Provided by: libtirpc-dev_0.2.2-5ubuntu2.1_amd64 
NAME
rpc_soc, auth_destroy, authnone_create, authunix_create, authunix_create_default, callrpc,
clnt_broadcast, clnt_call, clnt_control, clnt_create, clnt_destroy, clnt_freeres,
clnt_geterr, clnt_pcreateerror, clnt_perrno, clnt_perror, clnt_spcreateerror, clnt_sperrno,
clnt_sperror, clntraw_create, clnttcp_create, clntudp_bufcreate, clntudp_create,
clntunix_create, get_myaddress, pmap_getmaps, pmap_getport, pmap_rmtcall, pmap_set,
pmap_unset, registerrpc, rpc_createerr, svc_destroy, svc_fds, svc_fdset, svc_getargs,
svc_getcaller, svc_getreq, svc_getreqset, svc_register, svc_run, svc_sendreply,
svc_unregister, svcerr_auth, svcerr_decode, svcerr_noproc, svcerr_noprog, svcerr_progvers,
svcerr_systemerr, svcerr_weakauth, svcfd_create, svcunixfd_create, svcraw_create,
svcunix_create, xdr_accepted_reply, xdr_authunix_parms, xdr_callhdr, xdr_callmsg,
xdr_opaque_auth, xdr_pmap, xdr_pmaplist, xdr_rejected_reply, xdr_replymsg, xprt_register,
xprt_unregister — library routines for remote procedure calls
LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include <rpc/rpc.h>
See DESCRIPTION for function declarations.
DESCRIPTION
The svc_*() and clnt_*() functions described in this page are the old, TS-RPC interface to
the XDR and RPC library, and exist for backward compatibility. The new interface is
described in the pages referenced from rpc(3).
These routines allow C programs to make procedure calls on other machines across the
network. First, the client calls a procedure to send a data packet to the server. Upon
receipt of the packet, the server calls a dispatch routine to perform the requested service,
and then sends back a reply. Finally, the procedure call returns to the client.
Routines that are used for Secure RPC (DES authentication) are described in rpc_secure(3).
Secure RPC can be used only if DES encryption is available.
void
auth_destroy(AUTH *auth)
A macro that destroys the authentication information associated with auth.
Destruction usually involves deallocation of private data structures. The use of
auth is undefined after calling auth_destroy().
AUTH *
authnone_create()
Create and return an RPC authentication handle that passes nonusable authentication
information with each remote procedure call. This is the default authentication
used by RPC.
AUTH *
authunix_create(char *host, int uid, int gid, int len, int *aup_gids)
Create and return an RPC authentication handle that contains UNIX authentication
information. The host argument is the name of the machine on which the information
was created; uid is the user's user ID; gid is the user's current group ID; len and
aup_gids refer to a counted array of groups to which the user belongs. It is easy
to impersonate a user.
AUTH *
authunix_create_default()
Calls authunix_create() with the appropriate arguments.
int callrpc(char *host, u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long procnum, xdrproc_t inproc,
void *in, xdrproc_t outproc, void *out)
Call the remote procedure associated with prognum, versnum, and procnum on the
machine host. The in argument is the address of the procedure's argument(s), and
out is the address of where to place the result(s); inproc is used to encode the
procedure's arguments, and outproc is used to decode the procedure's results. This
routine returns zero if it succeeds, or the value of enum clnt_stat cast to an
integer if it fails. The routine clnt_perrno() is handy for translating failure
statuses into messages.
Warning: calling remote procedures with this routine uses UDP/IP as a transport; see
clntudp_create() for restrictions. You do not have control of timeouts or
authentication using this routine.
enum clnt_stat
clnt_broadcast(u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long procnum, xdrproc_t inproc, char *in,
xdrproc_t outproc, char *out, bool_t (*eachresult)(caddr_t, struct sockaddr_in *))
Like callrpc(), except the call message is broadcast to all locally connected
broadcast nets. Each time it receives a response, this routine calls eachresult(),
whose form is:
bool_t eachresult(caddr_t out, struct sockaddr_in *addr)
where out is the same as out passed to clnt_broadcast(), except that the remote
procedure's output is decoded there; addr points to the address of the machine that
sent the results. If eachresult() returns zero, clnt_broadcast() waits for more
replies; otherwise it returns with appropriate status.
