Provided by: youtube-dl_2016.02.22-1_all 
NAME
youtube-dl - download videos from youtube.com or other video platforms
SYNOPSIS
youtube-dl [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]
DESCRIPTION
youtube-dl is a small command-line program to download videos from YouTube.com and a few
more sites. It requires the Python interpreter, version 2.6, 2.7, or 3.2+, and it is not
platform specific. It should work on your Unix box, on Windows or on Mac OS X. It is
released to the public domain, which means you can modify it, redistribute it or use it
however you like.
OPTIONS
-h, --help
Print this help text and exit
--version
Print program version and exit
-U, --update
Update this program to latest version. Make sure that you have sufficient
permissions (run with sudo if needed)
-i, --ignore-errors
Continue on download errors, for example to skip unavailable videos in a playlist
--abort-on-error
Abort downloading of further videos (in the playlist or the command line) if an
error occurs
--dump-user-agent
Display the current browser identification
--list-extractors
List all supported extractors
--extractor-descriptions
Output descriptions of all supported extractors
--force-generic-extractor
Force extraction to use the generic extractor
--default-search PREFIX
Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two
videos from google videos for youtube-dl "large apple". Use the value "auto" to
let youtube-dl guess ("auto_warning" to emit a warning when guessing). "error"
just throws an error. The default value "fixup_error" repairs broken URLs, but
emits an error if this is not possible instead of searching.
--ignore-config
Do not read configuration files. When given in the global configuration file /etc
/youtube-dl.conf: Do not read the user configuration in ~/.config/youtube-
dl/config (%APPDATA%/youtube-dl/config.txt on Windows)
--flat-playlist
Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them.
--no-color
Do not emit color codes in output
Network Options:
--proxy URL
Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS proxy. Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for
direct connection
--socket-timeout SECONDS
Time to wait before giving up, in seconds
--source-address IP
Client-side IP address to bind to (experimental)
-4, --force-ipv4
Make all connections via IPv4 (experimental)
-6, --force-ipv6
Make all connections via IPv6 (experimental)
--cn-verification-proxy URL
Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some Chinese sites. The default proxy
specified by --proxy (or none, if the options is not present) is used for the
actual downloading. (experimental)
Video Selection:
--playlist-start NUMBER
Playlist video to start at (default is 1)
--playlist-end NUMBER
Playlist video to end at (default is last)
--playlist-items ITEM_SPEC
Playlist video items to download. Specify indices of the videos in the playlist
separated by commas like: "--playlist-items 1,2,5,8" if you want to download videos
indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist. You can specify range: "--playlist-items
1-3,7,10-13", it will download the videos at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
--match-title REGEX
Download only matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string)
--reject-title REGEX
Skip download for matching titles (regex or caseless sub-string)
--max-downloads NUMBER
Abort after downloading NUMBER files
--min-filesize SIZE
Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
--max-filesize SIZE
Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)
--date DATE
Download only videos uploaded in this date
--datebefore DATE
Download only videos uploaded on or before this date (i.e. inclusive)
--dateafter DATE
Download only videos uploaded on or after this date (i.e. inclusive)
--min-views COUNT
Do not download any videos with less than COUNT views
--max-views COUNT
Do not download any videos with more than COUNT views
--match-filter FILTER
Generic video filter (experimental). Specify any key (see help for -o for a list
of available keys) to match if the key is present, !key to check if the key is not
present,key > NUMBER (like "comment_count > 12", also works with >=, <, <=, !=, =)
to compare against a number, and & to require multiple matches. Values which are
not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?) after the operator.For
example, to only match videos that have been liked more than 100 times and disliked
less than 50 times (or the dislike functionality is not available at the given
service), but who also have a description, use --match-filter "like_count > 100 &
dislike_count <? 50 & description" .
--no-playlist
Download only the video, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
--yes-playlist
Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist.
--age-limit YEARS
Download only videos suitable for the given age
--download-archive FILE
Download only videos not listed in the archive file. Record the IDs of all
downloaded videos in it.
--include-ads
Download advertisements as well (experimental)
Download Options:
-r, --rate-limit LIMIT
Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g. 50K or 4.2M)
-R, --retries RETRIES
Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite".
--buffer-size SIZE
Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K) (default is 1024)
--no-resize-buffer
Do not automatically adjust the buffer size. By default, the buffer size is
automatically resized from an initial value of SIZE.
--playlist-reverse
Download playlist videos in reverse order
--xattr-set-filesize
Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected filesize (experimental)
--hls-prefer-native
Use the native HLS downloader instead of ffmpeg (experimental)
--hls-use-mpegts
Use the mpegts container for HLS videos, allowing to play the video while
downloading (some players may not be able to play it)
--external-downloader COMMAND
Use the specified external downloader. Currently supports
aria2c,axel,curl,httpie,wget
--external-downloader-args ARGS
Give these arguments to the external downloader
Filesystem Options:
-a, --batch-file FILE
File containing URLs to download ('-' for stdin)
--id Use only video ID in file name
-o, --output TEMPLATE
Output filename template. Use %(title)s to get the title, %(uploader)s for the
uploader name, %(uploader_id)s for the uploader nickname if different,
%(autonumber)s to get an automatically incremented number, %(ext)s for the filename
extension, %(format)s for the format description (like "22 - 1280x720" or "HD"),
%(format_id)s for the unique id of the format (like YouTube's itags: "137"),
%(upload_date)s for the upload date (YYYYMMDD), %(extractor)s for the provider
(youtube, metacafe, etc), %(id)s for the video id, %(playlist_title)s,
%(playlist_id)s, or %(playlist)s (=title if present, ID otherwise) for the playlist
the video is in, %(playlist_index)s for the position in the playlist. %(height)s
and %(width)s for the width and height of the video format. %(resolution)s for a
textual description of the resolution of the video format. %% for a literal
percent. Use - to output to stdout. Can also be used to download to a different
directory, for example with -o '/my/downloads/%(uploader)s
/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s' .
