Provided by: fdclone_3.01b-1build1_amd64 bug

NAME

       fd - file & directory maintenance tool

SYNOPSIS

       fd [ -abCefhiklmNnPrSsTtuvx ] [ -NAME=value ] [ directory [ directory2 ...  ]]
       fdsh [ -abCcefhiklmNnPrSsTtuvx ] [ args ]

DESCRIPTION

       Fd  is  a  file  & directory maintenance tool considered for the text terminals on general
       UNIX.  It aims for a clone of  the  same  named  utility  which  is  made  for  the  PC/AT
       compatible machine and PC-9800 series.  In fact, it is upper compatible functionally.

       Fd  shows  the  browser screen listing files when you have invoked it.  You can input some
       key which is bound each command, to execute various operations.

       (In the following description, (UNIX) means that the operation is implemented only on UNIX
       version  and  not  effective  on  MS-DOS  version.   As  well  as it, (DOS) means that the
       operation is implemented only on MS-DOS version.)

   Options
       The command line option is used for setting internal  shell  operations  and  setting  the
       internal  variables  described  below.   You  can  use  any  variable name as the internal
       variable, but fd can accept only those  which  are  described  in  the  below  section  of
       ENVIRONMENT  VARIABLES.   If  you specify directory, the current directory is moved to the
       directory initially.  If you specify directory2 ..., the split window mode is invoked, and
       the current directories of the supplemental windows are moved to the each directory.

       The following options are available for the internal shell.

       -c string
              Commands  described  by  string are executed and exit immediately.  It is effective
              only when it is invoked as fdsh.

       -i     If the -i flag is present or if the standard input/output is a terminal, the  shell
              is the interactive shell.

       -s     If  the  -s  flag is present or if no args is specified, commands for the shell are
              read from the standard input.  Any  remaining  argument  specifies  the  positional
              parameter.

       -r     The  shell  is  a  restricted  shell.   Specifically,  the following operations are
              disallowed.
                 changing the current directory
                 setting the value of $PATH, $SHELL and $ENV
                 specifying command names include /
                 redirecting output (> and >>)
                 IN_DIR         OUT_DIR        LOG_TOP
                 LOG_DIR        ATTR_FILE      COPY_FILE
                 MOVE_FILE      DELETE_FILE    DELETE_DIR
                 RENAME_FILE    MAKE_DIR       WRITE_DIR
                 TREE_DIR       BACKUP_TAPE    EDIT_FILE
                 UNPACK_FILE    PACK_FILE      LOG_TREE
                 COPY_TREE      MOVE_TREE      UNPACK_TREE
                 FIND_DIR       ATTR_DIR
              When invoked as rfd or rfdsh, it becomes this restricted shell automatically.

       -l     The shell is a login shell.

       -N     Reading the initial configuration files is omitted.

       In addition, the options described below in the description of set the builtin command are
       available.

   Screen Layout
       Fd has the 3 major screen modes.  In the browser screen, you can select from the file list
       and execute each command.  In the archive browser screen, files in the  archive  file  are
       listed  separately by directory, and you can browse as well as the browser screen.  In the
       tree screen, you can move on the directory tree and select the directory path.

       In all screen modes, each 3 lines on the top/bottom of the screen are used for the various
       information of fd.  The top information lines sometimes become 4 lines.  The screen layout
       is the following.

       line#     Description

       1         The title line.  The clock at the right end is updated every 10 seconds.

       2         The information line.  It displays information in this order: the  current  page
                 (and  the  total  pages),  the number of marks (ant the total marks), the sorted
                 type, the pattern string for file search.

       3         The path line.  It displays the fullpath  of  the  current  directory.   In  the
                 archive  browser  screen,  it  displays the fullpath of the archive file and the
                 current path in the archive.

       2 (optional)
                 The file size information line.  It displays the total size of the marked  files
                 in  the  directory (and the total size of all files), the total capacity and the
                 free size of the file system including the current directory.  This line appears
                 by  SIZEINFO  the  internal  variable setting.  When this line is displayed, The
                 information line and the path line are displayed 1 line under each.

       bottom - 2
                 The stack line.  It displays files temporarily which you  push  in  stack,  when
                 arranging files.

       bottom - 1
                 The function line.  It displays the operations of function keys.

       bottom    The status line.  It displays the status of the file on the cursor position.  It
                 also displays warning messages when command is executed with some troubles.

   Internal Commands
       You can use the following internal commands on fd.  While any  user  can  change  the  key
       binding  for  these internal commands, here shows the default key binding.  The identifier
       is used when it is executed from the command line of EXECUTE_SH command, and when the user
       defines the key binding.

       Identifier          Command                       Key

       CUR_UP              Move a cursor up              Up
       CUR_DOWN            Move a cursor down            Down
       CUR_RIGHT           Move a cursor right           Right
       CUR_LEFT            Move a cursor left            Left
       ROLL_UP             Turn ahead to the next page   PageDown
       ROLL_DOWN           Turn back to the prev. page   PageUp
       CUR_TOP             Move a cursor top             Beg(<)
       CUR_BOTTOM          Move a cursor bottom          Eol(>)
       FNAME_RIGHT         Shift right a filename        (
       FNAME_LEFT          Shift left a filename         )
       ONE_COLUMN          Change layout into 1 column   1
       TWO_COLUMNS         Change layout into 2 columns  2
       THREE_COLUMNS       Change layout into 3 columns  3
       FIVE_COLUMNS        Change layout into 5 columns  5
       MARK_FILE           Mark a file                   Tab
       MARK_FILE2          Mark and move down            Space
       MARK_FILE3          Mark and move in a page       ^Space(^@)
       MARK_ALL            Mark all files                Home(+)
       MARK_REVERSE        Mark all files reversely      End(-)
       MARK_FIND           Mark the matched files        
       IN_DIR              Change to a sub directory     Return
       OUT_DIR             Change to a parent directory  Bs
       LOG_TOP             Change to a root directory    \
       REREAD_DIR          Reread the current directory  ^L
       PUSH_FILE           Push a file to the stack      Del(])
       POP_FILE            Pop a file from the stack     Ins([)
       LOG_DIR             Change to a logical directory F1(l)
       EXECUTE_FILE        Execute a file                F2(x)
       COPY_FILE           Copy a file                   F3(c)
       DELETE_FILE         Delete a file                 F4(d)
       RENAME_FILE         Rename a file                 F5(r)
       SORT_DIR            Sort the current directory    F6(s)
       FIND_FILE           Find files                    F7(f)
       TREE_DIR            Display the tree screen       F8(t)
       EDIT_FILE           Edit a file                   F9(e)
       UNPACK_FILE         Unpack a file                 F10(u)
       ATTR_FILE           Change a file attribute       F11(a)
       INFO_FILESYS        Display a file system info.   F12(i)
       MOVE_FILE           Move a file                   F13(m)
       DELETE_DIR          Delete a directory            F14(D)
       MAKE_DIR            Make a directory              F15(k)
       EXECUTE_SH          Execute a child process       F16(h)
       WRITE_DIR           Write a displayed directory   F17(w)
       BACKUP_TAPE         Backup into a tape            F18(b)
       VIEW_FILE           View a file                   F19(v)
       PACK_FILE           Pack a file                   F20(p)
       LOG_TREE            Change directory with tree    L
       COPY_TREE           Copy a file with tree         C
       MOVE_TREE           Move a file with tree         M
       UNPACK_TREE         Unpack a file with tree       U
       FIND_DIR            Find a file recursively       F
       ATTR_DIR            Change attributes recursively A
       SYMLINK_MODE        Switch the symbolic link mode S
       FILETYPE_MODE       Switch the file type symbol   T
       DOTFILE_MODE        Switch the dot file display   H
       FILEFLG_MODE        Switch the file flag display  O
       LAUNCH_FILE         Invoke the launcher           Return
       SEARCH_FORW         Search forward a file         ^S
       SEARCH_BACK         Search backward a file        ^R
       SPLIT_WINDOW        Split into the windows        /
       NEXT_WINDOW         Change to the next window     ^
       WIDEN_WINDOW        Widen the current window      W
       NARROW_WINDOW       Narrow the current window     N
       KILL_WINDOW         Kill the current window       K
       EDIT_CONFIG         Invoke the customizer         E
       HELP_MESSAGE        Display a help screen         ?
       QUIT_SYSTEM         Quit from fd                  Esc(q)

       WARNING_BELL        Bell for warning
       NO_OPERATION        Do nothing

       The  last  2  internal  commands  are used when you want change the default key binding to
       cancel.

   Internal Commands Description
       The detail of each internal command is the  following.   Internal  commands  with  similar
       function are described together.

          Move cursor
               Move a cursor.

          Turn page
               Turn  to  the  previous/next page, when files are not completely held in a screen.
               Also if you try to move out of the page with Cursor move, the page will be turned.

          Move to the top/bottom
               Move a cursor to the top/bottom of the file list.  When the list is not held in  a
               screen, the page is turned.

          Shift filename
               Shift  the  displayed string of filename on the cursor position, when the filename
               is longer than  the  prepared  column  width.   It  is  displayed  as  shifted  to
               right/left  by  1  character.   The  display  of  the  status line is also shifted
               simultaneously.

          Change layout
               Change the number of columns into each value.  There are  usually  2  columns  per
               screen.   As  the  column  width  per  file  is changed according to the number of
               columns, the displayed information is also changed.

          Mark file
               Mark the file on the cursor position.  You cannot  mark  any  directory.   [Space]
               marks  and  moves down a cursor.  [^Space] also marks and moves down a cursor, but
               doesn't turn the page.  [Home] marks all the files,  [End]  marks  all  the  files
               reversely.   [] additionally marks the file which matches the wildcard.  You must
               input the wildcard string whenever you push [].

               Marked files  are  used  as  the  target  of  ATTR_FILE,  COPY_FILE,  DELETE_FILE,
               MOVE_FILE, UNPACK_FILE and the user defined command macros.

          Change directory
               [Return]  changes  the  current directory to the directory on the cursor position.
               If you want to change it to the parent directory, you should move a cursor to  the
               file  of  ".."  and  push  [Return], or simply push [Bs].  [\] changes the current
               directory to the root directory.

          Push/pop file stack
               [Del] pushes the file on the cursor position to the file  stack,  and  temporarily
               deletes  the file from the file list screen.  You can push files to the file stack
               up to 5 files.

               [Ins] pops the file from the file stack and insert it on the cursor position.  The
               last  pushed file is popped first.  But this order is expediently displayed in fd,
               and it is reset by Directory move.

          Redraw screen
               Redraw the file list screen by rereading the information of the current directory.
               It is useful when some other process add/delete files, or when something break the
               screen display.

               Moreover, when you use  the  terminal  which  doesn't  raise  SIGWINCH  signal  at
               changing  the  screen  size  (like kterm(1) on HP-UX etc.), you must intentionally
               redraw after you change the screen size.

          Change logical directory (Logdir)
               Change the current directory  to  the  inputted  pathname.   When  you  input  the
               pathname  which  starts  with '/', it means not the relative move but the absolute
               move.

               When you input the pathname ".", the pathname of the current directory is adjusted
               into absolute expression.  Except this case, the current directory always is shown
               as the virtual pathname, by reason of a link  and  so  on.   When  you  input  the
               pathname "?", you can move to the current directory when fd was invoked.  When you
               input the pathname "-", you can move to the last visited directory.

               Moreover, When you input the pathname "@" in floppy drive, you  can  move  to  the
               directory  on  UNIX  file system, where you existed before moving to floppy drive.
               (UNIX)

               (Note: This command is called as "Loddsk" in the original FD on MS-DOS,  which  is
               short  for  "LOGical DiSK drive".  This "logical" means the drive name prefixed to
               pathnames, and it is virtually named against  "physical  disk  drive".   On  UNIX,
               since  "logical  disk drive" never means pathname nor directory, this command name
               "Change logical  directory"  is  not  suitable.   But  this  name  is  expediently
               inherited from the original version.)

          Execute file (eXec)
               Execute  the  file  on  the  cursor  position  with  some parameters, as the child
               process.  The cursor position in command line exists after the filename in case of
               the  executable file, and before the filename except it.  You should fill suitable
               parameters or command name in each case.  The up/down cursor keys can provide  the
               command history which you executed before.

               On  MS-DOS version, the LFN form filename in the command line which is quoted with
               the quotation mark " is automatically  replaced  into  8+3  form  filename  before
               execution.   In  this  case,  when  there  is the filename described by the string
               quoted with ", this string  is  always  replaced  into  8+3  form  filename  after
               deleting ", otherwise it is never replaced including ".

          Copy file (Copy)
               Copy  the file on the cursor position to the specified directory.  When the cursor
               position indicates a directory, its contents are copied  recursively.   When  some
               files are marked, the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked
               files.

               When the same named file exists in the destination, you can select  the  operation
               from  the  following:  "Update  (by  timestamp)",  "Rename  (each  copied  file)",
               "Overwrite", "Not_copy_the_same_name", "Forward".  If you  select  "Forward",  you
               should  specify the directory as the destination to forward.  All files which have
               the same names are moved to the specified directory.

          Delete file (Delete)
               Delete the file on the cursor position.  No directory can be deleted.   When  some
               files are marked, the target is not the file on the cursor position but the marked
               files.

               When you don't have write permission on the file, you are confirmed for security.

          Rename file (Rename)
               Rename the file on the cursor position.  You cannot rename to the same name as any
               existent file.  When you specify the pathname with some directory name, it is also
               moved to the directory.

          Sort file (Sort)
               Sort files in the current directory.  You can select  the  sorted  type  from  the
               following:  "fileName",  "Extension", "Size", "Timestamp", "Length (of filename)",
               and specify "Up (incremental order)" or  "Down  (decremental  order)".   When  the
               sorted  type before sorting is the one except "No chg (not sort)", the choice will
               include "No chg".  When you sort after sorting another sorted type,  the  previous
               sorted  result  is based in sorting.  This sorting has a priority except specified
               type, the directory is always precedes any file, except for the case of "No  chg".
               In case of "Length", files which have the same filename length are sorted in order
               of their names.

               But this sorting is expediently displayed in fd, and  it  is  reset  by  Directory
               move.

          Find file (Find)
               Find  the  files matching the wildcard, and display only them.  The filename which
               starts with '.'  doesn't match the wildcard which starts with '∗' nor '?'.  If you
               want  to  cancel  the  File  find,  you  should  move the current directory, or do
               FIND_FILE again and input a null line.

               When the current directory has the files which have the  extension  registered  to
               associate  with  an  archive  browser, the string which starts with '/' is used to
               find not the filename but the filename in archive  files,  and  only  the  archive
               files  which  contain  matched files are displayed.  This function is available in
               the archive browser.

               After Find file, you can not do WRITE_DIR.

          Display tree screen (Tree)
               Display the directory tree based on the current directory.   You  can  select  the
               directory in the tree screen, to move the current directory.

          Edit file (Editor)
               Edit  the  file  on  the cursor position.  The editor is used referring EDITOR the
               internal variable, or referring EDITOR the environment variable when the  internal
               variable is undefined.

          Unpack file (Unpack)
               Unpack  the  archive file on the cursor position into the specified directory.  In
               builtin configuration, you can unpack only the tar file and  its  compressed  file
               and  the  LHa  compressed  file.   You  can describe configurations in the initial
               configuration file to support archivers except these.

          Change attribute (Attr)
               Change the file access mode, the timestamp and the owner/group of the file on  the
               cursor  position.   When  some files are marked, the target is not the file on the
               cursor position but the marked files.  In case  of  the  marked  files,  you  must
               select  the  mode,  the  timestamp  or  the  owner/group,  before  changing it all
               together.

               When you input the mode, cursor keys move a cursor to the  position  you  want  to
               change,  [Space]  reverses  the attribute on the position.  You should notice that
               the attribute of the execution bit is not a binary toggle  but  a  triple  toggle,
               which  includes setuid bit, setgid bit and sticky bit respectively.  If the target
               is the marked files, [m](Mask) will mask a bit on the cursor position with '*', to
               keep  the value of the original file attribute.  When you input the timestamp, you
               move a cursor to the position you want to change, and input a numeric value.  When
               you  input  the  owner/group, you move a cursor to the position for each name, and
               input a name or a ID value with [Space].  You can use the completion  for  a  user
               name  and a group name to input each name.  Finally, [Return] executes the change.
               You can cancel with [Esc].  Be careful  that  the  limit  check  of  date  is  not
               perfect.

               Moreover, [a](Attr), [d](Date), [t](Time), [o](Owner) and [g](Group) move a cursor
               to the each beginning of input line.

               On the OS which has the attribute of file flags, you can change the file flags  as
               well as the mode.  In this case, [f](Flag) move a cursor to the beginning of input
               line of file flags.  But the value of flags which you can change is based on  your
               permission.

          File system information (Info)
               Display  the information of the specified file system.  When the inputted pathname
               is not the special file which indicates a file system, the information of the file
               system including the pathname is displayed.

