Provided by: lvm2_2.02.133-1ubuntu10_amd64 bug

NAME

       lvcreate - create a logical volume in an existing volume group

SYNOPSIS

       lvcreate [-a|--activate [a][e|l|s]{y|n}] [--addtag Tag] [--alloc AllocationPolicy]
       [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [-H|--cache] [--cachemode {passthrough|writeback|writethrough}]
       [--cachepolicy policy] [--cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume] [--cachesettings key=value]
       [-c|--chunksize ChunkSize] [--commandprofile ProfileName] [-C|--contiguous {y|n}]
       [-d|--debug] [--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}] [--errorwhenfull {y|n}]
       [{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{FREE|PVS|VG}] | -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize}
       [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]] [-h|-?|--help]
       [-K|--ignoreactivationskip] [--ignoremonitoring] [--minor minor [-j|--major major]]
       [--metadataprofile ProfileName] [-m|--mirrors Mirrors [--corelog|--mirrorlog
       {disk|core|mirrored}] [--nosync] [-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize]] [--monitor {y|n}]
       [-n|--name LogicalVolume] [--noudevsync] [-p|--permission {r|rw}] [-M|--persistent {y|n}]
       [--poolmetadatasize MetadataVolumeSize] [--poolmetadataspare {y|n}]
       [--[raid]maxrecoveryrate Rate] [--[raid]minrecoveryrate Rate] [-r|--readahead
       {ReadAheadSectors|auto|none}] [-k|--setactivationskip {y|n}] [-s|--snapshot]
       [-V|--virtualsize VirtualSize] [-t|--test] [-T|--thin] [--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume]
       [--type SegmentType] [-v|--verbose] [-W|--wipesignatures {y|n}] [-Z|--zero {y|n}]
       [VolumeGroup[/{ExternalOrigin|Origin|Pool}LogicalVolumeName
       [PhysicalVolumePath[:PE[-PE]]...]]

       lvcreate [-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{FREE|ORIGIN|PVS|VG}] | -L|--size
       LogicalVolumeSize] [-c|--chunksize ChunkSize] [--commandprofile ProfileName]
       [--noudevsync] [--ignoremonitoring] [--metadataprofile ProfileName] [--monitor {y|n}]
       [-n|--name SnapshotLogicalVolume] -s|--snapshot|-H|--cache
       {[VolumeGroup/]OriginalLogicalVolume [-V|--virtualsize VirtualSize]}

DESCRIPTION

       lvcreate creates a new logical volume in a volume group (see vgcreate(8), vgchange(8))  by
       allocating  logical  extents  from the free physical extent pool of that volume group.  If
       there are not enough free physical extents then the volume  group  can  be  extended  (see
       vgextend(8))  with  other physical volumes or by reducing existing logical volumes of this
       volume group in size (see lvreduce(8)).  If  you  specify  one  or  more  PhysicalVolumes,
       allocation of physical extents will be restricted to these volumes.
       The  second form supports the creation of snapshot logical volumes which keep the contents
       of the original logical volume for backup purposes.

OPTIONS

       See lvm(8) for common options.

       -a|--activate [a][l|e|s]{y|n}
              Controls the availability of the  Logical  Volumes  for  immediate  use  after  the
              command finishes running.  By default, new Logical Volumes are activated (-ay).  If
              it is possible technically, -an will leave the new Logical Volume inactive. But for
              example,  snapshots of active origin can only be created in the active state so -an
              cannot be used with --type snapshot. This does not apply to thin volume  snapshots,
              which  are  by  default created with flag to skip their activation (-ky).  Normally
              the --zero n  argument  has  to  be  supplied  too  because  zeroing  (the  default
              behaviour)  also requires activation.  If autoactivation option is used (-aay), the
              logical   volume   is   activated   only   if   it   matches   an   item   in   the
              activation/auto_activation_volume_list   set  in  lvm.conf(5).   For  autoactivated
              logical volumes, --zero n and --wipesignatures n is always assumed and it can't  be
              overridden.  If the clustered locking is enabled, -aey will activate exclusively on
              one node and -a{a|l}y will activate only on the local node.