--autonumber-size NUMBER
Specify the number of digits in %(autonumber)s when it is present in output
filename template or --auto-number option is given
--restrict-filenames
Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in filenames
-A, --auto-number
[deprecated; use -o "%(autonumber)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s" ] Number downloaded files
starting from 00000
-t, --title
[deprecated] Use title in file name (default)
-l, --literal
[deprecated] Alias of --title
-w, --no-overwrites
Do not overwrite files
-c, --continue
Force resume of partially downloaded files. By default, youtube-dl will resume
downloads if possible.
--no-continue
Do not resume partially downloaded files (restart from beginning)
--no-part
Do not use .part files - write directly into output file
--no-mtime
Do not use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time
--write-description
Write video description to a .description file
--write-info-json
Write video metadata to a .info.json file
--write-annotations
Write video annotations to a .annotations.xml file
--load-info FILE
JSON file containing the video information (created with the "--write-info-json"
option)
--cookies FILE
File to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in
--cache-dir DIR
Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl can store some downloaded information
permanently. By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME /youtube-dl or ~/.cache/youtube-dl . At
the moment, only YouTube player files (for videos with obfuscated signatures) are
cached, but that may change.
--no-cache-dir
Disable filesystem caching
--rm-cache-dir
Delete all filesystem cache files
Thumbnail images:
--write-thumbnail
Write thumbnail image to disk
--write-all-thumbnails
Write all thumbnail image formats to disk
--list-thumbnails
Simulate and list all available thumbnail formats
Verbosity / Simulation Options:
-q, --quiet
Activate quiet mode
--no-warnings
Ignore warnings
-s, --simulate
Do not download the video and do not write anything to disk
--skip-download
Do not download the video
-g, --get-url
Simulate, quiet but print URL
-e, --get-title
Simulate, quiet but print title
--get-id
Simulate, quiet but print id
--get-thumbnail
Simulate, quiet but print thumbnail URL
--get-description
Simulate, quiet but print video description
--get-duration
Simulate, quiet but print video length
--get-filename
Simulate, quiet but print output filename
--get-format
Simulate, quiet but print output format
-j, --dump-json
Simulate, quiet but print JSON information. See --output for a description of
available keys.
-J, --dump-single-json
Simulate, quiet but print JSON information for each command-line argument. If the
URL refers to a playlist, dump the whole playlist information in a single line.
--print-json
Be quiet and print the video information as JSON (video is still being downloaded).
--newline
Output progress bar as new lines
--no-progress
Do not print progress bar
--console-title
Display progress in console titlebar
-v, --verbose
Print various debugging information
--dump-pages
Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to debug problems (very verbose)
--write-pages
Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the current directory to debug
problems
--print-traffic
Display sent and read HTTP traffic
-C, --call-home
Contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
--no-call-home
Do NOT contact the youtube-dl server for debugging
Workarounds:
--encoding ENCODING
Force the specified encoding (experimental)
--no-check-certificate
Suppress HTTPS certificate validation
--prefer-insecure
Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve information about the video. (Currently
supported only for YouTube)
--user-agent UA
Specify a custom user agent
--referer URL
Specify a custom referer, use if the video access is restricted to one domain
--add-header FIELD:VALUE
Specify a custom HTTP header and its value, separated by a colon ':'. You can use
this option multiple times
--bidi-workaround
Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv or
fribidi executable in PATH
--sleep-interval SECONDS
Number of seconds to sleep before each download.
Video Format Options:
-f, --format FORMAT
Video format code, see the "FORMAT SELECTION" for all the info
--all-formats
Download all available video formats
--prefer-free-formats
Prefer free video formats unless a specific one is requested
-F, --list-formats
List all available formats of requested videos
--youtube-skip-dash-manifest
Do not download the DASH manifests and related data on YouTube videos
--merge-output-format FORMAT
If a merge is required (e.g. bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given container
format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg, webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is required
Subtitle Options:
--write-sub
Write subtitle file
--write-auto-sub
Write automatically generated subtitle file (YouTube only)
--all-subs
Download all the available subtitles of the video
--list-subs
List all available subtitles for the video
--sub-format FORMAT
Subtitle format, accepts formats preference, for example: "srt" or "ass/srt/best"
--sub-lang LANGS
Languages of the subtitles to download (optional) separated by commas, use --list-
subs for available language tags
Authentication Options:
-u, --username USERNAME
Login with this account ID
-p, --password PASSWORD
Account password. If this option is left out, youtube-dl will ask interactively.