Warning: broadcast sockets are limited in size to the maximum transfer unit of the
data link. For ethernet, this value is 1500 bytes.
enum clnt_stat
clnt_call(CLIENT *clnt, u_long procnum, xdrproc_t inproc, char *in, xdrproc_t outproc,
char *out, struct timeval tout)
A macro that calls the remote procedure procnum associated with the client handle,
clnt, which is obtained with an RPC client creation routine such as clnt_create().
The in argument is the address of the procedure's argument(s), and out is the
address of where to place the result(s); inproc is used to encode the procedure's
arguments, and outproc is used to decode the procedure's results; tout is the time
allowed for results to come back.
void clnt_destroy(CLIENT *clnt)
A macro that destroys the client's RPC handle. Destruction usually involves
deallocation of private data structures, including clnt itself. Use of clnt is
undefined after calling clnt_destroy(). If the RPC library opened the associated
socket, it will close it also. Otherwise, the socket remains open.
CLIENT *
clnt_create(char *host, u_long prog, u_long vers, char *proto)
Generic client creation routine. The host argument identifies the name of the
remote host where the server is located. The proto argument indicates which kind of
transport protocol to use. The currently supported values for this field are "udp"
and "tcp". Default timeouts are set, but can be modified using clnt_control().
Warning: Using UDP has its shortcomings. Since UDP-based RPC messages can only hold
up to 8 Kbytes of encoded data, this transport cannot be used for procedures that
take large arguments or return huge results.
bool_t
clnt_control(CLIENT *cl, u_int req, char *info)
A macro used to change or retrieve various information about a client object. The
req argument indicates the type of operation, and info is a pointer to the
information. For both UDP and TCP, the supported values of req and their argument
types and what they do are:
CLSET_TIMEOUT struct timeval set total timeout
CLGET_TIMEOUT struct timeval get total timeout
Note: if you set the timeout using clnt_control(), the timeout argument passed to
clnt_call() will be ignored in all future calls.
CLGET_SERVER_ADDR struct sockaddr_in get server's address
The following operations are valid for UDP only:
CLSET_RETRY_TIMEOUT struct timeval set the retry timeout
CLGET_RETRY_TIMEOUT struct timeval get the retry timeout
The retry timeout is the time that UDP RPC waits for the server to reply before
retransmitting the request.
bool_t clnt_freeres(CLIENT *clnt, xdrproc_t outproc, char *out)
A macro that frees any data allocated by the RPC/XDR system when it decoded the
results of an RPC call. The out argument is the address of the results, and outproc
is the XDR routine describing the results. This routine returns one if the results
were successfully freed, and zero otherwise.
void
clnt_geterr(CLIENT *clnt, struct rpc_err *errp)
A macro that copies the error structure out of the client handle to the structure at
address errp.
void
clnt_pcreateerror(char *s)
prints a message to standard error indicating why a client RPC handle could not be
created. The message is prepended with string s and a colon. A newline is appended
at the end of the message. Used when a clnt_create(), clntraw_create(),
clnttcp_create(), or clntudp_create() call fails.
void
clnt_perrno(enum clnt_stat stat)
Print a message to standard error corresponding to the condition indicated by stat.
A newline is appended at the end of the message. Used after callrpc().
void clnt_perror(CLIENT *clnt, char *s)
Print a message to standard error indicating why an RPC call failed; clnt is the
handle used to do the call. The message is prepended with string s and a colon. A
newline is appended at the end of the message. Used after clnt_call().
char *
clnt_spcreateerror(char *s)
Like clnt_pcreateerror(), except that it returns a string instead of printing to the
standard error.
Bugs: returns pointer to static data that is overwritten on each call.
char *
clnt_sperrno(enum clnt_stat stat)
Take the same arguments as clnt_perrno(), but instead of sending a message to the
standard error indicating why an RPC call failed, return a pointer to a string which
contains the message.
The clnt_sperrno() function is used instead of clnt_perrno() if the program does not
have a standard error (as a program running as a server quite likely does not), or
if the programmer does not want the message to be output with printf(), or if a
message format different from that supported by clnt_perrno() is to be used.
