名称

       mkvextract - 將 Matroska 軌道檔案擷取至其他檔案

概要

       mkvextract {輸入檔名} {模式1} [選項] [擷取規格1] [模式2] [選項] [擷取規格2] [...]

摘要說明

       此程式從 Matroska 檔中提取特定部分到其他有用的格式。第一個參數是原始檔案的名稱，該檔必須是
       Matroska 檔。

       所有其他引數可切換至特定擷取模式，變更目前使用模式的選項，或指定要擷取那些內容至哪個檔案
       中。可在 mkvextract 同一次啟動中使用多個模式，允許一次擷取多個內容。大多數選項只能在特定模
       式下使用，只有少數選項適用於所有模式。

       目前支援軌道(tracks)、標籤(tags)、附件(attachments)、章節(chapters)、CUE 工作表、時間戳
       記(timestamps)與cues的擷取。

   一般選項
       以下選項在所有模式下都可用，本節中僅介紹一次。

       -f, --parse-fully
           Sets the parse mode to 'full'. The default mode does not parse the whole file but uses
           the meta seek elements for locating the required elements of a source file. In 99% of
           all cases this is enough. But for files that do not contain meta seek elements or
           which are damaged the user might have to use this mode. A full scan of a file can take
           a couple of minutes while a fast scan only takes seconds.

       --command-line-charset 字元集
           Sets the character set to convert strings given on the command line from. It defaults
           to the character set given by system's current locale.

       --output-charset 字元集
           Sets the character set to which strings are converted that are to be output. It
           defaults to the character set given by system's current locale.

       -r, --redirect-output 檔名
           Writes all messages to the file file-name instead of to the console. While this can be
           done easily with output redirection there are cases in which this option is needed:
           when the terminal reinterprets the output before writing it to a file. The character
           set set with --output-charset is honored.

       --flush-on-close
           Tells the program to flush all data cached in memory to storage when closing files
           opened for writing. This can be used to prevent data loss on power outages or to
           circumvent certain problems in the operating system or drivers. The downside is that
           multiplexing will take longer as mkvmerge will wait until all data has been written to
           the storage before exiting. See issues #2469 and #2480 on the MKVToolNix bug tracker
           for in-depth discussions on the pros and cons.

       --ui-language 語言碼
           Forces the translations for the language code to be used (e.g. 'de_DE' for the German
           translations). Entering 'list' as the code will cause the program to output a list of
           available translations.

       --abort-on-warnings
           Tells the program to abort after the first warning is emitted. The program's exit code
           will be 1.

       --debug 主題
           Turn on debugging for a specific feature. This option is only useful for developers.

       --engage 功能
           Turn on experimental features. A list of available features can be requested with
           mkvextract --engage list. These features are not meant to be used in normal
           situations.

       --gui-mode
           Turns on GUI mode. In this mode specially-formatted lines may be output that can tell
           a controlling GUI what's happening. These messages follow the format '#GUI#message'.
           The message may be followed by key/value pairs as in
           '#GUI#message#key1=value1#key2=value2...'. Neither the messages nor the keys are ever
           translated and always output in English.

       -v, --verbose
           Be verbose and show all the important Matroska elements as they're read.

       -h, --help
           顯示使用方式並退出。

       -V, --version
           顯示版本資訊並離開。

       @options-file.json
           Reads additional command line arguments from the file options-file. For a full
           explanation on the supported formats for such files see the section called "Option
           files" in the mkvmerge(1) man page.

   軌道擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename tracks [options] TID1:dest-filename1
       [TID2:dest-filename2 ...]

       The following command line options are available for each track in the 'tracks' extraction
       mode. They have to appear in front of the track specification (see below) they should be
       applied to.

       -c 字元集
           Sets the character set to convert the next text subtitle track to. Only valid if the
           next track ID targets a text subtitle track. It defaults to UTF-8.