       -H|--cache
              Creates cache or cache pool  logical  volume.   Specifying  the  optional  argument
              --extents  or --size will cause the creation of the cache logical volume.  When the
              Volume group name is specified together with existing logical volume name which  is
              NOT a cache pool name, such volume is treated as cache origin volume and cache pool
              is created. In this case the --extents or --size is used to specify size  of  cache
              pool  volume.   See lvmcache(7) for more info about caching support.  Note that the
              cache segment type requires a dm-cache kernel module version 1.3.0 or greater.

       --cachemode {passthrough|writeback|writethrough}
              Specifying a cache mode determines when the writes to a  cache  LV  are  considered
              complete.   When  writeback is specified, a write is considered complete as soon as
              it is stored in the cache pool  LV.   If  writethough  is  specified,  a  write  is
              considered  complete  only  when it has been stored in the cache pool LV and on the
              origin LV.  While writethrough may be slower for writes, it is  more  resilient  if
              something should happen to a device associated with the cache pool LV.

       --cachepolicy policy
              Only  applicable  to cached LVs; see also lvmcache(7). Sets the cache policy. mq is
              the basic policy name. smq is more advanced version available in newer kernels.

       --cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}
              Specifies the name of cache pool volume name. The other way to specify pool name is
              to append name to Volume group name argument.

       --cachesettings key=value
              Only  applicable  to  cached  LVs;  see  also  lvmcache(7).  Sets the cache tunable
              settings. In most use-cases, default values should  be  adequate.   Special  string
              value default switches setting back to its default kernel value and removes it from
              the list of settings stored in lvm2 metadata.

       -c|--chunksize ChunkSize[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G]
              Gives the size of chunk for snapshot, cache pool and  thin  pool  logical  volumes.
              Default unit is in kilobytes.
              For  snapshots the value must be power of 2 between 4KiB and 512KiB and the default
              value is 4KiB.
              For cache pools the value must a multiple of 32KiB  between  32KiB  and  1GiB.  The
              default is 64KiB.
              For  thin  pools  the  value  must  be  a multiple of 64KiB between 64KiB and 1GiB.
              Default value starts with 64KiB and grows up to fit the pool metadata  size  within
              128MiB,  if  the  pool  metadata  size  is  not specified.  See lvm.conf(5) setting
              allocation/thin_pool_chunk_size_policy  to  select  different  calculation  policy.
              Thin  pool  target version <1.4 requires this value to be a power of 2.  For target
              version <1.5 discard is not supported for non power of 2 values.

       -C|--contiguous {y|n}
              Sets or resets the contiguous allocation policy for logical volumes. Default is  no
              contiguous allocation based on a next free principle.

       --corelog
              This is shortcut for option --mirrorlog core.

       --discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}
              Sets discards behavior for thin pool.  Default is passdown.

       --errorwhenfull {y|n}
              Configures  thin  pool  behaviour  when  data  space  is exhausted.  Default is no.
              Device will queue I/O operations until  target  timeout  (see  dm-thin-pool  kernel
              module  option no_space_timeout) expires. Thus configured system has a time to i.e.
              extend the size of thin pool data device.  When set to yes, the  I/O  operation  is
              immeditelly errored.

       -K|--ignoreactivationskip
              Ignore the flag to skip Logical Volumes during activation.  Use --setactivationskip
              option to set or reset activation skipping flag persistently for logical volume.

       --ignoremonitoring
              Make no attempt to interact with dmeventd unless --monitor is specified.

       -l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE|ORIGIN}]
              Gives the number of logical extents to allocate for the new  logical  volume.   The
              total  number of physical extents allocated will be greater than this, for example,
              if the volume is mirrored.  The number can also be expressed as a percentage of the
              total  space  in  the  Volume  Group  with  the  suffix %VG, as a percentage of the
              remaining free space in the Volume Group with the suffix %FREE, as a percentage  of
              the  remaining free space for the specified PhysicalVolume(s) with the suffix %PVS,
              or (for a snapshot) as a percentage of the total space in the Origin Logical Volume
              with  the  suffix  %ORIGIN  (i.e.  100%ORIGIN provides space for the whole origin).
              When expressed as a percentage, the number is treated as an approximate upper limit
              for  the  number of physical extents to be allocated (including extents used by any
              mirrors, for example).

