Provided by: llvm-7_7.0.1-10build1_amd64 
NAME
FileCheck - Flexible pattern matching file verifier
SYNOPSIS
FileCheck match-filename [–check-prefix=XXX] [–strict-whitespace]
DESCRIPTION
FileCheck reads two files (one from standard input, and one specified on the command line)
and uses one to verify the other. This behavior is particularly useful for the testsuite,
which wants to verify that the output of some tool (e.g. llc) contains the expected
information (for example, a movsd from esp or whatever is interesting). This is similar
to using grep, but it is optimized for matching multiple different inputs in one file in a
specific order.
The match-filename file specifies the file that contains the patterns to match. The file
to verify is read from standard input unless the --input-file option is used.
OPTIONS
-help Print a summary of command line options.
--check-prefix prefix
FileCheck searches the contents of match-filename for patterns to match. By
default, these patterns are prefixed with “CHECK:”. If you’d like to use a
different prefix (e.g. because the same input file is checking multiple different
tool or options), the --check-prefix argument allows you to specify one or more
prefixes to match. Multiple prefixes are useful for tests which might change for
different run options, but most lines remain the same.
--check-prefixes prefix1,prefix2,...
An alias of --check-prefix that allows multiple prefixes to be specified as a comma
separated list.
--input-file filename
File to check (defaults to stdin).
--match-full-lines
By default, FileCheck allows matches of anywhere on a line. This option will
require all positive matches to cover an entire line. Leading and trailing
whitespace is ignored, unless --strict-whitespace is also specified. (Note:
negative matches from CHECK-NOT are not affected by this option!)
Passing this option is equivalent to inserting {{^ *}} or {{^}} before, and {{ *$}}
or {{$}} after every positive check pattern.
--strict-whitespace
By default, FileCheck canonicalizes input horizontal whitespace (spaces and tabs)
which causes it to ignore these differences (a space will match a tab). The
--strict-whitespace argument disables this behavior. End-of-line sequences are
canonicalized to UNIX-style \n in all modes.
--implicit-check-not check-pattern
Adds implicit negative checks for the specified patterns between positive checks.
The option allows writing stricter tests without stuffing them with CHECK-NOTs.
For example, “--implicit-check-not warning:” can be useful when testing diagnostic
messages from tools that don’t have an option similar to clang -verify. With this
option FileCheck will verify that input does not contain warnings not covered by
any CHECK: patterns.
--dump-input-on-failure
When the check fails, dump all of the original input.
--enable-var-scope
Enables scope for regex variables.
Variables with names that start with $ are considered global and remain set
throughout the file.
All other variables get undefined after each encountered CHECK-LABEL.
-D<VAR=VALUE>
Sets a filecheck variable VAR with value VALUE that can be used in CHECK: lines.
-version
Show the version number of this program.
-v Print directive pattern matches.
-vv Print information helpful in diagnosing internal FileCheck issues, such as
discarded overlapping CHECK-DAG: matches, implicit EOF pattern matches, and
CHECK-NOT: patterns that do not have matches. Implies -v.
--allow-deprecated-dag-overlap
Enable overlapping among matches in a group of consecutive CHECK-DAG: directives.
This option is deprecated and is only provided for convenience as old tests are
migrated to the new non-overlapping CHECK-DAG: implementation.
EXIT STATUS
If FileCheck verifies that the file matches the expected contents, it exits with 0.
Otherwise, if not, or if an error occurs, it will exit with a non-zero value.
TUTORIAL
FileCheck is typically used from LLVM regression tests, being invoked on the RUN line of
the test. A simple example of using FileCheck from a RUN line looks like this:
; RUN: llvm-as < %s | llc -march=x86-64 | FileCheck %s
This syntax says to pipe the current file (“%s”) into llvm-as, pipe that into llc, then
pipe the output of llc into FileCheck. This means that FileCheck will be verifying its
standard input (the llc output) against the filename argument specified (the original .ll
file specified by “%s”). To see how this works, let’s look at the rest of the .ll file
(after the RUN line):
define void @sub1(i32* %p, i32 %v) {
entry:
; CHECK: sub1:
; CHECK: subl
%0 = tail call i32 @llvm.atomic.load.sub.i32.p0i32(i32* %p, i32 %v)
ret void
}
define void @inc4(i64* %p) {
entry:
; CHECK: inc4:
; CHECK: incq
%0 = tail call i64 @llvm.atomic.load.add.i64.p0i64(i64* %p, i64 1)
ret void
}
Here you can see some “CHECK:” lines specified in comments. Now you can see how the file
is piped into llvm-as, then llc, and the machine code output is what we are verifying.
FileCheck checks the machine code output to verify that it matches what the “CHECK:” lines
specify.