Note: unlike clnt_sperror() and clnt_spcreateerror(), clnt_sperrno() returns pointer
to static data, but the result will not get overwritten on each call.
char *
clnt_sperror(CLIENT *rpch, char *s)
Like clnt_perror(), except that (like clnt_sperrno()) it returns a string instead of
printing to standard error.
Bugs: returns pointer to static data that is overwritten on each call.
CLIENT *
clntraw_create(u_long prognum, u_long versnum)
This routine creates a toy RPC client for the remote program prognum, version
versnum. The transport used to pass messages to the service is actually a buffer
within the process's address space, so the corresponding RPC server should live in
the same address space; see svcraw_create(). This allows simulation of RPC and
acquisition of RPC overheads, such as round trip times, without any kernel
interference. This routine returns NULL if it fails.
CLIENT *
clnttcp_create(struct sockaddr_in *addr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum, int *sockp,
u_int sendsz, u_int recvsz)
This routine creates an RPC client for the remote program prognum, version versnum;
the client uses TCP/IP as a transport. The remote program is located at Internet
address addr. If addr->sin_port is zero, then it is set to the actual port that the
remote program is listening on (the remote rpcbind(8) service is consulted for this
information). The sockp argument is a socket; if it is RPC_ANYSOCK, then this
routine opens a new one and sets sockp. Since TCP-based RPC uses buffered I/O, the
user may specify the size of the send and receive buffers with the sendsz and recvsz
arguments; values of zero choose suitable defaults. This routine returns NULL if it
fails.
CLIENT *
clntudp_create(struct sockaddr_in *addr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum,
struct timeval wait, int *sockp)
This routine creates an RPC client for the remote program prognum, version versnum;
the client uses UDP/IP as a transport. The remote program is located at Internet
address addr. If addr->sin_port is zero, then it is set to actual port that the
remote program is listening on (the remote rpcbind(8) service is consulted for this
information). The sockp argument is a socket; if it is RPC_ANYSOCK, then this
routine opens a new one and sets sockp. The UDP transport resends the call message
in intervals of wait time until a response is received or until the call times out.
The total time for the call to time out is specified by clnt_call().
Warning: since UDP-based RPC messages can only hold up to 8 Kbytes of encoded data,
this transport cannot be used for procedures that take large arguments or return
huge results.
CLIENT *
clntudp_bufcreate(struct sockaddr_in *addr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum,
struct timeval wait, int *sockp, unsigned int sendsize, unsigned int recosize)
This routine creates an RPC client for the remote program prognum, on versnum; the
client uses UDP/IP as a transport. The remote program is located at Internet
address addr. If addr->sin_port is zero, then it is set to actual port that the
remote program is listening on (the remote rpcbind(8) service is consulted for this
information). The sockp argument is a socket; if it is RPC_ANYSOCK, then this
routine opens a new one and sets sockp. The UDP transport resends the call message
in intervals of wait time until a response is received or until the call times out.
The total time for the call to time out is specified by clnt_call().
This allows the user to specify the maximum packet size for sending and receiving
UDP-based RPC messages.
CLIENT *
clntunix_create(struct sockaddr_un *raddr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum, int *sockp,
u_int sendsz, u_int recvsz)
This routine creates an RPC client for the local program prognum, version versnum;
the client uses UNIX-domain sockets as a transport. The local program is located at
the *raddr. The sockp argument is a socket; if it is RPC_ANYSOCK, then this routine
opens a new one and sets sockp. Since UNIX-based RPC uses buffered I/O, the user
may specify the size of the send and receive buffers with the sendsz and recvsz
arguments; values of zero choose suitable defaults. This routine returns NULL if it
fails.
int
get_myaddress(struct sockaddr_in *addr)
Stuff the machine's IP address into addr, without consulting the library routines
that deal with /etc/hosts. The port number is always set to htons(PMAPPORT).