       --blockadd 層級
           Keep only the BlockAdditions up to this level. The default is to keep all levels. This
           option only affects certain kinds of codecs like WAVPACK4.

       --cuesheet
           Causes mkvextract(1) to extract a CUE sheet from the chapter information and tag data
           for the following track into a file whose name is the track's output name with '.cue'
           appended to it.

       --raw
           Extracts the raw data into a file without any container data around it. Unlike the
           --fullraw flag this flag does not cause the contents of the CodecPrivate element to be
           written to the file. This mode works with all CodecIDs, even the ones that
           mkvextract(1) doesn't support otherwise, but the resulting files might not be usable.

       --fullraw
           Extracts the raw data into a file without any container data around it. The contents
           of the CodecPrivate element will be written to the file first if the track contains
           such a header element. This mode works with all CodecIDs, even the ones that
           mkvextract(1) doesn't support otherwise, but the resulting files might not be usable.

       TID:輸出檔名
           Causes extraction of the track with the ID TID into the file outname if such a track
           exists in the source file. This option can be given multiple times. The track IDs are
           the same as the ones output by mkvmerge(1)'s --identify option.

           Each output name should be used only once. The exception are RealAudio and RealVideo
           tracks. If you use the same name for different tracks then those tracks will be saved
           in the same file. Example:

               $ mkvextract input.mkv tracks 0:video.h264 2:output-two-vobsub-tracks.idx 3:output-two-vobsub-tracks.idx

   附件擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename attachments [options] AID1:outname1 [AID2:outname2 ...]

       AID:輸出檔名
           Causes extraction of the attachment with the ID AID into the file outname if such an
           attachment exists in the source file. If the outname is left empty then the name of
           the attachment inside the source Matroska file is used instead. This option can be
           given multiple times. The attachment IDs are the same as the ones output by
           mkvmerge(1)'s --identify option.

   章節擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename chapters [options] output-filename.xml

       -s, --simple
           Exports the chapter information in the simple format used in the OGM tools
           (CHAPTER01=..., CHAPTER01NAME=...). In this mode some information has to be discarded.
           Default is to output the chapters in XML format.

       --simple-language 語言
           If the simple format is enabled then mkvextract(1) will only output a single entry for
           each chapter atom encountered even if a chapter atom contains more than one chapter
           name. By default mkvextract(1) will use the first chapter name found for each atom
           regardless of its language.

           Using this option allows the user to determine which chapter names are output if atoms
           contain more than one chapter name. The language parameter must be an ISO 639-1 or ISO
           639-2 code.

       The chapters are written to specified output file. By default the XML format understood by
       mkvmerge(1) is used. If no chapters are found in the file, the output file is not created.

   標籤擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename tags [options] output-filename.xml

       The tags are written to specified output file in the XML format understood by mkvmerge(1).
       If no tags are found in the file, the output file is not created.

   Cue 工作表擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename cuesheet [options] output-filename.cue

       The cue sheet is written to specified output file. If no chapters or tags are found in the
       file, the output file is not created.

   時間戳記擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename timestamps_v2 [options] TID1:dest-filename1
       [TID2:dest-filename2 ...]

       TID:輸出檔名
           Causes extraction of the timestamps for the track with the ID TID into the file
           outname if such a track exists in the source file. This option can be given multiple
           times. The track IDs are the same as the ones output by mkvmerge(1)'s --identify
           option.

           範例:

               $ mkvextract input.mkv timestamps_v2 1:ts-track1.txt 2:ts-track2.txt

   Cue 擷取模式
       Syntax: mkvextract source-filename cues [options] TID1:dest-filename1 [TID2:dest-filename2
       ...]

       TID:輸出檔名
           Causes extraction of the cues for the track with the ID TID into the file outname if
           such a track exists in the source file. This option can be given multiple times. The
           track IDs are the same as the ones output by mkvmerge(1)'s --identify option and not
           the numbers contained in the CueTrack element.

