Provided by: rsbackup_6.0-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       rsbackup - rsync-based backup utility

SYNOPSIS

       rsbackup [OPTIONS] [--] [SELECTOR...]
       rsbackup --retire [OPTIONS] [--] [SELECTOR...]
       rsbackup --retire-device [OPTIONS] [--] DEVICE...

DESCRIPTION

       rsbackup  backs up files from one or more (remote) destinations to a single backup storage
       directory, preserving their  contents,  layout,  ownership,  permissions,  timestamps  and
       hardlink structure.

       Incremental backups are achieved by hard-linking identical files within successive backups
       of the same files.

       See rsbackup(5) for details of the configuration file.

OPTIONS

   Action Options
       At least one of these options must be specified.  When  multiple  actions  are  specified,
       they are executed in the order shown below.

       --backup, -b
              Make  a  backup of the selected volumes.  At most one backup of a given volume will
              be made per day.

       --retire-device
              Retire the named devices.  Retiring a device only means deleting the records of it.
              Files on the device itself are not touched.

              If  the  device  is  still  listed in the configuration file then you will be asked
              whether you really want to retire it; you can suppress this check with the  --force
              option.

       --retire
              Retire the named hosts and volumes.  Retiring a volume means deleting any available
              backups for the volume and the records of them.  Records corresponding  to  backups
              on unavailable devices are not removed.

              If  you just want to remove backup records for retired volumes but want to keep the
              backups, you should either manually remove  the  records  (see  SCHEMA  below),  or
              rename it within the volume.

              Since  this  command  deletes backups, you will be prompted to confirm it.  You can
              suppress this check with the --force option.

       --forget-only
              With --retire, suppresses deletion of backups,  and  instead  just  drops  database
              records for the hosts and volumes affected.

       --prune, -p
              Prune old backups of selected volumes.  See rsbackup(5) for details how how pruning
              is controlled.

       --prune-incomplete,-P
              Prune incomplete backups of selected  volumes.   Any  backups  that  failed  before
              completion will be removed.

       --html PATH, -H PATH
              Write  an  HTML  report  to PATH.  The report covers all volumes, not just selected
              ones.  PATH can be - to write to standard output.

       --text PATH, -T PATH
              Write a plain text report to  PATH.   The  report  covers  all  volumes,  not  just
              selected ones.  PATH can be - to write to standard output.

       --email ADDRESS, -e ADDRESS
              Email  a report to ADDRESS.  The contents is equivalent to the output of --text and
              --html.

       --dump-config
              Writes the parsed configuration file to standard output.  Must not be combined with
              any other action option.

              With --verbose, the configuration file is annotated with descriptive comments.

   General Options
       --config PATH, -c PATH
              The path to the configuration file.  The default is /etc/rsbackup/config.

       --store PATH, -s PATH
              Specify  the destination directory to back up to.  Using this option (possibly more
              than once) is equivalent to removing the store directives  from  the  configuration
              file and replacing them with the paths give in --store options.

              This option implicitly enables the --warn-store option.

       --unmounted-store PATH
              Equivalent to --store except that the store does not have to be a mount point.

       --verbose, -v
              Enable verbose mode.  Various messages will be displayed to report progress and the
              rsync --quiet option is suppressed.

       --dry-run, -n
              Enable dry-run mode.  Commands will be displayed but nothing will actually be done.

       --force, -f
              Suppress checks made when retiring devices and volumes.

       --wait, -w
              Waits rather than giving up if another copy of rsbackup is running.

       --database, -D PATH
              Override the path to the backup database.

       --help, -h
              Display a usage message.

       --version, -V
              Display the version number.

   Report Verbosity
       --logs VERBOSITY
              Controls which logfiles for a given volume/device pair to include  in  the  report.
              The possible values of VERBOSITY are:

              all    Includes all nonempty logfiles, even if the backup succeeded.

              errors Includes all error logfiles.

              recent Includes only the most recent error logfile.

              latest Includes only the latest logfile, even if the backup succeeded.

              failed Includes only the most recent logfile but only if that attempt failed.  This
                     is the default.

   Warning Options
       --warn-unknown
              Display warnings for unknown devices, hosts and volumes.  (Warnings will always  be
              included in the report, this refers to runtime error output.)

