Provided by: openafs-client_1.6.15-1ubuntu1.1_amd64 
NAME
klog, klog.krb - Authenticates with the Authentication Server
SYNOPSIS
klog [-x] [-principal <user name>]
[-password <user's password>] [-cell <cell name>]
[-servers <explicit list of servers>+]
[-pipe] [-silent]
[-lifetime <ticket lifetime in hh[:mm[:ss]]>]
[-setpag] [-tmp] [-help]
klog [-x] [-pr <user name>] [-pa <user's password>]
[-c <cell name>] [-s <explicit list of servers>+]
[-pi] [-si] [-l <ticket lifetime in hh[:mm[:ss]]>]
[-se] [-t] [-h]
klog.krb [-x] [-principal <user name>]
[-password <user's password>] [-cell <cell name>]
[-servers <explicit list of servers>+]
[-pipe] [-silent]
[-lifetime <ticket lifetime in hh[:mm[:ss]]>]
[-setpag] [-tmp] [-help]
DESCRIPTION
The klog and klog.krb commands are obsolete and should not be used. Instead, use kinit followed by aklog
or klog.krb5. See aklog(1) and klog.krb5(1) for more information.
The klog command obtains an AFS token from the obsolete Authentication Server or a Kerberos KDC that
speaks the same protocol, such as fakeka or a Heimdal Kerberos KDC. The Cache Manager on the local
machine stores the token in a credential structure in kernel memory and uses it when obtaining
authenticated access to the AFS filespace. This command does not affect the issuer's identity (UNIX UID)
in the local file system.
The klog.krb command obtains an AFS token from the obsolete Authentication Server or a Kerberos v4 KDC
and also places the issuer's Kerberos v4 tickets in the file named by the KRBTKFILE environment variable.
The Kerberos v4 ticket may used by Kerberos v4 aware programs. The pagsh.krb command defines the
KRBTKFILE environment variable as /tmp/tktpX where X is the number of the user's PAG.
By default, the command interpreter obtains a token for the AFS user name that matches the issuer's
identity in the local file system. To specify an alternate user, include the -principal argument. The
user named by the -principal argument does not have to appear in the local password file (the /etc/passwd
file or equivalent).
By default, the command interpreter obtains a token for the local cell, as defined by the AFSCELL
environment variable set in the command shell or by the /etc/openafs/ThisCell file on the local machine.
To specify an alternate cell, include the -cell argument. The command interpreter contacts an
Authentication Server chosen at random from the cell's entry in the local /etc/openafs/server/CellServDB
file, unless the -servers argument is used to name one or more database server machines.
A user can have tokens in multiple cells simultaneously, but only one token per cell per connection to
the client machine. If the user's credential structure already contains a token for the requested cell,
the token resulting from this command replaces it.
The lifetime of the token resulting from this command is the smallest of the following.
• The lifetime specified by the issuer with the -lifetime argument. If the issuer does not include this
argument, the value defaults to 720 hours (30 days).
• The maximum ticket lifetime recorded for the afs entry in the Authentication Database. The default is
100 hours.
• The maximum ticket lifetime recorded in the specified user's Authentication Database entry. The
default is 25 hours for user entries created by an Authentication Server running AFS 3.1 or later.
• The maximum ticket lifetime recorded in the krbtgt.CELLNAME entry in the Authentication Database;
this entry corresponds to the ticket-granting ticket used internally in generating the token. The
default is 720 hours (30 days).
The output from the kas examine command displays an Authentication Database entry's maximum ticket
lifetime as "Max ticket lifetime". Administrators can display any entry, and users can display their own
entries.
If none of the defaults have been changed, the token lifetime is 25 hours for user accounts created by an
Authentication Server running AFS 3.1 or higher. The maximum lifetime for any token is 720 hours (30
days), and the minimum is 5 minutes.
Between the minimum and maximum values, the Authentication Server uses a defined set of values, according
to the following rules. Requested lifetimes between 5 minutes and 10 hours 40 minutes are granted at 5
minute intervals, rounding up. For example, if the issuer requests a lifetime of 12 minutes, the token's
actual lifetime is 15 minutes.
For token lifetimes greater than 10 hours 40 minutes, consult the following table, which presents all the
possible times in units of hours:minutes:seconds. The number in parentheses is an approximation of the
corresponding time in days and hours (as indicated by the "d" and "h" letters). For example, "282:22:17"
means 282 hours, 22 minutes, and 17 seconds, which translates to approximately 11 days and 18 hours ("11d
18h"). The Authentication Server rounds up a requested lifetime to the next highest possible lifetime.