          Move file (Move)
               Move  the file on the cursor position to the specified directory.  When the cursor
               position indicates a directory, the directory itself is moved.   When  some  files
               are  marked,  the  target  is  not  the file on the cursor position but the marked
               files.

               When the same named file exists in the destination, you can select  the  operation
               as  well as COPY_FILE.  When the destination belongs to the different file system,
               copy and delete are just executed continuously.

          Delete directory (rmDir)
               Delete the directory on the cursor position recursively.  When the directory in  a
               symbolic link, only the link is deleted and the linked directory has no effect.

          Make directory (mKdir)
               Make  the sub directory on the current directory.  When the inputted sub directory
               string includes '/', which is the pathname delimiter, it goes on making  directory
               recursively until the directory described by the string is finally created.

               When  you  input  the pathname which starts with '/', the directory is made not on
               the current directory but on the absolute path described.

          Execute child process (sHell)
               Execute the inputted command string as the child process, by handling the internal
               shell.   You  can  refer the command history and use automatic LFN replacement, as
               well as EXECUTE_FILE.  When you push only [Return] without  any  input,  the  user
               shell  which  is  described  by  SHELL  the  internal  variable or the environment
               variable is invoked.  In this case, you should input "exit" to return to fd.  When
               the  value  of  SHELL  is  fdsh, the internal shell is executed as the interactive
               shell.

               However, when there is the same command name as a builtin command  or  a  internal
               command,  the  builtin command or the internal command are executed instead of the
               external command.  You can refer the clause of `Builtin Commands' for the  details
               of the builtin command.

          Write directory (Write)
               Write  the  displayed  directory.  The gap between files on the directory entry is
               filled.  When it is executed after arranged by PUSH_FILE, POP_FILE  and  SORT_DIR,
               the result is written.

               When  the  displayed  directory  doesn't  belong  to the hierarchy under your home
               directory, you are confirmed for security whether if any other  user  doesn't  use
               the  directory.   Since it is insecure, you cannot write the NFS mounted directory
               and some special directories.

               If you execute the internal command which arranges the file order, and then try to
               execute  the  internal  command which will break that order, you will be confirmed
               whether if you write the directory or not, just before  the  internal  command  is
               executed.   For  this  function, you can write the directory without intentionally
               executing this Directory write command.  But when the displayed directory  is  not
               under your home directory, this confirmation is not done.

          Backup tape (Backup)
               Backup  the  file  on the cursor position into the specified storage device.  When
               the cursor position indicates a directory, all of its contents is backuped.   When
               some  files  are marked, the target is not the file on the cursor position but the
               marked files.

               Tar(1) is used for backup.  When you specify the  filename  except  special  files
               indicates  devices  as  input of the device name, the archive file is created with
               that filename.

          View file (View)
               View the file on the cursor position.  The  pager  is  used  referring  PAGER  the
               internal  variable,  or referring PAGER the environment variable when the internal
               variable is undefined.

          Pack file (Pack)
               Pack the file on the cursor position into the specified archive  file.   When  the
               cursor  position  indicates  a  directory,  all of its contents is packed into the
               archive file.  When some files are marked, the target  is  not  the  file  on  the
               cursor position but the marked files.

               According  to  the extension of the inputted archive file, the associated archiver
               is automatically selected.  In builtin configuration, you can pack  only  the  tar
               file  and  its  compressed  file  and  the  LHa compressed file.  You can describe
               configurations in the initial  configuration  file  to  support  archivers  except
               these.

               When  you  use tar(1), you may sometimes be unable to pack a lot of files at once,
               because of the maximum parameter length which can be  given  at  once.   In  those
               case, you can create the archive file with BACKUP_TAPE.

          Operations with tree
               [L],  [C],  [M]  and  [U] can make you select the pathname from the directory tree
               instead of the string input.  They execute  the  internal  command  equivalent  to
               LOG_DIR, COPY_FILE, MOVE_FILE and UNPACK_FILE, respectively.

          Find file recursively
               Find  the  file matching the wildcard recursively under the current directory, and
               move the directory  where  the  found  file  exists.   When  the  cursor  position
               indicates a directory, it find the file under the directory on the cursor position
               instead of the current directory.

               You will be confirmed for each matching file whether if you move or not,  and  you
               can select [n](No) unless the target file is displayed.

          Change attributes recursively
               Change  attributes  the  directory on the cursor position revursively.  As well as
               changing attributes of the marked files, you must select the mode,  the  timestamp
               or  the  owner/group,  before  changing  it  all together with each file under the
               directory.

               When you input the mode, you should notice that the attribute of the execution bit
               is  not  a  triple  toggle but a 5-states toggle, which includes 'X' and '!'.  'X'
               means setting the bit only if the object is a directory or some execution bits are
               set.   '!'  also means unsetting the bit only if the object is a directory or some
               execution bits are set.  [m](Mask) will mask a bit on  the  cursor  position  with
               '*', to keep the value of the original file attribute.

          Invoke launcher
               [Return]  executes  the  operation  according  to the extension of the file on the
               cursor position, unless the cursor position indicates  a  directory.   In  builtin
               configuration,  the  archive  browser  is  registered  with  the  tar file and its
               compressed file and the LHa compressed file.  You can describe  configurations  in
               the initial configuration file to register launchers except these.

               When  the  file  on  the  cursor  position has the unregistered extension, it will
               behave as same as VIEW_FILE.  In the archive browser, the registered  launcher  is
               available, so that you can invoke the archive browser recursively.

          Switch symbolic link mode
               In  case  of  the  symbolic  link file, the file information displayed in the file
               column and the status line shows not the status of its referential  file  but  the
               status  of  the  link  itself.   It switches to show the status of the referential
               file.  (UNIX)

               In the mode of showing the status of the referential file, 'S'(Symbolic  Link)  is
               displayed on the left end of the function line.

          Switch file type symbol mode
               Switch  to  display the symbol which means the file type after the filename in the
               file list, like as the display in -F option of ls(1).  It is toggle to  switch  if
               display the symbol or not.  The each symbol means the following.
                    /    directory
                    @    symbolic link
                        executable file
                    =    socket
                        FIFO

                    (MS-DOS version and the floppy drive)
                    /    directory
                        executable file
                    =    system file
                        label

               In the mode of displaying the file type symbol, 'T'(Type) is displayed on the left
               end of the function line.

          Switch dot file display mode
               Switch not to display the file whose filename starts with '.' in  the  file  list.
               It is toggle to switch if display the dot file or not.

               In  the  mode of not displaying the dot file, 'H'(Hidden) is displayed on the left
               end of the function line.

          Switch file flag display mode
               Switch to display the file flag, which exists in some OS, instead of the file mode
               on  each  file.  It is toggle to switch if display the file flag or the file mode.
               This is not available on any OS without the file flag.  The each symbol means  the
               following respectively.  (UNIX)
                    A    Archived
                    N    Nodump
                    a    system Append-only
                    c    system unChangeable (immutable)
                    u    system Undeletable
                    a    user Append-only
                    c    user unChangeable (immutable)
                    u    user Undeletable

               In  the  mode of displaying the file flag, 'F'(Flags) is displayed on the left end
               of the function line.

          Search file
               Search the current directory incrementally for the filename, with moving a cursor.
               When  you  execute this command, to switch to the search mode, a prompt appears in
               the function line.  You can input the filename in this prompt, and a  cursor  will
               move  to  the  filename  matching  the  string  which  is already inputted at that
               present.  [Esc] switches to the normal mode.

          Split window
               Split the current window.  When you split a window in the normal non-split  window
               mode, it will be the split window mode in which the screen is split into 2 windows
               vertically.  In the split window mode, you can operate works individually on  each
               window.   When  you  split  a window in the split window mode, the current working
               window is split into 2 windows vertically.  You can make split windows up to 5.

          Change window
               Change effective window to the next in the split window mode.   When  the  current
               window  is  the last, the first window will be effective.  In the non-split window
               mode, it is ineffective.

          Widen window
               Widen the current window size in the split window mode, to narrow the next  window
               size.   When  the  current  window  is  the  last,  the  first window size will be
               narrowed.  In the non-split window mode, it is ineffective.

          Narrow window
               Narrow the current window size in the split window mode, to widen the next  window
               size.  When the current window is the last, the first window size will be widened.
               In the non-split window mode, it is ineffective.

          Kill window
               Kill the current window in the split window mode,  to  join  it  to  the  previous
               window.   When  the  current  window  is  the first, it will be joined to the last
               window.  If the result number of windows is one, it will be the  non-split  window
               mode.  In the non-split window mode, it is ineffective.

          Invoke customizer
               Invoke  the customizer which interactively changes the configurations to be set up
               by the internal variable and the builtin command.  While the configurations  which
               is   set   up   here   is  reflected  immediately,  you  must  intentionally  save
               configurations  in  the  customizer  if  you  want  to  reflect  in  the   initial
               configuration file.

          Display help
               Display the list of the current key bindings and their command descriptions.  When
               the list is not completely held in a screen, it prompts for every screen.

               In case of the circulated executable binary file, this  screen  shows  the  E-mail
               address of the circulation manager in the function line.  Please contact here when
               something will happen.

          Quit (Quit)
               Quit from fd.

   Commands
       In EXECUTE_SH and the initial configuration  file,  you  can  use  the  internal  commands
       described  above  and  the  builtin  commands  described  below,  as  well as the external
       commands.  With these commands, a pipeline can consist of one or more  commands  separated
       by   or ⎪&.   connects the standard output of the previous command to the standard input
       of the next command.  ⎪& connects both the standard output and the standard  error  output
       of  the  previous command to the standard input of the next command.  The exit status of a
       pipeline is the exit status of the last command.  You can start a pipeline  with  !,  then
       the  exit  status  of  a  pipeline  will be the logical NOT of the exit status of the last
       command.  Moreover, a command list can consist of one or more pipelines separated by ;, &,
       &⎪,  &&,  ⎪⎪.   This  command  list  can  end  with ;, & or &⎪.  These separators mean the
       following.
          ;    Execute commands sequentially.
          &    Execute commands synchronously, not waiting for the preceding pipeline to  finish.
               (UNIX)
          &⎪   Same as &, except to immediately disown the job.  (UNIX)
          &&   Execute  the  following  pipeline  only if the preceding pipeline returns a 0 exit
               status.
          ⎪⎪   Execute the following pipeline only if the preceding pipeline returns a non-0 exit
               status.
       In these command lists, a newline means as same as ;.

       The  input/output of each command in the command list can be redirected with the following
       redirectees.  These redirectees can be placed on any position in the command string.
          n<file    Redirect the input indicated by the file descriptor n  into  the  input  from
                    file.  If n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
          n>file    Redirect  the  output  indicated  by the file descriptor n into the output to
                    file.  If n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard output  is  specified.
                    If  file  doesn't  exist it is created, otherwise it is truncated to 0 length
                    before output.
          n>⎪file   Same as >, except to force to overwrite existent files even if -C  option  is
                    set by set the builtin command.
          n>>file   Redirect  the  output  indicated  by the file descriptor n into the output to
                    file.  If n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard output  is  specified.
                    If file doesn't exist it is created, otherwise output is appended to it.
          n1<&n2    Redirect  the  input  indicated  by  the  file  descriptor  n1 into the input
                    indicated by the file descriptor n2.  If n1 is omitted, it is regarded as the
                    standard input is specified.
          n1>&n2    Redirect  the  output  indicated  by  the  file descriptor n1 into the output
                    indicated by the file descriptor n2.  If n1 is omitted, it is regarded as the
                    standard output is specified.
          &>file    Redirect  both  the  standard  output  and the standard error output into the
                    output to file.  If file  doesn't  exist  it  is  created,  otherwise  it  is
                    truncated to 0 length before output.
          &>⎪file   Same  as &>, except to force to overwrite existent files even if -C option is
                    set by set the builtin command.
          &>>file   Redirect both the standard output and the  standard  error  output  into  the
                    output  to  file.   If  file doesn't exist it is created, otherwise output is
                    appended to it.
          n<>file   Redirect both the input/output indicated by the file descriptor  n  into  the
                    input/output  from/to  file.  If n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard
                    input is specified.
          n><file   Redirect both the input/output indicated by the file descriptor  n  into  the
                    input/output  from/to  file.  If n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard
                    output is specified.
          n1<>&n2   Redirect both the input/output indicated by the file descriptor n1  into  the
                    input/output  indicated  by  the file descriptor n2.  If n1 is omitted, it is
                    regarded as the standard input is specified.
          n1><&n2   Redirect both the input/output indicated by the file descriptor n1  into  the
                    input/output  indicated  by  the file descriptor n2.  If n1 is omitted, it is
                    regarded as the standard output is specified.
          n<-
          n<&-      Close the input indicated by the file descriptor n.  If n is omitted,  it  is
                    regarded as the standard input is specified.
          n>-
          n>&-      Close  the output indicated by the file descriptor n.  If n is omitted, it is
                    regarded as the standard output is specified.
          n<>-
          n<>&-     Close both the input/output indicated by the file  descriptor  n.   If  n  is
                    omitted, it is regarded as the standard input is specified.
          n><-
          n><&-     Close  both  the  input/output  indicated  by the file descriptor n.  If n is
                    omitted, it is regarded as the standard output is specified.
          n<<[-]word
                    Redirect the input indicated by the file descriptor n into the input which is
                    read  up  to a input line as same as word, or to an end of file.  If any part
                    of word is quoted, no input line is evaluated.  Otherwise, each input line is
                    evaluated  to  expand  variables or replace strings.  When you specify -, all
                    tabs on the beginning of input lines is stripped to be send to a command.  If
                    n is omitted, it is regarded as the standard input is specified.

       When  you  specify  the  file  with  each  redirect,  you  can  describe  the  filename as
       `scheme://host:port' form to open the following TCP sockets, according to  the  string  of
       scheme.   The  authentication  of  your  OS  will  restrict specifying the accepting port.
       (UNIX)
          connect://host:port
                    This socket is connected to the remote host specified by host  with  the  TCP
                    port number specified by port.
          accept://[host][:port]
                    This socket is accepted to the local host specified by host with the TCP port
                    number specified by port.  If host is omitted, this socket will  be  accepted
                    to any host.  If port is omitted, the port within the range determined by the
                    OS is used.
          bind://[host][:port]
                    This socket is bound to the local host specified by host with  the  TCP  port
                    number  specified  by port, preparing accept the builtin command.  If host is
                    omitted, this socket will be accepted to any host.  If port is  omitted,  the
                    port within the range determined by the OS is used.

       On  each command line, the string from '#' to the end of line and a null line are ignored.
       When the line ends with '\', it is referred as continuing into the next line, so that  you
       can split a long line with this.

   Builtin Commands
       Fd  has  the following builtin commands.  These builtin commands can be used in EXECUTE_SH
       and the initial configuration file.

       if list then [elif list then list] ... [else list] fi
                     The list of if clause and elif clauses are executed in order,  and  if  each
                     exit  status  is  a  0,  then  the list of then clause associated with it is
                     executed and the elif clauses after it are ignored.  If no list of if clause
                     nor  elif  clauses  return  a 0, the list of else clause is executed.  If no
                     list of then clauses nor else clause is executed, then if returns a  0  exit
                     status.

       while list do list done
                     The  list  of while clause is executed repeatedly, and while its exit status
                     is 0, the list of do clause is executed  repeatedly.   If  the  list  of  do
                     clause is never executed, then while returns a 0 exit status.

       until list do list done
                     The  list  of until clause is executed repeatedly, and while its exit status
                     is NOT 0, the list of do clause is executed repeatedly.  If the list  of  do
                     clause is never executed, then until returns a 0 exit status.

       for NAME [in value ...] do list done
                     NAME  the  internal  variable is substituted for values of value one by one,
                     and list is executed according to the each value.  If in value  is  omitted,
                     then each positional parameter is substituted one by one.

       case word in [pattern [ pattern] ... ) list ;;] ... esac
                     The  string word is compared with the each pattern, list associated with the
                     pattern which first matches it is executed.

       (list)        Execute list in a sub shell.

       { list; }     Execute list in the current shell.

       NAME=[value] [com ...]
                     Define a internal variable which is available only in  fd.   It  substitutes
                     the  value (string) value for NAME the internal variable.  When you describe
                     the command com after the definition of a variable, com is executed  on  the
                     state  where this variable is regarded as the environment variable.  In this
                     case, the definition of NAME is not remain as the environment  variable  nor
                     the internal variable.

                     If value is omitted, the value of NAME the internal variable is defined as a
                     null.  If you want to delete the definition  of  a  internal  variable,  use
                     unset the builtin command.

       name() { list; }
                     Define  a  function  whose  body  is list, as the name of name.  The defined
                     function can be used in the command line  of  EXECUTE_SH  and  each  command
                     macro  described  below.   You  can  use the positional parameter $n in each
                     description of list, which indicates  the  argument  when  the  function  is
                     invoked.  $0 is name itself, and $1-$9 indicates each argument.