       --warn-store
              Display warnings for unsuitable store directories and unavailable devices.

       --warn-unreachable
              Display warnings for unreachable hosts.

       --no-warn-partial
              Suppress  warnings  for  rsync  "partial  transfer"  diagnostics  (which  are on by
              default).

       --warn-all, -W
              Enable all --warn- options.

       --no-errors
              Suppress display of errors from rsync.

   Volume Selection
       The list of selectors on the command line determines what subset of the known volumes  are
       backed up, pruned or retired.  The following selectors are possible:

       HOST            Select all volumes for the host.

       HOST:VOLUME     Select the volume.

       -HOST           Deselect all volumes for the host.

       -HOST:VOLUME    Deselect the volume.

       *               Select all volumes.

       If no hosts or volumes are specified on the command line then all volumes are selected for
       backing up or pruning.  For retiring, you must  explicitly  select  hosts  or  volumes  to
       retire and only positive selections are possible.

BACKUP LIFECYCLE

   Adding A New Host
       To add a new host create a host entry for it in the configuration file.

       To  back  up  the  local host, specify hostname localhost.  Otherwise you can usually omit
       hostname.

       You  may  want  to  set  host-wide  values  for  prune-parameter  prune-age,  max-age  and
       prune-parameter min-backups.

       A host with no volumes has no effect.

   Adding A New Volume
       To  add  a  new  volume  create  a volume entry for it in the relevant host section of the
       configuration file.

       Add exclude options to skip files you don't want to back up.  This might include temporary
       files and the contents of "trash" directories.

       If  the  volume  contains  mount  points,  and  you  want  to  back up the contents of the
       subsiduary filesystems, then be sure to include the traverse option.

       You may  want  to  set  per-volume  values  for  prune-parameter  prune-age,  max-age  and
       prune-parameter min-backups.

   Adding A New Device
       To  add  a  new  device,  format and mount it and create a device-id file in its top-level
       directory.  Add a device entry for  it  in  the  configuration  file  and  a  store  entry
       mentioning its usual mount point.

       Under  normal  circumstances  you  should make sure that the backup filesystem is owned by
       root and mode 0700.

   Making Backups
       To backup up all available volumes to all available devices:

           rsbackup --backup

       You will probably want to automate this.  To only back up a limited set of volumes specify
       selection arguments on the command line.

   Pruning Backups
       To prune old backups:

           rsbackup --prune --prune-incomplete

       You will probably want to automate this.

       An  "incomplete  backup"  occurs  when a backup of a volume fails or is interrupted before
       completion.  They are not immediately deleted because rsync may be able to use  the  files
       already transferred to save effort on subsequent backups on the same day, or (if there are
       no complete backups to use for this purpose) later days.

   Retiring A Host
       Retiring a host means removing all backups for it.  The suggested approach  is  to  remove
       configuration  for  it and then use rsbackup --retire HOST to remove its backups too.  You
       can do this the other way around but you will be prompted to check  you  really  meant  to
       remove backups for a host still listed in the configuration file.

       If  any  of the backups for the host are on a retired device you should retire that device
       first.

   Retiring A Volume
       Retiring a volume means removing all backups for it.  It is almost the same as retiring  a
       whole host but the command is rsbackup --retire HOST:VOLUME.

       You can retire multiple hosts and volumes in a single command.

   Retiring A Device
       Retiring  a  device  just means removing the records for it.  Use rsbackup --retire-device
       DEVICE to do this.  The contents of the device are not modified; if you want that you must
       do it manually.

       You can retire multiple devices in a single command.

RESTORING

       Restore costs extra l-)

   Manual Restore
       The  backup has the same layout, permissions etc as the original system, so it's perfectly
       possible to simply copy files from a backup directory to their proper location.

       Be careful to get file ownership right.  The backup is stored with the same  numeric  user
       and group ID as the original system used.

       Until  a  backup  is  completed, or while one is being pruned, a corresponding .incomplete
       file will exist.  Check for such a file before restoring any given backup.

   Restoring With rsync
       Supposing that host chymax has a volume called users in which user  home  directories  are
       backed  up,  and  user  rjk  wants  their entire home directory to be restored, an example
       restore command might be:

           rsync -aSHAXz --numeric-ids /store/chymax/users/2010-04-01/rjk/. chymax:~rjk/.