11:24:15 (0d 11h) 46:26:01 (1d 22h) 189:03:38 (7d 21h)
12:11:34 (0d 12h) 49:38:40 (2d 01h) 202:08:00 (8d 10h)
13:02:09 (0d 13h) 53:04:37 (2d 05h) 216:06:35 (9d 00h)
13:56:14 (0d 13h) 56:44:49 (2d 08h) 231:03:09 (9d 15h)
14:54:03 (0d 14h) 60:40:15 (2d 12h) 247:01:43 (10d 07h)
15:55:52 (0d 15h) 64:51:57 (2d 16h) 264:06:34 (11d 00h)
17:01:58 (0d 17h) 69:21:04 (2d 21h) 282:22:17 (11d 18h)
18:12:38 (0d 18h) 74:08:46 (3d 02h) 301:53:45 (12d 13h)
19:28:11 (0d 19h) 79:16:23 (3d 07h) 322:46:13 (13d 10h)
20:48:57 (0d 20h) 84:45:16 (3d 12h) 345:05:18 (14d 09h)
22:15:19 (0d 22h) 90:36:53 (3d 18h) 368:56:58 (15d 08h)
23:47:38 (0d 23h) 96:52:49 (4d 00h) 394:27:37 (16d 10h)
25:26:21 (1d 01h) 103:34:45 (4d 07h) 421:44:07 (17d 13h)
27:11:54 (1d 03h) 110:44:28 (4d 14h) 450:53:46 (18d 18h)
29:04:44 (1d 05h) 118:23:54 (4d 22h) 482:04:24 (20d 02h)
31:05:22 (1d 07h) 126:35:05 (5d 06h) 515:24:22 (21d 11h)
33:14:21 (1d 09h) 135:20:15 (5d 15h) 551:02:38 (22d 23h)
35:32:15 (1d 11h) 144:41:44 (6d 00h) 589:08:45 (24d 13h)
37:59:41 (1d 13h) 154:42:01 (6d 10h) 629:52:56 (26d 05h)
40:37:19 (1d 16h) 165:23:50 (6d 21h) 673:26:07 (28d 01h)
43:25:50 (1d 19h) 176:50:01 (7d 08h)
CAUTIONS
klog speaks a protocol specific to the obsolete Authentication Server and is provided primarily to
support cells that have not yet migrated to a Kerberos version 5 KDC. It is still useful at cells not
running the Authentication Server if the associated Kerberos realm supports Authentication Server queries
(such as a Heimdal KDC or fakeka), but using klog.krb5 or kinit plus aklog instead of this command is
recommended.
By default, this command does not create a new process authentication group (PAG); see the description of
the pagsh command to learn about PAGs. If a cell does not use an AFS-modified login utility, users must
include -setpag option to this command, or issue the pagsh command before this one, to have their tokens
stored in a credential structure that is identified by PAG rather than by local UID.
When a credential structure is identified by local UID, the potential security exposure is that the local
superuser "root" can use the UNIX su command to assume any other identity and automatically inherit the
tokens associated with that UID. Identifying the credential structure by PAG eliminates this exposure.
If the -password argument is used, the specified password cannot begin with a hyphen, because it is
interpreted as another option name. Use of the -password argument is not recommended in any case.
By default, it is possible to issue this command on a properly configured NFS client machine that is
accessing AFS via the NFS/AFS Translator, assuming that the NFS client machine is a supported system
type. However, if the translator machine's administrator has enabled UID checking by including the
-uidcheck on argument to the fs exportafs command, the command fails with an error message similar to the
following:
Warning: Remote pioctl to <translator_machine> has failed (err=8). . .
Unable to authenticate to AFS because a pioctl failed.
Enabling UID checking means that the credential structure in which tokens are stored on the translator
machine must be identified by a UID that matches the local UID of the process that is placing the tokens
in the credential structure. After the klog command interpreter obtains the token on the NFS client, it
passes it to the remote executor daemon on the translator machine, which makes the system call that
stores the token in a credential structure on the translator machine. The remote executor generally runs
as the local superuser "root", so in most cases its local UID (normally zero) does not match the local
UID of the user who issued the klog command on the NFS client machine.