The syntax of the “CHECK:” lines is very simple: they are fixed strings that must occur in
order. FileCheck defaults to ignoring horizontal whitespace differences (e.g. a space is
allowed to match a tab) but otherwise, the contents of the “CHECK:” line is required to
match some thing in the test file exactly.
One nice thing about FileCheck (compared to grep) is that it allows merging test cases
together into logical groups. For example, because the test above is checking for the
“sub1:” and “inc4:” labels, it will not match unless there is a “subl” in between those
labels. If it existed somewhere else in the file, that would not count: “grep subl”
matches if “subl” exists anywhere in the file.
The FileCheck -check-prefix option
The FileCheck -check-prefix option allows multiple test configurations to be driven from
one .ll file. This is useful in many circumstances, for example, testing different
architectural variants with llc. Here’s a simple example:
; RUN: llvm-as < %s | llc -mtriple=i686-apple-darwin9 -mattr=sse41 \
; RUN: | FileCheck %s -check-prefix=X32
; RUN: llvm-as < %s | llc -mtriple=x86_64-apple-darwin9 -mattr=sse41 \
; RUN: | FileCheck %s -check-prefix=X64
define <4 x i32> @pinsrd_1(i32 %s, <4 x i32> %tmp) nounwind {
%tmp1 = insertelement <4 x i32>; %tmp, i32 %s, i32 1
ret <4 x i32> %tmp1
; X32: pinsrd_1:
; X32: pinsrd $1, 4(%esp), %xmm0
; X64: pinsrd_1:
; X64: pinsrd $1, %edi, %xmm0
}
In this case, we’re testing that we get the expected code generation with both 32-bit and
64-bit code generation.
The “CHECK-NEXT:” directive
Sometimes you want to match lines and would like to verify that matches happen on exactly
consecutive lines with no other lines in between them. In this case, you can use “CHECK:”
and “CHECK-NEXT:” directives to specify this. If you specified a custom check prefix,
just use “<PREFIX>-NEXT:”. For example, something like this works as you’d expect:
define void @t2(<2 x double>* %r, <2 x double>* %A, double %B) {
%tmp3 = load <2 x double>* %A, align 16
%tmp7 = insertelement <2 x double> undef, double %B, i32 0
%tmp9 = shufflevector <2 x double> %tmp3,
<2 x double> %tmp7,
<2 x i32> < i32 0, i32 2 >
store <2 x double> %tmp9, <2 x double>* %r, align 16
ret void
; CHECK: t2:
; CHECK: movl 8(%esp), %eax
; CHECK-NEXT: movapd (%eax), %xmm0
; CHECK-NEXT: movhpd 12(%esp), %xmm0
; CHECK-NEXT: movl 4(%esp), %eax
; CHECK-NEXT: movapd %xmm0, (%eax)
; CHECK-NEXT: ret
}
“CHECK-NEXT:” directives reject the input unless there is exactly one newline between it
and the previous directive. A “CHECK-NEXT:” cannot be the first directive in a file.
The “CHECK-SAME:” directive
Sometimes you want to match lines and would like to verify that matches happen on the same
line as the previous match. In this case, you can use “CHECK:” and “CHECK-SAME:”
directives to specify this. If you specified a custom check prefix, just use
“<PREFIX>-SAME:”.
“CHECK-SAME:” is particularly powerful in conjunction with “CHECK-NOT:” (described below).
For example, the following works like you’d expect:
!0 = !DILocation(line: 5, scope: !1, inlinedAt: !2)
; CHECK: !DILocation(line: 5,
; CHECK-NOT: column:
; CHECK-SAME: scope: ![[SCOPE:[0-9]+]]
“CHECK-SAME:” directives reject the input if there are any newlines between it and the
previous directive. A “CHECK-SAME:” cannot be the first directive in a file.
The “CHECK-EMPTY:” directive
If you need to check that the next line has nothing on it, not even whitespace, you can
use the “CHECK-EMPTY:” directive.
foo
bar
; CHECK: foo
; CHECK-EMPTY:
; CHECK-NEXT: bar
Just like “CHECK-NEXT:” the directive will fail if there is more than one newline before
it finds the next blank line, and it cannot be the first directive in a file.