                     Although  you  cannot  omit { } and list, you can omit { } before/after list
                     which consists of a single command.  If you want to delete the definition of
                     a function, use unset the builtin command.

       !num          Execute  the command which has the history number specified with the numeric
                     value num.  When num is negative value, it executes the  command  which  has
                     the history number as the current history number minus num.

       !!            Execute the previous command.  This is synonym for !-1.

       !str          Execute the command history which starts with the string str.

       : [arg ...]   No effect.  But it evaluates arg and performs redirection.

       . file
       source file   Read  and  evaluate  commands  from file.  File must exists on the directory
                     which PATH includes, or be described with pathname.  The each line format is
                     based  on  the  format  of EXECUTE_SH.  You can describe this in the file as
                     nesting.

       accept [fd]   Accept the connection with the file descriptor  indicated  by  fd,  and  the
                     connected  socket  will be assign to fd of the same file descriptor.  At the
                     same time, the  accepted  socket  will  be  closed.   When  fd  is  not  the
                     redirection  as  the  form  of  bind://,  this  command  will be failed.  In
                     comparison with the redirection as the form  of  accept://,  the  shell  can
                     receive  controls  before  establishing connection to negotiate the TCP port
                     number with the remote host in advance.  (UNIX)

                     If fd is omitted, the connection will be accepted with the standard input.

       addcr [-1] [file]
                     Output the string read from the file specified by file, line by  line.   The
                     newline of each line is unified into CR-NL (\r\n).  It is useful to pipe the
                     output to some socket.

                     If file is omitted, it is regarded as the standard input is  specified.   If
                     -1 is specified, it will output just 1 line and exit.

       alias [name[=com]]
                     Define  a  alias  whose body is com, as the name of name.  The defined alias
                     can be used in the  command  line  of  EXECUTE_SH  and  each  command  macro
                     described below.  The alias substitution is performed recursively.

                     If com is omitted, the alias of name is displayed.  If both com and name are
                     omitted, all the current alias definition list is displayed.

       arch ext [pack unpack]
                     Register the archiver command associated with the archive file which has ext
                     the  extension.   The  pack  command  is  specified  as pack, and the unpack
                     command is specified as unpack, using the macro representation  quoted  with
                     ".  When ext starts with /, uppercase/lowercase is ignored in the comparison
                     of any extension.

                     If both pack and unpack are omitted, the archiver command  registration  for
                     ext the extension is deleted.

       bg [job]      Continue the execution of the job specified with job in the background.  The
                     following format is available to specify a job.  (UNIX)
                           %
                           %+   the current job
                           %-   the previous job
                           %n   the job with job number n
                           %str the job whose command line starts with str
                     But, you must describe these % in the command  line  of  EXECUTE_SH  as  the
                     duplicated  expression,  such  as  %%, for the reason of the parameter macro
                     function described below.

                     If job is omitted, the current job is continued in the background.

       bind c [com1 [com2] [:comment]]
                     Bind the command com1 to the key c.  When you  want  to  specify  a  control
                     character  for  c, you can prefix ^ into 2 characters, such as ^A.  When you
                     want to specify a character with the META key (or  the  ALT  key  on  MS-DOS
                     version),  you can prefix @ into 2 characters, such as @a.  When you want to
                     specify a function key and a  special  key,  you  can  use  each  identifier
                     described  in  keymap  command  after, such as F10.  Or you can describe the
                     escape sequence, such as \n and \e, and the octal expression, such as \ooo.

                     In case of  binding  the  internal  command  of  fd,  you  can  the  command
                     identifier as it is.  When you want to define the internal command with some
                     arguments or define the command in  the  macro  representation,  you  should
                     describe the string quoted with ".  If com2 is not omitted, com2 is executed
                     when the cursor position indicates a directory.   When  the  key  c  is  the
                     function key of F1-F20, if you describe comment prefixed with : trailing the
                     command description, you can change the display of associated  part  in  the
                     function line into comment.

                     However,  note  that,  with  the  key  binding  for  the  control  key,  the
                     configuration in the edit mode described below is prior to the key binding.

                     If both com1 and com2 are omitted, the registration of key binding  for  the
                     key c is deleted.

       break [n]     Exit  from  the  loop,  it  is used in the for statement and so on.  If n is
                     specified, it breaks n levels from the loop.

       browse [-@ file]
       browse com [-ftbie arg] [-p com2] [-dn {noprep,loop}] ...
                     Execute com the command, and invoke the archive  browser  who  receives  its
                     output.   You should the macro representation quoted with " as com.  -f, -t,
                     -b, -i and -e options are the  same  as  the  one  for  launch  the  builtin
                     command.  In case that multiple coms are specified, the next com the command
                     is executed one after another when you select  each  files  in  the  archive
                     browser,  and  the formats and patterns described after each com the command
                     are adopted.  In order to return to the previous level of  archive  browser,
                     you  should  select  the file named as ..  or push the key [Bs].  Or you can
                     use QUIT_SYSTEM the command to escape  from  all  of  the  archive  browsers
                     invoked by browse.  You must describe -f option, except for the last com the
                     command.  When the last com has no -f option,  the  command  has  been  just
                     executed instead of invoking an archive browser, and then will return to the
                     previous archive browser when it is done.

                     When you specify -p option, the execution of com2 the command  precedes  the
                     execution  of the next com the command when you select a file.  While com is
                     executed in the sub shell for a pipeline, com2 is executed  in  the  current
                     shell  to inherit the values of internal variables set in this command after
                     com2 has been done.  The filenames which is selected toward  this  level  of
                     archive browser are held in positional parameters sequentially, and the last
                     selected filename is held  in  $1.   These  parameters  will  be  newly  set
                     whenever  you select a file, so that they are reset in sequential order when
                     you select the next file even if you replace them  with  set  or  shift  the
                     builtin  command.   -d and -n options specify a control if the selected file
                     is a directory or not respectively.  When you specify noprep, com2 specified
                     by  -p  option  is  not executed.  When you specify loop, you don't step the
                     next com the command but the same com the command again.

                     And when you think troublesome to describe too many  arguments  for  browse,
                     you  can specify file the file in which some arguments are described with -@
                     option.  You can describe -@ option in any place of arguments, the arguments
                     described  in  file are inserted in the place where -@ is described.  If you
                     specify - as file, arguments are read from the standard input instead of the
                     file.   You  should  describe  arguments  in file with spaces or newlines as
                     separator.  The null line and the line started with # will be ignored.  When
                     you describe -@ option in file, the argument file is referred recursively.

       builtin arg ...
                     Execute  arg  as  a simple builtin command.  When the same named function is
                     defined, the function will not be executed.

       cd [-LP] [dir]
       chdir [-LP] [dir]
                     Change the current directory in fd to dir.  If dir is omitted, it  moves  to
                     the  directory  indicated by HOME the internal variable.  If you specify the
                     pathname as ".", "?", "-", "@", it behaves like as LOG_DIR.

                     If -L is specified, the logical pathname following symbolic links  is  used.
                     If  -P  is  specified,  the physical pathname following no symbolic links is
                     used.  Otherwise, the  physical  option  for  set  the  builtin  command  is
                     effective.

       checkid [file ...]
                     Calculate  the  unique ID of the specified file and display it, according to
                     the MD5 algorithm in RFC1321.  When you specify multiple files, the  IDs  of
                     all specified files are calculated and displayed.  When you specify nothing,
                     the ID of running fd itself is displayed.

                     Since this algorithm is guaranteed to be secure, it is available to  confirm
                     the identity of files.

       cls           Clear the screen.

       command [-p | -v | -V] arg ...
                     Execute  arg  as a simple command.  When the same named function is defined,
                     the function will not be executed.  If -p is specified, the default value of
                     PATH  is used to search the path.  If -v is specified, the absolute path for
                     arg is displayed instead of executing arg.  In this case,  arg  the  builtin
                     command will cause simply its name.  If -V is specified, verbose description
                     for arg is displayed as same as type.

       continue n    Resume the next iteration in the loop, it is used in the for  statement  and
                     so  on.   If n is specified, it resumes the next iteration in the loop n - 1
                     levels out of the loop.

       copy [-ABVY-Y] src [-AB] [+ src2 [-AB] [+ ...]] [dest [-AB]]
                     Copy the file indicated by src into the file or the directory  indicated  by
                     dest.   When  dest indicates a directory, the filename in the destination is
                     src.  If dest is omitted, it is copied into the current directory.  You  can
                     specify  multiple  source files by describing to separate them with +, or by
                     using the wildcard.   When  you  separate  them  with  +,  those  files  are
                     concatenated  and copied.  When you use the wildcard, they are copied one by
                     one in case that the destination is a directory, and they  are  concatenated
                     in case that the destination is a file.

                     When you specify -A, it is treated as the ASCII text file.  When you specify
                     -B, it is treated as the binary file.  When you specify -V, it  is  verified
                     to  copy.   When  you  specify  -Y,  it  doesn't  prompts  for confirming to
                     overwrite into the destination.   When  you  specify  --Y,  it  prompts  for
                     confirmation before overwriting into the destination.

                     (MS-DOS  version  requires  to  use  /  instead of - as an option prefix for
                     compatibility with COMMAND.COM.)

       del [-P] file
       erase [-P] file
                     Delete the files indicated by file.  You can specify multiple files by using
                     wildcard.

                     When you specify -P, it prompts for confirmation before deleting files.

                     (MS-DOS  version  requires  to  use  /  instead of - as an option prefix for
                     compatibility with COMMAND.COM.)

       dir [-[-]PWSBLV4] [-A[DRHSA-]] [-O[NSEDGA-]] [dir]
                     List files and sub directories in the directory indicated by dir.  If dir is
                     omitted, the information in the current directory is listed.

                     When  you  specify -P, it prompts for every screen.  When you specify -W, it
                     is listed in the wide view.  When you specify -A, it lists  only  the  files
                     which have the attribute indicated by the trailing character.
                           D  directory        R  read only file
                           H  hidden file      S  system file
                           A  ready to archive -  except it
                     When you specify -O, it sorts with the sorted type indicated by the trailing
                     character.
                           N  by name          S  by size
                           E  by extension     D  by date & time
                           G  directory first  A  by last access time
                           -  reverse order
                     When you specify -S, it lists  files  in  all  sub  directories.   When  you
                     specify  -B,  it  displays  only  names  of files and directories.  When you
                     specify -L, it uses lowercase.  When you specify -V, it  lists  the  verbose
                     information.   When you specify -4, it displays year with 4 digits.  And you
                     can prefix - to any option letter to override the option.

                     (MS-DOS version requires to use / instead of  -  as  an  option  prefix  for
                     compatibility with COMMAND.COM.)

       dirs          Display the list of the current directory stack.  Pushd and popd the builtin
                     command can load/unload directories onto the directory stack.

       disown [job]  Remove the job specified with job from the shell control.   The  job  to  be
                     disowned  cannot  be  controlled  by jobs, fg and bg.  If invoked as a login
                     shell, any jobs not to be disowned will be forced to  exit  when  the  shell
                     finish.  (UNIX)

                     If job is omitted, the current job is removed from the shell control.

       dtype file    Display the contents of the file indicated by file.

       echo [-nN] [arg ...]
                     Echo  arg  to  the  standard  output.  When you don't specify -n, newline is
                     added to output trailing after arg.  When  you  specify  -N,  the  outputted
                     newline becomes CR-NL (\r\n).  See echo(1) for details.

       enable [-n] [arg ...]
                     Enable  arg  as a builtin command.  When you specify -n, it is disabled.  If
                     arg is omitted, all of the enabled or disabled builtin commands is listed.

       eval [arg ...]
                     Evaluate arg and execute the results.

       evalmacro [arg ...]
                     Evaluate parameter macros included in arg and execute  the  results.   Since
                     eval  doesn't evaluate any parameter macro, you should choose them according
                     to uses.  When in the function, you cannot use any parameter macro, then you
                     need this command to extract parameter macros.

       exec [com [arg ...]]
                     Execute  com  in  place  of  the  execution  of  fd.  You can specify arg as
                     arguments of com.

       exit [n]      Exit from fd.  When you specify n, it exits with the exit status n.

       export [NAME[=[value]] ...]
                     Mark NAME the internal variable to be inherited to child  processes  as  the
                     environment variable.  Since then, the definition of NAME can be referred in
                     any child process.  When you export  the  undefined  internal  variable,  it
                     doesn't  become  the  environment  variable  until  the internal variable is
                     defined.  When you want to define the value at the  same  time,  you  should
                     specify value.

                     If  only  =  is  specified  and  value  is  omitted,  the  value of NAME the
                     environment variable is defined as a null.  If no argument is specified, all
                     of  the  exported  environment variables is listed.  When you want to delete
                     the definition of the environment variable, you can use  unset  the  builtin
                     command.

       false         Only return with a 1 exit status.

       fc [-l | -s [old=new ...]] [-nr ] [-e editor] [first [last]]
                     List  or edit command histories.  First and last select the range of command
                     histories.  This specification can be described as  a  numeric  value  or  a
                     string.   A  positive value means the command history number, and a negative
                     value means the command history which has the history number as the  current
                     history  number  minus  the  value.  A string mean the command history which
                     starts with the string.  If -n is specified, command  histories  are  listed
                     without  their  history  numbers.  If -r is specified, command histories are
                     listed in reverse order.  If -e is specified, the editor named by editor  is
                     used  to edit command histories, otherwise the editor specified by FCEDIT or
                     EDITOR the internal variable is used.

                     When -l is specified, selected command histories are listed to the  standard
                     output.   In  this  case, omitting last means to specify the current history
                     number, and also omitting first means to specify -16.

                     When -s is specified, the command history  selected  by  first  is  executed
                     immediately.   In  this  case,  omitting  first means to specify the current
                     history number.  The first occurrence of  the  string  old  in  the  command
                     history will be replaced by the string new before execution.

                     When  neither  -l  nor  -s  is not specified, selected command histories are
                     edited, and then each edited commands are executed one by one  with  display
                     in the standard output.  In this case, omitting last means to specify first,
                     and also omitting first means to specify  the  current  history  number  for
                     both.

       fd [directory [directory2]]
                     Invoke  fd  from  the internal shell.  If you specify directory, the current
                     directory is moved to the directory initially.  If you  specify  directory2,
                     the  split  window  mode  is  invoked,  and  the  current  directory  of the
                     supplemental window is moved to  the  directory.   You  can  return  to  the
                     internal  shell  by QUIT_SYSTEM.  It is effective only when it is invoked as
                     fdsh.

       fg [job]      Continue the execution of the job specified with job in the foreground.  The
                     following format is available to specify a job.  (UNIX)
                           %
                           %+   the current job
                           %-   the previous job
                           %n   the job with job number n
                           %str the job whose command line starts with str
                     But,  you  must  describe  these  % in the command line of EXECUTE_SH as the
                     duplicated expression, such as %%, for the reason  of  the  parameter  macro
                     function described below.

                     If job is omitted, the current job is continued in the foreground.

       getfreq [file]
                     Output the contents of the translation frequency file, specified by file, to
                     the standard output for the  users  Kana-Kanji  translation  learning.   The
                     output  format  provides one record per line, which consists of "Yomi-Gana",
                     "word" and "frequency" separated by tab.  You can use  this  output  as  the
                     argument  of  setfreq  to  import  the  frequency  information.   If file is
                     omitted, it is regarded as  the  translation  frequency  file  specified  by
                     FREQFILE the internal variable.  (UNIX)

       getkey [num]  Get  the  key  code sequence for the pushed key.  It prompts after executed,
                     and displays the key code sequence for the key which you  push  to  specify.
                     It  continues  until  you  push  any key num times.  When num is more than 1
                     time, you can stop it  with  pushing  [Space].   When  num  is  0  time,  it
                     continues  forever  until  [Space] is pushed.  The displayed sequence can be
                     used as the key code sequence for keymap command.  (UNIX)

                     If num is omitted, it is regarded as 1 time is specified.

       getopts optstr NAME [arg ...]
                     Used to parse the optional parameters from a sequence  of  arg.   The  valid
                     characters  as  option  is  described  in optstr.  An option character which
                     needs an argument is described  with  following  :  in  optstr.   Each  time
                     getopts  is invoked, the new option character parsed from arg is substituted
                     for NAME the internal variable.   When  the  option  has  an  argument,  the
                     argument  is substituted for OPTARG the internal variable.  And the index of
                     the next parameter is substituted for OPTIND  the  internal  variable  every
                     time.   The  value  of  OPTIND  is  initialized  to  1 whenever the shell is
                     invoked, another parsing of option parameters needs initializing OPTIND to 1
                     manually.   If  arg  is  omitted,  positional  parameters  are parsed to the
                     optional parameters.