Returns zero on success, non-zero on failure.
struct pmaplist *
pmap_getmaps(struct sockaddr_in *addr)
A user interface to the rpcbind(8) service, which returns a list of the current RPC
program-to-port mappings on the host located at IP address addr. This routine can
return NULL. The command “rpcinfo -p” uses this routine.
u_short
pmap_getport(struct sockaddr_in *addr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long protocol)
A user interface to the rpcbind(8) service, which returns the port number on which
waits a service that supports program number prognum, version versnum, and speaks
the transport protocol associated with protocol. The value of protocol is most
likely IPPROTO_UDP or IPPROTO_TCP. A return value of zero means that the mapping
does not exist or that the RPC system failed to contact the remote rpcbind(8)
service. In the latter case, the global variable rpc_createerr contains the RPC
status.
enum clnt_stat
pmap_rmtcall(struct sockaddr_in *addr, u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long procnum,
xdrproc_t inproc, char *in, xdrproc_t outproc, char *out, struct timeval tout,
u_long *portp)
A user interface to the rpcbind(8) service, which instructs rpcbind(8) on the host
at IP address addr to make an RPC call on your behalf to a procedure on that host.
The portp argument will be modified to the program's port number if the procedure
succeeds. The definitions of other arguments are discussed in callrpc() and
clnt_call(). This procedure should be used for a “ping” and nothing else. See also
clnt_broadcast().
bool_t pmap_set(u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long protocol, u_short port)
A user interface to the rpcbind(8) service, which establishes a mapping between the
triple (prognum, versnum, protocol) and port on the machine's rpcbind(8) service.
The value of protocol is most likely IPPROTO_UDP or IPPROTO_TCP. This routine
returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise. Automatically done by svc_register().
bool_t pmap_unset(u_long prognum, u_long versnum)
A user interface to the rpcbind(8) service, which destroys all mapping between the
triple (prognum, versnum, *) and ports on the machine's rpcbind(8) service. This
routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
bool_t registerrpc(u_long prognum, u_long versnum, u_long procnum, char *(*procname)(void),
xdrproc_t inproc, xdrproc_t outproc)
Register procedure procname with the RPC service package. If a request arrives for
program prognum, version versnum, and procedure procnum, procname is called with a
pointer to its argument(s); progname should return a pointer to its static
result(s); inproc is used to decode the arguments while outproc is used to encode
the results. This routine returns zero if the registration succeeded, -1 otherwise.
Warning: remote procedures registered in this form are accessed using the UDP/IP
transport; see svcudp_create() for restrictions.
struct rpc_createerr rpc_createerr;
A global variable whose value is set by any RPC client creation routine that does
not succeed. Use the routine clnt_pcreateerror() to print the reason why.
bool_t svc_destroy(SVCXPRT * xprt)
A macro that destroys the RPC service transport handle, xprt. Destruction usually
involves deallocation of private data structures, including xprt itself. Use of
xprt is undefined after calling this routine.
fd_set svc_fdset;
A global variable reflecting the RPC service side's read file descriptor bit mask;
it is suitable as a template argument to the select(2) system call. This is only of
interest if a service implementor does not call svc_run(), but rather does his own
asynchronous event processing. This variable is read-only (do not pass its address
to select(2)!), yet it may change after calls to svc_getreqset() or any creation
routines. As well, note that if the process has descriptor limits which are
extended beyond FD_SETSIZE, this variable will only be usable for the first
FD_SETSIZE descriptors.
int svc_fds;
Similar to svc_fdset, but limited to 32 descriptors. This interface is obsoleted by
svc_fdset.
bool_t svc_freeargs(SVCXPRT *xprt, xdrproc_t inproc, char *in)
A macro that frees any data allocated by the RPC/XDR system when it decoded the
arguments to a service procedure using svc_getargs(). This routine returns 1 if the
results were successfully freed, and zero otherwise.
bool_t svc_getargs(SVCXPRT *xprt, xdrproc_t inproc, char *in)
A macro that decodes the arguments of an RPC request associated with the RPC service
transport handle, xprt. The in argument is the address where the arguments will be
placed; inproc is the XDR routine used to decode the arguments. This routine
returns one if decoding succeeds, and zero otherwise.
struct sockaddr_in *
svc_getcaller(SVCXPRT *xprt)
The approved way of getting the network address of the caller of a procedure
associated with the RPC service transport handle, xprt.