       -j|--major major
              Sets the major number.  Major numbers are not supported with  pool  volumes.   This
              option  is  supported  only on older systems (kernel version 2.4) and is ignored on
              modern Linux systems where major numbers are dynamically assigned.

       --metadataprofile ProfileName
              Uses and attaches the ProfileName  configuration  profile  to  the  logical  volume
              metadata.  Whenever  the  logical  volume  is  processed  next time, the profile is
              automatically applied. If the  volume  group  has  another  profile  attached,  the
              logical  volume  profile  is preferred.  See lvm.conf(5) for more information about
              metadata profiles.

       --minor minor
              Sets the minor number.  Minor numbers are not supported with pool volumes.

       -m|--mirrors mirrors
              Creates a mirrored logical volume with mirrors copies.  For example, specifying  -m
              1 would result in a mirror with two-sides; that is, a linear volume plus one copy.

              Specifying  the optional argument --nosync will cause the creation of the mirror to
              skip the initial resynchronization.  Any data written afterwards will be  mirrored,
              but  the  original  contents  will  not  be  copied.  This is useful for skipping a
              potentially long and resource intensive initial sync of an empty device.

              There are two implementations of mirroring which can be used and correspond to  the
              "raid1" and "mirror" segment types.  The default is "raid1".  See the --type option
              for more information if you would like to use the  legacy  "mirror"  segment  type.
              See       lvm.conf(5)       settings        global/mirror_segtype_default       and
              global/raid10_segtype_default  to  configure  default  mirror  segment  type.   The
              options --mirrorlog and --corelog apply to the legacy "mirror" segment type only.

       --mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}
              Specifies  the  type  of  log  to  be used for logical volumes utilizing the legacy
              "mirror" segment type.
              The default is disk, which is persistent and requires a  small  amount  of  storage
              space, usually on a separate device from the data being mirrored.
              Using  core  means  the  mirror  is  regenerated by copying the data from the first
              device each time the logical volume is activated, like after every reboot.
              Using mirrored will create a persistent log that is itself mirrored.

       --monitor {y|n}
              Starts or avoids monitoring a mirrored, snapshot or thin pool logical  volume  with
              dmeventd,  if  it  is installed.  If a device used by a monitored mirror reports an
              I/O error, the failure is handled according to activation/mirror_image_fault_policy
              and activation/mirror_log_fault_policy set in lvm.conf(5).

       -n|--name LogicalVolume{Name|Path}
              Sets the name for the new logical volume.
              Without  this option a default name of "lvol#" will be generated where # is the LVM
              internal number of the logical volume.

       --nosync
              Causes the creation of the mirror to skip the initial resynchronization.

       --noudevsync
              Disables udev synchronisation. The process will  not  wait  for  notification  from
              udev.   It  will  continue  irrespective  of  any  possible  udev processing in the
              background.  You should only use this if udev is not  running  or  has  rules  that
              ignore the devices LVM2 creates.

       -p|--permission {r|rw}
              Sets access permissions to read only (r) or read and write (rw).
              Default is read and write.

       -M|--persistent {y|n}
              Set  to  y to make the minor number specified persistent.  Pool volumes cannot have
              persistent major and minor numbers.  Defaults to  yes  only  when  major  or  minor
              number is specified.  Otherwise it is no.

       --poolmetadatasize MetadataVolumeSize[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G]
              Sets  the  size  of  pool's metadata logical volume.  Supported values are in range
              between 2MiB and 16GiB for thin pool, and upto 16GiB for cache  pool.  The  minimum
              value  is  computed  from  pool's  data  size.   Default  value  for  thin  pool is
              (Pool_LV_size / Pool_LV_chunk_size * 64b).  Default unit is megabytes.

       --poolmetadataspare {y|n}
              Controls creation and maintanence of pool metadata spare logical volume  that  will
              be  used  for automated pool recovery.  Only one such volume is maintained within a
              volume group with the size of the biggest pool metadata volume.  Default is yes.