The “CHECK-NOT:” directive
The “CHECK-NOT:” directive is used to verify that a string doesn’t occur between two
matches (or before the first match, or after the last match). For example, to verify that
a load is removed by a transformation, a test like this can be used:
define i8 @coerce_offset0(i32 %V, i32* %P) {
store i32 %V, i32* %P
%P2 = bitcast i32* %P to i8*
%P3 = getelementptr i8* %P2, i32 2
%A = load i8* %P3
ret i8 %A
; CHECK: @coerce_offset0
; CHECK-NOT: load
; CHECK: ret i8
}
The “CHECK-DAG:” directive
If it’s necessary to match strings that don’t occur in a strictly sequential order,
“CHECK-DAG:” could be used to verify them between two matches (or before the first match,
or after the last match). For example, clang emits vtable globals in reverse order. Using
CHECK-DAG:, we can keep the checks in the natural order:
// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -emit-llvm -o - | FileCheck %s
struct Foo { virtual void method(); };
Foo f; // emit vtable
// CHECK-DAG: @_ZTV3Foo =
struct Bar { virtual void method(); };
Bar b;
// CHECK-DAG: @_ZTV3Bar =
CHECK-NOT: directives could be mixed with CHECK-DAG: directives to exclude strings between
the surrounding CHECK-DAG: directives. As a result, the surrounding CHECK-DAG: directives
cannot be reordered, i.e. all occurrences matching CHECK-DAG: before CHECK-NOT: must not
fall behind occurrences matching CHECK-DAG: after CHECK-NOT:. For example,
; CHECK-DAG: BEFORE
; CHECK-NOT: NOT
; CHECK-DAG: AFTER
This case will reject input strings where BEFORE occurs after AFTER.
With captured variables, CHECK-DAG: is able to match valid topological orderings of a DAG
with edges from the definition of a variable to its use. It’s useful, e.g., when your
test cases need to match different output sequences from the instruction scheduler. For
example,
; CHECK-DAG: add [[REG1:r[0-9]+]], r1, r2
; CHECK-DAG: add [[REG2:r[0-9]+]], r3, r4
; CHECK: mul r5, [[REG1]], [[REG2]]
In this case, any order of that two add instructions will be allowed.
If you are defining and using variables in the same CHECK-DAG: block, be aware that the
definition rule can match after its use.
So, for instance, the code below will pass:
; CHECK-DAG: vmov.32 [[REG2:d[0-9]+]][0]
; CHECK-DAG: vmov.32 [[REG2]][1]
vmov.32 d0[1]
vmov.32 d0[0]
While this other code, will not:
; CHECK-DAG: vmov.32 [[REG2:d[0-9]+]][0]
; CHECK-DAG: vmov.32 [[REG2]][1]
vmov.32 d1[1]
vmov.32 d0[0]
While this can be very useful, it’s also dangerous, because in the case of register
sequence, you must have a strong order (read before write, copy before use, etc). If the
definition your test is looking for doesn’t match (because of a bug in the compiler), it
may match further away from the use, and mask real bugs away.
In those cases, to enforce the order, use a non-DAG directive between DAG-blocks.
A CHECK-DAG: directive skips matches that overlap the matches of any preceding CHECK-DAG:
directives in the same CHECK-DAG: block. Not only is this non-overlapping behavior
consistent with other directives, but it’s also necessary to handle sets of non-unique
strings or patterns. For example, the following directives look for unordered log entries
for two tasks in a parallel program, such as the OpenMP runtime:
// CHECK-DAG: [[THREAD_ID:[0-9]+]]: task_begin
// CHECK-DAG: [[THREAD_ID]]: task_end
//
// CHECK-DAG: [[THREAD_ID:[0-9]+]]: task_begin
// CHECK-DAG: [[THREAD_ID]]: task_end
The second pair of directives is guaranteed not to match the same log entries as the first
pair even though the patterns are identical and even if the text of the log entries is
identical because the thread ID manages to be reused.
The “CHECK-LABEL:” directive
Sometimes in a file containing multiple tests divided into logical blocks, one or more
CHECK: directives may inadvertently succeed by matching lines in a later block. While an
error will usually eventually be generated, the check flagged as causing the error may not
actually bear any relationship to the actual source of the problem.
In order to produce better error messages in these cases, the “CHECK-LABEL:” directive can
be used. It is treated identically to a normal CHECK directive except that FileCheck makes
an additional assumption that a line matched by the directive cannot also be matched by
any other check present in match-filename; this is intended to be used for lines
containing labels or other unique identifiers. Conceptually, the presence of CHECK-LABEL
divides the input stream into separate blocks, each of which is processed independently,
preventing a CHECK: directive in one block matching a line in another block. If
--enable-var-scope is in effect, all local variables are cleared at the beginning of the
block.