Issuing the klog command on an NFS client machine creates a security exposure: the command interpreter
passes the token across the network to the remote executor daemon in clear text mode.
OPTIONS
-x Appears only for backwards compatibility. Its former function is now the default behavior of this
command.
-principal <user name>
Specifies the user name to authenticate. If this argument is omitted, the Authentication Server
attempts to authenticate the user logged into the local system.
-password <user's password>
Specifies the issuer's password (or that of the alternate user identified by the -principal
argument). Omit this argument to have the command interpreter prompt for the password, in which case
it does not echo visibly in the command shell.
-cell <cell name>
Specifies the cell for which to obtain a token. The command is directed to that cell's Authentication
Servers. During a single login session on a given machine, a user can be authenticated in multiple
cells simultaneously, but can have only one token at a time for each of them (that is, can only
authenticate under one identity per cell per session on a machine). It is acceptable to abbreviate
the cell name to the shortest form that distinguishes it from the other cells listed in the
/etc/openafs/CellServDB file on the client machine on which the command is issued.
If this argument is omitted, the command is executed in the local cell, as defined
• First, by the value of the environment variable AFSCELL.
• Second, in the /etc/openafs/ThisCell file on the client machine on which the command is issued.
-servers <explicit list of servers>+
Establishes a connection with the Authentication Server running on each specified database server
machine. The command interpreter then chooses one of these at random to execute the command. It is
best to provide fully-qualified hostnames, but abbreviated forms are possibly acceptable depending on
the state of the cell's name server at the time the command is issued. This option is useful for
testing specific servers if problems are encountered.
If this argument is omitted, the command interpreter establishes a connection with each machine
listed for the indicated cell in the local copy of the /etc/openafs/CellServDB file, and then chooses
one of them at random for command execution.
-pipe
Suppresses all output to the standard output stream, including prompts and error messages. The klog
command interpreter expects to receive the password from the standard input stream. Do not use this
argument; it is designed for use by application programs rather than human users.
-silent
Suppresses some of the trace messages that the klog command produces on the standard output stream by
default. It still reports on major problems encountered.
-lifetime <ticket lifetime
Requests a specific lifetime for the token. Provide a number of hours and optionally minutes and
seconds in the format hh[:mm[:ss]]. The value is used in calculating the token lifetime as described
in DESCRIPTION.
-setpag
Creates a process authentication group (PAG) prior to requesting authentication. The token is
associated with the newly created PAG.
-tmp
Creates a Kerberos-style ticket file in the /tmp directory of the local machine. The file is called
tkt.AFS_UID where AFS_UID is the AFS UID of the issuer.
-help
Prints the online help for this command. All other valid options are ignored.
OUTPUT
The following message indicates that the limit on consecutive authentication failures has been exceeded.
An administrator can use the kas unlock command to unlock the account, or the issuer can wait until the
lockout time for the account has passed. (The time is set with the -locktime argument to the kas
setfields command and displayed in the output from the kas examine command).
Unable to authenticate to AFS because ID is locked - see your system admin
If the -tmp flag is included, the following message confirms that a Kerberos-style ticket file was
created:
Wrote ticket file to /tmp
EXAMPLES
Most often, this command is issued without arguments. The appropriate password is for the person
currently logged into the local system. The ticket's lifetime is calculated as described in DESCRIPTION
(if no defaults have been changed, it is 25 hours for a user whose Authentication Database entry was
created in AFS 3.1 or later).
% klog
Password:
The following example authenticates the user as admin in the ABC Corporation's test cell:
% klog -principal admin -cell test.abc.com
Password:
In the following, the issuer requests a ticket lifetime of 104 hours 30 minutes (4 days 8 hours 30
minutes). Presuming that this lifetime is allowed by the maximum ticket lifetimes and other factors
described in DESCRIPTION, the token's lifetime is 110:44:28, which is the next largest possible value.
% klog -lifetime 104:30
Password:
PRIVILEGE REQUIRED
None
SEE ALSO
fs_exportafs(1), kas_examine(8), kas_setfields(8), kas_unlock(8), kaserver(8), pagsh(1), tokens(1)
COPYRIGHT
IBM Corporation 2000. <http://www.ibm.com/> All Rights Reserved. This documentation is covered by the IBM Public License Version 1.0. It was converted from HTML to POD by software written by Chas Williams and Russ Allbery, based on work by Alf Wachsmann and Elizabeth Cassell.