名称

       chage - 更改用户密码过期信息

大纲

       chage [选项] 登录

描述

       The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the
       last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must
       change his/her password.

选项

       chage 命令可以接受的选项有：

       -d, --lastdayLAST_DAY
           Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed. The
           date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used
           in your area).

       -E, --expiredateEXPIRE_DATE
           Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user's account will
           no longer be accessible. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or
           the format more commonly used in your area). A user whose account is locked must
           contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again.

           EXPIRE_DATE 设置为 -1 会移除账户的过期日期。

       -h, --help
           现实帮助信息并退出。

       -I, --inactiveINACTIVE
           Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account
           is locked. The INACTIVE option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose
           account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the
           system again.

           INACTIVE 设置为 -1 会移除账户禁用功能。

       -l, --list
           现实账户年龄信息。

       -m, --mindaysMIN_DAYS
           在密码更改之间的最小天数设置为 MIN_DAYS。此字段中的 0 值表示用户可以在任何时间更改其密
           码。

       -M, --maxdaysMAX_DAYS
           Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When MAX_DAYS plus
           LAST_DAY is less than the current day, the user will be required to change his/her
           password before being able to use his/her account. This occurrence can be planned for
           in advance by use of the -W option, which provides the user with advance warning.

           MAX_DAYS 设置为 -1 会移除密码有效性检查。

       -R, --rootCHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           CHROOT_DIR directory.

       -W, --warndaysWARN_DAYS
           Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The WARN_DAYS
           option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned
           his/her password is about to expire.

       如果没有选择任何选项，chage 会进入交互模式，以所有字段的当前值提示用户。输入一个新值可以更
       改这些字段，或者留空使用当前值。当前值出现在 [ ] 标记对里。

注意

       chage 需要有一个影子密码文件才可用。

       只有 root 才可以使用 chage，一个特殊情况是 -l 选项，用来让非特权用户觉得自己的密码或账户何
       时过期。

配置文件

       在 /etc/login.defs 中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为：

文件

       /etc/passwd
           用户账户信息。

       /etc/shadow
           安全用户账户信息。

退出值

       chage 命令有如下退出值：

       0
           成功

       1
           权限不够

       2
           无效的命令语法

       15
           无法找到影子密码文件

参见

       passwd(5), shadow(5).