Provided by: sbuild_0.79.0-1ubuntu1_all bug

NAME

       sbuild - build debian packages from source

SYNOPSIS

       sbuild [-h|--help | -V|--version] [-v|--verbose | -q|--quiet] [-D|--debug] [-A|--arch-all]
       [--archive=archive]     [-d|--dist=distribution]      [-c|--chroot=chroot]      [--chroot-
       mode=schroot|sudo|autopkgtest|unshare]  [--arch=architecture] [--arch-any | --no-arch-any]
       [--build=architecture]  [--host=architecture]  [--profiles=profile[,...]]    [-s|--source]
       [--force-orig-source]        [--make-binNMU=changelog-entry]        [--binNMU=NMU-version]
       [--append-to-version=string] [--binNMU-timestamp=timestamp] [--binNMU-changelog=changelog]
       [--build-dir=directory]  [--add-depends=dependency]  [--add-conflicts=dependency]  [--add-
       depends-arch=dependency]             [--add-conflicts-arch=dependency]             [--add-
       depends-indep=dependency]  [--add-conflicts-indep=dependency] [-m|--maintainer=maintainer]
       [-e|--uploader=uploader]            [-k|--keyid=key-id]            [--source-only-changes]
       [--no-source-only-changes]  [-j|--jobs=n]  [--debbuildopt=option] [--debbuildopts=options]
       [--dpkg-source-opt=options]    [--dpkg-source-opts=options]    [--dpkg-file-suffix=suffix]
       [-p|--purge=purge-mode]        [--purge-build=purge-mode]        [--purge-deps=purge-mode]
       [--purge-session=purge-mode]       [-b|--batch]       [-n|--nolog]        [--clean-source]
       [--no-clean-source]     [--run-lintian]     [--no-run-lintian]     [--lintian-opt=options]
       [--lintian-opts=options]  [--run-piuparts]  [--no-run-piuparts]   [--piuparts-opt=options]
       [--piuparts-opts=options]   [--piuparts-root-arg=options]   [--piuparts-root-args=options]
       [--run-autopkgtest]           [--no-run-autopkgtest]           [--autopkgtest-opt=options]
       [--autopkgtest-opts=options]                              [--autopkgtest-root-arg=options]
       [--autopkgtest-root-args=options]                            [--pre-build-commands=string]
       [--chroot-setup-commands=string]                  [--chroot-update-failed-commands=string]
       [--build-deps-failed-commands=string]                   [--starting-build-commands=string]
       [--finished-build-commands=string]                        [--build-failed-commands=string]
       [--chroot-cleanup-commands=string]                          [--post-build-commands=string]
       [--post-build-failed-commands=string]                  [--anything-failed-commands=string]
       [--log-external-command-output] [--log-external-command-error]  [--setup-hook=hook-script]
       [--build-dep-resolver=resolver]         [--resolve-alternatives|--no-resolve-alternatives]
       [--extra-package=package.deb] [--extra-repository=spec]  [--extra-repository-key=file.asc]
       [--build-path=string]              [--autopkgtest-virt-server=schroot|lxc|chroot|qemu|ssh]
       [--autopkgtest-virt-server-opt=string]            [--autopkgtest-virt-server-opts=options]
       [--purge-extra-packages] [--bd-uninstallable-explainer=dose3|apt] [PACKAGE[.dsc]]

DESCRIPTION

       sbuild  rebuilds  Debian  binary packages from the corresponding Debian source, installing
       any missing source dependencies.  The  build  takes  place  in  a  dedicated  clean  build
       environment,  rather  than  on  the  host  system. For an overview of the supported chroot
       backends see the section CHROOT MODES.

       sbuild can fetch the Debian source over  a  network,  or  it  can  use  locally  available
       sources.

       sbuild  is given a packages to process as the argument PACKAGE[.dsc].  This argument is in
       the form of either a debianized package source directory, a source package name along with
       a  version  in  the  form  package_version,  a  source package name, or a .dsc file. If no
       arguments are given, the current working directory is passed as an argument.

       For arguments given as source directories, dpkg-source is first run to  produce  a  source
       .dsc  file.  Then, the package is built using the .dsc produced. For arguments in the form
       package_version or package, apt is used to download  the  source  package.  For  arguments
       given as a .dsc file, sbuild builds the source packages directly. For .dsc files in remote
       locations, the source packages are downloaded first, then built.