                     When the end of option is encountered, getopts will exit with the  value  of
                     1.   In  this  case,  ?   is substituted for NAME.  When an option character
                     which is not included in optstr is found, an error message is written to the
                     standard  error,  then ?  is substituted for NAME and OPTARG is unset.  But,
                     if OPTARG is started with :, no error message  is  written,  and  the  found
                     option  character  is  substituted  for OPTARG instead.  When no argument is
                     found with the option character which needs an argument, an error message is
                     written to the standard error, then ?  is substituted for NAME and OPTARG is
                     unset.  But, if OPTARG is started with :, no error message is written,  then
                     the  found  option  character  is  substituted  for OPTARG instead, and : is
                     substituted for NAME.

       hash [-rcom ...]
                     Search the absolute path for com referring  to  PATH,  which  indicates  the
                     search  path  when the external command is executed, and register the result
                     in the hash table.

                     When you specify -r  instead  of  com,  all  the  memorized  hash  table  is
                     discarded.   If com is omitted, the hash table information is listed.  hits,
                     cost, command indicate the number of times the command  has  been  executed,
                     the  measure  of  the work required to search it in the search path, and the
                     absolute path for the command, respectively.  When the command  is  searched
                     in  a  relative directory, it is necessary to re-search whenever the current
                     directory is moved, because it is not registered as the absolute  path.   In
                     such command,  trailing hits is displayed.

       history [n]   List the last n command histories with the history number.

                     If n is omitted, all of the memorized command histories is listed.

       jobs          List the running jobs.  (UNIX)

       kconv [-i in] [-o out] [infile [outfile]]
                     Read  from  infile  and convert its Kanji code from in to out, and output to
                     outfile.  In in and out, you can specify the string which used in FNAMEKCODE
                     the  internal  variable  described below.  If each of them is omitted, it is
                     regarded as that the Kanji code  specified  in  compile  is  specified.   If
                     outfile  is  omitted,  it outputs to the standard output.  If also infile is
                     omitted, it reads from the standard input.  (UNIX)

       keymap [c [str]]
                     Map the sequence str as key code of the special key c.  You can use only the
                     following identifiers as c.  (UNIX)
                           UP       Up         DOWN     Down
                           RIGHT    Right      LEFT     Left
                           BEG      Begin      EOL      Eol
                           HOME     Home       END      End
                           INS      Insert     DEL      Delete
                           INSLIN   InsLine    DELLIN   DelLine
                           PPAGE    PageUp     NPAGE    PageDown
                           ENTER    Enter      BS       Bs
                           CLR      Clear      HELP     Help
                           PLUS     + (tenkey) MINUS    - (tenkey)
                           ASTER    ∗ (tenkey) SLASH    / (tenkey)
                           COMMA    , (tenkey) DOT      . (tenkey)
                           EQUAL    = (tenkey) RET      Return (tenkey)
                           TK0..TK9 0-9 (tenkey)
                           F1...F20 function key

                     You  can  use the escape sequence in the key code sequence, such as \n =0x0a
                     and \e =0x1b.  You can also use the octal expression, such as \ooo.  You can
                     describe  the  control  character  prefixing ^, such as ^A.  ^ itself can be
                     described as \^.

                     If str is omitted, the key code sequence for c is displayed.   If  both  str
                     and c are omitted, all of the mappings for special keys is listed.  When you
                     specify str as "", the key code mapping for c is canceled.

       kill [-l-signal] [pidjob ...]
                     Send the signal indicated by signal to the process indicated by the  process
                     number pid or to the job indicated by job.  Signal is described as a numeric
                     value or a signal name.

                     If signal is omitted, SIGTERM is send.  When you specify -l,  it  lists  the
                     signal names which can be used as signal instead of sending a signal.

       launch ext [com [format [top bottom]]]
       launch ext com [-f format] [-t top] [-b bottom] [-ie patt]
                     Register the behavior for ext the extension as the launcher.  You should the
                     macro representation quoted with " as com.  When  you  register  an  archive
                     browser,  you should describe the command to list the archived files as com,
                     and describe the format of the list as format.  When you  describe  top  and
                     bottom, you can specify unnecessary lines in the list as the number of lines
                     from the top/bottom line.  When ext starts with  /,  uppercase/lowercase  is
                     ignored in the comparison of any extension.

                     If com is omitted, the launcher registration for ext is canceled.

                     When  you  register  an  archive  browser,  you  can  use the latter form to
                     describe more  detailed  control.   You  can  specify  multiple  formats  as
                     candidates  with  multiple  -f  options.   These  candidates  for format are
                     compared in order of appearance, if no one is matched  completely  then  the
                     nearest  one is adopted.  -i and -e options specify patt the pattern for the
                     line to be ignored and for the line to be  treated  as  error  respectively.
                     When  the  list  includes  unnecessary  lines  you  can specify also top and
                     bottom, but you must specify lines except top/bottom lines with  -i  option.
                     In case that a failure to unpack files in the archive file causes outputting
                     some strings, you can specify the strings with -e option.  -i and -e options
                     can  specify  multiple  patterns,  and  they are effective if one of them is
                     matched.  And you can use a wildcard in the description for  each  patt  the
                     pattern.

       md dir        Create the directory dir.

       mkdir dir     Same as md.  (DOS)

       newgrp [arg ...]
                     Execute  newgrp(1)  in place of the execution of fd.  You can specify arg as
                     arguments of newgrp(1).  See newgrp(1) for details.  (UNIX)

       login [arg ...]
                     Execute login(1) in place of the execution of fd.  You can  specify  arg  as
                     arguments of login(1).  See login(1) for details.  (UNIX)

       logout [n]    Exit  from a login shell.  When you specify n, it exits with the exit status
                     n.

       popd          Unload the top directory onto the directory stack, and  change  the  current
                     directory in fd to the directory.  This command is failed when the directory
                     stack is empty.

       printarch [ext]
                     Print the archiver commands registered for the archive file  which  has  ext
                     the extension.

                     If ext is omitted, all of the registered archiver commands is listed.

       printbind [c] Print  the  command binded to the key c.  You can specify the key as well as
                     bind.

                     If c is omitted, all of the registered key  bindings  is  listed,  which  is
                     defined  not  as  the  internal  command  but as the command macro.  The key
                     bindings of internal commands can be referred in HELP_MESSAGE.

       printdrv [c]  Print the device file and  the  number  of  heads/sectors/cylinders  of  the
                     floppy drive registered for the drive name c.  (UNIX)

                     If c is omitted, all of the registered floppy drives is listed.

       printlaunch [ext]
                     Print  the  command  macro registered as the launcher for ext the extension.
                     When it is registered as the archive browser, the format for listing is also
                     printed.

                     If ext is omitted, all of the registered launchers is listed.

       printroman [roman]
                     Print  the  Roman-Kana  translation  table  for the Kana-Kanji IME mode.  It
                     means printing the Japanese string bound for roman the Roman string.  (UNIX)

                     If roman is omitted, all the  registered  Roman-Kana  translation  table  is
                     listed.

       pushd [dir]   Load  the current directory onto the directory stack, and change the current
                     directory in fd to dir.  If you specify the pathname as ".", "?", "-",  "@",
                     it behaves like as LOG_DIR.  The physical option for set the builtin command
                     is effective for symbolic links.

                     If dir is omitted, change the current directory to the top directory of  the
                     directory  stack,  and replace it with the current directory.  In this case,
                     this command is failed when the directory stack is empty.

       pwd [-LP]     Display the current directory with the absolute representation.   If  -L  is
                     specified,  the  logical pathname following symbolic links is displayed.  If
                     -P is specified, the  physical  pathname  following  no  symbolic  links  is
                     displayed.   Otherwise,  the  physical option for set the builtin command is
                     effective.

       read [-N] [NAME ...]
                     Read one line from the standard input and substitute that  string  for  NAME
                     the  internal variable.  The inputted string is separated with IFS into some
                     words.  When multiple NAMEs are specified, words are substituted one by  one
                     from  the first of line, and all the rest are substituted for the last NAME.
                     When the number of words in inputted string is less than the number of NAME,
                     a null is substituted for the rest of NAME.

                     If  -N is specified, the newline of the line to be read is regarded as CR-NL
                     (\r\n).

       readline [prompt]
                     Read one line from the terminal input and output that string to the standard
                     output.   When prompt is specified, the string is displayed on the beginning
                     of input line.  This command differs from read the builtin  command  in  the
                     terminal  input  and the line editing.  You cannot use the history as one of
                     the line editing, but can use the completion for a pathname.

       readonly [NAME[=[value]] ...]
                     Mark NAME the internal variable to be  readonly.   Since  then,  you  cannot
                     change  the  value  of  NAME.  When you want to define the value at the same
                     time, you should specify value.

                     If only = is specified and value is omitted, the value of NAME the  internal
                     variable  is  defined  as  a  null.  If no argument is specified, all of the
                     readonly internal variables is listed.

       rd dir        Delete the directory dir.  You cannot delete the non-empty directory.

       rmdir dir     Same as rd.  (DOS)

       ren old new
       rename old new
                     Rename the filename or the directory name old into new.  You can specify the
                     wildcard in old and new to rename the multiple filenames all together.

       rem [arg ...] No effect, same as :.

       return [n]    Return  from  a  function  with  the  return  value specified by n.  If n is
                     omitted, the return value is the exit status of the last  executed  command.
                     It cannot be used out of a function.

       savetty [-n]  Save  the  current  terminal  settings.  The saved settings will be restored
                     when EXECUTE_SH is  executed  later.   In  case  that  you  change  terminal
                     settings  with  stty(1)  and  so  on, you should save the settings with this
                     command not to reset settings with the next execution of EXECUTE_SH.  If you
                     change  terminal  settings  and execute this command not in the same command
                     line, you should notice that this command will save the reset settings.   If
                     -n is specified, the saved settings will be cleared.  (UNIX)

       set [--abCefhkmntuvx] [-o option] [arg ...]
                     List  internal  variables  and  functions,  without  any argument.  When you
                     specify arg, arg is substituted for the positional parameter $1, $2, ..., $n
                     in  order.   When  you  specify any option, each option means the following.
                     When you use + instead of -, the option parameter turns off each option.
                     -a   Export any internal variable automatically when it is defined.
                     -b   When a background job has been terminated, its status  report  will  be
                          displayed  immediately.  there is no effect when the job control is not
                          enabled.
                     -C   Prevent overwriting to any existent files in redirection.
                     -e   Exit immediately when any command returns the exit status except 0.
                     -f   Disable the wildcard expansion.
                     -h   Register any command to the hash table just before it is executed.  The
                          commands  used  in  a  function  are  read  when it is defined, and are
                          registered to the hash table.  The command hash itself is always valid,
                          if -h option is set or not.
                     -k   Treat  all  NAME=[value]  formed  arguments as the variable definition,
                          while they are not placed on the beginning of command line string.
                     -m   Enable the job control.  This option is valid by default.  (UNIX)
                     -n   Read command inputs but don't execute them.
                     -o option
                          The following identifiers are valid in option.
                          allexport
                               Same as -a.
                          autosavetty
                               Same as -S.
                          emacs
                               Same as EDITMODE=emacs.
                          errexit
                               Same as -e.
                          hashahead
                               Same as -h.
                          ignoreeof
                               Any EOF will not terminate the interactive shell.
                          keyword
                               Same as -k.
                          monitor
                               Same as -m.
                          noclobber
                               Same as -C.
                          noexec
                               Same as -n.
                          noglob
                               Same as -f.
                          notify
                               Same as -b.
                          nounset
                               Same as -u.
                          onecmd
                               Same as -t.
                          physical
                               Same as -P.
                          ptyshell
                               Same as -T.
                          verbose
                               Same as -v.
                          vi   Same as EDITMODE=vi.
                          xtrace
                               Same as -x.
                          If option is omitted, the values of the current options are displayed.
                     -P   Cd and pwd the builtin command use  the  physical  directory  structure
                          instead of the logical directory structure following symbolic links.
                     -S   Execute  savetty the builtin command automatically whenever any command
                          line is processed.  The terminal  settings  will  be  saved  absolutely
                          unless  you  operate  the  terminal settings intentionally, so that you
                          should  manually  adjust  the  terminal  settings  saved  accidentally.
                          (UNIX)
                     -T   Invoke  fdsh as the pseudo terminal.  You cannot invoke any more pseudo
                          terminals in this mode.  It is effective only if you specify it as  the
                          startup  option  or in the initial configuration file.  It is effective
                          only if you specify it  as  the  startup  option,  when  the  shell  is
                          executed as the non-interactive shell.  It is just ignored when invoked
                          as fd.  (UNIX)
                     -t   Exit immediately after executing the current command input.
                     -u   Treat the reference of undefined variables as an error.
                     -v   Display the command inputs whenever they are read.
                     -x   Display the command strings whenever they are executed.
                     --   Indicate the end of options.  No flag is changed.

       setdrv c device hd sc cl
                     Specify the device file indicated by device  for  the  MS-DOS  floppy  drive
                     named  as  c.   At  the same time, hd, sc, cl are specified as the number of
                     heads(sides)/sectors/cylinders(tracks) in the format which is treated in the
                     driver   of   device.    In  special  case,  when  you  want  to  treat  the
                     640KB2DD(hd=2/sc=8/cl=80) floppy disk with the driver which can  treat  only
                     the  820KB2DD(hd=2/sc=9/cl=80)  floppy  disk,  you  should specify the value
                     adding 100 (108) as the value of sc.  (UNIX)

                     On the PC-UNIX environment which is worked on PC, specifying the string  HDD
                     or  HDD98  instead  of  hd, sc, cl, can register the MS-DOS partition on the
                     hard disk for the PC/AT compatible machine or PC-9800 series.  In this case,
                     You  should  describe  the  device  file as the device name prepared per the
                     physical drive unit rather than the device name prepared per  the  partition
                     (slice).  The MS-DOS partitions included in the drive unit are automatically
                     expanded to the drive name after the drive name c.  When no MS-DOS partition
                     is  included  in the specified drive unit, this command is ignored.  You can
                     confirm what drive name is valid by printdrv command.  But any hard disk  is
                     registered as readonly, for security.

       setfreq [file]
                     Append  the  frequency  information  inputted from the standard input to the
                     translation frequency file, specified by  file,  for  the  users  Kana-Kanji
                     translation  learning.   The  input  format is based on the output format of
                     getfreq.  If you want to replace, rather than to append, you must remove the
                     translation  frequency  file in advance.  If file is omitted, it is regarded
                     as the  translation  frequency  file  specified  by  FREQFILE  the  internal
                     variable.  (UNIX)

       setroman [-c] [-r] [-f file] [roman [kanji]]
                     Setup  the  Roman-Kana  translation  table  for the Kana-Kanji IME mode.  It
                     means binding kanji the Japanese string to roman the Roman string.  The part
                     over  4  characters of roman, the string which consists of 1 byte characters
                     only, will be ignored.  The part over 2  characters  of  kanji,  the  string
                     which  consists  of  multibyte  characters  or  1  byte  characters, will be
                     ignored.  In this case, a multibyte character is counted as 1  character  as
                     well as a 1 byte character.  (UNIX)

                     If  kanji  is  omitted, the registered binding of the Roman-Kana translation
                     table for roman the Roman string will be deleted.  When you specify -c,  the
                     whole  Roman-Kana  translation  table will be cleared to be empty.  When you
                     specify -r, all the registered bindings will be reset to restore the  Roman-
                     Kana  translation  table.   When  you specify -f, the file specified by file
                     will be read as bindings of the Roman-Kana translation table.  In this case,
                     a  pair  of roman and kanji, which is separated by spaces, must be described
                     in each line of file.  You can also use the file which contains  the  output
                     of printroman.

       shift [n]     Rename  the positional parameters from $n+1 into ones from $1 in order.  The
                     original positional parameters from  $1  to  $n  are  discarded.   If  n  is
                     omitted, it is regard as 1 is specified.

       socketinfo [-apAP] [fd]
                     If  the  file descriptor specified by fd is a socket, the IP address and the
                     TCP port number of the connected remote host, and the IP address and the TCP
                     port  number  of  the  connected  local  host, are outputted to the standard
                     output.  If fd is not a socket, this command will be failed.  (UNIX)

                     If fd is omitted, it is regarded as the standard input is specified.  If  -a
                     is  specified, only the IP address of the remote host will be outputted.  If
                     -p is specified, only the TCP  port  number  of  the  remote  host  will  be
                     outputted.   If  -A is specified, only the IP address of the local host will
                     be outputted.  If -P is specified, only the TCP port  number  of  the  local
                     host will be outputted.

       test [expr]
       [ expr ]      Evaluate the conditional expression expr.  See test(1) for details.

       times         Display  the accumulated user and system time for the processes which has so
                     far been executed.

       trap [com] [n ...]
                     Read and execute the command com when fd receives the signal n.  If  com  is
                     omitted,  the trap for the signal is reset.  When you specify com as a null,
                     the signal ignored.  When you specify n as 0, the command com is executed on
                     exit.  If both com and n are omitted, all of the registered traps is listed.

       true          Only return with a 0 exit status.

       type [com ...]
                     Display how each com would be treated when it is used as a command name.

       ulimit [-SH] [-a-cdflmnstv] n
                     Set  the  resource  limits  for  fd  and  its  child  processes to the value
                     indicated by n.  You can use the string unlimited or the numeric value in n,
                     unlimited means the maximum specifiable value.  (UNIX)

                     When you specify -H, a hard limit is set.  When you specify -S, a soft limit
                     is set.  When you don't specify neither of them, both limits are set.  If  n
                     is omitted, the current limit is displayed.  When you specify -a, all of the
                     resource limits is displayed.

