XML encoding to use. The default version is 1.0. The
default encoding is UTF-8. You may also specify the output format regardless of the
input version. This comes in handy when you want to convert RSS between versions. The
XML::RSS modules will convert between any of the formats. If you set <encode_output>
XML::RSS will make sure to encode any entities in generated RSS. This is now on by
default.
You can also pass an optional URL to an XSL stylesheet that can be used to output an
"<?xsl-stylesheet ... ?>" meta-tag in the header that will allow some browsers to
render the RSS file as HTML.
You can also set "encode_cb" to a reference to a subroutine that will encode the
output in a custom way. This subroutine accepts two parameters: a reference to the
"XML::RSS::Private::Output::Base"-derived object (which should normally not concern
you) and the text to encode. It should return the text to encode. If not set, then the
module will encode using its custom encoding routine.
xml:base will set an "xml:base" property as per
http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/
Note that in order to encode properly, you need to handle "CDATA" sections properly.
Look at XML::RSS::Private::Output::Base's "_default_encode()" method for how to do it
properly.
add_item (title=>$title, link=>$link, description=>$desc, mode=>$mode)
Adds an item to the XML::RSS object. mode and description are optional. The default
mode is append, which adds the item to the end of the list. To insert an item, set the
mode to insert.
The items are stored in the array "@{$obj->{'items'}}" where $obj is a reference to an
XML::RSS object.
One can specify a category by using the 'category' key. 'category' can point to an
array reference of categories:
$rss->add_item(
title => "Foo&Bar",
link => "http://www.my.tld/",
category => ["OneCat", "TooCat", "3Kitties"],
);
as_string;
Returns a string containing the RSS for the XML::RSS object. This method will also
encode special characters along the way.
channel (title=>$title, link=>$link, description=>$desc, language=>$language,
rating=>$rating, copyright=>$copyright, pubDate=>$pubDate, lastBuildDate=>$lastBuild,
docs=>$docs, managingEditor=>$editor, webMaster=>$webMaster)
Channel information is required in RSS. The title cannot be more the 40 characters,
the link 500, and the description 500 when outputting RSS 0.9. title, link, and
description, are required for RSS 1.0. language is required for RSS 0.91. The other
parameters are optional for RSS 0.91 and 1.0.
To retrieve the values of the channel, pass the name of the value (title, link, or
description) as the first and only argument like so:
$title = channel('title');
image (title=>$title, url=>$url, link=>$link, width=>$width, height=>$height,
description=>$desc)
Adding an image is not required. url is the URL of the image, link is the URL the
image is linked to. title, url, and link parameters are required if you are going to
use an image in your RSS file. The remaining image elements are used in RSS 0.91 or
optionally imported into RSS 1.0 via the rss091 namespace.
The method for retrieving the values for the image is the same as it is for channel().
parse ($string, \%options)
Parses an RDF Site Summary which is passed into parse() as the first parameter.
Returns the instance of the object so one can say
"$rss->parse($string)->other_method()".
See the add_module() method for instructions on automatically adding modules as a
string is parsed.
%options is a list of options that specify how parsing is to be done. The available
options are:
• allow_multiple
Takes an array ref of names which indicates which elements should be allowed to
have multiple occurrences. So, for example, to parse feeds with multiple
enclosures
$rss->parse($xml, { allow_multiple => ['enclosure'] });
• hashrefs_instead_of_strings
If true, then some items (so far ""description"") will become hash-references
instead of strings (with a content key containing their content , if they have XML
attributes. Without this key, the attributes will be ignored and there will only
be a string. Thus, specifying this option may break compatibility.
• modules_as_arrays
This option when true, will parse the modules key-value-pairs as an arrayref of "{
el => $key_name, value => $value, }" hash-refs to gracefully handle duplicate
items (see below). It will not affect the known modules such as dc ("Dublin
Core").
parsefile ($file, \%options)
Same as parse() except it parses a file rather than a string.
See the add_module() method for instructions on automatically adding modules as a
string is parsed.
save ($file)
Saves the RSS to a specified file.
skipDays (day => $day)
Populates the skipDays element with the day $day.
skipHours (hour => $hour)
Populates the skipHours element, with the hour $hour.
strict ($boolean)
If it's set to 1, it will adhere to the lengths as specified by Netscape Netcenter
requirements. It's set to 0 by default. Use it if the RSS file you're generating is
for Netcenter. strict will only work for RSS 0.9 and 0.91. Do not use it for RSS 1.0.
textinput (title=>$title, description=>$desc, name=>$name, link=>$link);
This RSS element is also optional. Using it allows users to submit a Query to a
program on a Web server via an HTML form. name is the HTML form name and link is the
URL to the program. Content is submitted using the GET method.
Access to the textinput values is the the same as channel() and image().
add_module(prefix=>$prefix, uri=>$uri)
Adds a module namespace declaration to the XML::RSS object, allowing you to add
modularity outside of the the standard RSS 1.0 modules. At present, the standard
modules Dublin Core (dc) and Syndication (syn) are predefined for your convenience.
The Taxonomy (taxo) module is also internally supported.
The modules are stored in the hash %{$obj->{'modules'}} where $obj is a reference to
an XML::RSS object.
If you want to automatically add modules that the parser finds in namespaces, set the
$XML::RSS::AUTO_ADD variable to a true value. By default the value is false. (N.B.
AUTO_ADD only updates the %{$obj->{'modules'}} hash. It does not provide the other
benefits of using add_module.)
RSS 1.0 MODULES
XML-Namespace-based modularization affords RSS 1.0 compartmentalized extensibility. The
only modules that ship "in the box" with RSS 1.0 are Dublin Core
(http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/dc/), Syndication
(http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/), and Taxonomy
(http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/). Consult the appropriate module's
documentation for further information.
