Provided by: nco_4.7.2-1_amd64 
NAME
nces - netCDF Ensemble Statistics
SYNTAX
nces [-3] [-4] [-5] [-6] [-7] [-A] [--bfr sz_byt][-C][-c][--cnk_byt sz_byt][--cnk_csh sz_byt][--cnk_dmn
nm,sz_lmn] [--cnk_map map] [--cnk_min sz_byt] [--cnk_plc plc] [--cnk_scl sz_lmn][-D dbg_lvl] [-d dim,[
min][,[ max]]] [--dbl|flt] [-F] [--fl_fmt=fmt] [-G gpe_dsc] [-g grp[,...]] [-h] [--hdf] [--hdr_pad
sz_byt] [-L dfl_lvl] [-l path] [--msa] [-N] [-n loop] [--no_cll_msr] [--no_frm_trm] [--no_tmp_fl]
[--nsm_sfx grp_sfx] [-O] [-p path] [--ppc var1[, var2[,...]]= prc]] [-R] [-r] [--ram_all] [-t thr_nbr]
[--unn] [-v var[,...]] [-X box] [-x] [-y op_typ] input-files output-file
DESCRIPTION
nces performs gridpoint averages of variables across an arbitrary number (an ensemble) of input files,
with each file receiving an equal weight in the average. Each variable in the output-file will be the
same size as the same variable in any one of the in the input-files, and all input-files must be the same
size. Whereas ncra only performs averages over the record dimension (e.g., time), and weights each
record in the record dimension evenly, nces averages entire files, and weights each file evenly. All
dimensions, including the record dimension, are treated identically and preserved in the output-file.
The file is the logical unit of organization for the results of many scientific studies. Often one
wishes to generate a file which is the gridpoint average of many separate files. This may be to reduce
statistical noise by combining the results of a large number of experiments, or it may simply be a step
in a procedure whose goal is to compute anomalies from a mean state. In any case, when one desires to
generate a file whose properties are the mean of all the input files, then nces is the operator to use.
nces assumes coordinate variable are properties common to all of the experiments and so does not average
them across files. Instead, nces copies the values of the coordinate variables from the first input file
to the output file.
EXAMPLES
Consider a model experiment which generated five realizations of one year of data, say 1985. You can
imagine that the experimenter slightly perturbs the initial conditions of the problem before generating
each new solution. Assume each file contains all twelve months (a seasonal cycle) of data and we want to
produce a single file containing the ensemble average (mean) seasonal cycle. Here the numeric filename
suffix denotes the experiment number (not the month):
nces 85_01.nc 85_02.nc 85_03.nc 85_04.nc 85_05.nc 85.nc
nces 85_0[1-5].nc 85.nc
nces -n 5,2,1 85_01.nc 85.nc
These three commands produce identical answers. The output file, 85.nc, is the same size as the inputs
files. It contains 12 months of data (which might or might not be stored in the record dimension,
depending on the input files), but each value in the output file is the average of the five values in the
input files.
In the previous example, the user could have obtained the ensemble average values in a particular spatio-
temporal region by adding a hyperslab argument to the command, e.g.,
nces -d time,0,2 -d lat,-23.5,23.5 85_??.nc 85.nc
In this case the output file would contain only three slices of data in the time dimension. These three
slices are the average of the first three slices from the input files. Additionally, only data inside
the tropics is included.
AUTHOR
NCO manual pages written by Charlie Zender and originally formatted by Brian Mays.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <http://sf.net/bugs/?group_id=3331>.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 1995-2018 Charlie Zender
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for NCO is maintained as a Texinfo manual called the NCO Users Guide. Because NCO
is mathematical in nature, the documentation includes TeX-intensive portions not viewable on character-
based displays. Hence the only complete and authoritative versions of the NCO Users Guide are the PDF
(recommended), DVI, and Postscript versions at <http://nco.sf.net/nco.pdf>, <http://nco.sf.net/nco.dvi>,
and <http://nco.sf.net/nco.ps>, respectively. HTML and XML versions are available at
<http://nco.sf.net/nco.html> and <http://nco.sf.net/nco.xml>, respectively.
If the info and NCO programs are properly installed at your site, the command
info nco
should give you access to the complete manual, except for the TeX-intensive portions.
ncap(1), ncap2(1), ncatted(1), ncbo(1), ncclimo(1), nces(1), ncecat(1), ncflint(1), ncks(1), nco(1),
ncpdq(1), ncra(1), ncrcat(1), ncremap(1), ncrename(1), ncwa(1)
HOMEPAGE
The NCO homepage at <http://nco.sf.net> contains more information. NCES(1)