Provided by: gsmc_1.1-1.3_amd64 
NAME
gsmc - A GTK Smith Chart Calulator for RF impedance matching
SYNOPSIS
gsmc
DESCRIPTION
gsmc is a GTK application that allow to do all the calculation usually done on a Smith
Chart. It permits to make calculation for network composed by resistor, capacitor,
inductance, and trasmission line (also as stub). Network topology is limitated to series,
parallel and as trasmissive for trasmission line. No series connection are allowed in
parallel branch, neither parallel connection in series branch. Trasmission line can be
placed as quadrupole or as a parallel or series stub, either opened or shorted at the
other end.
Calculation procedure starts with setting the initial impedance to be matched, next
network elements are added and tuned to obtain the desidered impedance value.
The network so obtained can be saved in spice format for other analisys; current work can
be saved for succesive retrieve.
The initial (start) impedance is thought as "the load" so when adding a trasmission line
placed as a quadrupole rotation is clockwise, going "toward generator"; generator is
placed after the last network element, as can be seen from spice output.
OPTIONS
None
INTERACTIVE COMMANDS
gsmc is a menu based GTK application with as much as possible accelerators and mnemonics.
Nearly all the command can to be issued as a single keystroke or keystroke with modifiers.
This is, in the author's opinion, the preferable way for very specialistic programs that
has to be used extensively.
Ctrl+q Quit the program.
Ctrl+1 Toggle visualization of impedance (Z) circle
Ctrl+2 Toggle visualization of admittance (Y) circle
Ctrl+3 Toggle visualization of reflection coefficient (RHO) circle
Ctrl+4 Toggle visualization of constant Q circle
s Set start point: can be entered as impedance, admittance or reflection coefficient
Ctrl+0 (zero)
Set characteristic impedance z0
f Set frequency (f0)
r Add a resistor
l Add an inductor
c Add a capacitor
t Add a transmission line or stub
Shift+r
Insert a resistor before the highlighted element
Shift+l
Insert an inductor before the highlighted element
Shift+c
Insert a capacitor before the highlighted element
Shift+t
Insert a transmission line or stub before the highlighted element
d Delete the currently highligthed element
Shift+Curs Up
Highlight previous element
Shift+Curs Down
Highlight next element
Shift+Curs Left
Decrease the first field of currently highlighted element
Shift+Curs Rigth
Increase the first field of currently highlighted element
Mod+Curs Left
Decrease the second field of currently highlighted element
Mod+Curs Rigth
Increase the second field of currently highlighted element
Mod+Curs Up
Increase the tuning step
Mod+Curs Down
Decrease the tuning step
Ctrl+w Write network file in spice format
Ctrl+n Restart for a new calculation with a clean chart
= Change first field of currently highlighted element
Mod+= Change second field of currently highlighted element
Ctrl+a Start autotune procedure (tune goal is characteristic impedance)
Ctrl+x Toggle lock flag in autotune procedure
Ctrl+p Write an EPS or PS file
Ctrl+l Load a previously saved .B gsmc job
Ctrl+l Save a .B gsmc job
Ctrl+f Increase frequency
Shift+Ctrl+f
Decrease frequency
Check online keystroke for an updated list of commands.
DIALOG WIN
For operation that requires data entry a widget is created; it is composed by an text
entry field and optionaly some radio button to chose the format of data entry.
The format for data entry can be a single number, or a more complex string. First of all
every number can be supplyed using standar prefix for unit of measure i.e.:
a (atto) 1e-18
f (femto) 1e-15
p (pico) 1e-12
n (nano) 1e-9
u (micro) 1e-6
m (milli) 1e-3
k (kilo) 1e3
M (mega) 1e6
G (giga) 1e9
T (tera) 1e12
Note that for spice output format mega is written as MEG instead of M, that will be
otherwise recognized by spice as milli. Unit of measure are not allowed to be in the text
entered.
Where a complex number is required both the rectangular and the polar format are
recognized: the former can be supplied as '12.3-j456m' while the latter can be supplied as
'34.2 145' meaning a modulus of 34.2 with a phase of 145 degrees. If the complex number is
purely immaginary only something like 'j82' can be supplied, while if immaginary part is
zero a single number can be given. Immaginary operator can be issued as 'i' as well as
'j'.
DATA PRESENTATION
The single window of gsmc is divided in four parts:
- The Smith chart itself in the upper left portion, where arcs and constant circle
are drawn.
- The vertical bar on the rigth of the Smith chart, where initial, final and cursor
impedance are presented togheter general data.
- The horizontal bar on the bottom of Smith chart where the network element are
listed.
- The portion in the lower right portion, for future use...
EXAMPLE OF USE
Let's try a simple example to understand how gsmc work. Suppose to have a load of
10-j35ohm to be matched to 50+j0ohm at an operating frequency of 15.5MHz and we can use
only concentrated reactive elements, i.e. inductances and capacitors.