-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR
Two-factor auth code
-n, --netrc
Use .netrc authentication data
--video-password PASSWORD
Video password (vimeo, smotri, youku)
Post-processing Options:
-x, --extract-audio
Convert video files to audio-only files (requires ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or
avprobe)
--audio-format FORMAT
Specify audio format: "best", "aac", "vorbis", "mp3", "m4a", "opus", or "wav";
"best" by default
--audio-quality QUALITY
Specify ffmpeg/avconv audio quality, insert a value between 0 (better) and 9
(worse) for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)
--recode-video FORMAT
Encode the video to another format if necessary (currently supported:
mp4|flv|ogg|webm|mkv|avi)
--postprocessor-args ARGS
Give these arguments to the postprocessor
-k, --keep-video
Keep the video file on disk after the post- processing; the video is erased by
default
--no-post-overwrites
Do not overwrite post-processed files; the post-processed files are overwritten by
default
--embed-subs
Embed subtitles in the video (only for mkv and mp4 videos)
--embed-thumbnail
Embed thumbnail in the audio as cover art
--add-metadata
Write metadata to the video file
--metadata-from-title FORMAT
Parse additional metadata like song title / artist from the video title. The
format syntax is the same as --output, the parsed parameters replace existing
values. Additional templates: %(album)s, %(artist)s. Example:
--metadata-from-title "%(artist)s - %(title)s" matches a title like "Coldplay -
Paradise"
--xattrs
Write metadata to the video file's xattrs (using dublin core and xdg standards)
--fixup POLICY
Automatically correct known faults of the file. One of never (do nothing), warn
(only emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the default; fix file if we can, warn
otherwise)
--prefer-avconv
Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the postprocessors (default)
--prefer-ffmpeg
Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the postprocessors
--ffmpeg-location PATH
Location of the ffmpeg/avconv binary; either the path to the binary or its
containing directory.
--exec CMD
Execute a command on the file after downloading, similar to find's -exec syntax.
Example: --exec 'adb push {} /sdcard/Music/ && rm {}'
--convert-subs FORMAT
Convert the subtitles to other format (currently supported: srt|ass|vtt)
CONFIGURATION
You can configure youtube-dl by placing any supported command line option to a
configuration file. On Linux, the system wide configuration file is located at
/etc/youtube-dl.conf and the user wide configuration file at ~/.config/youtube-dl/config.
On Windows, the user wide configuration file locations are %APPDATA%\youtube-dl\config.txt
or C:\Users\<user name>\youtube-dl.conf. For example, with the following configuration
file youtube-dl will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime and use a proxy:
--extract-audio
--no-mtime
--proxy 127.0.0.1:3128
You can use --ignore-config if you want to disable the configuration file for a particular
youtube-dl run.
Authentication with .netrc file
You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support
authentication (by providing login and password with --username and --password) in order
not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every youtube-dl execution and
prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this
using a .netrc file (http://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on per extractor basis.
For that you will need to create a.netrc file in your $HOME and restrict permissions to
read/write by you only:
touch $HOME/.netrc
chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc
After that you can add credentials for extractor in the following format, where extractor
is the name of extractor in lowercase:
machine <extractor> login <login> password <password>
For example:
machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password
To activate authentication with the .netrc file you should pass --netrc to youtube-dl or
place it in the configuration file (#configuration).
On Windows you may also need to setup the %HOME% environment variable manually.
OUTPUT TEMPLATE
The -o option allows users to indicate a template for the output file names. The basic
usage is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in
youtube-dl -o funny_video.flv "http://some/video". However, it may contain special
sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences have
the format %(NAME)s. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in
parentheses, followed by a lowercase S. Allowed names are:
• id: Video identifier
• title: Video title
• url: Video URL
• ext: Video filename extension
• alt_title: A secondary title of the video
• display_id: An alternative identifier for the video
• uploader: Full name of the video uploader
• creator: The main artist who created the video
• release_date: The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released
• timestamp: UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available
• upload_date: Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)
• uploader_id: Nickname or id of the video uploader
• location: Physical location where the video was filmed
• duration: Length of the video in seconds
• view_count: How many users have watched the video on the platform
• like_count: Number of positive ratings of the video
• dislike_count: Number of negative ratings of the video
• repost_count: Number of reposts of the video
• average_rating: Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage
• comment_count: Number of comments on the video
• age_limit: Age restriction for the video (years)
• format: A human-readable description of the format
• format_id: Format code specified by --format
• format_note: Additional info about the format
• width: Width of the video
• height: Height of the video
• resolution: Textual description of width and height
• tbr: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s
• abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s
• acodec: Name of the audio codec in use
• asr: Audio sampling rate in Hertz
• vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s
• fps: Frame rate
• vcodec: Name of the video codec in use
• container: Name of the container format
• filesize: The number of bytes, if known in advance
• filesize_approx: An estimate for the number of bytes
• protocol: The protocol that will be used for the actual download
• extractor: Name of the extractor
• extractor_key: Key name of the extractor
• epoch: Unix epoch when creating the file
• autonumber: Five-digit number that will be increased with each download, starting at
zero
• playlist: Name or id of the playlist that contains the video
• playlist_index: Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according
to the total length of the playlist
Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section: - chapter: Name
or title of the chapter the video belongs to - chapter_number: Number of the chapter the
video belongs to - chapter_id: Id of the chapter the video belongs to
Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme: - series: Title of
the series or programme the video episode belongs to - season: Title of the season the
video episode belongs to - season_number: Number of the season the video episode belongs
to - season_id: Id of the season the video episode belongs to - episode: Title of the
video episode - episode_number: Number of the video episode within a season - episode_id:
Id of the video episode
Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in output template will be replaced by the
actual value corresponding to the sequence name. Note that some of the sequences are not
guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by particular
extractor, such sequences will be replaced with NA.
For example for -o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s and mp4 video with title youtube-dl test video
and id BaW_jenozKcj this will result in a youtube-dl test video-BaW_jenozKcj.mp4 file
created in the current directory.
Output template can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g.
-o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' that will result in downloading
each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will
be automatically created for you.
To specify percent literal in output template use %%. To output to stdout use -o -.
The current default template is %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s.
