Provided by: libmail-box-perl_2.110-1_all bug

NAME

       Mail::Message::Field::Full - construct one smart line in a message header

INHERITANCE

        Mail::Message::Field::Full
          is a Mail::Message::Field
          is a Mail::Reporter

        Mail::Message::Field::Full is extended by
          Mail::Message::Field::Structured
          Mail::Message::Field::Unstructured

SYNOPSIS

        !! UNDER CONSTRUCTION
        !! The details of this module are NOT FINISHED yet
        !! Most parts are already usable, however.  With care!

        # Getting to understand the complexity of a header field ...

        my $fast = $msg->head->get('subject');
        my $full = Mail::Message::Field::Full->from($fast);

        my $full = $msg->head->get('subject')->study;  # same
        my $full = $msg->head->study('subject');       # same
        my $full = $msg->get('subject');               # same

        # ... or build a complex header field yourself

        my $f = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new('To');
        my $f = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new('Subject: hi!');
        my $f = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new(Subject => 'hi!');

DESCRIPTION

       This is the full implementation of a header field: it has full understanding of all
       predefined header fields.  These objects will be quite slow, because header fields can be
       very complex.  Of course, this class delivers the optimal result, but for a quite large
       penalty in performance and memory consumption.  Are you willing to accept?

       This class supports the common header description from RFC2822 (formerly RFC822), the
       extensions with respect to character set encodings as specified in RFC2047, and the
       extensions on language specification and long parameter wrapping from RFC2231.  If you do
       not need the latter two, then the Mail::Message::Field::Fast and
       Mail::Message::Field::Flex are enough for your application.

       See documentation in the base class.

OVERLOADED

       See documentation in the base class.

       overload: ""()
           See "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Field

       overload: 0+()
           See "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Field

       overload: <=>()
           See "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Field

       overload: bool()
           See "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Field

       overload: cmp()
           See "OVERLOADED" in Mail::Message::Field

       overload: stringification()
           In string context, the decoded body is returned, as if decodedBody() would have been
           called.

METHODS

       See documentation in the base class.

   Constructors
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->clone()
           See "Constructors" in Mail::Message::Field

       Mail::Message::Field::Full->from(FIELD, OPTIONS)
           Convert any FIELD (a Mail::Message::Field object) into a new
           Mail::Message::Field::Full object.  This conversion is done the hard way: the string
           which is produced by the original object is parsed again.  Usually, the string which
           is parsed is exactly the line (or lines) as found in the original input source, which
           is a good thing because Full fields are much more carefull with the actual content.

           OPTIONS are passed to the constructor (see new()).  In any case, some extensions of
           this Full field class is returned.  It depends on which field is created what kind of
           class we get.

           example:

            my $fast = $msg->head->get('subject');
            my $full = Mail::Message::Field::Full->from($fast);

            my $full = $msg->head->get('subject')->study;  # same
            my $full = $msg->head->study('subject');       # same
            my $full = $msg->get('subject');               # same

       Mail::Message::Field::Full->new(DATA)
           Creating a new field object the correct way is a lot of work, because there is so much
           freedom in the RFCs, but at the same time so many restrictions.  Most fields are
           implemented, but if you have your own field (and do no want to contribute it to
           MailBox), then simply call new on your own package.

           You have the choice to instantiate the object as string or in prepared parts:

           •   new LINE, OPTIONS

               Pass a LINE as it could be found in a file: a (possibly folded) line which is
               terminated by a new-line.

           •   new NAME, [BODY], OPTIONS

               A set of values which shape the line.

           The NAME is a wellformed header name (you may use wellformedName()) to be sure about
           the casing.  The BODY is a string, one object, or an ref-array of objects.  In case of
           objects, they must fit to the constructor of the field: the types which are accepted
           may differ.  The optional ATTRIBUTE list contains Mail::Message::Field::Attribute
           objects.  Finally, there are some OPTIONS.

            -Option  --Defined in     --Default
             charset                    undef
             encoding                   'q'
             force                      false
             language                   undef
             log       Mail::Reporter   'WARNINGS'
             trace     Mail::Reporter   'WARNINGS'

           charset => STRING
             The body is specified in utf8, and must become 7-bits ascii to be transmited.
             Specify a charset to which the multi-byte utf8 is converted before it gets encoded.
             See encode(), which does the job.

           encoding => 'q'|'Q'|'b'|'B'
             Non-ascii characters are encoded using Quoted-Printable ('q' or 'Q') or Base64 ('b'
             or 'B') encoding.

           force => BOOLEAN
             Enforce encoding in the specified charset, even when it is not needed because the
             body does not contain any non-ascii characters.

           language => STRING
             The language used can be specified, however is rarely used my mail clients.