       The format output is a simple text format: one line per CuePoint element with key=value
       pairs. If an optional element is not present in a CuePoint (e.g.  CueDuration) then a dash
       will be output as the value.

       範例:

           timestamp=00:00:13.305000000 duration=- cluster_position=757741 relative_position=11

       可用的關鍵字:

       時間戳記
           The cue point's timestamp with nanosecond precision. The format is HH:MM:SS.nnnnnnnnn.
           This element is always set.

       時間
           The cue point's duration with nanosecond precision. The format is HH:MM:SS.nnnnnnnnn.

       cluster_position
           The absolute position in bytes inside the Matroska file where the cluster containing
           the referenced element starts.

               注意
               Inside the Matroska file the CueClusterPosition is relative to the segment's data
               start offset. The value output by mkvextract(1)'s cue extraction mode, however,
               contains that offset already and is an absolute offset from the beginning of the
               file.

       relative_position
           The relative position in bytes inside the cluster where the BlockGroup or SimpleBlock
           element the cue point refers to starts.

               注意
               Inside the Matroska file the CueRelativePosition is relative to the cluster's data
               start offset. The value output by mkvextract(1)'s cue extraction mode, however, is
               relative to the cluster's ID. The absolute position inside the file can be
               calculated by adding cluster_position and relative_position.

       範例:

           $ mkvextract input.mkv cues 1:cues-track1.txt 2:cues-track2.txt

範例

       Extracting both chapters and tags in their respective XML formats at the same time:

           $ mkvextract movie.mkv chapters movie-chapters.xml tags movie-tags.xml

       Extracting a couple of tracks and their respective timestamps at the same time:

           $ mkvextract "Another Movie.mkv" tracks 0:video.h265 "1:main audio.aac" "2:director's comments.aac" timestamps_v2 "0:timestamps video.txt" "1:timestamps main audio.txt" "2:timestamps director's comments.txt"

       Extracting chapters in the Ogg/OGM format and re-encoding a text subtitle track to another
       character set:

           $ mkvextract "My Movie.mkv" chapters --simple "My Chapters.txt" tracks -c MS-ANSI "2:My Subtitles.srt"

文字檔和字元集轉換

       For an in-depth discussion about how all tools in the MKVToolNix suite handle character
       set conversions, input/output encoding, command line encoding and console encoding please
       see the identically-named section in the mkvmerge(1) man page.

檔案輸出格式

       The decision about the output format is based on the track type, not on the extension used
       for the output file name. The following track types are supported at the moment:

       A_AAC/MPEG2/*, A_AAC/MPEG4/*, A_AAC
           All AAC files will be written into an AAC file with ADTS headers before each packet.
           The ADTS headers will not contain the deprecated emphasis field.

       A_AC3, A_EAC3
           這將會擷取為 raw AC-3 檔案。

       A_ALAC
           ALAC 軌道將寫入成 CAF 檔案。

       A_DTS
           這將會擷取為 raw DTS 檔案。

       A_FLAC
           FLAC 軌道將寫入成原始 FLAC 檔案。

       A_MPEG/L2
           MPEG-1 Audio Layer II streams will be extracted to raw MP2 files.

       A_MPEG/L3
           這將會擷取為 raw MP3 檔案。

       A_OPUS
           Opus 軌道將寫入成 OggOpus 檔案。

       A_PCM/INT/LIT, A_PCM/INT/BIG
           Raw PCM data will be written to a WAV file. Big-endian integer data will be converted
           to little-endian data in the process.

       A_REAL/*
           RealAudio 軌道將寫入成 RealMedia 檔案。

       A_TRUEHD, A_MLP
           這將會擷取為 raw TrueHD/MLP 檔案。

       A_TTA1
           TrueAudio tracks are written to TTA files. Please note that due to Matroska's limited
           timestamp precision the extracted file's header will be different regarding two
           fields: data_length (the total number of samples in the file) and the CRC.