       It is also possible to run  external  commands  with  sbuild.  See  the  section  EXTERNAL
       COMMANDS for more on this.

       sbuild  mails  the  build  logs  to  a  user.  It is configured by the configuration files
       /etc/sbuild/sbuild.conf  and  ~/.sbuildrc.   An   example   sbuildrc   is   available   in
       /usr/share/doc/sbuild/examples/example.sbuildrc.   A  custom  path to a configuration file
       can also be specified through setting the SBUILD_CONFIG environment variable to  the  path
       of an additional configuration file.

       You  can  build  either  using  a  local  package  with  its  .dsc file or a remote one by
       specifying an explicit dpkg version.

OPTIONS

       Options set on the command line overwrite settings made in the configuration file.

       -h, --help
              Display this manual.

       -V, --version
              Print version information.

       --add-depends=dependency

       --add-conflicts=dependency

       --add-depends-arch=dependency

       --add-conflicts-arch=dependency

       --add-depends-indep=dependency

       --add-conflicts-indep=dependency
              These options add a build dependencies  to  the  source  package  being  built,  in
              addition  to  the  build dependency information specified in debian/control.  These
              dependencies will be concatenated directly to the  Build-Depends,  Build-Conflicts,
              Build-Depends-Arch,  Build-Conflicts-Arch, Build-Depends-Indep and Build-Conflicts-
              Indep dependencies, respectively.  The options may be used any number of  times  to
              add  multiple  dependencies.   The  format  is  identical  to  the  format  used in
              debian/control.   These  command  line  options  append  to   the   MANUAL_DEPENDS,
              MANUAL_CONFLICTS,  MANUAL_DEPENDS_ARCH, MANUAL_CONFLICTS_ARCH, MANUAL_DEPENDS_INDEP
              and   MANUAL_CONFLICTS_INDEP    configuration    variables,    respectively.    See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --arch=architecture
              Build  using the architecture specified.  A chroot named $distribution-$arch-sbuild
              or $distribution-arch is searched for, in that order  of  preference.   The  chroot
              must  be installed and configured appropriately to build as that architecture, e.g.
              using personality=linux32 to build i386 packages on an  amd64  system.   Note  that
              this  option  is  equivalent  to  "--host=architecture --build=architecture".  This
              command line option sets the HOST_ARCH and BUILD_ARCH configuration variables.  See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --host=architecture
              Build  using  the  host architecture specified.  If $host and $build don't match, a
              chroot named  $distribution-$build-$host-sbuild  or  $distribution-$build-$host  is
              searched  for, falling back to $distribution-$build-sbuild or $distribution-$build,
              in that order of preference.  This option is only useful  for  cross-building  when
              used   together  with  --build.   This  command  line  option  sets  the  HOST_ARCH
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --build=architecture
              Build using the build architecture specified.   This  option  is  only  useful  for
              cross-building  when  used  together with --host.  If --build is not specified, the
              default system  architecture  is  assumed.   This  command  line  option  sets  the
              BUILD_ARCH configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -A, --arch-all
              Also   build   Architecture:   all   packages.  This  option  is  the  opposite  of
              --no-arch-all.  See the section BUILD ARTIFACTS for more information.  This command
              line  option sets the BUILD_ARCH_ALL configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for
              more information.