       You could add the --delete option if you wanted to restore to exactly the status quo ante,
       or  at  the  opposite extreme --existing if you only wanted to restore files that had been
       deleted.

       You might prefer to rsync back into a staging area and then pick files out manually.

   Restoring with tar
       You could tar up a backup directory (or a subset of it) and then untar it on  the  target.
       Remember to use the --numeric-owner option to tar.

STORE VALIDITY

       A store may be in the following states:

       available
              The store can be used for a backup.

       unavailable
              The  store  cannot  be used for a backup.  Normally this does not generate an error
              but --warn-store can be used to report warnings for all unavailable stores, and  if
              no store is available then the problems with the unavailable stores are described.

       bad    The store cannot be used for a backup.  This always generates an error message, but
              does not prevent backups to other stores taking place.

       fatally broken
              The store cannot be used for a backup.  The program will be terminated.

       The states are recognized using the following tests (in this order):

       •      If the store path does not exist, the store is bad.

       •      If the store does not have a device-id file then it is unavailable.  If it has  one
              but reading it raises an error then it is bad.

       •      If the store's device-id file contains an unknown device name then it is bad.

       •      If  the store's device-id file names the same device as some other store then it is
              fatally broken.

       •      If the store is not owned by root then it is bad.  This  check  can  be  overridden
              with the public directive.

       •      If  the  store can be read or written by group or world then it is bad.  This check
              can be overridden with the public directive.

FILES

       /etc/rsbackup/config
              Configuration file.  See rsbackup(5)

       LOGS/backups.db
              The backup records.  See SCHEMA below.

       STORE/HOST/VOLUME/YYYY-MM-DD
              One backup for a volume.

       STORE/HOST/VOLUME/YYYY-MM-DD.incomplete
              Flag file for an incomplete backup.

SCHEMA

       backups.db is  a  SQLite  database.   It  contains  a  single  table  with  the  following
       definition:

       CREATE TABLE backup (
         host TEXT,
         volume TEXT,
         device TEXT,
         id TEXT,
         time INTEGER,
         pruned INTEGER,
         rc INTEGER,
         status INTEGER,
         log BLOB,
         PRIMARY KEY (host,volume,device,id)
       )

       Each row represents a completed backup.  The meanings of the fields are as follows:

       host      The name of the host the backup was taken from.

       volume    The name of the volume the backup was taken from.

       device    The name of the device the backup was written to.

       id        The unique identifier for the backup.  Currently this is the date the backup was
                 made, in the format YYYY-MM-DD but this may be changed in the future.

       time      The time that the backup was started, as a time_t.

       pruned    The time that backup pruning started (if it is underway) or finished (if  it  is
                 complete), as a time_t.

       rc        The exit status of the backup process.  0 means success.

       status    Status of this backup.  See below.

       log       The log output of rsync(1) and hooks.  If the backup status is pruning or pruned
                 (see below) then this contains the reason for the pruning.

       Possible status values are:

       0      Unknown status.  Not normally seen.

       1      Internally this means the backup is underway.  If seen  externally  after  rsbackup
              terminates it means the backup is incomplete.

       2      Backup is complete.

       3      Backup has failed.

       4      Pruning has started.

       5      Pruning has completed.

       rsbackup  is  not  designed with concurrent access to this table in mind.  Therefore it is
       recommended that you only modify its contents when the program is not running.

HISTORICAL BEHAVIOR

       Older versions of rsbackup stored the logs for each backup in a separate  file.   If  such
       files  are  encountered then rsbackup will automatically populate backups.db from them and
       then delete them.

       Older versions of rsbackup logged pruning information to a pruning logfile.   These  files
       will  be  deleted at the same rate as records of pruned backups in the database.  They are
       not included in the report.

SEE ALSO

       rsbackup-graph(1),   rsbackup.cron(1),    rsbackup-mount(1),    rsbackup-snapshot-hook(1),
       rsync(1), rsbackup(5)

AUTHOR

       Richard Kettlewell <rjk@greenend.org.uk>

                                                                                      rsbackup(1)