           log => LEVEL
           trace => LEVEL

           example:

            my $s = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new('Subject: Hello World');
            my $s = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new('Subject', 'Hello World');

            my @attrs   = (Mail::Message::Field::Attribute->new(...), ...);
            my @options = (extra => 'the color blue');
            my $t = Mail::Message::Field::Full->new(To => \@addrs, @attrs, @options);

   The field
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->isStructured()
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->isStructured()
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->length()
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->nrLines()
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->print([FILEHANDLE])
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->size()
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->string([WRAP])
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->toDisclose()
           See "The field" in Mail::Message::Field

   Access to the name
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->Name()
           See "Access to the name" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->name()
           See "Access to the name" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->wellformedName([STRING])
           See "Access to the name" in Mail::Message::Field

   Access to the body
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->body()
           See "Access to the body" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->decodedBody(OPTIONS)
           Returns the unfolded body of the field, where encodings are resolved.  The returned
           line will still contain comments and such.  The OPTIONS are passed to the decoder, see
           decode().

           BE WARNED: if the field is a structured field, the content may change syntax, because
           of encapsulated special characters.  By default, the body is decoded as text, which
           results in a small difference within comments as well (read the RFC).

       $obj->folded()
           See "Access to the body" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->foldedBody([BODY])
           See "Access to the body" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->stripCFWS([STRING])
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->stripCFWS([STRING])
           See "Access to the body" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->unfoldedBody([BODY, [WRAP]])
           See "Access to the body" in Mail::Message::Field

   Access to the content
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->addresses()
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->attribute(NAME [, VALUE])
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->attributes()
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->beautify()
           For structured header fields, this removes the original encoding of the field's body
           (the format as it was offered to parse()), therefore the next request for the field
           will have to re-produce the read data clean and nice.  For unstructured bodies, this
           method doesn't do a thing.

       $obj->comment([STRING])
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->createComment(STRING, OPTIONS)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->createComment(STRING, OPTIONS)
           Create a comment to become part in a field.  Comments are automatically included
           within parenthesis.  Matching pairs of parenthesis are permitted within the STRING.
           When a non-matching parenthesis are used, it is only permitted with an escape (a
           backslash) in front of them.  These backslashes will be added automatically if needed
           (don't worry!).  Backslashes will stay, except at the end, where it will be doubled.

           The OPTIONS are "charset", "language", and "encoding" as always.  The created comment
           is returned.

       $obj->createPhrase(STRING, OPTIONS)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->createPhrase(STRING, OPTIONS)
           A phrase is a text which plays a well defined role.  This is the main difference with
           comments, which have do specified meaning.  Some special characters in the phrase will
           cause it to be surrounded with double quotes: do not specify them yourself.

           The OPTIONS are "charset", "language", and "encoding", as always.

       $obj->study()
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->toDate([TIME])
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->toDate([TIME])
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->toInt()
           See "Access to the content" in Mail::Message::Field

   Other methods
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->dateToTimestamp(STRING)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->dateToTimestamp(STRING)
           See "Other methods" in Mail::Message::Field

   Internals
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->consume(LINE | (NAME,BODY|OBJECTS))
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->decode(STRING, OPTIONS)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->decode(STRING, OPTIONS)
           Decode field encoded STRING to an utf8 string.  The input STRING is part of a header
           field, and as such, may contain encoded words in "=?...?.?...?=" format defined by
           RFC2047.  The STRING may contain multiple encoded parts, maybe using different
           character sets.

           Be warned:  you MUST first interpret the field into parts, like phrases and comments,
           and then decode each part separately, otherwise the decoded text may interfere with
           your markup characters.

           Be warned: language information, which is defined in RFC2231, is ignored.

           Encodings with unknown charsets are left untouched [requires v2.085, otherwise
           croaked].  Unknown characters within an charset are replaced by a '?'.

            -Option --Default
             is_text  1

           is_text => BOOLEAN
             Encoding on text is slightly more complicated than encoding structured data, because
             it contains blanks.  Visible blanks have to be ignored between two encoded words in
             the text, but not when an encoded word follows or preceeds an unencoded word.
             Phrases and comments are texts.

           example:

            print Mail::Message::Field::Full->decode('=?iso-8859-1?Q?J=F8rgen?=');
               # prints   JE<0slash>rgen

       $obj->defaultWrapLength([LENGTH])
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->encode(STRING, OPTIONS)
           Encode the (possibly utf8 encoded) STRING to a string which is acceptable to the
           RFC2047 definition of a header: only containing us-ascii characters.