In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when
transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an
8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the --restrict-filenames flag to get a shorter
title:
Examples (note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single):
$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc
youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.mp4 # All kinds of weird characters
$ youtube-dl --get-filename -o '%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
youtube-dl_test_video_.mp4 # A simple file name
# Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
$ youtube-dl -o '%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re
# Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
$ youtube-dl -u user -p password -o '~/MyVideos/%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s' https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial/
# Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
$ youtube-dl -o "C:/MyVideos/%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" http://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617
# Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
$ youtube-dl -o - BaW_jenozKc
FORMAT SELECTION
By default youtube-dl tries to download the best available quality, i.e. if you want the
best quality you don't need to pass any special options, youtube-dl will guess it for you
by default.
But sometimes you may want to download in a different format, for example when you are on
a slow or intermittent connection. The key mechanism for achieving this is so called
format selection based on which you can explicitly specify desired format, select formats
based on some criterion or criteria, setup precedence and much more.
The general syntax for format selection is --format FORMAT or shorter -f FORMAT where
FORMAT is a selector expression, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you
would like to download.
The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with -f 22 you can download
the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes
for particular video using --list-formats or -F. Note that these format codes are
extractor specific.
You can also use a file extension (currently 3gp, aac, flv, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm
are supported) to download best quality format of particular file extension served as a
single file, e.g. -f webm will download best quality format with webm extension served as
a single file.
You can also use special names to select particular edge case format: - best: Select best
quality format represented by single file with video and audio - worst: Select worst
quality format represented by single file with video and audio - bestvideo: Select best
quality video only format (e.g. DASH video), may not be available - worstvideo: Select
worst quality video only format, may not be available - bestaudio: Select best quality
audio only format, may not be available - worstaudio: Select worst quality audio only
format, may not be available
For example, to download worst quality video only format you can use -f worstvideo.
If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available,
you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that slash is
left-associative, i.e. formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example
-f 22/17/18 will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format
17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it
will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.
If you want to download several formats of the same video use comma as a separator, e.g.
-f 22,17,18 will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or
more sophisticated example combined with precedence feature
-f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio.
You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in
-f "best[height=720]" (or -f "[filesize>10M]").
The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons <, <=, >, >=, = (equals),
!= (not equals): - filesize: The number of bytes, if known in advance - width: Width of
the video, if known - height: Height of the video, if known - tbr: Average bitrate of
audio and video in KBit/s - abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s - vbr: Average video
bitrate in KBit/s - asr: Audio sampling rate in Hertz - fps: Frame rate
Also filtering work for comparisons = (equals), != (not equals), ^= (begins with), $=
(ends with), *= (contains) and following string meta fields: - ext: File extension -
acodec: Name of the audio codec in use - vcodec: Name of the video codec in use -
container: Name of the container format - protocol: The protocol that will be used for the
actual download, lower-case. http, https, rtsp, rtmp, rtmpe, m3u8, or m3u8_native
Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this
solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata
offered by video hoster.
Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?)
after the operator. You can combine format filters, so -f "[height <=? 720][tbr>500]"
selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at
least 500 KBit/s.
You can merge the video and audio of two formats into a single file using
-f <video-format>+<audio-format> (requires ffmpeg or avconv installed), for example
-f bestvideo+bestaudio will download best video only format, best audio only format and
mux them together with ffmpeg/avconv.
Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if you want to
download the best mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use
-f '(mp4,webm)[height<480]'.
Since the end of April 2015 and version 2015.04.26 youtube-dl uses
-f bestvideo+bestaudio/best as default format selection (see #5447, #5456). If ffmpeg or
avconv are installed this results in downloading bestvideo and bestaudio separately and
muxing them together into a single file giving the best overall quality available.
Otherwise it falls back to best and results in downloading the best available quality
served as a single file. best is also needed for videos that don't come from YouTube
because they don't provide the audio and video in two different files. If you want to
only download some DASH formats (for example if you are not interested in getting videos
with a resolution higher than 1080p), you can add
-f bestvideo[height<=?1080]+bestaudio/best to your configuration file. Note that if you
use youtube-dl to stream to stdout (and most likely to pipe it to your media player then),
i.e. you explicitly specify output template as -o -, youtube-dl still uses -f best format
selection in order to start content delivery immediately to your player and not to wait
until bestvideo and bestaudio are downloaded and muxed.
If you want to preserve the old format selection behavior (prior to youtube-dl
2015.04.26), i.e. you want to download the best available quality media served as a
single file, you should explicitly specify your choice with -f best. You may want to add
it to the configuration file (#configuration) in order not to type it every time you run
youtube-dl.
Examples (note on Windows you may need to use double quotes instead of single):
# Download best mp4 format available or any other best if no mp4 available
$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[ext=mp4]+bestaudio[ext=m4a]/best[ext=mp4]/best'
# Download best format available but not better that 480p
$ youtube-dl -f 'bestvideo[height<=480]+bestaudio/best[height<=480]'
# Download best video only format but no bigger that 50 MB
$ youtube-dl -f 'best[filesize<50M]'
# Download best format available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol
$ youtube-dl -f '(bestvideo+bestaudio/best)[protocol^=http]'
VIDEO SELECTION
Videos can be filtered by their upload date using the options --date, --datebefore or
--dateafter. They accept dates in two formats:
• Absolute dates: Dates in the format YYYYMMDD.
• Relative dates: Dates in the format (now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)(s)?
Examples:
# Download only the videos uploaded in the last 6 months
$ youtube-dl --dateafter now-6months
# Download only the videos uploaded on January 1, 1970
$ youtube-dl --date 19700101
$ # Download only the videos uploaded in the 200x decade
$ youtube-dl --dateafter 20000101 --datebefore 20091231
FAQ
How do I update youtube-dl?
