Provided by: manpages-dev_3.54-1ubuntu1_all 
NAME
rcmd, rresvport, iruserok, ruserok, rcmd_af, rresvport_af, iruserok_af, ruserok_af -
routines for returning a stream to a remote command
SYNOPSIS
#include <netdb.h> /* Or <unistd.h> on some systems */
int rcmd(char **ahost, int inport, const char *locuser,
const char *remuser, const char *cmd, int *fd2p);
int rresvport(int *port);
int iruserok(uint32_t raddr, int superuser,
const char *ruser, const char *luser);
int ruserok(const char *rhost, int superuser,
const char *ruser, const char *luser);
int rcmd_af(char **ahost, int inport, const char *locuser,
const char *remuser, const char *cmd, int *fd2p,
sa_family_t af);
int rresvport_af(int *port, sa_family_t af);
int iruserok_af(uint32_t raddr, int superuser,
const char *ruser, const char *luser, sa_family_t af);
int ruserok_af(const char *rhost, int superuser,
const char *ruser, const char *luser, sa_family_t af);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
rcmd(), rcmd_af(), rresvport(), rresvport_af(), iruserok(), iruserok_af(), ruserok(),
ruserok_af(): _BSD_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
The rcmd() function is used by the superuser to execute a command on a remote machine
using an authentication scheme based on privileged port numbers. The rresvport() function
returns a descriptor to a socket with an address in the privileged port space. The
iruserok() and ruserok() functions are used by servers to authenticate clients requesting
service with rcmd(). All four functions are used by the rshd(8) server (among others).
rcmd()
The rcmd() function looks up the host *ahost using gethostbyname(3), returning -1 if the
host does not exist. Otherwise *ahost is set to the standard name of the host and a
connection is established to a server residing at the well-known Internet port inport.
If the connection succeeds, a socket in the Internet domain of type SOCK_STREAM is
returned to the caller, and given to the remote command as stdin and stdout. If fd2p is
nonzero, then an auxiliary channel to a control process will be set up, and a descriptor
for it will be placed in *fd2p. The control process will return diagnostic output from
the command (unit 2) on this channel, and will also accept bytes on this channel as being
UNIX signal numbers, to be forwarded to the process group of the command. If fd2p is 0,
then the stderr (unit 2 of the remote command) will be made the same as the stdout and no
provision is made for sending arbitrary signals to the remote process, although you may be
able to get its attention by using out-of-band data.
The protocol is described in detail in rshd(8).
rresvport()
The rresvport() function is used to obtain a socket with a privileged port bound to it.
This socket is suitable for use by rcmd() and several other functions. Privileged ports
are those in the range 0 to 1023. Only a privileged process (CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE) is
allowed to bind to a privileged port. In the glibc implementation, this function
restricts its search to the ports from 512 to 1023. The port argument is value-result:
the value it supplies to the call is used as the starting point for a circular search of
the port range; on (successful) return, it contains the port number that was bound to.
iruserok() and ruserok()
The iruserok() and ruserok() functions take a remote host's IP address or name,
respectively, two usernames and a flag indicating whether the local user's name is that of
the superuser. Then, if the user is not the superuser, it checks the /etc/hosts.equiv
file. If that lookup is not done, or is unsuccessful, the .rhosts in the local user's
home directory is checked to see if the request for service is allowed.
If this file does not exist, is not a regular file, is owned by anyone other than the user
or the superuser, or is writable by anyone other than the owner, the check automatically
fails. Zero is returned if the machine name is listed in the hosts.equiv file, or the
host and remote username are found in the .rhosts file; otherwise iruserok() and ruserok()
return -1. If the local domain (as obtained from gethostname(2)) is the same as the
remote domain, only the machine name need be specified.
If the IP address of the remote host is known, iruserok() should be used in preference to
ruserok(), as it does not require trusting the DNS server for the remote host's domain.
*_af() variants
All of the functions described above work with IPv4 (AF_INET) sockets. The "_af" variants
take an extra argument that allows the socket address family to be specified. For these
functions, the af argument can be specified as AF_INET or AF_INET6. In addition,
rcmd_af() supports the use of AF_UNSPEC.
RETURN VALUE
The rcmd() function returns a valid socket descriptor on success. It returns -1 on error
and prints a diagnostic message on the standard error.
The rresvport() function returns a valid, bound socket descriptor on success. It returns
-1 on error with the global value errno set according to the reason for failure. The
error code EAGAIN is overloaded to mean "All network ports in use."
For information on the return from ruserok() and iruserok(), see above.
VERSIONS
The functions iruserok_af(), rcmd_af(), rresvport_af(), and ruserok_af() functions are
provide in glibc since version 2.2.
CONFORMING TO
Not in POSIX.1-2001. Present on the BSDs, Solaris, and many other systems. These
functions appeared in 4.2BSD. The "_af" variants are more recent additions, and are not
present on as wide a range of systems.
BUGS
iruserok() and iruserok_af() are declared in glibc headers only since version 2.12.
SEE ALSO
rlogin(1), rsh(1), intro(2), rexec(3), rexecd(8), rlogind(8), rshd(8)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.54 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the
project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at
http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.