       --no-arch-all
              Do not build Architecture: all packages. This is the default behaviour. This option
              is  the  opposite  of  --arch-all.   See  the  section  BUILD  ARTIFACTS  for  more
              information.  This  command  line  option  sets  the  BUILD_ARCH_ALL  configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --arch-any
              Build  Architecture: any packages. This is the default behavior. This option is the
              opposite of --no-arch-any.  See the section BUILD ARTIFACTS for  more  information.
              This  command  line  option  sets  the  BUILD_ARCH_ANY  configuration variable. See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-arch-any
              Do not build Architecture: any packages. This option is the opposite of  --arch-any
              and  only  useful  when used together with --arch-all or --source.  See the section
              BUILD  ARTIFACTS  for  more  information.   This  command  line  option  sets   the
              BUILD_ARCH_ANY configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -b, --batch
              Operate  in  batchmode, i.e. write a build-progress file during execution and files
              on shutdown to facilitate a clean restart.   This  command  line  option  sets  the
              BATCH_MODE configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -c, --chroot=chroot
              Specifies  the  chroot  to  use.  The effect of this option depends on the selected
              chroot mode.  With the schroot chroot mode, this option specifies the schroot  name
              or  alias  to  use.  If  not specified, the default is the first of schroot name or
              alias    that     matches     $distribution-$arch-sbuild,     $distribution-sbuild,
              $distribution-$arch  or $distribution that exists.  With the sudo chroot mode, this
              option specifies the chroot directory to use.  The directory is either expected  in
              /etc/sbuild/chroot  (in  buildd  sbuild  mode)  or  in  the  build  directory  (see
              --build-dir), prefixed with "chroot-" (in user sbuild mode, the  default).  If  not
              specified,  the  default  is  to search for a directory in the respective locations
              named in the same way as for the schroot mode.  With the unshare  chroot  mode,  if
              this  option  is  a  path,  then  it  specifies  the location of the chroot tarball
              directly. Otherwise, a tarball with equal basename  from  ~/.cache/sbuild  will  be
              used.  If  not  specified, the default is to search for a tarball named in the same
              way as for the schroot mode under ~/.cache/sbuild.   With  the  autopkgtest  chroot
              mode  this  option  has  no effect.  The --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts are used to
              pick the chroot in autopkgtest chroot mode.  This  command  line  option  sets  the
              CHROOT configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --chroot-mode=schroot|sudo|autopkgtest|unshare
              Select  the  desired  chroot mode. Four values are possible: schroot (the default),
              sudo (which uses sudo to execute chroot in a directory from  /etc/sbuild/chroot  or
              ./chroot),  autopkgtest  which uses the autopkgtest-virt-* binaries (selectable via
              the --autopkgtest-virt-server option) and unshare (which uses linux namespaces  for
              chroot and doesn't require superuser privileges).  See the section CHROOT MODES for
              more information.  This command line  option  sets  the  CHROOT_MODE  configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -d, --dist=distribution
              Explicitly  set  the distribution for the package build. This will be selecting the
              correct chroot to use and also sets the value of  the  Distribution  field  in  the
              created  .changes  file. Setting this option is necessary when giving sbuild a .dsc
              file or a plain source package name to build. In the latter case it  specifies  the
              distribution the source package is fetched from.  This command line option sets the
              DISTRIBUTION configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --archive=archive
              Communicate with specified archive.  This command  line  option  sets  the  ARCHIVE
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -D, --debug
              Enable debug output.

       --apt-clean
       --no-apt-clean
              Run  (or  do  not  run)  apt-get  clean  in  the chroot before executing the build,
              overriding the default setting.   This  command  line  option  sets  the  APT_CLEAN
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --apt-update
       --no-apt-update
              Run  (or  do  not  run)  apt-get  update  in the chroot before executing the build,
              overriding the default setting.  This option has no effect on updating the internal
              sbuild  apt repository, the repository for extra packages (see --extra-package) and
              the repositories given via --extra-repository. These are always updated. Thus, this
              option  only  influences  updates  of the default repositories of the chroot.  This
              command line option sets the APT_UPDATE configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --apt-upgrade
       --no-apt-upgrade
              Run  (or  do  not  run)  apt-get  upgrade in the chroot before executing the build,
              overriding the default setting.  This command  line  option  sets  the  APT_UPGRADE
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --apt-distupgrade
       --no-apt-distupgrade
              Run  (or  do not run) apt-get distupgrade in the chroot before executing the build,
              overriding the default setting.  This command line option sets the  APT_DISTUPGRADE
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -m, --maintainer=maintainer
              Specify  the  identity  to  use  for  GPG  signing  packages,  and also used as the
              maintainer for binary NMUs.  This does not normally require setting (it defaults to
              the  uploader).   This  command  line option sets the MAINTAINER_NAME configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -e, --uploader=uploader
              Passed to dpkg-genchanges and is used to set the Changed-by: field in the  .changes
              file(s).   This  command line option sets the UPLOADER_NAME configuration variable.
              See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -k, --keyid=key-id
              Passed to debsign and is used to set the key to sign the .changes file(s).  Default
              is  not  using  any  key  and  not signing the .changes file(s).  This command line
              option  sets  the  KEY_ID  configuration  variable.  See  sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --source-only-changes
       --no-source-only-changes
              In  addition  to the .changes file generated by dpkg-buildpackage, also produce (or
              don't produce) a .changes file suitable for a source-only upload. If  requested  by
              --keyid,  this  .changes  file  will  also be signed by debsign.  This command line
              option sets the SOURCE_ONLY_CHANGES configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.

