NAME

       CREATE_DATABASE - create a new database

SYNOPSIS

       CREATE DATABASE name
           [ [ WITH ] [ OWNER [=] user_name ]
                  [ TEMPLATE [=] template ]
                  [ ENCODING [=] encoding ]
                  [ LC_COLLATE [=] lc_collate ]
                  [ LC_CTYPE [=] lc_ctype ]
                  [ TABLESPACE [=] tablespace_name ]
                  [ CONNECTION LIMIT [=] connlimit ] ]

DESCRIPTION

       CREATE DATABASE creates a new PostgreSQL database.

       To create a database, you must be a superuser or have the special CREATEDB privilege. See
       CREATE USER (CREATE_USER(7)).

       By default, the new database will be created by cloning the standard system database
       template1. A different template can be specified by writing TEMPLATE name. In particular,
       by writing TEMPLATE template0, you can create a virgin database containing only the
       standard objects predefined by your version of PostgreSQL. This is useful if you wish to
       avoid copying any installation-local objects that might have been added to template1.

PARAMETERS

       name
           The name of a database to create.

       user_name
           The role name of the user who will own the new database, or DEFAULT to use the default
           (namely, the user executing the command). To create a database owned by another role,
           you must be a direct or indirect member of that role, or be a superuser.

       template
           The name of the template from which to create the new database, or DEFAULT to use the
           default template (template1).

       encoding
           Character set encoding to use in the new database. Specify a string constant (e.g.,
           'SQL_ASCII'), or an integer encoding number, or DEFAULT to use the default encoding
           (namely, the encoding of the template database). The character sets supported by the
           PostgreSQL server are described in Section 22.3.1, “Supported Character Sets”, in the
           documentation. See below for additional restrictions.

       lc_collate
           Collation order (LC_COLLATE) to use in the new database. This affects the sort order
           applied to strings, e.g. in queries with ORDER BY, as well as the order used in
           indexes on text columns. The default is to use the collation order of the template
           database. See below for additional restrictions.

       lc_ctype
           Character classification (LC_CTYPE) to use in the new database. This affects the
           categorization of characters, e.g. lower, upper and digit. The default is to use the
           character classification of the template database. See below for additional
           restrictions.

       tablespace_name
           The name of the tablespace that will be associated with the new database, or DEFAULT
           to use the template database's tablespace. This tablespace will be the default
           tablespace used for objects created in this database. See CREATE TABLESPACE
           (CREATE_TABLESPACE(7)) for more information.

       connlimit
           How many concurrent connections can be made to this database. -1 (the default) means
           no limit.

       Optional parameters can be written in any order, not only the order illustrated above.

NOTES

       CREATE DATABASE cannot be executed inside a transaction block.

       Errors along the line of “could not initialize database directory” are most likely related
       to insufficient permissions on the data directory, a full disk, or other file system
       problems.

       Use DROP DATABASE (DROP_DATABASE(7)) to remove a database.

       The program createdb(1) is a wrapper program around this command, provided for
       convenience.

       Although it is possible to copy a database other than template1 by specifying its name as
       the template, this is not (yet) intended as a general-purpose “COPY DATABASE” facility.
       The principal limitation is that no other sessions can be connected to the template
       database while it is being copied.  CREATE DATABASE will fail if any other connection
       exists when it starts; otherwise, new connections to the template database are locked out
       until CREATE DATABASE completes. See Section 21.3, “Template Databases”, in the
       documentation for more information.

       The character set encoding specified for the new database must be compatible with the
       chosen locale settings (LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE). If the locale is C (or equivalently
       POSIX), then all encodings are allowed, but for other locale settings there is only one
       encoding that will work properly. (On Windows, however, UTF-8 encoding can be used with
       any locale.)  CREATE DATABASE will allow superusers to specify SQL_ASCII encoding
       regardless of the locale settings, but this choice is deprecated and may result in
       misbehavior of character-string functions if data that is not encoding-compatible with the
       locale is stored in the database.

       The encoding and locale settings must match those of the template database, except when
       template0 is used as template. This is because other databases might contain data that
       does not match the specified encoding, or might contain indexes whose sort ordering is
       affected by LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE. Copying such data would result in a database that is
       corrupt according to the new settings.  template0, however, is known to not contain any
       data or indexes that would be affected.

       The CONNECTION LIMIT option is only enforced approximately; if two new sessions start at
       about the same time when just one connection “slot” remains for the database, it is
       possible that both will fail. Also, the limit is not enforced against superusers.

EXAMPLES

       To create a new database:

           CREATE DATABASE lusiadas;

       To create a database sales owned by user salesapp with a default tablespace of salesspace:

           CREATE DATABASE sales OWNER salesapp TABLESPACE salesspace;

       To create a database music which supports the ISO-8859-1 character set:

           CREATE DATABASE music ENCODING 'LATIN1' TEMPLATE template0;

       In this example, the TEMPLATE template0 clause would only be required if template1's
       encoding is not ISO-8859-1. Note that changing encoding might require selecting new
       LC_COLLATE and LC_CTYPE settings as well.

COMPATIBILITY

       There is no CREATE DATABASE statement in the SQL standard. Databases are equivalent to
       catalogs, whose creation is implementation-defined.

SEE ALSO

       ALTER DATABASE (ALTER_DATABASE(7)), DROP DATABASE (DROP_DATABASE(7))