NAME

       fnmatch - match filename or pathname

SYNOPSIS

       #include <fnmatch.h>

       int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);

DESCRIPTION

       The  fnmatch()  function  checks whether the string argument matches the pattern argument,
       which is a shell wildcard pattern.

       The flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of  zero  or  more  of  the
       following flags:

       FNM_NOESCAPE
              If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character, instead of an escape
              character.

       FNM_PATHNAME
              If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with a slash in pattern  and  not
              by  an  asterisk  (*)  or  a  question  mark  (?)  metacharacter,  nor by a bracket
              expression ([]) containing a slash.

       FNM_PERIOD
              If this flag is set, a leading period in string has to  be  matched  exactly  by  a
              period  in  pattern.   A  period  is  considered  to  be leading if it is the first
              character in string, or if both FNM_PATHNAME is  set  and  the  period  immediately
              follows a slash.

       FNM_FILE_NAME
              This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.

       FNM_LEADING_DIR
              If  this  flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered to be matched if
              it matches an initial segment of string which is followed by a slash.  This flag is
              mainly for the internal use of glibc and is implemented only in certain cases.

       FNM_CASEFOLD
              If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is matched case-insensitively.

       FNM_EXTMATCH
              If  this  flag  (a  GNU  extension)  is  set,  extended  patterns are supported, as
              introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by other shells.  The extended format  is  as
              follows, with pattern-list being a '|' separated list of patterns.

       '?(pattern-list)'
              The  pattern  matches  if  zero  or  one  occurrences of any of the patterns in the
              pattern-list match the input string.

       '*(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of  any  of  the  patterns  in  the
              pattern-list match the input string.

       '+(pattern-list)'
              The  pattern  matches  if  one  or  more  occurrences of any of the patterns in the
              pattern-list match the input string.

       '@(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if exactly one  occurrence  of  any  of  the  patterns  in  the
              pattern-list match the input string.

       '!(pattern-list)'
              The  pattern matches if the input string cannot be matched with any of the patterns
              in the pattern-list.

RETURN VALUE

       Zero if string matches pattern, FNM_NOMATCH if there is no match or another nonzero  value
       if there is an error.

ATTRIBUTES

       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       ┌──────────┬───────────────┬────────────────────┐
       │Interface │ Attribute     │ Value              │
       ├──────────┼───────────────┼────────────────────┤
       │fnmatch() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe env locale │
       └──────────┴───────────────┴────────────────────┘

CONFORMING TO

       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, POSIX.2.  The FNM_FILE_NAME, FNM_LEADING_DIR, and FNM_CASEFOLD
       flags are GNU extensions.

SEE ALSO

       sh(1), glob(3), scandir(3), wordexp(3), glob(7)

COLOPHON

       This page is part of release 4.04 of the Linux man-pages project.  A  description  of  the
       project,  information  about  reporting  bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be
       found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.