If you've followed our manual installation instructions (http://rg3.github.io/youtube-
dl/download.html), you can simply run youtube-dl -U (or, on Linux, sudo youtube-dl -U).
If you have used pip, a simple sudo pip install -U youtube-dl is sufficient to update.
If you have installed youtube-dl using a package manager like apt-get or yum, use the
standard system update mechanism to update. Note that distribution packages are often
outdated. As a rule of thumb, youtube-dl releases at least once a month, and often weekly
or even daily. Simply go to http://yt-dl.org/ to find out the current version.
Unfortunately, there is nothing we youtube-dl developers can do if your distribution
serves a really outdated version. You can (and should) complain to your distribution in
their bugtracker or support forum.
As a last resort, you can also uninstall the version installed by your package manager and
follow our manual installation instructions. For that, remove the distribution's package,
with a line like
sudo apt-get remove -y youtube-dl
Afterwards, simply follow our manual installation instructions
(http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html):
sudo wget https://yt-dl.org/latest/youtube-dl -O /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/youtube-dl
hash -r
Again, from then on you'll be able to update with sudo youtube-dl -U.
I'm getting an error
Unable to extract OpenGraph title on YouTube playlists
YouTube changed their playlist format in March 2014 and later on, so you'll need at least
youtube-dl 2014.07.25 to download all YouTube videos.
If you have installed youtube-dl with a package manager, pip, setup.py or a tarball,
please use that to update. Note that Ubuntu packages do not seem to get updated anymore.
Since we are not affiliated with Ubuntu, there is little we can do. Feel free to report
bugs (https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/youtube-dl/+filebug) to the Ubuntu
packaging guys (mailto:ubuntu-
motu@lists.ubuntu.com?subject=outdated%20version%20of%20youtube-dl) - all they have to do
is update the package to a somewhat recent version. See above for a way to update.
Do I always have to pass -citw?
By default, youtube-dl intends to have the best options (incidentally, if you have a
convincing case that these should be different, please file an issue where you explain
that (https://yt-dl.org/bug)). Therefore, it is unnecessary and sometimes harmful to copy
long option strings from webpages. In particular, the only option out of -citw that is
regularly useful is -i.
Can you please put the -b option back?
Most people asking this question are not aware that youtube-dl now defaults to downloading
the highest available quality as reported by YouTube, which will be 1080p or 720p in some
cases, so you no longer need the -b option. For some specific videos, maybe YouTube does
not report them to be available in a specific high quality format you're interested in.
In that case, simply request it with the -f option and youtube-dl will try to download it.
I get HTTP error 402 when trying to download a video. What's
this?
Apparently YouTube requires you to pass a CAPTCHA test if you download too much. We're
considering to provide a way to let you solve the CAPTCHA (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/issues/154), but at the moment, your best course of action is pointing a webbrowser to
the youtube URL, solving the CAPTCHA, and restart youtube-dl.
Do I need any other programs?
youtube-dl works fine on its own on most sites. However, if you want to convert
video/audio, you'll need avconv (https://libav.org/) or ffmpeg (https://www.ffmpeg.org/).
On some sites - most notably YouTube - videos can be retrieved in a higher quality format
without sound. youtube-dl will detect whether avconv/ffmpeg is present and automatically
pick the best option.
Videos or video formats streamed via RTMP protocol can only be downloaded when rtmpdump
(https://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu/) is installed. Downloading MMS and RTSP videos requires
either mplayer (http://mplayerhq.hu/) or mpv (https://mpv.io/) to be installed.
I have downloaded a video but how can I play it?
Once the video is fully downloaded, use any video player, such as vlc
(http://www.videolan.org) or mplayer (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/).
I extracted a video URL with -g, but it does not play on
another machine / in my webbrowser.
It depends a lot on the service. In many cases, requests for the video (to download/play
it) must come from the same IP address and with the same cookies. Use the --cookies
option to write the required cookies into a file, and advise your downloader to read
cookies from that file. Some sites also require a common user agent to be used, use
--dump-user-agent to see the one in use by youtube-dl.
It may be beneficial to use IPv6; in some cases, the restrictions are only applied to
IPv4. Some services (sometimes only for a subset of videos) do not restrict the video URL
by IP address, cookie, or user-agent, but these are the exception rather than the rule.
Please bear in mind that some URL protocols are not supported by browsers out of the box,
including RTMP. If you are using -g, your own downloader must support these as well.
If you want to play the video on a machine that is not running youtube-dl, you can relay
the video content from the machine that runs youtube-dl. You can use -o - to let
youtube-dl stream a video to stdout, or simply allow the player to download the files
written by youtube-dl in turn.
ERROR: no fmt_url_map or conn information found in video info
YouTube has switched to a new video info format in July 2011 which is not supported by old
versions of youtube-dl. See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update
youtube-dl.
ERROR: unable to download video
YouTube requires an additional signature since September 2012 which is not supported by
old versions of youtube-dl. See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl) for how to update
youtube-dl.
Video URL contains an ampersand and I'm getting some strange
output [1] 2839 or 'v' is not recognized as an internal or external command
That's actually the output from your shell. Since ampersand is one of the special shell
characters it's interpreted by the shell preventing you from passing the whole URL to
youtube-dl. To disable your shell from interpreting the ampersands (or any other special
characters) you have to either put the whole URL in quotes or escape them with a backslash
(which approach will work depends on your shell).