                     When  you  specify  the  following  options,  the  each  resource  limit  is
                     individually set or displayed.  If no option is specified, it is regarded as
                     -f is specified.
                     -c   maximum core file size (in blocks)
                     -d   maximum size of data segment (in KB)
                     -f   maximum file size (in blocks)
                     -l   maximum size of locked in memory (in KB)
                     -m   maximum size of resident set (in KB)
                     -n   maximum number of open file files
                     -s   maximum size of stack segment (in KB)
                     -t   maximum CPU time (in seconds)
                     -v   maximum size of virtual memory (in KB)

       umask [nnn]   Set the file creation mask to nnn.  If nnn is omitted, the current value  of
                     the file creation mask is displayed.  See umask(2) for details.

       unalias name  Cancel  the definition of the alias name.  You can use the wildcard in name,
                     in this case, all of the matched alias definitions is  canceled.   When  you
                     specify "∗", all of the alias definitions is invalid.

       unset [NAME ...]
                     Delete  the  defined  internal  variable or function for each NAME.  But the
                     following variable definition cannot be deleted.
                           PATH      PS1       PS2       IFS
                           MAILCHECK PPID

       unsetdrv c device hd sc cl
                     Delete the registered floppy drive.  Only the registration with which all of
                     device,  hd,  sc,  cl is corresponded is deleted, then you should confirm to
                     delete very well.  (UNIX)

                     When it is registered as HDD or HDD98 in setdrv, you should describe HDD  or
                     HDD98 instead of hd, sc, cl.

       wait [pidjob]
                     Wait  for  the process indicated by pid or for the job indicated by job, and
                     return its exit status.  If both pid and job are omitted, all  running  jobs
                     are waited.  (UNIX)

       yesno [prompt]
                     Wait  for  a  input of y or n from the terminal, and then return 0 when y is
                     inputted, return 255 when n is inputted.  Instead of input of y  or  n,  you
                     can  select  a  character  from  displayed  [Y/N]  with cursor keys and push
                     [Return] to be regarded as an input of the selected character.  An input  of
                     [Space] or [Esc] means the input of n.  When prompt is specified, the string
                     is displayed before [Y/N].

       COMMAND [arg] Execute the internal command COMMAND of fd.  You can describe  each  command
                     identifier in COMMAND.  The following internal commands can take a parameter
                     argument arg.
                     CUR_UP
                     CUR_DOWN
                     CUR_RIGHT
                     CUR_LEFT
                     ROLL_UP
                     ROLL_DOWN
                     WIDEN_WINDOW
                     NARROW_WINDOW  The number of lines, columns, or pages.
                     RENAME_FILE
                     PACK_FILE
                     BACKUP_TAPE    The filename.
                     LOG_DIR
                     MAKE_DIR
                     INFO_FILESYS
                     UNPACK_FILE    The directory name.
                     EXECUTE_SH     The command string.
                     MARK_FIND
                     FIND_FILE
                     FIND_DIR       The wildcard string.
                     MARK_ALL       0 will reset the mark of all files, the other will  mark  all
                                    files.
                     SORT_DIR       The number substituted for SORTTYPE the internal variable.
                     EDIT_CONFIG    The name of internal variable to be edited.

       ~  and  $  in  the  previous  registration  string are expanded.  But these expansions are
       restrained in the string quoted with ' instead of ".

   Tree Screen
       Since representing the whole file system in tree structure takes too many time,  only  the
       directories which are direct ancestors and the direct sub directories are displayed, first
       in the tree screen.  In  the  directories  which  are  direct  ancestors,  the  other  sub
       directories  (if  exists)  are  grouped  as  "...".  These grouped sub directories will be
       expanded automatically when a cursor is placed on its position.

       The sub directories which are not expanded yet  are  represented  with  '>'  trailing  the
       filename,  which shows as they are.  Such directory is never expanded until it is required
       to expand explicitly, then you should expand it by the following key inputs before  moving
       to any hidden sub directory.

       In the tree screen, the following key inputs are available.
              Up, Down  Move a cursor.
              Right     Expand the sub directory on the cursor position.
              Tab       Expand the sub directory on the cursor position recursively.
              PageUp, PageDown
                        Move a cursor by half screen.
              Home(<), End(>)
                        Move a cursor to the top/bottom of tree.
              ?         Move a cursor to the current directory.
              Bs        Move a cursor to the parent directory.
              Left      Group  sub directories of the directory on the cursor position, or move a
                        cursor to the parent directory.
              (, )      Move a cursor to the previous/next directory among  the  same  level  sub
                        directories.
              A - Z     Move  a  cursor  to the directory whose name starts with the character or
                        its lowercase.
              l         Change the directory tree into the specified directory.   Moving  to  the
                        floppy drive is also available.
              ^L        Redraw the tree structure.
              Return    Select the directory.
              Esc       Cancel.

       When  directories are recursively expanded, the machine operation is so late that it maybe
       seems to freeze.  In this case, you can input any key while operating.  If  key  input  is
       recognized while expanding directories, expanding has been stopped at that moment in spite
       of not finishing.  Even if key repeat keeps effective, any operation will be  delayed  for
       this function.

   Archive Browser
       When  the launcher is invoked on the position of the file whose extension is registered to
       associate with an archive browser, the archive browser screen has come.  In  this  screen,
       you  can  browse  files  in  the archive file as well as in the normal directory.  But you
       cannot use the following internal commands in this screen.
              LOG_TOP        ATTR_FILE      COPY_FILE      MOVE_FILE
              DELETE_FILE    DELETE_DIR     RENAME_FILE    MAKE_DIR
              WRITE_DIR      TREE_DIR       EDIT_FILE      LOG_TREE
              COPY_TREE      MOVE_TREE      FIND_DIR       ATTR_DIR
              SYMLINK_MODE   DOTFILE_MODE   FILEFLG_MODE   SPLIT_WINDOW
              KILL_WINDOW

       When you want to register a new archive browser, you must describe the  format  listed  by
       the archiver as the following representation.  One format string represents the format for
       1 file in the list.
              %a        Field which indicates a file mode
              %u        Field which indicates UID of a file
              %g        Field which indicates GID of a file
              %s        Field which indicates a file size
              %y        Field which indicates a file creation year
              %m        Field which indicates a file creation month
                        (No concerning if numeric or alphabetical)
              %d        Field which indicates a file creation day
              %w        Field which indicates a file creation week (ignored)
              %t        Field which indicates a file creation time
                        ("HH:MM:SS" form, MM and SS can be lacking)
              %p        Field which indicates a file creation am/pm
              %B        Field which indicates a major device ID
              %b        Field which indicates a minor device ID
              %/str/    Field which indicates a type is directory
                        when this field string is str
                        (case insensitive)
              %!str!    0 or more continuous fields
                        which consists of the string str
                        (case insensitive)
              %f        Field which indicates a filename
              %x        Field which is needless (ignored)
              %%        % itself
              \n        Newline
              Space Tab 0 or more characters of spaces or tabs

       In this description, the field means the area separated by spaces, tabs or newlines.  When
       the  string  which  indicates  each  information is separated by these characters, you can
       simply describe the above string which indicates that field.  When the string is separated
       by  another  character, you should describe the above string with that separator.  You can
       describe to indicate the field length as numeric, such as %10a.  This example  means  that
       the  field which indicates a file mode consists of 10 characters.  If you describe it with
       a character * as the field length instead of numeric, such as %*f, the string to  the  end
       of line is regarded as a field, in which any space and tab will be ignored.

       When  a  field may have the different meanings according to situation, you should describe
       it quoted with { }, such as %{yt}.   This  example  means  that  this  field  indicates  a
       creation  year  or  a creation time.  When the information for 1 file consists of multiple
       lines, you should place a \n on the position of newline in the format string.

       For example, the following are the format strings for the list of some  archivers.   While
       some  spaces  are  used  here  for  easiness to see, these spaces are not always necessary
       because any space between fields is ignored.
       `lha l'           "%9a %u/%g %s %x %m %d %{yt} %f"
       `lha v' (MS-DOS)  "%f\n%s %x %x %y-%m-%d %t"
       `tar tvf' (BSD)   "%9a %u/%g %s %m %d %t %y %f"
       `tar tvf' (SVR4)  "%a %u/%g %s %m %d %t %y %f"

       If you register archive browsers with above format, in the builtin command  of  EXECUTE_SH
       or  in  the  initial  configuration  file,  you  can  use the archive browser which is not
       prepared by default.  But, if you want to execute or view files in the archive  file,  you
       must register the archiver command for the archive file, too, don't forget this.

       On some OS, tar(1) may output the Japanese timestamp when japanese is substituted for LANG
       the environment variable.  Since fd cannot  analyze  the  representation  like  this,  you
       should  describe `export LANG=C' in the initial configuration file, or specify LANG in the
       description of listing command, such as `LANG=C tar tvf'.

   Floppy Drive (UNIX)
       You can access the MS-DOS formatted floppy disk, by representing to  prefix  "c:"  to  the
       directory  name.   But,  it is necessary to register the floppy drive and set DOSDRIVE the
       internal variable which makes this function effective, in advance.

       Each registered drive is distinguished with the drive name.  You should tag the physically
       different  drive  as  the  different  drive  name.   When the same physical drive supports
       multiple formats, you can register each format with the same drive name, or the  different
       drive name each other.  If you tag the same drive name, the justice of the format is tried
       in registered order, so that you should register the format which you  often  use  in  the
       first place.

       Each  drive  of  the floppy drive has the its own current directory.  The default value of
       this is a root directory, and the current directory is moved  back  to  a  root  directory
       again whenever you change a floppy disk.  When you describe the directory name as starting
       with '/' after ':', it means the absolute path representation of that drive.  If this  '/'
       is not exist, it means the relative path representation from the current directory of that
       drive, don't forget this.

       Regrettably, some internal commands like as WRITE_DIR,  INFO_FILESYS  cannot  support  the
       floppy drive.  Some filenames are renamed when they are copied from UNIX for reason of the
       filename length limit.

       When you use a lowercase letter as the drive name, you can access it as the  floppy  drive
       which  can  treat  the Long File Name (LFN) for MS-Windows formatted floppy disk.  In this
       case, you can copy a file with a long filename on UNIX as it is.  But,  when  the  UNICODE
       translation  table  fd-unicd.tbl  does  not  exist in the same directory as the invoked fd
       exists, any Kanji filename cannot be treated as LFN representation.  Reversely,  when  you
       use  a  uppercase  letter  as  the  drive  name, LFN is ignored and 8+3 formed filename is
       treated.  MS-DOS version inherits this specification by the case of a drive name.

   URL Drive (UNIX)
       You can access remote services on the network, by  representing  the  URL  string  as  the
       directory name.  The URL format is scheme://[user[:password]@]host[:port]/directory/.  You
       can specify ftp or http as scheme.  You can specify the name or IP address of  the  remote
       host  as  host.   You  can  specify  the TCP port number as port.  If port is omitted, the
       default port number is used.  The default port number for ftp is 21, and the default  port
       number  for http is 80.  You can specify account information to connect the remote host as
       user and password.  If user is omitted, the anonymous FTP connection  will  be  used  with
       ftp,  or  you  will  be  queried as needed with http.  If password is omitted, you will be
       queried as needed.  But, it is necessary to set URLDRIVE the internal variable which makes
       this function effective, in advance.

       Regrettably,  some  internal  commands  cannot  support  the  URL  drive,  for the sake of
       restrictions of the FTP and HTTP protocols or settings of the host side.

   String Input
       When you input the string, such as the pathname, the following key inputs  are  available.
       The  kind of referred history differs with the input string required.  In the split window
       mode, the current directory of another window is always placed on the top of the  pathname
       history.
       Left, Right
                 Move a cursor.
       Up, Down  Refer the previous histories (only commands and pathnames), or move a cursor.
       Beg       Move a cursor to the beginning of string.
       Eol       Move a cursor to the end of string.
       Ins       Switch  a  input  method  to  the  insert/overwrite mode.  (Default value is the
                 insert mode.)
       Del       Delete a character on the cursor position.
       Bs        Delete a character before the cursor position.
       DelLine   Delete a string after the cursor position.
       InsLine   Treat the next input character as it is, effective to input control characters.
       Enter     Insert a filename of the file on the cursor position.
       PageUp    Convert a character on the cursor position to uppercase.
       PageDown  Convert a character on the cursor position to lowercase.
       Tab       Complete a pathname, a command name or a variable name on the cursor position.
                 When there are two or more completion choices, inputting this  continuously  can
                 display  the  completion  choice  list.  Except for command line in the internal
                 shell, you can make a choice from this list with cursor keys and [Return].
       ^L        Redraw the input string.
       ^S, ^R    Search the previous histories (only commands and pathnames) incrementally.
       Return    Decide the input, or decide the choice in the completion choice list.
       Esc       Cancel.

       The inputted string is expanded before evaluation as following.  These expansions are also
       valid  in the string of command macros.  But these expansions are restrained in the string
       quoted with the quotation mark '.

       ~       Indicate your home directory, when it is the beginning of filename.

       ~user   Indicate user's home directory, when it is the beginning of filename.  (UNIX)

       ~FD     Indicate the directory where the invoked fd is exists, when it is the beginning of
               filename.

       $NAME
       ${NAME} Indicate  the  value  of  NAME  the internal variable or the environment variable.
               When both are defined, the internal variable is prior.  When both  are  undefined,
               it is replaced a null.  The brace { } separates NAME from its trailing characters.

               When  NAME  is  the  following  character, it is replaced by the value substituted
               automatically by the shell.
               0      The executable filename when invoked.
               [1-9]  The positional parameter.
                     The all positional parameters which starts from $1.  "$∗"  is  replaced  by
                      "$1 $2 ...".
               @      The  all  positional  parameters which starts from $1.  "$@" is replaced by
                      "$1" "$2" ... .
               #      The number of positional parameters.
               -      The option flags which is set by options when invoked or  set  the  builtin
                      command.
               ?      The exit status of the last executed command.
               $      The process number of the current shell.
               !      The process number of the last executed background process.

       ${NAME:-word}
               If  the  value  except a null is substituted for NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable, it is replaced by the value, otherwise  it  is  replaced  by
               word.

       ${NAME:=word}
               If  the  value  except a null is substituted for NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable, it is replaced by the value, otherwise word  is  substituted
               for  NAME  the  internal variable, and this expression itself is replaced by word.
               But you cannot substitute the value for any positional parameter.

       ${NAME:?word}
               If the value except a null is substituted for NAME the internal  variable  or  the
               environment variable, it is replaced by the value, otherwise display word and exit
               from the shell.  If word is omitted, the string ``parameter null or not  set''  is
               displayed in its place.

       ${NAME:+word}
               If  the  value  except a null is substituted for NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable, it is replaced by word, otherwise it is replaced by a null.

       ${NAME-word}
               If any value is substituted for NAME the  internal  variable  or  the  environment
               variable, it is replaced by the value, otherwise it is replaced by word.

       ${NAME=word}
               If  any  value  is  substituted  for NAME the internal variable or the environment
               variable, it is replaced by the value, otherwise word is substituted for NAME  the
               internal variable, and this expression itself is replaces by word.  But you cannot
               substitute the value for any positional parameter.

       ${NAME?word}
               If any value is substituted for NAME the  internal  variable  or  the  environment
               variable,  it  is  replaced by the value, otherwise display word and exit from the
               shell.  If word is omitted, the string ``parameter null or not set'' is  displayed
               in its place.

       ${NAME+word}
               If  any  value  is  substituted  for NAME the internal variable or the environment
               variable, it is replaced by word, otherwise it is replaced by a null.

       ${#NAME}
               It is replaced by the length in characters of  the  value  of  NAME  the  internal
               variable  or  the  environment variable.  If NAME is * or @, it is replaced by the
               number of positional parameters instead of the length of characters.

       ${NAME%word}
               It is replaced by the string in which the smallest portion of the  suffix  matched
               by the word pattern is deleted from the value of NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable.  If NAME is * or @, each positional parameter  is  replaced.
               ( \ is used instead of % on MS-DOS version.)

       ${NAME%%word}
               It is replaced by the string in which the largest portion of the suffix matched by
               the word pattern is deleted from the value of NAME the internal  variable  or  the
               environment  variable.   If NAME is * or @, each positional parameter is replaced.
               ( \\ is used instead of %% on MS-DOS version.)

       ${NAME#word}
               It is replaced by the string in which the smallest portion of the  prefix  matched
               by the word pattern is deleted from the value of NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable.  If NAME is * or @, each positional parameter is replaced.

