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NAME
diameter_dict - Dictionary interface of the diameter application.
DESCRIPTION
A diameter service, as configured with diameter:start_service/2, specifies one or more
supported Diameter applications. Each Diameter application specifies a dictionary module
that knows how to encode and decode its messages and AVPs. The dictionary module is in
turn generated from a file that defines these messages and AVPs. The format of such a file
is defined in FILE FORMAT below. Users add support for their specific applications by
creating dictionary files, compiling them to Erlang modules using either diameterc(1) or
diameter_make(3erl) and configuring the resulting dictionaries modules on a service.
Dictionary module generation also results in a hrl file that defines records for the
messages and Grouped AVPs defined by the dictionary, these records being what a user of
the diameter application sends and receives, modulo other possible formats as discussed in
diameter_app(3erl). These records and the underlying Erlang data types corresponding to
Diameter data formats are discussed in MESSAGE RECORDS and DATA TYPES respectively. The
generated hrl also contains macro definitions for the possible values of AVPs of type
Enumerated.
The diameter application includes five dictionary modules corresponding to applications
defined in section 2.4 of RFC 6733: diameter_gen_base_rfc3588 and
diameter_gen_base_rfc6733 for the Diameter Common Messages application with application
identifier 0, diameter_gen_accounting (for RFC 3588) and diameter_gen_acct_rfc6733 for the
Diameter Base Accounting application with application identifier 3 and diameter_gen_relay
the Relay application with application identifier 0xFFFFFFFF.
The Common Message and Relay applications are the only applications that diameter itself
has any specific knowledge of. The Common Message application is used for messages that
diameter itself handles: CER/CEA, DWR/DWA and DPR/DPA. The Relay application is given
special treatment with regard to encode/decode since the messages and AVPs it handles are
not specifically defined.
FILE FORMAT
A dictionary file consists of distinct sections. Each section starts with a tag followed
by zero or more arguments and ends at the the start of the next section or end of file.
Tags consist of an ampersand character followed by a keyword and are separated from their
arguments by whitespace. Whitespace separates individual tokens but is otherwise
insignificant.
The tags, their arguments and the contents of each corresponding section are as follows.
Each section can occur multiple times unless otherwise specified. The order in which
sections are specified is unimportant.
@id Number:
Defines the integer Number as the Diameter Application Id of the application in
question. Can occur at most once and is required if the dictionary defines @messages.
The section has empty content.
The Application Id is set in the Diameter Header of outgoing messages of the
application, and the value in the header of an incoming message is used to identify
the relevant dictionary module.
Example:
@id 16777231
@name Mod:
Defines the name of the generated dictionary module. Can occur at most once and
defaults to the name of the dictionary file minus any extension if unspecified. The
section has empty content.
Note that a dictionary module should have a unique name so as not collide with
existing modules in the system.
Example:
@name etsi_e2
@prefix Name:
Defines Name as the prefix to be added to record and constant names (followed by a '_'
character) in the generated dictionary module and hrl. Can occur at most once. The
section has empty content.
A prefix is optional but can be be used to disambiguate between record and constant
names resulting from similarly named messages and AVPs in different Diameter
applications.
Example:
@prefix etsi_e2
@vendor Number Name:
Defines the integer Number as the the default Vendor-Id of AVPs for which the V flag
is set. Name documents the owner of the application but is otherwise unused. Can occur
at most once and is required if an AVP sets the V flag and is not otherwise assigned a
Vendor-Id. The section has empty content.
Example:
@vendor 13019 ETSI
@avp_vendor_id Number:
Defines the integer Number as the Vendor-Id of the AVPs listed in the section content,
overriding the @vendor default. The section content consists of AVP names.
Example:
@avp_vendor_id 2937
WWW-Auth
Domain-Index
Region-Set
@inherits Mod:
Defines the name of a dictionary module containing AVP definitions that should be
imported into the current dictionary. The section content consists of the names of
those AVPs whose definitions should be imported from the dictionary, an empty list
causing all to be imported. Any listed AVPs must not be defined in the current
dictionary and it is an error to inherit the same AVP from more than one dictionary.
