NAME

       resize2fs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer

SYNOPSIS

       resize2fs [ -fFpPM ] [ -d debug-flags ] [ -S RAID-stride ] device [ size ]

DESCRIPTION

       The  resize2fs program will resize ext2, ext3, or ext4 file systems.  It can be used to enlarge or shrink
       an unmounted file system located on device.  If the filesystem is mounted, it can be used to  expand  the
       size  of  the  mounted  filesystem,  assuming  the  kernel and the file system supports on-line resizing.
       (Modern Linux 2.6 kernels will support on-line resize for file systems mounted using ext3 and ext4;  ext3
       file systems will require the use of file systems with the resize_inode feature enabled.)

       The  size  parameter  specifies the requested new size of the filesystem.  If no units are specified, the
       units of the size parameter shall be the filesystem blocksize of the filesystem.   Optionally,  the  size
       parameter  may  be suffixed by one of the following the units designators: 's', 'K', 'M', or 'G', for 512
       byte sectors, kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes, respectively.  The size of the filesystem may never  be
       larger  than  the size of the partition.  If size parameter is not specified, it will default to the size
       of the partition.

       Note: when kilobytes is used above, I mean real, power-of-2 kilobytes, (i.e.,  1024  bytes),  which  some
       politically  correct  folks  insist should be the stupid-sounding ``kibibytes''.  The same holds true for
       megabytes, also sometimes known as ``mebibytes'', or gigabytes, as  the  amazingly  silly  ``gibibytes''.
       Makes you want to gibber, doesn't it?

       The  resize2fs  program does not manipulate the size of partitions.  If you wish to enlarge a filesystem,
       you must make sure you can expand the size of the underlying partition first.  This  can  be  done  using
       fdisk(8)  by  deleting the partition and recreating it with a larger size or using lvextend(8), if you're
       using the logical volume manager lvm(8).  When recreating the partition, make sure you create it with the
       same  starting disk cylinder as before!  Otherwise, the resize operation will certainly not work, and you
       may lose your entire filesystem.  After running fdisk(8), run resize2fs to resize the ext2 filesystem  to
       use all of the space in the newly enlarged partition.

       If  you wish to shrink an ext2 partition, first use resize2fs to shrink the size of filesystem.  Then you
       may use fdisk(8) to shrink the size of the partition.  When shrinking the size  of  the  partition,  make
       sure you do not make it smaller than the new size of the ext2 filesystem!

OPTIONS

       -d debug-flags
              Turns on various resize2fs debugging features, if they have been compiled into the binary.  debug-
              flags should be computed by adding the numbers of the desired features from the following list:
                   2    - Debug block relocations
                   4    - Debug inode relocations
                   8    - Debug moving the inode table
                   16   - Print timing information
                   32   - Debug minimum filesystem size (-M) calculation

       -f     Forces resize2fs to proceed with the filesystem resize operation, overriding  some  safety  checks
              which resize2fs normally enforces.

       -F     Flush  the  filesystem  device's  buffer  caches  before  beginning.  Only really useful for doing
              resize2fs time trials.

       -M     Shrink the filesystem to the minimum size.

       -p     Prints out a percentage completion bars for each resize2fs operation during an offline resize,  so
              that the user can keep track of what the program is doing.

       -P     Print the minimum size of the filesystem and exit.

       -S RAID-stride
              The  resize2fs  program  will  heuristically determine the RAID stride that was specified when the
              filesystem was created.  This option allows the user to explicitly specify a RAID  stride  setting
              to be used by resize2fs instead.

KNOWN BUGS

       The minimum size of the filesystem as estimated by resize2fs may be incorrect, especially for filesystems
       with 1k and 2k blocksizes.

AUTHOR

       resize2fs was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.

COPYRIGHT

       Resize2fs is Copyright 1998 by Theodore Ts'o and PowerQuest, Inc.  All rights  reserved.   As  of  April,
       2000 Resize2fs may be redistributed under the terms of the GPL.

SEE ALSO

       fdisk(8), e2fsck(8), mke2fs(8), lvm(8), lvextend(8)