For example if your URL is https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc you should end
up with following command:
youtube-dl 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc'
or
youtube-dl https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4\&v=BaW_jenozKc
For Windows you have to use the double quotes:
youtube-dl "https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=4&v=BaW_jenozKc"
ExtractorError: Could not find JS function u'OF'
In February 2015, the new YouTube player contained a character sequence in a string that
was misinterpreted by old versions of youtube-dl. See above (#how-do-i-update-youtube-dl)
for how to update youtube-dl.
HTTP Error 429: Too Many Requests or 402: Payment Required
These two error codes indicate that the service is blocking your IP address because of
overuse. Contact the service and ask them to unblock your IP address, or - if you have
acquired a whitelisted IP address already - use the --proxy or --source-address options
(#network-options) to select another IP address.
SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character
The error
File "youtube-dl", line 2
SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character '\x93' ...
means you're using an outdated version of Python. Please update to Python 2.6 or 2.7.
What is this binary file? Where has the code gone?
Since June 2012 (#342) youtube-dl is packed as an executable zipfile, simply unzip it
(might need renaming to youtube-dl.zip first on some systems) or clone the git repository,
as laid out above. If you modify the code, you can run it by executing the __main__.py
file. To recompile the executable, run make youtube-dl.
The exe throws a Runtime error from Visual C++
To run the exe you need to install first the Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Redistributable
Package (http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29).
On Windows, how should I set up ffmpeg and youtube-dl? Where should
I put the exe files?
If you put youtube-dl and ffmpeg in the same directory that you're running the command
from, it will work, but that's rather cumbersome.
To make a different directory work - either for ffmpeg, or for youtube-dl, or for both -
simply create the directory (say, C:\bin, or C:\Users\<User name>\bin), put all the
executables directly in there, and then set your PATH environment variable
(https://www.java.com/en/download/help/path.xml) to include that directory.
From then on, after restarting your shell, you will be able to access both youtube-dl and
ffmpeg (and youtube-dl will be able to find ffmpeg) by simply typing youtube-dl or ffmpeg,
no matter what directory you're in.
How do I put downloads into a specific folder?
Use the -o to specify an output template (#output-template), for example
-o "/home/user/videos/%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s". If you want this for all of your
downloads, put the option into your configuration file (#configuration).
How do I download a video starting with a -?
Either prepend http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= or separate the ID from the options with
--:
youtube-dl -- -wNyEUrxzFU
youtube-dl "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wNyEUrxzFU"
How do I pass cookies to youtube-dl?
Use the --cookies option, for example --cookies /path/to/cookies/file.txt. Note that the
cookies file must be in Mozilla/Netscape format and the first line of the cookies file
must be either # HTTP Cookie File or # Netscape HTTP Cookie File. Make sure you have
correct newline format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newline) in the cookies file and
convert newlines if necessary to correspond with your OS, namely CRLF (\r\n) for Windows,
LF (\n) for Linux and CR (\r) for Mac OS. HTTP Error 400: Bad Request when using
--cookies is a good sign of invalid newline format.
Passing cookies to youtube-dl is a good way to workaround login when a particular
extractor does not implement it explicitly. Another use case is working around CAPTCHA
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAPTCHA) some websites require you to solve in particular
cases in order to get access (e.g. YouTube, CloudFlare).
Can you add support for this anime video site, or site which shows
current movies for free?
As a matter of policy (as well as legality), youtube-dl does not include support for
services that specialize in infringing copyright. As a rule of thumb, if you cannot
easily find a video that the service is quite obviously allowed to distribute (i.e. that
has been uploaded by the creator, the creator's distributor, or is published under a free
license), the service is probably unfit for inclusion to youtube-dl.
A note on the service that they don't host the infringing content, but just link to those
who do, is evidence that the service should not be included into youtube-dl. The same
goes for any DMCA note when the whole front page of the service is filled with videos they
are not allowed to distribute. A "fair use" note is equally unconvincing if the service
shows copyright-protected videos in full without authorization.
Support requests for services that do purchase the rights to distribute their content are
perfectly fine though. If in doubt, you can simply include a source that mentions the
legitimate purchase of content.
How can I speed up work on my issue?
(Also known as: Help, my important issue not being solved!) The youtube-dl core developer
team is quite small. While we do our best to solve as many issues as possible, sometimes
that can take quite a while. To speed up your issue, here's what you can do:
First of all, please do report the issue at our issue tracker (https://yt-dl.org/bugs).
That allows us to coordinate all efforts by users and developers, and serves as a unified
point. Unfortunately, the youtube-dl project has grown too large to use personal email as
an effective communication channel.
Please read the bug reporting instructions (#bugs) below. A lot of bugs lack all the
necessary information. If you can, offer proxy, VPN, or shell access to the youtube-dl
developers. If you are able to, test the issue from multiple computers in multiple
countries to exclude local censorship or misconfiguration issues.
If nobody is interested in solving your issue, you are welcome to take matters into your
own hands and submit a pull request (or coerce/pay somebody else to do so).
Feel free to bump the issue from time to time by writing a small comment ("Issue is still
present in youtube-dl version ...from France, but fixed from Belgium"), but please not
more than once a month. Please do not declare your issue as important or urgent.
How can I detect whether a given URL is supported by youtube-dl?
For one, have a look at the list of supported sites (docs/supportedsites.md). Note that
it can sometimes happen that the site changes its URL scheme (say, from
http://example.com/video/1234567 to http://example.com/v/1234567 ) and youtube-dl reports
an URL of a service in that list as unsupported. In that case, simply report a bug.