For example,
define %struct.C* @C_ctor_base(%struct.C* %this, i32 %x) {
entry:
; CHECK-LABEL: C_ctor_base:
; CHECK: mov [[SAVETHIS:r[0-9]+]], r0
; CHECK: bl A_ctor_base
; CHECK: mov r0, [[SAVETHIS]]
%0 = bitcast %struct.C* %this to %struct.A*
%call = tail call %struct.A* @A_ctor_base(%struct.A* %0)
%1 = bitcast %struct.C* %this to %struct.B*
%call2 = tail call %struct.B* @B_ctor_base(%struct.B* %1, i32 %x)
ret %struct.C* %this
}
define %struct.D* @D_ctor_base(%struct.D* %this, i32 %x) {
entry:
; CHECK-LABEL: D_ctor_base:
The use of CHECK-LABEL: directives in this case ensures that the three CHECK: directives
only accept lines corresponding to the body of the @C_ctor_base function, even if the
patterns match lines found later in the file. Furthermore, if one of these three CHECK:
directives fail, FileCheck will recover by continuing to the next block, allowing multiple
test failures to be detected in a single invocation.
There is no requirement that CHECK-LABEL: directives contain strings that correspond to
actual syntactic labels in a source or output language: they must simply uniquely match a
single line in the file being verified.
CHECK-LABEL: directives cannot contain variable definitions or uses.
FileCheck Pattern Matching Syntax
All FileCheck directives take a pattern to match. For most uses of FileCheck, fixed
string matching is perfectly sufficient. For some things, a more flexible form of
matching is desired. To support this, FileCheck allows you to specify regular expressions
in matching strings, surrounded by double braces: {{yourregex}}. FileCheck implements a
POSIX regular expression matcher; it supports Extended POSIX regular expressions (ERE).
Because we want to use fixed string matching for a majority of what we do, FileCheck has
been designed to support mixing and matching fixed string matching with regular
expressions. This allows you to write things like this:
; CHECK: movhpd {{[0-9]+}}(%esp), {{%xmm[0-7]}}
In this case, any offset from the ESP register will be allowed, and any xmm register will
be allowed.
Because regular expressions are enclosed with double braces, they are visually distinct,
and you don’t need to use escape characters within the double braces like you would in C.
In the rare case that you want to match double braces explicitly from the input, you can
use something ugly like {{[{][{]}} as your pattern.
FileCheck Variables
It is often useful to match a pattern and then verify that it occurs again later in the
file. For codegen tests, this can be useful to allow any register, but verify that that
register is used consistently later. To do this, FileCheck allows named variables to be
defined and substituted into patterns. Here is a simple example:
; CHECK: test5:
; CHECK: notw [[REGISTER:%[a-z]+]]
; CHECK: andw {{.*}}[[REGISTER]]
The first check line matches a regex %[a-z]+ and captures it into the variable REGISTER.
The second line verifies that whatever is in REGISTER occurs later in the file after an
“andw”. FileCheck variable references are always contained in [[ ]] pairs, and their
names can be formed with the regex [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*. If a colon follows the name,
then it is a definition of the variable; otherwise, it is a use.
FileCheck variables can be defined multiple times, and uses always get the latest value.
Variables can also be used later on the same line they were defined on. For example:
; CHECK: op [[REG:r[0-9]+]], [[REG]]
Can be useful if you want the operands of op to be the same register, and don’t care
exactly which register it is.
If --enable-var-scope is in effect, variables with names that start with $ are considered
to be global. All others variables are local. All local variables get undefined at the
beginning of each CHECK-LABEL block. Global variables are not affected by CHECK-LABEL.
This makes it easier to ensure that individual tests are not affected by variables set in
preceding tests.
FileCheck Expressions
Sometimes there’s a need to verify output which refers line numbers of the match file,
e.g. when testing compiler diagnostics. This introduces a certain fragility of the match
file structure, as “CHECK:” lines contain absolute line numbers in the same file, which
have to be updated whenever line numbers change due to text addition or deletion.
To support this case, FileCheck allows using [[@LINE]], [[@LINE+<offset>]],
[[@LINE-<offset>]] expressions in patterns. These expressions expand to a number of the
line where a pattern is located (with an optional integer offset).
This way match patterns can be put near the relevant test lines and include relative line
number references, for example:
// CHECK: test.cpp:[[@LINE+4]]:6: error: expected ';' after top level declarator
// CHECK-NEXT: {{^int a}}
// CHECK-NEXT: {{^ \^}}
// CHECK-NEXT: {{^ ;}}
int a
Matching Newline Characters
To match newline characters in regular expressions the character class [[:space:]] can be
used. For example, the following pattern:
// CHECK: DW_AT_location [DW_FORM_sec_offset] ([[DLOC:0x[0-9a-f]+]]){{[[:space:]].*}}"intd"
matches output of the form (from llvm-dwarfdump):
DW_AT_location [DW_FORM_sec_offset] (0x00000233)
DW_AT_name [DW_FORM_strp] ( .debug_str[0x000000c9] = "intd")
letting us set the FileCheck variable DLOC to the desired value 0x00000233, extracted from
the line immediately preceding “intd”.
AUTHOR
Maintained by The LLVM Team (http://llvm.org/).
COPYRIGHT
2003-2020, LLVM Project