       ${NAME##word}
               It is replaced by the string in which the largest portion of the prefix matched by
               the  word  pattern  is deleted from the value of NAME the internal variable or the
               environment variable.  If NAME is * or @, each positional parameter is replaced.

       \c      It indicates a character c itself.  You can use  it  when  you  want  to  use  the
               preceding  meta-character  as a character with no evaluation, such as ~ or $.  You
               can describe \ itself as "\\".  But, on MS-DOS version, because \ which is used as
               the  pathname  delimiter  must  be  treat  as  well as the normal character, %c is
               expediently used in place of \.

       The following is  replaced  only  in  the  shell  which  is  executed  by  EXECUTE_SH  and
       EXECUTE_FILE.

       `list`  List is executed and this string is replaced by its standard output.

       $(list) List  is  executed  and  this  string  is  replaced by its standard output like as
               `list`.  This differs from  `list`  in  the  point  that  nested  expressions  are
               allowed.  And any meta-characters such as quotes in list are evaluated as it is.

       $((expression))
               Expression  the  arithmetic expression is evaluated and this string is replaced by
               its result  value.   You  can  specify  numeric  values,  variables  and  integral
               calculations with the following operators in expression.
                                     (unary) (binary)
                   arithmetic        + -     + - * / %
                   boolean           !       == != < > <= >= && ||
                   bit operator      ~       & | ^ << >>
                   parenthesis       ( )

       ?
       
       [
       ]       The  string  including these letters is pattern-matched with existent files.  When
               it is matched, it is replaced by all of the matched filenames which are sorted  in
               alphabetical order.
               ?    Match any single character except /.
                   Match any 0 or more length string not including /.
               ∗∗   Match any 0 or more length string including /.
               [...]
                    Match  any  one  of the characters enclosed by [ ].  When enclosed characters
                    include  -,  it  matches  any  character  whose  character  code  is  between
                    characters before/after -.
               [!...]
                    Match any one of the characters not enclosed by [ ].

               But, when the first character of the filename is ., ?,  and ∗∗ don't match it.

   Edit Mode
       When  you  want  to  use  some  functions bound to special keys, such as a cursor key or a
       scroll key, such a key doesn't exist in some terminals.  In such a case, substituting  the
       string  for  EDITMODE  the  internal  variable  can  make  you  use  some  control keys as
       alternative to these special keys.  Since this alternative key function is  prior  to  the
       key  binding by the builtin command, the key binding is invalid for the control characters
       used as the alternative keys.  The prepared edit modes are the following 3 modes.

       emacs
                   ^P   = Up      ^A   = Beg
                   ^N   = Down    ^E   = Eol     ^D   = Del
                   ^F   = Right                  ^Q   = InsLine
                   ^B   = Left                   ^K   = DelLine
                   ^V   = PageDn  ^Y   = PageUp  ^O   = Enter
                   ^M   = Return  ^I   = Tab     ^H   = Bs
                   ^[   = Esc     ^G   = Esc

       wordstar
                   ^E   = Up      ^A   = Beg     ^V   = Ins
                   ^N   = Down    ^F   = Eol     ^G   = Del
                   ^F   = Right   ^W   = Home    ^]   = InsLine
                   ^S   = Left    ^Z   = End     ^Y   = DelLine
                   ^C   = PageDn  ^R   = PageUp  ^N   = Enter
                   ^M   = Return  ^I   = Tab     ^H   = Bs
                   ^[   = Esc

       vi      Vi mode has the 2 local modes: "insert mode" and "command mode", and the  function
               of  keys are quite different with each mode.  You are in the command mode when you
               start to input, then you must input any key among  4  keys  which  switch  to  the
               insert mode, in order to input normal keys.
                   (command mode)
                   k    = Up      0    = Beg
                   j    = Down    $    = Eol     x    = Del
                   l    = Right   g    = Home
                   h    = Left    G    = End     D    = DelLine
                   ^F   = PageDn  ^B   = PageUp  o    = Enter
                   ^M   = Return  ^I   = Tab     ^H   = Bs
                   ^[   = Esc
                   (from command mode to insert mode)
                   i, : = only switch its mode
                                  I    = + Beg
                   a    = + Right A    = + Eol
                   R    = overwrite
                   r    = overwrite once
                   (insert mode)
                   ^V   = InsLine Esc  = to command mode

               This  key binding is so particular that it is not suitable for those who don't use
               vi editor everyday.

   Kana-Kanji IME (UNIX)
       You can input strings in the Kana-Kanji IME mode, if you input the key specified by IMEKEY
       or select "Kanji" from the pseudo terminal menu.

       The   translation  performance  will  depend  on  the  Kana-Kanji  translation  dictionary
       fd-dict.tbl.  When it does not exist in the same  directory  as  the  invoked  fd  exists,
       translation to Kanji will not be available.  The standard installed dictionary file is the
       Tan-Kanji dictionary, which can support only the Tan-Kanji  translation.   The  dictionaly
       such  as the pubdic, which includes the Hinsi information, will bring you the Tan-Bunsetsu
       translation.  The Ren-Bunsetsu translation is not be supported.

       In the Kana-Kanji IME mode, the following key inputs are available.
              Space     Trancelate to Kanji, or select the next translation candidate.
              Left, Right
              Up, Down  Move a cursor in the list of the translation candidate.
              Bs, Del   Delete a character before the cursor position.
              Tab       Toggle Hiragana, Katakana, Hankaku-Kana and the direct input.
              ^L        Redraw the input string.
              Return    Decide the translation result.
              Esc       Cancel.

       When you translate the string of the capital 4 digit hexadecimal  prefixed  by  a  capital
       letter,  it  is regarded as the hexadecimal showing the following Kanji code respectively.
       Then the menu will be displayed to select Kanji next to the Kanji code number.
              S   Shift JIS
              E   EUC-JP
              J   JIS code (JIS X0208)
              K   Kuten code
              U   UNICODE (UCS2)
       When you input [Space] in the state where you decide an un-translated Kana, it is regarded
       as  the  initial  reading of Kanji.  Then the menu will be desplayed to select Kanji whose
       reading starts with the Kana.

   Parameter Macros
       You can use  the  following  parameter  macros  in  the  string  which  is  used  for  the
       registration of command macros and for executing command.  But, you cannot use them in the
       functions, the input file for source command, and the initial configuration file, then you
       should use evalmacro command when you want to use any parameter macro in them.

       %C      The  filename  on  the cursor position.  Or, it indicates the archive filename, in
               the macro to register the archiver command.

       %X      The filename except its extension on the cursor position.  Or,  it  indicates  the
               archive  filename  except  its  extension,  in  the macro to register the archiver
               command.  Only the last one extension is  removed.   T,  TA,  M  trailing  %X  are
               replaced by %T, %TA, %M except its extension respectively.  On MS-DOS version, you
               can describe a trailing S as well as them.

       %P      The pathname of the current directory.

       %K      Prompt and return to fd after a command is finished.  But, the meaning  of  %K  is
               reverse  in  EXECUTE_FILE and EXECUTE_SH; it prompts by default and doesn't prompt
               if %K is specified.  You can never specify to prompt in  macros  to  register  the
               archive browser of the launcher and macros to register the archiver command.

       %T      List  marked  files  separated by spaces as possible.  When files are so many that
               the command line length exceeds the OS limitation, the rest of  marked  files  are
               ignored.

       %TA     List  marked  files  as well as %T, and repeat the same command for spilt files to
               complete all marked files.

       %M      Execute the same command as many times as marked files, sending  the  marked  file
               one  by  one.  It is useful to mark files by MARK_FIND and execute "mv %M %XM.bak"
               by EXECUTE_SH.

       %N      Restrain the filename addition even if the parameter is omitted.

       %R      Make you input the additional parameter in executing a macro,  if  the  length  of
               command  string  has enough margin.  The cursor position in input is placed on the
               position of %R in a macro.  But, %R is ignored in macros to register  the  archive
               browser   of   the   launcher,  macros  to  register  the  archiver  command,  and
               EXECUTE_FILE, EXECUTE_SH.

       %S      The 8+3 formed filename with which the LFN formed filename on the cursor  position
               is  replaced.   You can use it when you use external commands which can treat only
               8+3 formed arguments.  T, TA, M trailing %S can be described as well as %X.  (DOS)

       %JS     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into  Shift  JIS.
               (UNIX)

       %JE     The  Kanji  code  of  the  string enclosed by this macro is converted into EUC-JP.
               (UNIX)

       %J7     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted  into  7bit  JIS.
               (UNIX)

       %J8     The  Kanji  code  of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into 8bit JIS.
               (UNIX)

       %JJ     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into ISO-2022-JP.
               (UNIX)

       %JH     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into HEX.  (UNIX)

       %JC     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into CAP.  (UNIX)

       %JU     The  Kanji  code  of  the  string  enclosed by this macro is converted into UTF-8.
               (UNIX)

       %JM     The Kanji code of the string enclosed by this macro is converted  into  UTF-8  for
               Mac OS X.  (UNIX)

       %JI     The  Kanji  code  of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into UTF-8 for
               iconv, which is used on  environments  using  iconv-based  UTF-8  such  as  Linux.
               (UNIX)

       %JA     The  Kanji  code  of the string enclosed by this macro is converted into the Kanji
               code which is used in  the  pathname  indicated  by  the  string.   The  variables
               SJISPATH,  EUCPATH,  etc.  can  specify  what kanji code is used in each pathname.
               (UNIX)

       When no filename parameter, such as %C  and  %T,  is  taken  with  the  result  to  expand
       parameter  macros in a command macro, the filename on the cursor position is automatically
       added to the last of expanded string, as ./filename form.  This addition is not  done,  in
       case of the input string for executing command, or when %N macro is specified.

   Customize
       You can customize fd as the following ways.  If you specify some configuration in multiple
       ways overlapped, it is prior in this order.

          Executing builtin commands with EXECUTE_SH
                    You can execute builtin commands  for  each  registration  for  the  internal
                    variable   definition,   the   environment  variable  definition,  the  alias
                    definition, the function definition, the key binding,  the  keymap  changing,
                    the  launcher registration, the archiver command registration, and the floppy
                    drive registration.

          Customizer
                    EDIT_CONFIG command is available for the internal  variable  definition,  the
                    key  binding,  the  keymap  changing, the launcher registration, the archiver
                    command registration, and the floppy drive registration.

          Command line options
                    You can specify the command line options as `-NAME=value' form, to define the
                    internal variables.

          .fd2rc    You can prepare the initial configuration file .fd2rc on your home directory,
                    to execute the command which is written in this file, before the  startup  of
                    fd.   You can describe builtin commands and external commands in it to set up
                    each configuration.  Yet, when fdsh is invoked as a login shell,  .fdshrc  is
                    read instead of .fd2rc.

                    The  initial  configuration  file  /etc/fd2rc  which  is prepared by a system
                    administrator is read preceding .fd2rc and .fdshrc.  If this file exists, the
                    initial  configurations  prepared  by a system administrator are valid unless
                    you intentionally delete them in .fd2rc and .fdshrc.

                    (On MS-DOS version,  these  filenames  are  $HOME\fd2.rc,  $HOME\fdsh.rc  and
                    ~FD\fd2rc.)

          Environment variables
                    Any  valid  variable name as the internal variable can be valid to be defined
                    as the environment variable in advance.  But the internal variable is  always
                    prior  to  the  environment  variable in fd.  When the same named environment
                    variable is used in another application, you can also use the name which  FD_
                    is  prefixed  to  each  environment  variable  for fd only.  This environment
                    variable with FD_ is always prior to the  environment  variable  without  it,
                    then  the  definition  of  the  environment variable with FD_ is prior to the
                    definition of the internal variable without FD_.

   Customizer
       EDIT_CONFIG command invokes the customizer to set up  configurations  interactively.   You
       can  select  the  category  with  the  right/left cursor key, and select the item with the
       up/down cursor key, and change its content with [Return].  When you finish to change, exit
       from the customizer with [Esc].

       The following categories are prepared.
          Variables Change  the  value of internal variables.  The input method is different with
                    the variable, then you should input following the guidance on screen.
          Key bind  Change the command bound to each key.  When you newly bind a command  to  the
                    key  with  no  binding,  you should select "NewEntry".  If you select "Delete
                    bind", the existent key binding is deleted.
          Key map   Change the key code mapping for each special key.  If you push [Esc] when you
                    are prompted to push the key, the existent key mapping is deleted.  (UNIX)
          Launcher  Change the launcher registration for each extension.  When you newly register
                    a launcher  for  the  extension  with  no  registration,  you  should  select
                    "NewEntry".   If  you  input  a  null  line  when you input a command for the
                    launcher, the existent launcher registration is deleted.
          Archiver  Change the archiver command registration for each extension.  When you  newly
                    register  a  archiver  command  for  the  extension with no registration, you
                    should select "NewEntry".  If you input a null line both  when  you  input  a
                    command  for  pack/unpack,  the  existent  archiver  command  registration is
                    deleted.
          DOS drive Change the floppy drive registration.  When you newly register a floppy drive
                    for  the  drive  name with no registration, you should select "NewEntry".  If
                    you input a null line when you input a device name, the existent floppy drive
                    registration is deleted.  (UNIX)
          Save      Save  the  configurations  changed with the customizer into a file, or cancel
                    configurations to restore to the previous state.
                    Cancel    Cancel the changed configurations within the specified  categories,
                              and restore to the state before the customizer is invoked.
                    Clear     Cancel  all the configurations within the specified categories, and
                              restore to the default state.
                    Load      Load configurations from the specified file.
                    Save      Save all the configurations within the specified categories to  the
                              specified file.
                    Overwrite Overwrite all the configurations within the specified categories to
                              the specified existent file.  The original configurations which has
                              existed  in the file are parsed, and the configuration for the same
                              target  is  overwritten  at  the  same  place  as  possible.    The
                              configurations   which   are   not   set  up  at  present  and  the
                              configurations which  are  not  supported  by  the  customizer  are
                              remains as it is.

                    When  you  specify  the  range  of categories, all categories are selected by
                    default, then you should turn on/off each selection with [Space]  and  decide
                    with [Return].

       If  you  try  to exit from the customizer without saving after changing any configuration,
       you will be confirmed whether if it is right to exit without saving.   While  the  changed
       configurations themselves are valid even if you exit without saving, when you want them to
       be valid in the next invoked fd, you must save them into the initial configuration file.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables are valid in fd.  These environment variables  can  be
       valid  if they are defined as the internal variables.  You can specify them as the command
       line options in `-NAME=value' form.  But the variables followed by ∗ cannot  be  use  with
       the prefix FD_ as the environment variables.

       ADJTTY        Reset  the  terminal mode forcedly to the normal state, when fd is finished.
                     Invoking fd can adjust the terminal rightly from the state displaying broken
                     characters.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.  (UNIX)

       ANSICOLOR     Colorize  the  file  display.   When the terminal which you use supports the
                     color control escape sequence of ANSI standard, each file is displayed  with
                     color  according  to its file type.  If the value is 1, it is colorized.  If
                     the value is 2, the background color is forced to be  black,  for  the  case
                     that  the  foreground  color  is  the  same  as  the  background  color  and
                     indistinguishable.  If the value is 3, the foreground color is forced to  be
                     black.

       ANSIPALETTE   Specify  color  palette  according  to  file  type  when the file display is
                     colorized.  This variable value consists of a numeric  value  whose  maximum
                     columns  are  11  columns.   The number of each column shows a color number,
                     which specifies the color of file type corresponding with its  column.   The
                     following are correspondence of the column number to the file type.
                         1    normal file
                         2    background
                         3    directory
                         4    unwritable file
                         5    unreadable file
                         6    symbolic link
                         7    socket (or system file on MS-DOS)
                         8    FIFO (or label on MS-DOS)
                         9    block device
                         10   character device
                         11   executable file

                     The following are the meaning of color number specified on each column.
                         0    black
                         1    red
                         2    green
                         3    yellow
                         4    blue
                         5    magenta
                         6    cyan
                         7    white
                         8    default color for foreground
                         9    default color for background

                     The  color  number  8  is  forced to be black, if the value of ANSICOLOR the
                     variable is 3.  The color number 9 is forced to be black, if  the  value  of
                     ANSICOLOR the variable is 2.

                     When  the columns are less than 11 or this variable is not set, the standard
                     color palette will be applied for  the  file  type  corresponding  with  the
                     following  columns.   The standard color palette is described with the above
                     color number as 89624351888.

       AUTOUPDATE    Specify the interval in seconds to update automatically the  browser  screen
                     or the tree screen.  When the key input idles for the specified seconds, the
                     current information of file list will be updated.  If this value is  0,  the
                     screen will never updated automatically.  The default value is 0.

       BASICCUSTOM   Limit  the  internal  variables for configuration only to basic variables in
                     the customizer, to hide advanced variables.  Any value  except  0  and  null
                     effects valid.

       CDPATH∗       Specify  the search path when an argument of cd the builtin command does not
                     start with /.  You can specify  multiple  paths  separating  with  ':'.   No
                     search path is specified by default.