void svc_getreqset(fd_set *rdfds)
This routine is only of interest if a service implementor does not call svc_run(),
but instead implements custom asynchronous event processing. It is called when the
select(2) system call has determined that an RPC request has arrived on some RPC
socket(s); rdfds is the resultant read file descriptor bit mask. The routine
returns when all sockets associated with the value of rdfds have been serviced.
void svc_getreq(int rdfds)
Similar to svc_getreqset(), but limited to 32 descriptors. This interface is
obsoleted by svc_getreqset().
bool_t svc_register(SVCXPRT *xprt, u_long prognum, u_long versnum,
void (*dispatch)(struct svc_req *, SVCXPRT *), int protocol)
Associates prognum and versnum with the service dispatch procedure, dispatch(). If
protocol is zero, the service is not registered with the rpcbind(8) service. If
protocol is non-zero, then a mapping of the triple (prognum, versnum, protocol) to
xprt->xp_port is established with the local rpcbind(8) service (generally protocol
is zero, IPPROTO_UDP or IPPROTO_TCP). The procedure dispatch() has the following
form:
bool_t dispatch(struct svc_req *request, SVCXPRT *xprt)
The svc_register() routine returns one if it succeeds, and zero otherwise.
svc_run()
This routine never returns. It waits for RPC requests to arrive, and calls the
appropriate service procedure using svc_getreq() when one arrives. This procedure
is usually waiting for a select(2) system call to return.
bool_t svc_sendreply(SVCXPRT *xprt, xdrproc_t outproc, char *out)
Called by an RPC service's dispatch routine to send the results of a remote
procedure call. The xprt argument is the request's associated transport handle;
outproc is the XDR routine which is used to encode the results; and out is the
address of the results. This routine returns one if it succeeds, zero otherwise.
void
svc_unregister(u_long prognum, u_long versnum)
Remove all mapping of the double (prognum, versnum) to dispatch routines, and of the
triple (prognum, versnum, *) to port number.
void
svcerr_auth(SVCXPRT *xprt, enum auth_stat why)
Called by a service dispatch routine that refuses to perform a remote procedure call
due to an authentication error.
void
svcerr_decode(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Called by a service dispatch routine that cannot successfully decode its arguments.
See also svc_getargs().
void
svcerr_noproc(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Called by a service dispatch routine that does not implement the procedure number
that the caller requests.
void
svcerr_noprog(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Called when the desired program is not registered with the RPC package. Service
implementors usually do not need this routine.
void
svcerr_progvers(SVCXPRT *xprt, u_long low_vers, u_long high_vers)
Called when the desired version of a program is not registered with the RPC package.
Service implementors usually do not need this routine.
void
svcerr_systemerr(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Called by a service dispatch routine when it detects a system error not covered by
any particular protocol. For example, if a service can no longer allocate storage,
it may call this routine.
void
svcerr_weakauth(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Called by a service dispatch routine that refuses to perform a remote procedure call
due to insufficient authentication arguments. The routine calls svcerr_auth(xprt,
AUTH_TOOWEAK).
SVCXPRT *
svcraw_create(void)
This routine creates a toy RPC service transport, to which it returns a pointer.
The transport is really a buffer within the process's address space, so the
corresponding RPC client should live in the same address space; see
clntraw_create(). This routine allows simulation of RPC and acquisition of RPC
overheads (such as round trip times), without any kernel interference. This routine
returns NULL if it fails.
SVCXPRT *
svctcp_create(int sock, u_int send_buf_size, u_int recv_buf_size)
This routine creates a TCP/IP-based RPC service transport, to which it returns a
pointer. The transport is associated with the socket sock, which may be
RPC_ANYSOCK, in which case a new socket is created. If the socket is not bound to a
local TCP port, then this routine binds it to an arbitrary port. Upon completion,
xprt->xp_fd is the transport's socket descriptor, and xprt->xp_port is the
transport's port number. This routine returns NULL if it fails. Since TCP-based
RPC uses buffered I/O, users may specify the size of buffers; values of zero choose
suitable defaults.