       -j, --jobs=n
              Number  of  jobs to run simultaneously.  Passed through to dpkg-buildpackage.  This
              command   line   option   appends   the    appropriate    -j    option    to    the
              DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_USER_OPTIONS  configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more
              information.

       --debbuildopt=option
              Pass the specified option directly to dpkg-buildpackage in addition to the  options
              already  passed by sbuild. This option can be passed multiple times (once per dpkg-
              buildpackage option) and can  be  freely  mixed  with  the  --debbuildopts  option.
              Options will be passed to dpkg-buildpackage in the order that the --debbuildopt and
              --debbuildopts options are given on the command line.   This  command  line  option
              appends   to   the   DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_USER_OPTIONS   configuration  variable.  See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --debbuildopts=options
              Pass the specified options directly to dpkg-buildpackage in addition to the options
              already  passed  by  sbuild.  The  argument  will  be  split by whitespaces and the
              resulting array passed to the dpkg-buildpackage invocation. If any options  contain
              spaces,  use  --debbuildopt for them.  This option can be passed multiple times and
              can be freely mixed with the  --debbuildopt  option.  Options  will  be  passed  to
              dpkg-buildpackage  in  the  order that the --debbuildopt and --debbuildopts options
              are  given  on  the  command  line.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_USER_OPTIONS  configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more
              information.

       --dpkg-source-opt=options
              Pass the specified option directly  to  dpkg-source  in  addition  to  the  options
              already  passed  by sbuild. This is only used when creating a source package from a
              Debianized source directory. This option can be passed  multiple  times  (once  per
              dpkg-source  option)  and  can  be freely mixed with the --dpkg-source-opts option.
              Options will be passed to dpkg-source in the order that the  --dpkg-source-opt  and
              --dpkg-source-opts options are given on the command line.  This command line option
              appends to the DPKG_SOURCE_OPTIONS configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.
              NOTE:  The '-b', '--before-build' and '--after-build' options will always be passed
              to dpkg-source, respectively.

       --dpkg-source-opts=options
              Pass the specified options directly to  dpkg-source  in  addition  to  the  options
              already  passed  by  sbuild.  The  argument  will  be  split by whitespaces and the
              resulting array passed to the  dpkg-source  invocation.  This  is  only  used  when
              creating  a  source  package  from  a  Debianized  source directory. If any options
              contain spaces, use --dpkg-source-opt for them.  This option can be passed multiple
              times  and  can be freely mixed with the --dpkg-source-opt option.  Options will be
              passed   to   dpkg-source   in   the   order   that   the   --dpkg-source-opt   and
              --dpkg-source-opts options are given on the command line.  This command line option
              appends to the DPKG_SOURCE_OPTIONS configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.
              NOTE:  The '-b', '--before-build' and '--after-build' options will always be passed
              to dpkg-source, respectively.

       --dpkg-file-suffix=suffix
              Add the suffix to the filename of the changes  and  buildinfo  files  generated  by
              dpkg.
              NOTE:  This  option  is  ignored if dpkg-dev in the build environment is too old to
              support it. At least dpkg-dev 1.18.11 is required.

       --mail-log-to=email-address
              Send the build log to the specified email address.  This command line  option  sets
              the MAILTO configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --mailfrom=email-address
              Email  address used as the sender address for build logs.  This command line option
              sets the MAILFROM configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -n, --nolog
              Do not create a package log file in the $log_dir directory and no build  log  file,
              but  print everything to stdout. Also do not send any log mails.  This command line
              option  sets  the  NOLOG  configuration  variable.  See  sbuild.conf(5)  for   more
              information.

       --profiles=profile[,...]"
              Specify  the  profile(s) we build, as a comma-separated list. Defaults to the space
              separated list of profiles in  the  DEB_BUILD_PROFILES  environment  variable  when
              building  natively  or  the  cross  and nocheck profiles when cross-building.  This
              command  line  option  sets  the   BUILD_PROFILES   configuration   variable.   See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -p, --purge=purge-mode
              Convenience  option  to  set purge-mode for build directory, build dependencies and
              session.  This command line option sets the PURGE_BUILD_DEPS, PURGE_BUILD_DIRECTORY
              and PURGE_SESSION configuration variables. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --purge-build=purge-mode
              purge-mode  determines  if  the  build  directory  will  be  deleted after a build.
              Possible values are always (default), never, and  successful.   This  command  line
              option  sets  the  PURGE_BUILD_DIRECTORY configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --purge-deps=purge-mode
              purge-mode determines if the build dependencies will  be  removed  after  a  build.
              Possible  values  are  always  (default), never, and successful.  This command line
              option sets the PURGE_BUILD_DEPS configuration  variable.  See  sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.