       --[raid]maxrecoveryrate Rate[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G]
              Sets the maximum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume.  Rate is specified as  an
              amount  per  second  for  each  device  in  the array.  If no suffix is given, then
              KiB/sec/device is assumed.  Setting the  recovery  rate  to  0  means  it  will  be
              unbounded.

       --[raid]minrecoveryrate Rate[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G]
              Sets  the minimum recovery rate for a RAID logical volume.  Rate is specified as an
              amount per second for each device in the  array.   If  no  suffix  is  given,  then
              KiB/sec/device  is  assumed.   Setting  the  recovery  rate  to  0 means it will be
              unbounded.

       -r|--readahead {ReadAheadSectors|auto|none}
              Sets read ahead sector count of  this  logical  volume.   For  volume  groups  with
              metadata in lvm1 format, this must be a value between 2 and 120.  The default value
              is auto which allows the kernel to choose a suitable value automatically.  none  is
              equivalent to specifying zero.

       -R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G]
              A  mirror  is  divided  into regions of this size (in MiB), and the mirror log uses
              this granularity to track which regions are in sync.

       -k|--setactivationskip {y|n}
              Controls whether Logical Volumes are persistently  flagged  to  be  skipped  during
              activation. By default, thin snapshot volumes are flagged for activation skip.  See
              lvm.conf(5)  activation/auto_set_activation_skip  how   to   change   its   default
              behaviour.   To  activate such volumes, an extra --ignoreactivationskip option must
              be  used.  The  flag   is   not   applied   during   deactivation.   Use   lvchange
              --setactivationskip  command  to change the skip flag for existing volumes.  To see
              whether the flag is attached, use lvs command  where  the  state  of  the  flag  is
              reported within lv_attr bits.

       -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G|t|T|p|P|e|E]
              Gives  the  size  to  allocate  for the new logical volume.  A size suffix of B for
              bytes, S for sectors as 512  bytes,  K  for  kilobytes,  M  for  megabytes,  G  for
              gigabytes, T for terabytes, P for petabytes or E for exabytes is optional.
              Default unit is megabytes.

       -s|--snapshot OriginalLogicalVolume{Name|Path}
              Creates a snapshot logical volume (or snapshot) for an existing, so called original
              logical volume (or origin).  Snapshots provide a 'frozen image' of the contents  of
              the  origin  while  the origin can still be updated. They enable consistent backups
              and online recovery of removed/overwritten data/files.
              Thin snapshot is created when the origin is a thin  volume  and  the  size  IS  NOT
              specified.  Thin  snapshot shares same blocks within the thin pool volume.  The non
              thin volume snapshot with the specified size does  not  need  the  same  amount  of
              storage  the origin has. In a typical scenario, 15-20% might be enough. In case the
              snapshot runs out of storage, use lvextend(8) to grow it. Shrinking a  snapshot  is
              supported  by lvreduce(8) as well. Run lvs(8) on the snapshot in order to check how
              much data is allocated to it.  Note: a small amount of the space  you  allocate  to
              the  snapshot  is  used to track the locations of the chunks of data, so you should
              allocate slightly more space than you actually need  and  monitor  (--monitor)  the
              rate  at  which the snapshot data is growing so you can avoid running out of space.
              If --thinpool is specified, thin volume is created that  will  use  given  original
              logical  volume as an external origin that serves unprovisioned blocks.  Only read-
              only volumes can be used as external origins.  To make the volume external  origin,
              lvm  expects  the volume to be inactive.  External origin volume can be used/shared
              for many thin volumes even from different thin pools. See lvconvert(8)  for  online
              conversion to thin volumes with external origin.

       -i|--stripes Stripes
              Gives  the  number  of stripes.  This is equal to the number of physical volumes to
              scatter the logical volume.  When creating a RAID 4/5/6 logical volume,  the  extra
              devices which are necessary for parity are internally accounted for.  Specifying -i
              3 would use 3 devices for striped logical volumes, 4 devices for RAID  4/5,  and  5
              devices  for  RAID  6.  Alternatively, RAID 4/5/6 will stripe across all PVs in the
              volume group or all of the PVs specified if the -i argument is omitted.