SVCXPRT *
svcunix_create(int sock, u_int send_buf_size, u_int recv_buf_size, char *path)
This routine creates a UNIX-based RPC service transport, to which it returns a
pointer. The transport is associated with the socket sock, which may be
RPC_ANYSOCK, in which case a new socket is created. The *path argument is a
variable-length file system pathname of at most 104 characters. This file is not
removed when the socket is closed. The unlink(2) system call must be used to remove
the file. Upon completion, xprt->xp_fd is the transport's socket descriptor. This
routine returns NULL if it fails. Since UNIX-based RPC uses buffered I/O, users may
specify the size of buffers; values of zero choose suitable defaults.
SVCXPRT *
svcunixfd_create(int fd, u_int sendsize, u_int recvsize)
Create a service on top of any open descriptor. The sendsize and recvsize arguments
indicate sizes for the send and receive buffers. If they are zero, a reasonable
default is chosen.
SVCXPRT *
svcfd_create(int fd, u_int sendsize, u_int recvsize)
Create a service on top of any open descriptor. Typically, this descriptor is a
connected socket for a stream protocol such as TCP. The sendsize and recvsize
arguments indicate sizes for the send and receive buffers. If they are zero, a
reasonable default is chosen.
SVCXPRT *
svcudp_bufcreate(int sock, u_int sendsize, u_int recvsize)
This routine creates a UDP/IP-based RPC service transport, to which it returns a
pointer. The transport is associated with the socket sock, which may be
RPC_ANYSOCK, in which case a new socket is created. If the socket is not bound to a
local UDP port, then this routine binds it to an arbitrary port. Upon completion,
xprt->xp_fd is the transport's socket descriptor, and xprt->xp_port is the
transport's port number. This routine returns NULL if it fails.
This allows the user to specify the maximum packet size for sending and receiving
UDP-based RPC messages.
bool_t xdr_accepted_reply(XDR *xdrs, struct accepted_reply *ar)
Used for encoding RPC reply messages. This routine is useful for users who wish to
generate RPC-style messages without using the RPC package.
bool_t xdr_authunix_parms(XDR *xdrs, struct authunix_parms *aupp)
Used for describing UNIX credentials. This routine is useful for users who wish to
generate these credentials without using the RPC authentication package.
void
bool_t xdr_callhdr(XDR *xdrs, struct rpc_msg *chdr)
Used for describing RPC call header messages. This routine is useful for users who
wish to generate RPC-style messages without using the RPC package.
bool_t xdr_callmsg(XDR *xdrs, struct rpc_msg *cmsg)
Used for describing RPC call messages. This routine is useful for users who wish to
generate RPC-style messages without using the RPC package.
bool_t xdr_opaque_auth(XDR *xdrs, struct opaque_auth *ap)
Used for describing RPC authentication information messages. This routine is useful
for users who wish to generate RPC-style messages without using the RPC package.
struct pmap;
bool_t xdr_pmap(XDR *xdrs, struct pmap *regs)
Used for describing arguments to various rpcbind(8) procedures, externally. This
routine is useful for users who wish to generate these arguments without using the
pmap_*() interface.
bool_t xdr_pmaplist(XDR *xdrs, struct pmaplist **rp)
Used for describing a list of port mappings, externally. This routine is useful for
users who wish to generate these arguments without using the pmap_*() interface.
bool_t xdr_rejected_reply(XDR *xdrs, struct rejected_reply *rr)
Used for describing RPC reply messages. This routine is useful for users who wish
to generate RPC-style messages without using the RPC package.
bool_t xdr_replymsg(XDR *xdrs, struct rpc_msg *rmsg)
Used for describing RPC reply messages. This routine is useful for users who wish
to generate RPC style messages without using the RPC package.
void
xprt_register(SVCXPRT *xprt)
After RPC service transport handles are created, they should register themselves
with the RPC service package. This routine modifies the global variable svc_fds.
Service implementors usually do not need this routine.
void
xprt_unregister(SVCXPRT *xprt)
Before an RPC service transport handle is destroyed, it should unregister itself
with the RPC service package. This routine modifies the global variable svc_fds.
Service implementors usually do not need this routine.
SEE ALSO
rpc_secure(3), xdr(3)
Remote Procedure Calls: Protocol Specification.
Remote Procedure Call Programming Guide.
rpcgen Programming Guide.
RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol Specification, Sun Microsystems, Inc., USC-ISI, RFC1050.