It is not possible to detect whether a URL is supported or not. That's because youtube-dl
contains a generic extractor which matches all URLs. You may be tempted to disable,
exclude, or remove the generic extractor, but the generic extractor not only allows users
to extract videos from lots of websites that embed a video from another service, but may
also be used to extract video from a service that it's hosting itself. Therefore, we
neither recommend nor support disabling, excluding, or removing the generic extractor.
If you want to find out whether a given URL is supported, simply call youtube-dl with it.
If you get no videos back, chances are the URL is either not referring to a video or
unsupported. You can find out which by examining the output (if you run youtube-dl on the
console) or catching an UnsupportedError exception if you run it from a Python program.
DEVELOPER INSTRUCTIONS
Most users do not need to build youtube-dl and can download the builds
(http://rg3.github.io/youtube-dl/download.html) or get them from their distribution.
To run youtube-dl as a developer, you don't need to build anything either. Simply execute
python -m youtube_dl
To run the test, simply invoke your favorite test runner, or execute a test file directly;
any of the following work:
python -m unittest discover
python test/test_download.py
nosetests
If you want to create a build of youtube-dl yourself, you'll need
• python
• make
• pandoc
• zip
• nosetests
Adding support for a new site
If you want to add support for a new site, you can follow this quick list (assuming your
service is called yourextractor):
1. Fork this repository (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/fork)
2. Check out the source code with
git clone git@github.com:YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME/youtube-dl.git
3. Start a new git branch with cd youtube-dl; git checkout -b yourextractor
4. Start with this simple template and save it to youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py:
# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from .common import InfoExtractor
class YourExtractorIE(InfoExtractor):
_VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?yourextractor\.com/watch/(?P<id>[0-9]+)'
_TEST = {
'url': 'http://yourextractor.com/watch/42',
'md5': 'TODO: md5 sum of the first 10241 bytes of the video file (use --test)',
'info_dict': {
'id': '42',
'ext': 'mp4',
'title': 'Video title goes here',
'thumbnail': 're:^https?://.*\.jpg$',
# TODO more properties, either as:
# * A value
# * MD5 checksum; start the string with md5:
# * A regular expression; start the string with re:
# * Any Python type (for example int or float)
}
}
def _real_extract(self, url):
video_id = self._match_id(url)
webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
# TODO more code goes here, for example ...
title = self._html_search_regex(r'<h1>(.+?)</h1>', webpage, 'title')
return {
'id': video_id,
'title': title,
'description': self._og_search_description(webpage),
'uploader': self._search_regex(r'<div[^>]+id="uploader"[^>]*>([^<]+)<', webpage, 'uploader', fatal=False),
# TODO more properties (see youtube_dl/extractor/common.py)
}
5. Add an import in youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py).
6. Run python test/test_download.py TestDownload.test_YourExtractor. This should fail at
first, but you can continually re-run it until you're done. If you decide to add more
than one test, then rename _TEST to _TESTS and make it into a list of dictionaries.
The tests will then be named TestDownload.test_YourExtractor,
TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_1, TestDownload.test_YourExtractor_2, etc.
7. Have a look at youtube_dl/extractor/common.py (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py) for possible helper methods and a
detailed description of what your extractor should and may return
(https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/extractor/common.py#L62-L200). Add tests and code for as
many as you want.
8. If you can, check the code with flake8 (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/flake8).
9. When the tests pass, add (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-add) the new files and commit
(http://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit) them and push (http://git-scm.com/docs/git-push)
the result, like this:
$ git add youtube_dl/extractor/__init__.py
$ git add youtube_dl/extractor/yourextractor.py
$ git commit -m '[yourextractor] Add new extractor'
$ git push origin yourextractor
10. Finally, create a pull request (https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-
request). We'll then review and merge it.
In any case, thank you very much for your contributions!
EMBEDDING YOUTUBE-DL
youtube-dl makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be
callable from any programming language. If you encounter any problems parsing its output,
feel free to create a report (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/new).
From a Python program, you can embed youtube-dl in a more powerful fashion, like this:
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import youtube_dl
ydl_opts = {}
with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of what can be done, have a
look at youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/blob/master/youtube_dl/YoutubeDL.py#L121-L269). For a start, if you want to intercept
youtube-dl's output, set a logger object.
Here's a more complete example of a program that outputs only errors (and a short message
after the download is finished), and downloads/converts the video to an mp3 file:
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import youtube_dl
class MyLogger(object):
def debug(self, msg):
pass
def warning(self, msg):
pass
def error(self, msg):
print(msg)
def my_hook(d):
if d['status'] == 'finished':
print('Done downloading, now converting ...')
ydl_opts = {
'format': 'bestaudio/best',
'postprocessors': [{
'key': 'FFmpegExtractAudio',
'preferredcodec': 'mp3',
'preferredquality': '192',
}],
'logger': MyLogger(),
'progress_hooks': [my_hook],
}
with youtube_dl.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
ydl.download(['http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])
BUGS
Bugs and suggestions should be reported at: <https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues>.
Unless you were prompted so or there is another pertinent reason (e.g. GitHub fails to
accept the bug report), please do not send bug reports via personal email. For
discussions, join us in the IRC channel #youtube-dl (irc://chat.freenode.net/#youtube-dl)
on freenode (webchat (http://webchat.freenode.net/?randomnick=1&channels=youtube-dl)).