       -I|--stripesize StripeSize
              Gives the number of kilobytes for the granularity of the stripes.
              StripeSize must be 2^n (n = 2 to 9) for metadata in LVM1 format.  For  metadata  in
              LVM2  format,  the  stripe  size may be a larger power of 2 but must not exceed the
              physical extent size.

       -T|--thin
              Creates thin pool or thin logical volume or both.  Specifying the optional argument
              --size  or  --extents  will  cause  the  creation  of the thin pool logical volume.
              Specifying the optional argument --virtualsize will cause the creation of the  thin
              logical  volume  from given thin pool volume.  Specifying both arguments will cause
              the creation of both thin pool and thin volume using this pool.  See lvmthin(7) for
              more  info  about  thin  provisioning  support.   Thin provisioning requires device
              mapper kernel driver from kernel 3.2 or greater.

       --thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}
              Specifies the name of thin pool volume name. The other way to specify pool name  is
              to append name to Volume group name argument.

       --type SegmentType
              Creates  a  logical  volume  with the specified segment type.  Supported types are:
              cache, cache-pool, error, linear,  mirror,  raid1,  raid4,  raid5_la,  raid5_ls  (=
              raid5),  raid5_ra,  raid5_rs,  raid6_nc,  raid6_nr,  raid6_zr  (=  raid6),  raid10,
              snapshot, striped, thin, thin-pool or zero.  Segment type may  have  a  commandline
              switch  alias  that will enable its use.  When the type is not explicitly specified
              an implicit type is selected from combination  of  options:  -H|--cache|--cachepool
              (cache  or cachepool), -T|--thin|--thinpool (thin or thinpool), -m|--mirrors (raid1
              or  mirror),  -s|--snapshot|-V|--virtualsize  (snapshot  or   thin),   -i|--stripes
              (striped).  Default segment type is linear.

       -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize[b|B|s|S|k|K|m|M|g|G|t|T|p|P|e|E]
              Creates a thinly provisioned device or a sparse device of the given size (in MiB by
              default).  See  lvm.conf(5)  settings  global/sparse_segtype_default  to  configure
              default  sparse segment type.  See lvmthin(7) for more info about thin provisioning
              support.  Anything written to a sparse snapshot will be returned when reading  from
              it.   Reading  from other areas of the device will return blocks of zeros.  Virtual
              snapshot (sparse snapshot) is implemented by creating a hidden  virtual  device  of
              the  requested  size  using the zero target.  A suffix of _vorigin is used for this
              device.  Note: using sparse snapshots is not  efficient  for  larger  device  sizes
              (GiB), thin provisioning should be used for this case.

       -W|--wipesignatures {y|n}
              Controls  wiping  of  detected signatures on newly created Logical Volume.  If this
              option is not specified, then by default signature wiping is  done  each  time  the
              zeroing  (  -Z|--zero  )  is  done.  This  default  behaviour  can be controlled by
              allocation/wipe_signatures_when_zeroing_new_lvs setting found in lvm.conf(5).
              If blkid wiping is used allocation/use_blkid_wiping  setting  in  lvm.conf(5))  and
              LVM2 is compiled with blkid wiping support, then blkid(8) library is used to detect
              the signatures (use blkid -k command to list the signatures that  are  recognized).
              Otherwise,  native  LVM2  code is used to detect signatures (MD RAID, swap and LUKS
              signatures are detected only in this case).
              Logical volume is not wiped if the read only flag is set.

       -Z|--zero {y|n}
              Controls zeroing of the first 4KiB of data in the new logical volume.   Default  is
              yes.   Snapshot COW volumes are always zeroed.  Logical volume is not zeroed if the
              read only flag is set.
              Warning: trying to mount an unzeroed logical volume can cause the system to hang.