            -Option  --Default
             charset   'us-ascii'
             encoding  'q'
             force     <flase>
             language  undef

           charset => STRING
             STRING is an utf8 string which has to be translated into any byte-wise character set
             for transport, because MIME-headers can only contain ascii characters.

           encoding => 'q'|'Q'|'b'|'B'
             The character encoding to be used.  With "q" or "Q", quoted-printable encoding will
             be used.  With "b " or "B ", base64 encoding will be taken.

           force => BOOLEAN
             Encode the string, even when it only contains us-ascii characters.  By default, this
             is off because it decreases readibility of the produced header fields.

           language => STRING
             RFC2231 defines how to specify language encodings in encoded words.  The STRING is a
             strandard iso language name.

       $obj->fold(NAME, BODY, [MAXCHARS])
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->fold(NAME, BODY, [MAXCHARS])
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->setWrapLength([LENGTH])
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->stringifyData(STRING|ARRAY|OBJECTS)
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

       $obj->unfold(STRING)
           See "Internals" in Mail::Message::Field

   Parsing
       $obj->consumeComment(STRING)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->consumeComment(STRING)
           Try to read a comment from the STRING.  When successful, the comment without
           encapsulation parenthesis is returned, together with the rest of the string.

       $obj->consumeDotAtom(STRING)
           Returns three elemens: the atom-text, the rest string, and the concatenated comments.
           Both atom and comments can be undef.

       $obj->consumePhrase(STRING)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->consumePhrase(STRING)
           Take the STRING, and try to strip-off a valid phrase.  In the obsolete phrase syntax,
           any sequence of words is accepted as phrase (as long as certain special characters are
           not used).  RFC2882 is stricter: only one word or a quoted string is allowed.  As
           always, the obsolete syntax is accepted, and the new syntax is produced.

           This method returns two elements: the phrase (or undef) followed by the resulting
           string.  The phrase will be removed from the optional quotes.  Be warned that "" will
           return an empty, valid phrase.

           example:

            my ($phrase, $rest) = $field->consumePhrase( q["hi!" <sales@example.com>] );

       $obj->parse(STRING)
           Get the detailed information from the STRING, and store the data found in the field
           object.  The accepted input is very field type dependent.  Unstructured fields do no
           parsing whatsoever.

       $obj->produceBody()
           Produce the text for the field, based on the information stored within the field
           object.

           Usually, you wish the exact same line as was found in the input source of a message.
           But when you have created a field yourself, it should get formatted.  You may call
           beautify() on a preformatted field to enforce a call to this method when the field is
           needed later.

   Error handling
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->AUTOLOAD()
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->addReport(OBJECT)
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->defaultTrace([LEVEL]|[LOGLEVEL, TRACELEVEL]|[LEVEL, CALLBACK])
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->defaultTrace([LEVEL]|[LOGLEVEL, TRACELEVEL]|[LEVEL, CALLBACK])
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->errors()
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->log([LEVEL [,STRINGS]])
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->log([LEVEL [,STRINGS]])
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->logPriority(LEVEL)
       Mail::Message::Field::Full->logPriority(LEVEL)
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->logSettings()
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->notImplemented()
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->report([LEVEL])
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->reportAll([LEVEL])
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->trace([LEVEL])
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

       $obj->warnings()
           See "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

   Cleanup
       See documentation in the base class.

       $obj->DESTROY()
           See "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter

DETAILS

       See documentation in the base class.

DIAGNOSTICS

       Warning: Field content is not numerical: $content
           The numeric value of a field is requested (for instance the "Lines" or
           "Content-Length" fields should be numerical), however the data contains weird
           characters.

       Warning: Illegal character in charset '$charset'
           The field is created with an utf8 string which only contains data from the specified
           character set.  However, that character set can never be a valid name because it
           contains characters which are not permitted.

       Warning: Illegal character in field name $name
           A new field is being created which does contain characters not permitted by the RFCs.
           Using this field in messages may break other e-mail clients or transfer agents, and
           therefore mutulate or extinguish your message.

       Warning: Illegal character in language '$lang'
           The field is created with data which is specified to be in a certain language,
           however, the name of the language cannot be valid: it contains characters which are
           not permitted by the RFCs.

       Warning: Illegal encoding '$encoding', used 'q'
           The RFCs only permit base64 ("b " or "B ") or quoted-printable ("q" or "Q") encoding.
           Other than these four options are illegal.

       Error: Package $package does not implement $method.
           Fatal error: the specific package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this
           method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do
           implement this method however the class at hand does not.  Probably you should
           investigate this and probably inform the author of the package.

SEE ALSO

       This module is part of Mail-Box distribution version 2.110, built on January 05, 2014.
       Website: http://perl.overmeer.net/mailbox/

LICENSE

       Copyrights 2001-2014 by [Mark Overmeer]. For other contributors see ChangeLog.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.  See http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html