       COLUMNS∗      The  variable  for  the columns of a terminal screen.  If some value is set,
                     this value will be replaced automatically according to changing  the  screen
                     size.  If no value is set, this value will remain unset.

       COMSPEC       Specify  the  shell  used  to  invoke a batch file.  If undefined, the shell
                     defined by SHELL the internal variable or \COMMAND.COM is used.  (DOS)

       COPYCMD∗      Specify the default options used by copy the builtin command.

       DEFCOLUMNS    Specify the columns displayed in the screen when fd is invoked.  The default
                     value is 2.  If you specify the value except 1, 2, 3 and 5, it is ignored.

       DEFKCODE      Specify  the  system  default  Kanji code.  The arguments passed to external
                     commands invoked from fd will be converted into the  specified  Kanji  code.
                     When  you use macros such as %C and %JJ, it will be converted into the Kanji
                     code according to each macro.  JIS8, JUNET, HEX, CAP, etc.  among  them  are
                     the Kanji codes used in Samba.  (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         JIS, jis       7bit JIS
                         JIS8, jis8     8bit JIS
                         JUNET, junet   ISO-2022-JP
                         OJIS, ojis     7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJIS8, ojis8   8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJUNET, ojunet ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         HEX, hex       HEX
                         CAP, cap       CAP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         default        no convert

       DIRCOUNTLIMIT Specify  the  maximum  number  of  files read from the directory in the tree
                     screen.  When the directory  trailed  by  '>'  has  no  sub  directory,  the
                     expanded  result  is  not  changed.   If  the  number  of  files  (including
                     directories) in the directory is within this value, the  directory  with  no
                     sub directory is not trailed '>' from the first.  Moreover, the file list in
                     the directory displayed on the right of screen is not  displayed  over  this
                     value.   If  this  value is 0, you can realize a comfortable operation speed
                     even in the slow machine.  The default value is 50 files.

       DIRCMD∗       Specify the default options used by dir the builtin command.

       DIRHIST       Specify the maximum number of the directory histories which can be  referred
                     by  the directory input line.  The default value is 50.  If this value is 0,
                     you can refer to no directory history.

       DIRHISTFILE   Specify the name of the directory history file which can be referred by  the
                     directory  input  line.  Unless you specify it, the directory history is not
                     loaded nor saved.  The default value is not specified.

       DIRHISTUMASK  Specify the file creation mask  with  octal  expression  for  the  directory
                     history  file.   It  is  used only if no existent file exists.  But the mask
                     value set by umask the builtin command is prior, then actual mask  value  is
                     the logical OR of this value and umask value.

       DISPLAYMODE   Specify the filename display mode of the file list when fd is invoked.  Each
                     of the symbolic link mode, the file  type  symbol  mode  and  the  dot  file
                     display  mode  can  be  selected individually.  The default value is 0.  The
                     following are specifiable values.
                         0    standard
                         1    SYMLINK
                         2                FILETYPE
                         3    SYMLINK &   FILETYPE
                         4                             DOTFILE
                         5    SYMLINK &                DOTFILE
                         6                FILETYPE &   DOTFILE
                         7    SYMLINK &   FILETYPE &   DOTFILE

                     Moreover, on the OS which supports the file flag, if you specify  the  value
                     adding 8 to each value, you can select the file flag display mode.

       DOSDRIVE      Validate  the  access  function to the MS-DOS floppy.  If no floppy drive is
                     registered, this validation cannot make you access the  floppy.   Any  value
                     except 0 and null effects valid.

                     On  MS-DOS  version,  This  definition  can  make  you  treat the LFN formed
                     filename in the old DOS before Ver. 6.xx.  In this case, you don't  have  to
                     register  any  floppy drive.  the access speed may be slow or some functions
                     may be restricted for the reason to operate the disk I/O not by way of OS.

       DUMBSHELL     Don't use any control sequences to edit command line in the internal  shell.
                     In  the internal shell, the cursor addressing of terminal mode is not valid.
                     In case of some terminal such as a console terminal, the  cursor  addressing
                     cannot  work  correctly  in  this  terminal  mode, and the editing string is
                     displayed incorrectly.  When  this  variable  is  valid,  while  no  control
                     sequence is used to edit command line, an inefficient cursor addressing will
                     cause restriction of some functions and  failure  of  response.   Any  value
                     except 0 and null effects valid.

       EDITMODE      Specify  the  edit  mode  of  key input as the string.  The default value is
                     emacs.  The value except emacs, wordstar and vi or null are  specified,  any
                     control character is not converted and will be sent as it is.

       EDITOR        Specify the editor command used for editing files.

       ENV∗          Specify the additional initial configuration file when invoked as fdsh.  You
                     must specify its filename as fullpath.   When  this  variable  is  set,  the
                     initial  configuration  file  is read after /etc/fd2rc, and before .fd2rc or
                     .fdshrc.  This value will be ignored if your real and effective UIDs or real
                     and effective GIDs are different.

       FCEDIT        Specify the editor command used for fc the builtin command.

       FD_VERSION    A version string of the running fd.

       FNAMEKCODE    Specify  the  Kanji  code  for filename.  Any filename is converted into the
                     specified Kanji code at the point of accessing the file, then you can  refer
                     to the file which has a Kanji filename from another machine on network which
                     use a different Kanji code.  The archive  browser  and  browse  the  builtin
                     command  also  refer  the specified Kanji code.  JIS8, JUNET, HEX, CAP, etc.
                     among them are the Kanji codes used in Samba.  (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         JIS, jis       7bit JIS
                         JIS8, jis8     8bit JIS
                         JUNET, junet   ISO-2022-JP
                         OJIS, ojis     7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJIS8, ojis8   8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJUNET, ojunet ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         HEX, hex       HEX
                         CAP, cap       CAP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         default        no convert

       FREQFILE      Specify the translation frequency file for the users Kana-Kanji  translation
                     learning.   If  the  filename is not defined, the frequency information will
                     not be saved nor be referred.  The default value is ~/.fd_freq.  (UNIX)

       FREQUMASK     Specify the file creation mask with octal  expression  for  the  translation
                     frequency  file  for the users Kana-Kanji translation learning.  The updated
                     translation frequency file will be rebuilt, not be overwritten, so  that  it
                     is  used  even if existent file exists.  But the mask value set by umask the
                     builtin command is prior, then actual mask value is the logical OR  of  this
                     value and umask value.  (UNIX)

       FTPADDRESS    Specify  the  mail  address used as the password for anonymous FTP, when the
                     URL drive connects the FTP host.  The default value is FDclone@.  (UNIX)

       FTPLOGFILE    Specify the filename to which communication logs are outputted, when the URL
                     drive  communicates  with  the FTP host.  If it is not specified as fullpath
                     nor you don't prepare the directory in which the log file is stored, no  log
                     will be outputted.  (UNIX)

       FTPPROXY      Specify  the  URL  used as the proxy server, when the URL drive connects the
                     FTP host.  The URL format  is  scheme://[user[:password]@]host[:port].   You
                     can  specify  ftp or http as scheme.  You can specify account information to
                     connect the proxy server as user and password.  The  default  value  is  not
                     specified.  (UNIX)

       FUNCLAYOUT    Specify  the  layout of the function line, as the form of n * 100 + size.  N
                     means the number of function keys to be  displayed  in  the  function  line.
                     Size  means  the  block  size of function keys to be displayed.  The default
                     value is 1005.  (It means 10 function keys will be displayed, 5 of which are
                     grouped.)

       HIDEPASSWD    Suppress displaying * as a replacement for the inputted letter, when the URL
                     drive requires you to input a password.  Any value except 0 and null effects
                     valid.  (UNIX)

       HISTFILE      Specify  the  name  of  the  command  history  file which can be referred by
                     EXECUTE_FILE and EXECUTE_SH.  Unless you specify it, the command history  is
                     not loaded nor saved.  The default value is ~/.fd_history.

                     (On MS-DOS version, The default value is $HOME\fd.hst.)

       HISTSIZE      Specify the maximum number of the command histories which can be referred by
                     EXECUTE_FILE and EXECUTE_SH.  The default value is 50.  If this value is  0,
                     you can refer to no command history.

       HISTUMASK     Specify the file creation mask with octal expression for the command history
                     file.  It is used only if no existent file exists.  But the mask  value  set
                     by umask the builtin command is prior, then actual mask value is the logical
                     OR of this value and umask value.

       HOME∗         Specify the default value when no argument of  cd  the  builtin  command  is
                     specified.   When  invoked  as  a login shell, if this variable is specified
                     that directory becomes the current directory, otherwise your home  directory
                     is automatically defined as this value.

       HTMLLOGFILE   Specify the filename to which received HTML data log are outputted, when the
                     URL drive communicates with the HTTP  host.   If  it  is  not  specified  as
                     fullpath  nor  you  don't  prepare  the  directory  in which the log file is
                     stored, no log will be outputted.  (UNIX)

       HTTPLOGFILE   Specify the filename to which communication logs are outputted, when the URL
                     drive  communicates  with the HTTP host.  If it is not specified as fullpath
                     nor you don't prepare the directory in which the log file is stored, no  log
                     will be outputted.  (UNIX)

       HTTPPROXY     Specify  the  URL  used as the proxy server, when the URL drive connects the
                     HTTP host.  The URL format is  scheme://[user[:password]@]host[:port].   You
                     can  specify http as scheme.  You can specify account information to connect
                     the proxy server as user and password.  The default value is not  specified.
                     (UNIX)

       IFS∗          Specify  the  internal  field  separators.   They  are used in EXECUTE_SH to
                     separate command and arguments.  Space, tab and  newline  are  specified  by
                     default.

       IGNORECASE    Ignore  uppercase/lowercase when filenames are compared.  Any value except 0
                     and null effects valid.  (UNIX)

       IMEBUFFER     Specify whether if the Kana-Kanji translation table is  held  on  memory  or
                     not.   It  will be fast to translate strings from Kana to Kanji.  You should
                     set this if you have enough memory.  The following are  specifiable  values.
                     (UNIX)
                         0    not hold on memory
                         1    only the Hinsi information table
                         2    also includes the index tables
                         3    hold all tables

       IMELEARNING   Specify the learning level with the translation frequency file for the users
                     Kana-Kanji  translation  learning.   The  larger  value  will  increase  the
                     importance  of  the frequency information.  If the value is 0, the frequency
                     information is only saved, without any reference.  The default value is  16.
                     (UNIX)

       IMEKEY        Specify  the key to toggle the direct input mode and the Kana-Kanji IME mode
                     when you input some strings.  You can describe the same  key  name  as  bind
                     command.  The default value is not specified.  (UNIX)

       INHERITCOPY   Inherit  the  destination timestamp from the source timestamp when COPY_FILE
                     command is executed.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.  (UNIX)

                     (On MS-DOS version, the destination timestamp is always inherited,  if  this
                     variable is effective or not.)

       INPUTKCODE    Specify  the  Kanji code for input from keyboard.  When the value except the
                     following is specified, the  Kanji  code  specified  in  compile  is  valid.
                     (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv

       LANGUAGE      Specify the language for display character.  It means not only each messages
                     displayed by fd, but also a Kanji code of filename  to  be  converted.   The
                     following  is the kind of languages, it doesn't have to be the string itself
                     and is enough to contain the string,  the  value  of  LANG  the  environment
                     variable also can be used.  JIS8, JUNET, etc. among them are the Kanji codes
                     used in Samba.
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         JIS, jis       7bit JIS
                         JIS8, jis8     8bit JIS
                         JUNET, junet   ISO-2022-JP
                         OJIS, ojis     7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJIS8, ojis8   8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJUNET, ojunet ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         en, C, POSIX   English (message only)
                         default        no convert

                     (On MS-DOS version, only the English is valid.)

       LINENO∗       Indicate the current line number.  When not in a script nor  function,  this
                     value cannot be guaranteed to make sense.  If you unset or reset this value,
                     this variable will lose its special meaning  to  be  treated  as  a  general
                     variable.

       LINES∗        The variable for the lines of a terminal screen.  If some value is set, this
                     value will be replaced automatically according to changing the screen  size.
                     If no value is set, this value will remain unset.

       LOGFILE       Specify   the   log  filename  with  the  level  spacified  by  LOGLEVEL  or
                     ROOTLOGLEVEL.  If it is not specified as fullpath, it will  be  regarded  as
                     the path under your home directory.  You must prepare the directory in which
                     the  log  file  is  stored,  because  any  directories   are   not   created
                     automatically.  The default value is not specified.

       LOGLEVEL      Specify the priority for the log contents.  The default value is 0.
                         0       no log
                         1       only warning such as writing
                         2       notice such as changing, and over
                         3       info. such as refering, and over
                         >= 4    debug level, and over

                     The  same  operation  can  result as an error to output the log in the lower
                     priority by 1 level.

       LOGSIZE       Specify the maximum kilobyte size for the log file specified by LOGFILE.  If
                     the  size  exceeds  this  value,  the  last  log file will be renamed as the
                     filename followed by the extension .old to create another new log file.  The
                     default  value  is  1024(1MB).  If this value is 0, the log file will not be
                     renamed.

       LOOPCURSOR    Loop a cursor moving within the same page, when  you  move  a  cursor.   Any
                     value except 0 and null effects valid.

       MAIL∗         Specify the spool filename when the internal shell will check new mails.  If
                     MAILPATH is set, it is prior to this.  (UNIX)

       MAILCHECK∗    Specify the interval of checking new mails in seconds, for the  spool  files
                     specified  by  MAILPATH or MAIL.  The default value is 600 seconds.  If this
                     value is 0, it will be checked before each prompt.  (UNIX)

       MAILPATH∗     Specify the multiple spool filenames, as the list separated by :,  when  the
                     internal  shell  will  check  new  mails.   The  any specified files will be
                     checked.  Each filenames can be followed by % and a arrival message  of  new
                     mails.  The default message is you have mail.  (UNIX)

       MESSAGELANG   Specify  the  language  for  display  character.   The  language of messages
                     specified by this will be prior to the one specified by LANGUAGE.  When  the
                     message  is  Japanese,  the  Kanji  code  will  be  defined  by the value of
                     LANGUAGE.  The following is the kind of languages, it doesn't have to be the
                     string  itself  and  is  enough to contain the string, the value of LANG the
                     environment  variable  also  can  be  used.   Otherwise,  In  case  of  some
                     additional  message  catalogs are prepared, you can specify its extension as
                     the catalog name for MESSAGELANG to replace messages.
                         en, C, POSIX   English
                         ja             Japanese
                         default        the value of LANGUAGE

       MINFILENAME   Specify the minimum character length of filename display area  in  the  file
                     list.   When  the  area  enough to be specified here cannot be obtained, the
                     information is reduced in the order  of  UID,  GID,  timestamp,  size.   The
                     default value is 12 characters.

       OPTARG∗       An option argument is substituted in getopts the builtin command.

       OPTIND∗       Specify the index of the next parameter in getopts the builtin command.

       PAGER         Specify the pager command used for viewing files.

       PATH∗         Specify  the  search  path for executing external commands.  You can specify
                     multiple paths separating with ':'.

       PPID∗         Indicate the process ID of the parent  proccess  for  fd  which  is  invoked
                     first.  (UNIX)

       PRECEDEPATH   Specify  the  file  preceding function, which displays only filenames before
                     obtaining their file information, for the directory which has a lot of files
                     like  as /dev.  You can specify multiple pathnames separating with ':'.  You
                     are enough to specify only the top directory where you want to  realize  the
                     file preceding function, then the file preceding function is valid in all of
                     the directories under that directory.  When the file preceding  function  is
                     effective,  any files are not sorted in that directory, and file information
                     is obtained file by file while  waiting  the  key  input.   No  pathname  is
                     specified by default.

       PRECOPYMENU   Display  the  menu  in advance, which ask you what do you want with the same
                     named files and the  restricted  files,  when  you  copy,  move,  or  delete
                     multiple  files.  In case of too many target files, it avoids the occurrence
                     of query after waiting for a moment.  Any value except 0  and  null  effects
                     valid.

       PROGRESSBAR   Display the progress bar, which indicates the progress, when you copy, move,
                     or delete files.  It needs the time to calculate the progress, to  make  the
                     processing  time  a  little longer than no progress bar.  Any value except 0
                     and null effects valid.

       PS1           Specify the prompt string of input line in EXECUTE_SH.  The default value is
                     "$ ".  The following escape sequences are available.
                         \u   username (UNIX)
                         \h   hostname (UNIX)
                         \H   hostname (including domain name) (UNIX)
                         \w   fullpath of current directory
                         \~   fullpath of current directory
                              (to simplify home directory with ~)
                         \W   current directory name
                         \!   command history number
                         \$   if UID is 0, a #, otherwise a $ (UNIX)
                         \[   beginning of non-printing sequence
                              (terminal control character etc.)
                         \]   ending of non-printing sequence
                         \e   ESC (\033)
                         \ooo character indicated by the octal ooo
                         \\   \ itself

       PS2           Specify   the  prompt  string  when  more  continuous  input  is  needed  in
                     EXECUTE_SH.  The default value is "> ".