So start with setting operating frequency: press 'f' and a dialog win will appear. Type in
the string '15.5M' and then press enter. Now in the vertical bar the frequency entered is
displayed.
Next set the start point impedance: press 's' and a dialog win will appear with the title
"Start Point"; select the format for start point either clicking the "Z" radio buttono or
using the menmonic via Mod+Z. Now the impedance can be entered as the string '10-j35'
followed by enter. The starting point is now displayed as a small circle.
The network has now to be constructed: let start with a series inductance of 800nH, so
press 'l' and next introduce the value as enter. TAB and Shift+TAB is usefull to move
across items in dialog win without leave hands from keyboard. This value is really too
large, use Shft+Left cursor to reduce a bit. Up to where? Let's help you displaing the
admittance constant circles pressing "Ctrl+2", the arc should arrive to the G=1 circle
(also called the mirror circle), it's arround 546nH.
Now add a capacitor in parallel connection, saying of 200pF: press 'c' and insert the
string '200p' and select Parallel either with mouse or with "Mod+p". Now the admittance
circles may confuse, remove it by pressing "Ctrl+2" again. The value of 200pF is too
small, enlarge it by pressing Shift+Left cursor up to get the end point near to the
chart's center. The point reached with 429pF has nearly zero imaginary but is 43ohm of
real part instead of 50ohm.
So back to the inductance and try to modify it, with Shift+Cursor up move to the first
component and then try to change the inductance value by pressing cursor left and right.
The changes are too large and 50+j0 cannot be reached. So press "Mod+Cursor down" and the
"tunestep" value shown in the vertical bar is reduced from 10% to 5%, try again to use
Shift+Curors left and right. It feel better. Now do the same on the capacitor, moving to
it by pressing cursor down and than adjusting value as for the inductance.
Final values should be arround 568nH and 408pF. Now you want to see what appen using the
closest standard commercial values, that is 560nH and 390pF in the E12 series. Select
(with Shift+Cursor Up), if needed, the inductance and then press '=', the dialog window
appear (middle line is unused) and the string '560n s' has to be introduced. Next move to
capacitor (Shift+Curs Down) and pressing '=' here insert '390p p'. The final result is of
SWR=1.14, if it's enough for you...
Moving the mouse to the point where the two arcs ends you can see that the point has an
impedance of about 10+j20ohm.
Trasmission line and resistor can be used similary refer to the section INTERACTIVE
COMMANDS for knowing how they can be placed. The major difference with transmission line
is that they have two parameter, the electrical lenght and the caracteristic impedance:
the former can be adjusted with Shift+Cursor left/rigth as for resistor, inductance and
capacitor; the latter can be adjusted with Mod+cursor left/right.
Now the network can be saved either in a gsmc format (.gdt extension) by pressing Ctrl+s
or in spice format pressing Ctrl+w: The file so generated can be now analized with a
spice simulator or gnucap or ngspice ; maybe you are interested in simulating it sweeping
arround 15.5MHz, so modify the line
.ac lin 1 15.50MEG 15.50MEG
in
.ac lin 51 10MEG 30MEG
and run spice or gnucap
This example should be included in gsmc package an can be retreived by pressing Ctrl+l and
selecting example1.gdt.
Autotune algorithm is very primitive and may not reach what is very simple to do by hand,
do not ask to much from it, work in progress...
Charts so drawed can be printed to a Postscript or Encapsulated Postscript file; in
printed file some information are added on the chart drawing as well as Circuit
Description and some of the Current Value are transcripted. Automatic recognition of
filename extension .eps or .ps allow to specify if the file has to be in encapsulated
format or not.
FILES
gsmc don't use special configuration file, a gtkrc file is supplied and can be tuned to
user preferences; if present it must be in /root/.gsmc/gtkrc. File describing the network
currently analized can be generated, it's only needed that a minimum file permission is
allowed, if not the program will work but data could not be saved.
Data file (.gdt) contain a copy of internal data structures in a quite human readable
format; by inspection one can recognize and modify some parts using a text editor. For
more details compare a .gdt file with smcdata struct defined in source file main.h.
LIMITATIONS
Porting can be very very difficult, since all is based on X windows programming and GTK
library, but for other platform a plenty of similar program are available, free and good
one too.
BUGS
Help me to find.
TODO
• Improve autotune algorithm
• Target settting (not alwais one want to match to z0) for autotune.
• Auxiliary window for error reporting instead of stderr.
COPYING
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
AUTHOR
Lapo Pieri (IK5NAX)
Home address: via A. dei Corbizi 9 I-50127 Firenze Italy
Phone: +39 055 410209
e-mail: ik5nax@amsat.org, lapo_pieri@virgilio.it
website: www.qsl.net/ik5nax
SEE ALSO
spice3(?), gnucap(1), ngspice(1)