NAME

       john - a tool to find weak passwords of your users

SYNOPSIS

       john [options] password-files

DESCRIPTION

       This manual page documents briefly the john command.  This manual page was written for the
       Debian GNU/Linux distribution because the original program does not have  a  manual  page.
       john,  better  known  as  John  the Ripper, is a tool to find weak passwords of users in a
       server. John can use a dictionary or some search pattern as well as  a  password  file  to
       check  for  passwords.  John  supports  different  cracking  modes  and  understands  many
       ciphertext formats, like several DES variants, MD5 and blowfish. It can also  be  used  to
       extract AFS and Windows NT passwords.

USAGE

       To  use  John,  you  just need to supply it a password file and the desired options. If no
       mode  is  specified,  john  will  try  "single"  first,  then   "wordlist"   and   finally
       "incremental".

       Once  John  finds  a  password,  it  will be printed to the terminal and saved into a file
       called ~/.john/john.pot. John will read this file when it restarts so it  doesn't  try  to
       crack already done passwords.

       To see the cracked passwords, use

       john -show passwd

       Important: do this under the same directory where the password was cracked (when using the
       cronjob, /var/lib/john), otherwise it won't work.

       While cracking, you can press any key for status, or Ctrl+C to abort the  session,  saving
       point  information  to  a  file  (  ~/.john/john.rec by default). By the way, if you press
       Ctrl+C twice John will abort immediately without saving.  The point  information  is  also
       saved  every  10  minutes  (configurable  in  the  configuration file, ~/.john/john.ini or
       ~/.john/john.conf ) in case of a crash.

       To continue an interrupted session, run:

       john -restore

       Now, you may notice that many accounts have a disabled shell, you  can  make  John  ignore
       these (assume that shell is called /etc/expired ):

       john -show -shells:-/etc/expired passwd

       You  might  want  to mail all the users who got weak passwords, to tell them to change the
       passwords. It's not always a good idea though  (unfortunately,  lots  of  people  seem  to
       ignore such mail, it can be used as a hint for crackers, etc), but anyway, I'll assume you
       know what you're doing. Get a copy of the 'mailer' script supplied with John, so you won't
       change  anything that's under /usr/sbin ; edit the message it sends, and possibly the mail
       command inside it (especially if the password file is from a different box  than  you  got
       John running on).  Then run:

        ./mailer passwd

       Anyway,  you  probably should have a look at /usr/share/doc/john/OPTIONS for a list of all
       the command line options, and at /usr/share/doc/john/EXAMPLES for more John usage examples
       with other cracking modes.

OPTIONS

       All  the  options recognized by john start with a single dash (`-').  A summary of options
       is included below.

       -external:MODE
              Enables  an  external  mode,  using  external  functions  defined  in  ~/john.ini's
              [List.External:MODE] section.

       -format:NAME
              Allows  you  to  override  the ciphertext format detection. Currently, valid format
              names are DES, BSDI, MD5, BF, AFS, LM. You can use this  option  when  cracking  or
              with  '-test'.  Note that John can't crack password files with different ciphertext
              formats at the same time.

       -groups:[-]GID[,..]
              Tells John to load users of the specified group(s) only.

       -incremental[:MODE]
              Enables the incremental mode, using the specified  ~/john.ini  definition  (section
              [Incremental:MODE], or [Incremental:All] by default).

       -makechars:FILE
              Generates a charset file, based on character frequencies from ~/.john/john.pot, for
              use with the incremental mode. The entire ~/.john/john.pot will  be  used  for  the
              charset  file  unless you specify some password files. You can also use an external
              filter() routine with this option.

       -restore[:FILE]
              Continues an interrupted cracking  session,  reading  point  information  from  the
              specified file (~/.john/john.rec by default).

       -rules Enables   wordlist   rules,   that   are   read   from   [List.Rules:Wordlist]   in
              /etc/john/john.conf (or the alternative configuration file you might specify on the
              command line).
              This option requires the -wordlist option to be passed as well.

       -salts:[-]COUNT
              This  feature  sometimes  allows you to achieve better performance. For example you
              can crack only some salts using '-salts:2' faster, and then crack  the  rest  using
              '-salts:-2'.  Total  cracking  time  will  be about the same, but you will get some
              passwords cracked earlier.

       -savemem:LEVEL
              You might need this option if you don't have enough memory, or don't want  John  to
              affect  other  processes  too much. Level 1 tells John not to waste memory on login
              names, so you won't see them while  cracking.  Higher  levels  have  a  performance
              impact:  you should probably avoid using them unless John doesn't work or gets into
              swap otherwise.

       -session:FILE
              Allows you to specify another  point  information  file's  name  to  use  for  this
              cracking  session.  This  is  useful  for  running  multiple  instances  of John in
              parallel, or just to be able to recover an older session later, not always continue
              the latest one.

       -shells:[-]SHELL[,..]
              This  option  is  useful  to  load accounts with a valid shell only, or not to load
              accounts with a bad  shell.  You  can  omit  the  path  before  a  shell  name,  so
              '-shells:csh'    will    match    both   '/bin/csh'   and   '/usr/bin/csh',   while
              ´-shells:/bin/csh' will only match '/bin/csh'.

       -show  Shows the cracked passwords in a convenient  form.  You  should  also  specify  the
              password files. You can use this option while another John is cracking, to see what
              it did so far.

       -single
              Enables the "single crack" mode, using rules from [List.Rules:Single].

       -status[:FILE]
              Prints status of an interrupted or running session. To get an  up  to  date  status
              information  of  a detached running session, send that copy of John a SIGHUP before
              using this option.

       -stdin These are used to enable the wordlist mode (reading from stdin).

       -stdout[:LENGTH]
              When used with a cracking mode, except for "single crack",  makes  John  print  the
              words  it  generates  to stdout instead of cracking. While applying wordlist rules,
              the significant password length is assumed to be LENGTH, or unlimited by default.

       -test  Benchmarks all the enabled ciphertext format crackers, and tests them  for  correct
              operation at the same time.
              This  option  does  not  need  any file passed as argument. Its only function is to
              benchmark the system john is running on.

       -users:[-]LOGIN|UID[,..]
              Allows you to filter a few accounts for cracking, etc. A dash before the  list  can
              be used to invert the check (that is, load all the users that aren't listed).

       -wordlist:FILE
              These are used to enable the wordlist mode, reading words from FILE.

MODES

       John can work in the following modes:

       Wordlist
              John  will  simply use a file with a list of words that will be checked against the
              passwords. See RULES for the format of wordlist files.

       Single crack
              In this mode, john will try to crack the password using the login/GECOS information
              as passwords.

       Incremental
              This  is the most powerful mode. John will try any character combination to resolve
              the password.  Details about these modes can be found in the MODES file  in  john's
              documentation, including how to define your own cracking methods.

FILES

       /etc/john/john.conf
              is where you configure how john will behave.

       /etc/john/john-mail.msg
              has the message sent to users when their passwords are successfully cracked.

       /etc/john/john-mail.conf
              is  used to configure how john will send messages to users that had their passwords
              cracked.

SEE ALSO

       mailer(8), unafs(8), unique(8), unshadow(8),

       The programs and the configuration files are documented  fully  by  John's  documentation,
       which  should  be  available  in  /usr/share/doc/john or other location, depending on your
       system.

AUTHOR

       This manual page was written by Jordi Mallach <jordi@debian.org> and Jeronimo   Pellegrini
       <pellegrini@mpcnet.com.br>, for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others).
       John  the Ripper was written by Solar Designer <solar@openwall.com>.  The complete list of
       contributors can be found in the CREDITS file in the documentation directory.