       --purge-session=purge-mode
              Purge  the  schroot  session following a build.  This is useful in conjunction with
              the --purge-build and --purge-deps options when using snapshot  chroots,  since  by
              default the snapshot will be deleted.  Possible values are always (default), never,
              and successful.  This command line  option  sets  the  PURGE_SESSION  configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -s, --source
              Build  the  source  package  in addition to the other requested build artifacts. By
              default, the dsc will not be rewritten because the source package is the  input  to
              sbuild,  not its output. Even when running from an unpacked source tree sbuild will
              first build the source package using dpkg-source and  then  pass  that  on  to  the
              sbuild  machinery. Use this option only when you know what you are doing. This will
              rewrite the original dsc passed to sbuild.  See the  section  BUILD  ARTIFACTS  for
              more  information.   This  command  line option sets the BUILD_SOURCE configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-source
              Don't rebuild the source package. This is  the  default.  It  is  the  opposite  of
              --source.  See the section BUILD ARTIFACTS for more information.  This command line
              option sets the BUILD_SOURCE configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --force-orig-source
              When  used  with  in  conjunction  with -s, this option forces the inclusion of the
              orig.tar.gz file in the generated .changes file, even in cases where it  would  not
              normally  be  included,  i.e.  use dpkg-buildpackage -sa.  This command line option
              sets the FORCE_ORIG_SOURCE configuration  variable.  See  sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --use-snapshot
              Installs the latest snapshot gcc compiler from the gcc-snapshot package, and alters
              the build environment to use the snapshot compiler for  the  build.   Specifically,
              this  option  appends /usr/lib/gcc-snapshot/lib to the value of the LD_LIBRARY_PATH
              configuration variable and /usr/lib/gcc-snapshot/bin  to  the  value  of  the  PATH
              configuration  variable.  It also sets the GCC_SNAPSHOT configuration variable. See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       -v, --verbose
              Be verbose, i.e. all information goes to stdout as well as to the log files.

       -q, --quiet
              Be quiet.  This is the opposite of --verbose.

       --make-binNMU=changelog-entry
              With this option, sbuild will create a new changelog entry in  debian/changelog  of
              every  package built. The version number will be in the format for binary-only NMUs
              (see --binNMU); the maintainer is set to the maintainer name configured for sbuild.
              changelog-entry  will  be  used  as the changelog entry following “Binary-only non-
              maintainer upload for ARCH -- no source changes”. Please note that the versions  in
              the  PACKAGE_VERSION[.dsc] arguments still have to be the unmodified (non-NMU ones)
              so that the sources can be found. The version number in log files and mails will be
              modified  by  sbuild  automatically.   The --append-to-version option has a similar
              effect but allows one to specify an arbitrary version suffix instead  of  a  custom
              changelog  entry. To have a custom version suffix and a custom changelog entry, use
              --make-binNMU and --append-to-version at  the  same  time  with  --binNMU=0.   This
              option is incompatible with --binNMU-changelog.  This option implies --no-arch-all.
              This command line option sets the  BIN_NMU  configuration  variable  and  sets  the
              BIN_NMU_VERSION  configuration  variable to 1 if it was not set yet, for example by
              the --binNMU option. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --binNMU=NMU-version
              The version number of the binary NMU.  This option only has an effect  if  combined
              with --make-binNMU and/or with --append-to-version.  version is a single number for
              the (+bn) format used for binary NMUs.  If the argument  is  the  empty  string  or
              zero,  then  the  +bn suffix will not be appended.  The +bn suffix will be appended
              after the string given via --append-to-version.  This option is  incompatible  with
              --binNMU-changelog.    This   command   line   option   sets   the  BIN_NMU_VERSION
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --append-to-version=string
              This option is similar to --make-binNMU except that it allows the user  to  specify
              an  arbitrary  string  to be appended to the version number (immediately before the
              '+' in the Debian  revision  if  --make-binNMU  is  also  provided).   To  pass  an
              arbitrary  changelog  text  as  well, combine this option with --make-binNMU but be
              aware that this will also add the +bn suffix unless you  also  pass  --binNMU=0  to
              disable  it.   This  option  is  incompatible with --binNMU-changelog.  This option
              implies  --no-arch-all.   This  command  line  option  sets  the  APPEND_TO_VERSION
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --binNMU-timestamp=timestamp
              Set  the  timestamp  of the new binNMU changelog entry. By default, the time of the
              build will be used to generate the binNMU changelog timestamp. This  option  allows
              one  to use a custom timestamp instead. The timestamp is either given as an integer
              in Unix time or as a string in the format compatible with Debian changelog  entries
              (i.e.  as  it  is  generated  by  date  -R).   This  option  is  incompatible  with
              --binNMU-changelog.   This  command  line   option   sets   the   BIN_NMU_TIMESTAMP
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --binNMU-changelog=changelog
              Set  the complete content of a binary-only changelog entry. This option allows full
              customization of the new changelog entry. It is up to the user to  make  sure  that
              the  changelog  entry  is  well-formed.  The  argument has to include all necessary
              newlines. Leading  and  trailing  newlines  will  be  stripped.   Sbuild  will  not
              interpret  any  backslash escapes.  This option is incompatible with --make-binNMU,
              --binNMU, --append-to-version and --binNMU-timestamp.   This  command  line  option
              sets  the  BIN_NMU_CHANGELOG  configuration  variable.  See sbuild.conf(5) for more
              information.