       A_VORBIS
           Vorbis audio will be written into an OggVorbis file.

       A_WAVPACK4
           WavPack 軌道將寫入成 WV 檔案。

       S_HDMV/PGS
           PGS subtitles will be written as SUP files.

       S_HDMV/TEXTST
           TextST subtitles will be written as a special file format invented for mkvmerge(1) and
           mkvextract(1).

       S_KATE
           Kate streams will be written within an Ogg container.

       S_TEXT/SSA, S_TEXT/ASS, S_SSA, S_ASS
           SSA and ASS text subtitles will be written as SSA/ASS files respectively.

       S_TEXT/UTF8, S_TEXT/ASCII
           Simple text subtitles will be written as SRT files.

       S_VOBSUB
           VobSub subtitles will be written as SUB files along with the respective index files,
           as IDX files.

       S_TEXT/USF
           USF text subtitles will be written as USF files.

       S_TEXT/WEBVTT
           WebVTT text subtitles will be written as WebVTT files.

       V_MPEG1, V_MPEG2
           MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 video tracks will be written as MPEG elementary streams.

       V_MPEG4/ISO/AVC
           H.264 / AVC video tracks are written to H.264 elementary streams which can be
           processed further with e.g.  MP4Box from the GPAC package.

       V_MPEG4/ISO/HEVC
           H.265 / HEVC video tracks are written to H.265 elementary streams which can be
           processed further with e.g.  MP4Box from the GPAC package.

       V_MS/VFW/FOURCC
           Fixed FPS video tracks with this CodecID are written to AVI files.

       V_REAL/*
           RealVideo 軌道將寫入成 RealMedia 檔案。

       V_THEORA
           Theora streams will be written within an Ogg container

       V_VP8, V_VP9
           VP8 / VP9 軌道將寫入成 IVF 檔案。

       標籤
           Tags are converted to a XML format. This format is the same that mkvmerge(1) supports
           for reading tags.

       附件
           Attachments are written to the output file as they are. No conversion whatsoever is
           done.

       章節
           Chapters are converted to a XML format. This format is the same that mkvmerge(1)
           supports for reading chapters. Alternatively a stripped-down version can be output in
           the simple OGM style format.

       時間戳記
           Timestamps are first sorted and then output as a timestamp v2 format compliant file
           ready to be fed to mkvmerge(1). The extraction to other formats (v1, v3 and v4) is not
           supported.

結束代碼

       mkvextract(1) exits with one of three exit codes:

       •   0 -- This exit code means that extraction has completed successfully.

       •   1 -- In this case mkvextract(1) has output at least one warning, but extraction did
           continue. A warning is prefixed with the text 'Warning:'. Depending on the issues
           involved the resulting files might be ok or not. The user is urged to check both the
           warning and the resulting files.

       •   2 -- This exit code is used after an error occurred.  mkvextract(1) aborts right after
           outputting the error message. Error messages range from wrong command line arguments
           over read/write errors to broken files.

環境變數

       mkvextract(1) uses the default variables that determine the system's locale (e.g.  LANG
       and the LC_* family). Additional variables:

       MKVEXTRACT_DEBUG, MKVTOOLNIX_DEBUG 與其的簡短形式 MTX_DEBUG
           The content is treated as if it had been passed via the --debug option.

       MKVEXTRACT_ENGAGE, MKVTOOLNIX_ENGAGE 與其的簡短形式 MTX_ENGAGE
           The content is treated as if it had been passed via the --engage option.

請參閱

       mkvmerge(1), mkvinfo(1), mkvpropedit(1), mkvtoolnix-gui(1)

WWW

       The latest version can always be found at the MKVToolNix homepage[1].

作者

       Moritz Bunkus <moritz@bunkus.org>
           開發人員

备注

        1. the MKVToolNix homepage
           https://mkvtoolnix.download/