Adding items from these modules in XML::RSS is as simple as adding other attributes such
as title, link, and description. The only difference is the compartmentalization of their
key/value paris in a second-level hash.
$rss->add_item (title=>$title, link=>$link, dc=>{ subject=>$subject, creator=>$creator, date=>$date });
For elements of the Dublin Core module, use the key 'dc'. For elements of the Syndication
module, 'syn'. For elements of the Taxonomy module, 'taxo'. These are the prefixes used
in the RSS XML document itself. They are associated with appropriate URI-based
namespaces:
syn: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/
dc: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
taxo: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/
The Dublin Core ('dc') hash keys may be point to an array reference, which in turn will
specify multiple such keys, and render them one after the other. For example:
$rss->add_item (
title => $title,
link => $link,
dc => {
subject=> ["Jungle", "Desert", "Swamp"],
creator=>$creator,
date=>$date
},
);
Dublin Core elements may occur in channel, image, item(s), and textinput -- albeit
uncomming to find them under image and textinput. Syndication elements are limited to the
channel element. Taxonomy elements can occur in the channel or item elements.
Access to module elements after parsing an RSS 1.0 document using XML::RSS is via either
the prefix or namespace URI for your convenience.
print $rss->{items}->[0]->{dc}->{subject};
or
print $rss->{items}->[0]->{'http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/'}->{subject};
XML::RSS also has support for "non-standard" RSS 1.0 modularization at the channel, image,
item, and textinput levels. Parsing an RSS document grabs any elements of other
namespaces which might appear. XML::RSS also allows the inclusion of arbitrary namespaces
and associated elements when building RSS documents.
For example, to add elements of a made-up "My" module, first declare the namespace by
associating a prefix with a URI:
$rss->add_module(prefix=>'my', uri=>'http://purl.org/my/rss/module/');
Then proceed as usual:
$rss->add_item (title=>$title, link=>$link, my=>{ rating=>$rating });
You can also set the value of the module's prefix to an array reference of "{ el => , val
=> }" hash-references, in which case duplicate elements are possible:
$rss->add_item(title=>$title, link=>$link, my=> [
{el => "rating", value => $rating1, }
{el => "rating", value => $rating2, },
]
Non-standard namespaces are not, however, currently accessible via a simple prefix; access
them via their namespace URL like so:
print $rss->{items}->[0]->{'http://purl.org/my/rss/module/'}->{rating};
XML::RSS will continue to provide built-in support for standard RSS 1.0 modules as they
appear.
Non-API Methods
$rss->as_rss_0_9()
WARNING: this function is not an API function and should not be called directly. It is
kept as is for backwards compatibility with legacy code. Use the following code instead:
$rss->{output} = "0.9";
my $text = $rss->as_string();
This function renders the data in the object as an RSS version 0.9 feed, and returns the
resultant XML as text.
$rss->as_rss_0_9_1()
WARNING: this function is not an API function and should not be called directly. It is
kept as is for backwards compatibility with legacy code. Use the following code instead:
$rss->{output} = "0.91";
my $text = $rss->as_string();
This function renders the data in the object as an RSS version 0.91 feed, and returns the
resultant XML as text.
$rss->as_rss_1_0()
WARNING: this function is not an API function and should not be called directly. It is
kept as is for backwards compatibility with legacy code. Use the following code instead:
$rss->{output} = "1.0";
my $text = $rss->as_string();
This function renders the data in the object as an RSS version 1.0 feed, and returns the
resultant XML as text.
$rss->as_rss_2_0()
WARNING: this function is not an API function and should not be called directly. It is
kept as is for backwards compatibility with legacy code. Use the following code instead:
$rss->{output} = "2.0";
my $text = $rss->as_string();
This function renders the data in the object as an RSS version 2.0 feed, and returns the
resultant XML as text.
$rss->handle_char()
Needed for XML::Parser. Don't use this directly.
$rss->handle_dec()
Needed for XML::Parser. Don't use this directly.
$rss->handle_start()
Needed for XML::Parser. Don't use this directly.
BUGS
Please use rt.cpan.org for tracking bugs. The list of current open bugs is at
<http://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=XML-RSS>.
To report a new bug, go to
<http://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Create.html?Queue=XML-RSS>
Please include a failing test in your bug report. I'd much rather have a well written
test with the bug report than a patch.
When you create diffs (for tests or patches), please use the "-u" parameter to diff.
SOURCE AVAILABILITY
The source is available from the GitHub repository:
<https://github.com/shlomif/perl-XML-RSS>
AUTHOR
Original code: Jonathan Eisenzopf <eisen@pobox.com>
Further changes: Rael Dornfest <rael@oreilly.com>, Ask Bjoern Hansen <ask@develooper.com>
Currently: Shlomi Fish <shlomif@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 2001 Jonathan Eisenzopf <eisen@pobox.com> and Rael Dornfest
<rael@oreilly.com>, Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Ask Bjoern Hansen <ask@develooper.com>.
LICENSE
XML::RSS is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms
as Perl itself.
CREDITS
Wojciech Zwiefka <wojtekz@cnt.pl>
Chris Nandor <pudge@pobox.com>
Jim Hebert <jim@cosource.com>
Randal Schwartz <merlyn@stonehenge.com>
rjp@browser.org
Kellan Elliott-McCrea <kellan@protest.net>
Rafe Colburn <rafe@rafe.us>
Adam Trickett <atrickett@cpan.org>
Aaron Straup Cope <asc@vineyard.net>
Ian Davis <iand@internetalchemy.org>
rayg@varchars.com
Shlomi Fish <shlomif@iglu.org.il>
SEE ALSO
perl(1), XML::Parser(3).