Note that an inherited AVP that sets the V flag takes its Vendor-Id from either
@avp_vendor_id in the inheriting dictionary or @vendor in the inherited dictionary. In
particular, @avp_vendor_id in the inherited dictionary is ignored. Inheriting from a
dictionary that specifies the required @vendor is equivalent to using @avp_vendor_id
with a copy of the dictionary's definitions but the former makes for easier reuse.
All dictionaries should typically inherit RFC 6733 AVPs from
diameter_gen_base_rfc6733.
Example:
@inherits diameter_gen_base_rfc6733
@avp_types:
Defines the name, code, type and flags of individual AVPs. The section consists of
definitions of the form
Name Code Type Flags
where Code is the integer AVP code, Type identifies an AVP Data Format as defined in
section DATA TYPES below, and Flags is a string of V, M and P characters indicating
the flags to be set on an outgoing AVP or a single '-' (minus) character if none are
to be set.
Example:
@avp_types
Location-Information 350 Grouped MV
Requested-Information 353 Enumerated V
Warning:
The P flag has been deprecated by RFC 6733.
@custom_types Mod:
Specifies AVPs for which module Mod provides encode/decode functions. The section
contents consists of AVP names. For each such name, Mod:Name(encode|decode, Type,
Data) is expected to provide encode/decode for values of the AVP, where Name is the
name of the AVP, Type is it's type as declared in the @avp_types section of the
dictionary and Data is the value to encode/decode.
Example:
@custom_types rfc4005_avps
Framed-IP-Address
@codecs Mod:
Like @custom_types but requires the specified module to export Mod:Type(encode|decode,
Name, Data) rather than Mod:Name(encode|decode, Type, Data).
Example:
@codecs rfc4005_avps
Framed-IP-Address
@messages:
Defines the messages of the application. The section content consists of definitions
of the form specified in section 3.2 of RFC 6733, "Command Code Format Specification".
@messages
RTR ::= < Diameter Header: 287, REQ, PXY >
< Session-Id >
{ Auth-Application-Id }
{ Auth-Session-State }
{ Origin-Host }
{ Origin-Realm }
{ Destination-Host }
{ SIP-Deregistration-Reason }
[ Destination-Realm ]
[ User-Name ]
* [ SIP-AOR ]
* [ Proxy-Info ]
* [ Route-Record ]
* [ AVP ]
RTA ::= < Diameter Header: 287, PXY >
< Session-Id >
{ Auth-Application-Id }
{ Result-Code }
{ Auth-Session-State }
{ Origin-Host }
{ Origin-Realm }
[ Authorization-Lifetime ]
[ Auth-Grace-Period ]
[ Redirect-Host ]
[ Redirect-Host-Usage ]
[ Redirect-Max-Cache-Time ]
* [ Proxy-Info ]
* [ Route-Record ]
* [ AVP ]
@grouped:
Defines the contents of the AVPs of the application having type Grouped. The section
content consists of definitions of the form specified in section 4.4 of RFC 6733,
"Grouped AVP Values".
Example:
@grouped
SIP-Deregistration-Reason ::= < AVP Header: 383 >
{ SIP-Reason-Code }
[ SIP-Reason-Info ]
* [ AVP ]
Specifying a Vendor-Id in the definition of a grouped AVP is equivalent to specifying
it with @avp_vendor_id.
@enum Name:
Defines values of AVP Name having type Enumerated. Section content consists of names
and corresponding integer values. Integer values can be prefixed with 0x to be
interpreted as hexadecimal.
Note that the AVP in question can be defined in an inherited dictionary in order to
introduce additional values to an enumeration otherwise defined in another dictionary.
Example:
@enum SIP-Reason-Code
PERMANENT_TERMINATION 0
NEW_SIP_SERVER_ASSIGNED 1
SIP_SERVER_CHANGE 2
REMOVE_SIP_SERVER 3
@end:
Causes parsing of the dictionary to terminate: any remaining content is ignored.
Comments can be included in a dictionary file using semicolon: characters from a semicolon
to end of line are ignored.