Please include the full output of youtube-dl when run with -v, i.e. add -v flag to your
command line, copy the whole output and post it in the issue body wrapped in ``` for
better formatting. It should look similar to this:
$ youtube-dl -v <your command line>
[debug] System config: []
[debug] User config: []
[debug] Command-line args: [u'-v', u'http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKcj']
[debug] Encodings: locale cp1251, fs mbcs, out cp866, pref cp1251
[debug] youtube-dl version 2015.12.06
[debug] Git HEAD: 135392e
[debug] Python version 2.6.6 - Windows-2003Server-5.2.3790-SP2
[debug] exe versions: ffmpeg N-75573-g1d0487f, ffprobe N-75573-g1d0487f, rtmpdump 2.4
[debug] Proxy map: {}
...
Do not post screenshots of verbose log only plain text is acceptable.
The output (including the first lines) contains important debugging information. Issues
without the full output are often not reproducible and therefore do not get solved in
short order, if ever.
Please re-read your issue once again to avoid a couple of common mistakes (you can and
should use this as a checklist):
Is the description of the issue itself sufficient?
We often get issue reports that we cannot really decipher. While in most cases we
eventually get the required information after asking back multiple times, this poses an
unnecessary drain on our resources. Many contributors, including myself, are also not
native speakers, so we may misread some parts.
So please elaborate on what feature you are requesting, or what bug you want to be fixed.
Make sure that it's obvious
• What the problem is
• How it could be fixed
• How your proposed solution would look like
If your report is shorter than two lines, it is almost certainly missing some of these,
which makes it hard for us to respond to it. We're often too polite to close the issue
outright, but the missing info makes misinterpretation likely. As a committer myself, I
often get frustrated by these issues, since the only possible way for me to move forward
on them is to ask for clarification over and over.
For bug reports, this means that your report should contain the complete output of
youtube-dl when called with the -v flag. The error message you get for (most) bugs even
says so, but you would not believe how many of our bug reports do not contain this
information.
If your server has multiple IPs or you suspect censorship, adding --call-home may be a
good idea to get more diagnostics. If the error is ERROR: Unable to extract ... and you
cannot reproduce it from multiple countries, add --dump-pages (warning: this will yield a
rather large output, redirect it to the file log.txt by adding >log.txt 2>&1 to your
command-line) or upload the .dump files you get when you add --write-pages somewhere
(https://gist.github.com/).
Site support requests must contain an example URL. An example URL is a URL you might want
to download, like http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc. There should be an obvious
video present. Except under very special circumstances, the main page of a video service
(e.g. http://www.youtube.com/) is not an example URL.
Are you using the latest version?
Before reporting any issue, type youtube-dl -U. This should report that you're
up-to-date. About 20% of the reports we receive are already fixed, but people are using
outdated versions. This goes for feature requests as well.
Is the issue already documented?
Make sure that someone has not already opened the issue you're trying to open. Search at
the top of the window or browse the GitHub Issues (https://github.com/rg3/youtube-
dl/search?type=Issues) of this repository. If there is an issue, feel free to write
something along the lines of "This affects me as well, with version 2015.01.01. Here is
some more information on the issue: ...". While some issues may be old, a new post into
them often spurs rapid activity.
Why are existing options not enough?
Before requesting a new feature, please have a quick peek at the list of supported options
(https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/blob/master/README.md#synopsis). Many feature requests
are for features that actually exist already! Please, absolutely do show off your work in
the issue report and detail how the existing similar options do not solve your problem.
Is there enough context in your bug report?
People want to solve problems, and often think they do us a favor by breaking down their
larger problems (e.g. wanting to skip already downloaded files) to a specific request
(e.g. requesting us to look whether the file exists before downloading the info page).
However, what often happens is that they break down the problem into two steps: One
simple, and one impossible (or extremely complicated one).
We are then presented with a very complicated request when the original problem could be
solved far easier, e.g. by recording the downloaded video IDs in a separate file. To
avoid this, you must include the greater context where it is non-obvious. In particular,
every feature request that does not consist of adding support for a new site should
contain a use case scenario that explains in what situation the missing feature would be
useful.
Does the issue involve one problem, and one problem only?
Some of our users seem to think there is a limit of issues they can or should open. There
is no limit of issues they can or should open. While it may seem appealing to be able to
dump all your issues into one ticket, that means that someone who solves one of your
issues cannot mark the issue as closed. Typically, reporting a bunch of issues leads to
the ticket lingering since nobody wants to attack that behemoth, until someone mercifully
splits the issue into multiple ones.
In particular, every site support request issue should only pertain to services at one
site (generally under a common domain, but always using the same backend technology). Do
not request support for vimeo user videos, Whitehouse podcasts, and Google Plus pages in
the same issue. Also, make sure that you don't post bug reports alongside feature
requests. As a rule of thumb, a feature request does not include outputs of youtube-dl
that are not immediately related to the feature at hand. Do not post reports of a network
error alongside the request for a new video service.
Is anyone going to need the feature?
Only post features that you (or an incapacitated friend you can personally talk to)
require. Do not post features because they seem like a good idea. If they are really
useful, they will be requested by someone who requires them.
Is your question about youtube-dl?
It may sound strange, but some bug reports we receive are completely unrelated to
youtube-dl and relate to a different or even the reporter's own application. Please make
sure that you are actually using youtube-dl. If you are using a UI for youtube-dl, report
the bug to the maintainer of the actual application providing the UI. On the other hand,
if your UI for youtube-dl fails in some way you believe is related to youtube-dl, by all
means, go ahead and report the bug.
COPYRIGHT
youtube-dl is released into the public domain by the copyright holders.
This README file was originally written by Daniel Bolton (https://github.com/dbbolton) and
is likewise released into the public domain.
YOUTUBE-DL(1)