       PS4∗          Specify the prompt string with which command strings are displayed when  you
                     do set -x.

       PTYINKCODE    Specify  the  Kanji  code for the string passed to the pseudo terminal.  The
                     string, which is converted from the Kanji code specified  by  INPUTKCODE  to
                     the  Kanji  code  specified  by  this  command, is inputted to any processes
                     running on the pseudo terminal.  This variable has the individual value  for
                     each pseudo terminal, so that you should change value of the variable on the
                     pseudo terminal to change the  input  Kanji  code  of  the  pseudo  terminal
                     running already.  (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         default        no convert

       PTYMENUKEY    Specify  the key to open the pseudo terminal menu while you are handling the
                     pseudo terminal.  You can describe the same key name as bind  command.   You
                     can  select  the  following  items  in the pseudo terminal menu: "SendAsIs",
                     "InputCode",  "Break",  "NextWindow"   and   "Kanji".    Each   item   means
                     respectively:  sending the pseudo terminal menu key as is, inputting the key
                     name to be sent, terminating forcedly the  process  running  in  the  pseudo
                     terminal,  changing  to  the  next  window, invoking the Kana-Kanji IME.  In
                     "InputCode", you can use the key name like as bind  command,  and  also  the
                     Kanji  code  number  used in the Kana-Kanji IME mode.  But you cannot select
                     "NextWindow" in the  non-split  window  mode.   The  default  value  is  not
                     specified.  (UNIX)

       PTYMODE       Use  the  pseudo  terminal to invoke external commands.  In the split window
                     mode, the independent pseudo terminals for every windows will be opened  and
                     enable   you   to  handle  simultaneously  multiple  external  commands  via
                     terminals.  If the terminal in use can not provide some  functions  required
                     for the terminal emulation, the pseudo terminal may not work correctly.  Any
                     value except 0 and null effects valid.  (UNIX)

       PTYOUTKCODE   Specify the Kanji code for the string passed from the pseudo terminal.   The
                     string,  which is converted from the Kanji code specified by this command to
                     the Kanji code specified  by  LANGUAGE,  is  displayed  from  any  processes
                     running  on the pseudo terminal.  This variable has the individual value for
                     each pseudo terminal, so that you should change value of the variable on the
                     pseudo  terminal  to  change  the  output  Kanji code of the pseudo terminal
                     running already.  (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         default        no convert

       PTYTERM       Specify the value of TERM the environment variable to be passed to  external
                     commands,  when you use the pseudo terminal.  Some termcap(5) or terminfo(5)
                     may cause unexpected behavior of the pseudo terminal, you should specify the
                     effective  terminal  name  in your environment.  The default value is vt100.
                     (UNIX)

       PWD∗          The variable for the current directory with the absolute representation.  If
                     some  value  is  set, this value will be replaced automatically according to
                     changing the current directory.  If no value is set, this value will  remain
                     unset.   If this is passed as an environment variable when invoked, and this
                     value and the current directory indicate the same directory logically,  then
                     it  is  used  as  the default value for the current directory.  It is useful
                     when you want to specify the logical pathname following symbolic links.

       ROOTLOGLEVEL  Specify the priority for the log contents of the super  user.   The  default
                     value is 1.  (UNIX)
                         0       no log
                         1       only warning such as writing
                         2       notice such as changing, and over
                         3       info. such as refering, and over
                         >= 4    debug level, and over

                     The  same  operation  can  result as an error to output the log in the lower
                     priority by 1 level.

       RRPATH        Display files under the directory mounted by CD-ROM,  with  the  pseudo  ISO
                     9660  RockRidge  Extension,  for  the  OS  which  cannot  support  RockRidge
                     Extension.  You can specify multiple mount points separating with ':'.   You
                     are  enough  to  specify  only the top directory mounted by CD-ROM, then the
                     pseudo RockRidge Extension function is valid in all of the directories under
                     that  directory.   This  is  no  more  than  a  pseudo extension, which only
                     replaces filenames according to TRANS.TBL, and  cannot  handle  some  CD-ROM
                     which  has  an  inconsistent  TRANS.TBL.   No  mount  point  is specified by
                     default.

       SAVEDIRHIST   Specify the maximum number saved to the directory history file.  The default
                     value is 50.  If this value is 0, no directory history file is saved.

       SAVEHIST      Specify  the  maximum number saved to the command history file.  The default
                     value is 50.  If this value is 0, no command history file is saved.

       SECOND        Display the second in the clock  of  the  title  line.   But  the  clock  is
                     adjusted correctly every 10 seconds, and some gap from the real time will be
                     occurred in this span.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.

       SHELL         When the filename part of this specified value is rfd or  rfdsh,  the  shell
                     becomes a restricted shell as well as -r option when invoked.  This variable
                     also specify the shell which can be invoked from EXECUTE_SH.

       SIZEINFO      Display the file size information line at the top of screen.  The total size
                     displayed  here  is  not  the  sum  of  bytes but the sum of disk block size
                     occupied actually.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.

       SIZEUNIT      Represent the huge file size which overflows the displayed  digit  with  the
                     prefix of the SI unit, as "KB", "MB" and so on.  Any value except 0 and null
                     effects valid.

       SORTTREE      Sort directories in the tree screen.  The sorted type specified by  SORT_DIR
                     is  used, but they can not be sorted when it is "by size" or "by timestamp".
                     The directory included in the current directory path is always placed on the
                     top  of directory tree, with no regard to the sorted type.  Any value except
                     0 and null effects valid.

       SORTTYPE      The file list in the browser screen is not sorted by default, but placed  in
                     order registered in the directory.  This variable specify it to be sorted by
                     default.  The following are specifiable values.
                         0    not sort
                         1    by filename    9    by filename(reverse)
                         2    by extension   10   by extension(reverse)
                         3    by size        11   by size(reverse)
                         4    by timestamp   12   by timestamp(reverse)
                         5    by length      13   by length(reverse)
                         100-113   keep the last sorted type
                         200-213   keep it also in archive browser

                     If you specify the value of 100-113, it is sorted  according  to  the  value
                     indicated  by  lower  2 digits just after invoked, the last specified sorted
                     type is kept when moving directory.  If you specify the  value  of  200-213,
                     the last sort type will be kept also after invoking the archive browser.

       TERM∗         Specity  the  terminal  name.  When this value is dumb, unknown or un, it is
                     regarded as the dumb terminal  to  suppress  any  escape  sequences  in  the
                     internal  shell  in  spite  of  DUMBSHELL.   If this value does not exist in
                     termcap(5) and terminfo(5) entry, it is executable only when it  is  invoked
                     as  fdsh.   The terminal name will be variable dynamically, then you can re-
                     specify the suitable one as  this  value  after  invoked  for  some  strange
                     terminal display and key input.

       THRUARGS      Pass  through  the  pathnames  as  is,  which  is  specified  as the startup
                     arguments.  Fd expands the meta character such as ~ and ${#}  in  the  given
                     pathname  by  itself,  because  the  obsolete low-level shell cannot support
                     these expansion extended by POSIX.  Fd can  sometimes  expand  the  pathname
                     given  by  the  shell  into  the  unexpected string as a result of duplicate
                     expansion, because the  latest  high-level  shell  generally  support  these
                     expansion.   This variable will be suppress the expansion of arguments.  Any
                     value except 0 and null effects valid.

       TMPDIR        Specify the working directory where the archiver command temporarily  unpack
                     files in the archive file.  The default value is /tmp.

                     (On MS-DOS version, The default value is `.'.)

       TMPUMASK      Specify  the  file  creation  mask  with  octal  expression  for  files  and
                     directories created temporarily in TMPDIR.  But the mask value set by  umask
                     the  builtin  command  is prior, then actual mask value is the logical OR of
                     this value and umask value.

       TRADLAYOUT    Use the traditional screen layout based  on  the  original  "FD".   In  this
                     layout, the file size information will be always displayed, whether SIZEINFO
                     is set or not.  When  the  screen  width  is  less  than  80  columns,  this
                     specification is invalid.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.

       UNICODEBUFFER Hold the UNICODE translation table on memory.  It will be fast to access the
                     floppy drive and to translate from/to UTF-8.  You should  set  this  if  you
                     have enough memory.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.

       URLDRIVE      Validate the function of the URL drive.  Any value except 0 and null effects
                     valid.  (UNIX)

       URLKCODE      Specify the Kanji code for filename on the host with the URL  drive.   JIS8,
                     JUNET, HEX, CAP, etc. among them are the Kanji codes used in Samba.  (UNIX)
                         SJIS, sjis     Shift JIS
                         EUC, euc       EUC-JP
                         JIS, jis       7bit JIS
                         JIS8, jis8     8bit JIS
                         JUNET, junet   ISO-2022-JP
                         OJIS, ojis     7bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJIS8, ojis8   8bit JIS (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         OJUNET, ojunet ISO-2022-JP (JIS C6226-1978 + roman)
                         HEX, hex       HEX
                         CAP, cap       CAP
                         UTF8, utf8     UTF-8
                         UTF8-mac, mac  UTF-8 for Mac OS X
                         UTF8-iconv     UTF-8 for iconv
                         default        no convert

       URLOPTIONS    Specify  communication  options,  when  the  URL drive communicates with the
                     host.  You can select individually whether if PASV, PORT,  MDTM,  FEAT  each
                     commands  for  the  FTP  communication are limited or not, or whether if the
                     exact file information is need or not.  On the HTTP protocol, you  will  get
                     the  timestamp  and  size of files with some rounding error in bulk.  If you
                     need the exact information, the operations  by  file  will  spend  the  more
                     communication  time.  The default value is 0.  The following are specifiable
                     values.  (UNIX)
                         0    standard
                         1    PASV
                         2            PORT
                         3    PASV &  PORT
                         4                    MDTM
                         5    PASV &          MDTM
                         6            PORT &  MDTM
                         7    PASV &  PORT &  MDTM
                         8                            FEAT
                         9    PASV &                  FEAT
                         10           PORT &          FEAT
                         11   PASV &  PORT &          FEAT
                         12                   MDTM &  FEAT
                         13   PASV &          MDTM &  FEAT
                         14           PORT &  MDTM &  FEAT
                         15   PASV &  PORT &  MDTM &  FEAT
                         16                                   HTTP
                         17   PASV &                          HTTP
                         18           PORT &                  HTTP
                         19   PASV &  PORT &                  HTTP
                         20                   MDTM &          HTTP
                         21   PASV &          MDTM &          HTTP
                         22           PORT &  MDTM &          HTTP
                         23   PASV &  PORT &  MDTM &          HTTP
                         24                           FEAT &  HTTP
                         25   PASV &                  FEAT &  HTTP
                         26           PORT &          FEAT &  HTTP
                         27   PASV &  PORT &          FEAT &  HTTP
                         28                   MDTM &  FEAT &  HTTP
                         29   PASV &          MDTM &  FEAT &  HTTP
                         30           PORT &  MDTM &  FEAT &  HTTP
                         31   PASV &  PORT &  MDTM &  FEAT &  HTTP

       URLTIMEOUT    Specify the timeout in seconds, when the URL  drive  communicates  with  the
                     host.   If  the  communication from the host is lost for the time specified,
                     the communication is regarded as invalid and its connection will be shutdown
                     forcedly.   If  this  value is 0 second, the timeout operation is invalid to
                     continue waiting response forever.  The default value is 0 second.  (UNIX)

       USEGETCURSOR  Use the VT100 compatible escape sequence  getting  the  cursor  position  in
                     order  to  get  the  terminal  size.   When  the  screen  size of fd doesn't
                     correspond with the terminal size, this variable can be sometimes valid.  On
                     some  terminals  which  don't support the escape sequence getting the cursor
                     position, the operation may be stopped.  In this case, it  is  continued  by
                     inputting 'R' from the keyboard.  Any value except 0 and null effects valid.
                     (UNIX)

       USESYSLOG     Send the log to syslogd(8) the system logger with  the  level  spacified  by
                     LOGLEVEL  or ROOTLOGLEVEL.  The log priority is LOG_ERR only some errors are
                     caused, otherwise the log priority is always LOG_INFO.  LOG_USER is used  as
                     the  facirity  if  it can be specified.  Any value except 0 and null effects
                     valid.  (UNIX)

       WIDEDIGIT     Widen the displayed digits for the number of pages and files.  The  standard
                     displayed digits for the number of pages and files are 2 and 4 respectively.
                     This expands them into 4 and 5 respectively.  Any value except  0  and  null
                     effects valid.

       WRITEFS       Forbid  use  of  WRITE_DIR  command.   If  the  value is 1, the directory is
                     written only when the command is executed intentionally,  and  you  are  not
                     confirmed  after  arranging the file order.  If the value is 2, even writing
                     by the command is invalid, the directory writing is quite forbidden.

       SJISPATH
       EUCPATH
       JISPATH
       JIS8PATH
       JUNETPATH
       OJISPATH
       OJIS8PATH
       OJUNETPATH
       HEXPATH
       CAPPATH
       UTF8PATH
       UTF8MACPATH
       UTF8ICONVPATH
       NOCONVPATH    Specify the Kanji code  for  filename  per  directory,  which  is  prior  to
                     FNAMEKCODE.   You  can  specify multiple pathnames separating with ':'.  You
                     are enough to specify only the top directory where you want to use the Kanji
                     code,  then  you can use the Kanji code in all of the directories under that
                     directory.  In the directory which is described in NOCONVPATH, no Kanji code
                     is  converted ignoring the value of FNAMEKCODE.  No pathname is specified by
                     default.  (UNIX)

MULTI LANGUAGE SUPPORT

       Fd processes the Kanji character-set to input/output as "EUC-JP" or "Shift JIS"  according
       to setting in compile.  The the pathname including Kanji is displayed in consideration for
       the 2nd byte character in Kanji.  You can dynamically select Kanji  code  to  input/output
       with  LANGUAGE,  INPUTKCODE  and FNAMEKCODE the internal variable.  You can input Japanese
       string with the Kana-Kanji IME mode.

       You can use Kanji in the command macro and the command string, but cannot use Kanji as the
       value  of  the  internal  variables.  You cannot use the multibyte symbol character as the
       meta character, such as '%' and '"' and so  on,  Kanji  character  is  not  counted  as  1
       character in the wildcard search.

       And  when  you give the non-standard Kanji code for the OS to the shell with the parameter
       macro such as %JJ, some Kanji is converted into the code including the meta character such
       as  '$'  and  '\' and so on, to cause unexpected behavior.  In that case, you can probably
       avoid it by quoting the string to be converted with %'.

AUTHOR

       Takashi SHIRAI <shirai@unixusers.net>
       The   original   "FD"   for    MS-DOS    was    created    and    released    by    A.Idei
       <SDI00544@niftyserve.or.jp>  for  the  first  time, in 1989.  Fd was created for UNIX from
       scratch following that implementation, in 1995.

FILES

       /etc/fd2rc
                 The systemwide initial configuration file for fd
       ~/.fd2rc  The individual initial configuration file for fd
       ~/.fdshrc The individual initial configuration file for fdsh
       ~/.fd_history
                 The command history file by default
       ~/.fd_freq
                 The translation frequency file by default for the users  Kana-Kanji  translation
                 learning
       /bin/sh   The user shell when SHELL the environment variable is undefined
       /bin/rm   The command to remove temporary files when abort
       /tmp/fd∗  The temporary directory to unpack the archive file
       fd-unicd.tbl
                 The  UNICODE  translation table, which is installed in the same directory as the
                 executable binary of fd
       fd-dict.tbl
                 The Kana-Kanji translation dictionary file,  which  is  installed  in  the  same
                 directory as the executable binary of fd

       fd2rc     The  systemwide  initial configuration file for fd on MS-DOS version, which must
                 be prepared in the same directory as the executable binary of fd
       $HOME\fd2.rc
                 The individual initial configuration file for fd on MS-DOS version
       $HOME\fdsh.rc
                 The individual initial configuration file for fdsh on MS-DOS version
       $HOME\fd.hst
                 The command history file on MS-DOS version by default

LIMITATIONS

       Some terminals cannot send the input of certain  function  keys  and  special  keys.   The
       sequence compatible with VT200 is assigned as the default sequence which is not registered
       in termcap(5), and when the terminal cannot support this, the key receipt  or  the  screen
       control due to be brought by this is not available.

SEE ALSO

       sh(1),  echo(1),  test(1), ls(1), rm(1), tar(1), compress(1), zcat(1), gzip(1), gunzip(1),
       lha(1), login(1), newgrp(1), stty(1), umask(2), termcap(5), terminfo(5), syslogd(8)

BUGS

       When files in an archive file are packed with  a  pathname  including  "..",  the  archive
       browser  cannot  work  normally.  The symbolic links in an archive file cannot be unpacked
       individually.

       The user interface is cheap.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 1995-2014 by Takashi SHIRAI

                                           May 6, 2014                                      FD(1)