MESSAGE RECORDS
The hrl generated from a dictionary specification defines records for the messages and
grouped AVPs defined in @messages and @grouped sections. For each message or grouped AVP
definition, a record is defined whose name is the message or AVP name, prefixed with any
dictionary prefix defined with @prefix, and whose fields are the names of the AVPs
contained in the message or grouped AVP in the order specified in the definition in
question. For example, the grouped AVP
SIP-Deregistration-Reason ::= < AVP Header: 383 >
{ SIP-Reason-Code }
[ SIP-Reason-Info ]
* [ AVP ]
will result in the following record definition given an empty prefix.
-record('SIP-Deregistration-Reason' {'SIP-Reason-Code',
'SIP-Reason-Info',
'AVP'}).
The values encoded in the fields of generated records depends on the type and number of
times the AVP can occur. In particular, an AVP which is specified as occurring exactly
once is encoded as a value of the AVP's type while an AVP with any other specification is
encoded as a list of values of the AVP's type. The AVP's type is as specified in the AVP
definition, the RFC 6733 types being described below.
DATA TYPES
The data formats defined in sections 4.2 ("Basic AVP Data Formats") and 4.3 ("Derived AVP
Data Formats") of RFC 6733 are encoded as values of the types defined here. Values are
passed to diameter:call/4 in a request record when sending a request, returned in a
resulting answer record and passed to a handle_request/3 callback upon reception of an
incoming request.
Basic AVP Data Formats
OctetString() = [0..255]
Integer32() = -2147483647..2147483647
Integer64() = -9223372036854775807..9223372036854775807
Unsigned32() = 0..4294967295
Unsigned64() = 0..18446744073709551615
Float32() = '-infinity' | float() | infinity
Float64() = '-infinity' | float() | infinity
Grouped() = record()
On encode, an OctetString() can be specified as an iolist(), excessively large floats (in
absolute value) are equivalent to infinity or '-infinity' and excessively large integers
result in encode failure. The records for grouped AVPs are as discussed in the previous
section.
Derived AVP Data Formats
Address() = OctetString()
| tuple()
On encode, an OctetString() IPv4 address is parsed in the usual x.x.x.x format while an
IPv6 address is parsed in any of the formats specified by section 2.2 of RFC 2373, "Text
Representation of Addresses". An IPv4 tuple() has length 4 and contains values of type
0..255. An IPv6 tuple() has length 8 and contains values of type 0..65535. The tuple
representation is used on decode.
Time() = {date(), time()}
where
date() = {Year, Month, Day}
time() = {Hour, Minute, Second}
Year = integer()
Month = 1..12
Day = 1..31
Hour = 0..23
Minute = 0..59
Second = 0..59
Additionally, values that can be encoded are limited by way of their encoding as four
octets as required by RFC 6733 with the required extension from RFC 2030. In particular,
only values between {{1968,1,20},{3,14,8}} and {{2104,2,26},{9,42,23}} (both inclusive)
can be encoded.
UTF8String() = [integer()]
List elements are the UTF-8 encodings of the individual characters in the string. Invalid
codepoints will result in encode/decode failure. On encode, a UTF8String() can be
specified as a binary, or as a nested list of binaries and codepoints.
DiameterIdentity() = OctetString()
A value must have length at least 1.
DiameterURI() = OctetString()
| #diameter_URI{type = Type,
fqdn = FQDN,
port = Port,
transport = Transport,
protocol = Protocol}
where
Type = aaa | aaas
FQDN = OctetString()
Port = integer()
Transport = sctp | tcp
Protocol = diameter | radius | 'tacacs+'
On encode, fields port, transport and protocol default to 3868, sctp and diameter
respectively. The grammar of an OctetString-valued DiameterURI() is as specified in
section 4.3 of RFC 6733. The record representation is used on decode.
Enumerated() = Integer32()
On encode, values can be specified using the macros defined in a dictionary's hrl file.
IPFilterRule() = OctetString()
QoSFilterRule() = OctetString()
Values of these types are not currently parsed by diameter.
SEE ALSO
diameterc(1), diameter(3erl), diameter_app(3erl), diameter_codec(3erl),
diameter_make(3erl)