Examples

       Creates a striped logical volume with 3 stripes, a stripe size  of  8KiB  and  a  size  of
       100MiB  in  the  volume  group  named  vg00.   The  logical  volume name will be chosen by
       lvcreate:

       lvcreate -i 3 -I 8 -L 100M vg00

       Creates a mirror logical volume with 2 sides  with  a  useable  size  of  500  MiB.   This
       operation  would  require  3  devices  (or  option  --alloc anywhere) - two for the mirror
       devices and one for the disk log:

       lvcreate -m1 -L 500M vg00

       Creates a mirror logical volume with 2 sides  with  a  useable  size  of  500  MiB.   This
       operation would require 2 devices - the log is "in-memory":

       lvcreate -m1 --mirrorlog core -L 500M vg00

       Creates  a  snapshot  logical volume named "vg00/snap" which has access to the contents of
       the original logical volume named "vg00/lvol1" at snapshot logical volume  creation  time.
       If  the original logical volume contains a file system, you can mount the snapshot logical
       volume on an arbitrary directory in order to access the contents of the filesystem to  run
       a backup while the original filesystem continues to get updated:

       lvcreate --size 100m --snapshot --name snap /dev/vg00/lvol1

       Creates  a  snapshot logical volume named "vg00/snap" with size for overwriting 20% of the
       original logical volume named "vg00/lvol1".:

       lvcreate -s -l 20%ORIGIN --name snap vg00/lvol1

       Creates a sparse device named /dev/vg1/sparse of size  1TiB  with  space  for  just  under
       100MiB of actual data on it:

       lvcreate --virtualsize 1T --size 100M --snapshot --name sparse vg1

       Creates  a  linear  logical  volume  "vg00/lvol1"  using physical extents /dev/sda:0-7 and
       /dev/sdb:0-7 for allocation of extents:

       lvcreate -L 64M -n lvol1 vg00 /dev/sda:0-7 /dev/sdb:0-7

       Creates a 5GiB RAID5 logical volume "vg00/my_lv", with 3 stripes (plus a parity drive  for
       a total of 4 devices) and a stripesize of 64KiB:

       lvcreate --type raid5 -L 5G -i 3 -I 64 -n my_lv vg00

       Creates  a  RAID5  logical  volume "vg00/my_lv", using all of the free space in the VG and
       spanning all the PVs in the VG:

       lvcreate --type raid5 -l 100%FREE -n my_lv vg00

       Creates a 5GiB RAID10 logical volume "vg00/my_lv", with 2  stripes  on  2  2-way  mirrors.
       Note  that  the  -i  and  -m arguments behave differently.  The -i specifies the number of
       stripes.  The -m specifies the number of additional copies:

       lvcreate --type raid10 -L 5G -i 2 -m 1 -n my_lv vg00

       Creates 100MiB pool logical volume for thin provisioning build with 2  stripes  64KiB  and
       chunk size 256KiB together with 1TiB thin provisioned logical volume "vg00/thin_lv":

       lvcreate -i 2 -I 64 -c 256 -L100M -T vg00/pool -V 1T --name thin_lv

       Creates  a  thin  snapshot  volume "thinsnap" of thin volume "thinvol" that will share the
       same blocks within the thin pool.  Note: the size MUST NOT  be  specified,  otherwise  the
       non-thin snapshot is created instead:

       lvcreate -s vg00/thinvol --name thinsnap

       Creates  a  thin  snapshot volume of read-only inactive volume "origin" which then becomes
       the thin external origin for the thin snapshot volume in vg00 that will  use  an  existing
       thin pool "vg00/pool":

       lvcreate -s --thinpool vg00/pool origin

       Create a cache pool LV that can later be used to cache one logical volume.

       lvcreate --type cache-pool -L 1G -n my_lv_cachepool vg /dev/fast1

       If  there  is an existing cache pool LV, create the large slow device (i.e. the origin LV)
       and link it to the supplied cache pool LV, creating a cache LV.

       lvcreate --cache -L 100G -n my_lv vg/my_lv_cachepool /dev/slow1

       If there is an existing logical volume, create the small and fast cache pool LV  and  link
       it to the supplied existing logical volume (i.e. the origin LV), creating a cache LV.

       lvcreate --type cache -L 1G -n my_lv_cachepool vg/my_lv /dev/fast1

SEE ALSO

       lvm(8),  lvm.conf(5),  lvmcache(7),  lvmthin(7),  lvconvert(8),  lvchange(8), lvextend(8),
       lvreduce(8), lvremove(8), lvrename(8) lvs(8), lvscan(8), vgcreate(8), blkid(8)