       --build-dir=directory
              Set the output directory for the build artifacts created by  dpkg-buildpackage  and
              the log file. By default, the current directory is used or, when sbuild is executed
              from within an unpacked source directory, the parent directory.  This command  line
              option  sets  the  BUILD_DIR  configuration  variable.  See sbuild.conf(5) for more
              information.

       --clean-source
              When executing sbuild from within an unpacked source tree, execute the debian/rules
              clean  target. This is the default and might require some of the build dependencies
              installed  on  the  host.   This  command  line  option   sets   the   CLEAN_SOURCE
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-clean-source
              When  executing  sbuild  from  within  an  unpacked  source  tree,  do  not run the
              debian/rules clean target before building the source package. Only set this if  you
              start  from  a  clean  checkout and you know what you are doing.  This command line
              option sets the CLEAN_SOURCE configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --run-lintian
              Run  lintian  after  a  successful  build.   This  command  line  option  sets  the
              RUN_LINTIAN configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-run-lintian
              Don't run lintian after a successful build.  If sbuild is configured to run lintian
              by  default,  this option will prevent lintian being run.  This command line option
              sets  the  RUN_LINTIAN  configuration  variable.  See   sbuild.conf(5)   for   more
              information.

       --lintian-opt=options
              Pass  the  specified  option directly to lintian in addition to the options already
              passed by sbuild. This option can  be  passed  multiple  times  (once  per  lintian
              option)  and  can  be freely mixed with the --lintian-opts option.  Options will be
              passed to lintian in the order that the --lintian-opt  and  --lintian-opts  options
              are  given  on  the  command  line.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              LINTIAN_OPTIONS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --lintian-opts=options
              Pass the specified options directly to lintian in addition to the  options  already
              passed by sbuild. The argument will be split by whitespaces and the resulting array
              passed to the lintian invocation. If any options contain spaces, use  --lintian-opt
              for  them.   This  option can be passed multiple times and can be freely mixed with
              the --lintian-opts option. Options will be passed to lintian in the order that  the
              --lintian-opt  and  --lintian-opts  options  are  given  on the command line.  This
              command line option appends to  the  LINTIAN_OPTIONS  configuration  variable.  See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --run-piuparts
              Run  piuparts  after  a  successful  build.   This  command  line  option  sets the
              RUN_PIUPARTS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-run-piuparts
              Don't run piuparts after a successful  build.   If  sbuild  is  configured  to  run
              piuparts  by  default,  this  option will prevent piuparts being run.  This command
              line option sets the RUN_PIUPARTS configuration variable.  See  sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.

       --piuparts-opt=options
              Pass  the  specified option directly to piuparts in addition to the options already
              passed by sbuild. This option can be  passed  multiple  times  (once  per  piuparts
              option)  and  can be freely mixed with the --piuparts-opts option.  Options will be
              passed to piuparts in the order that the --piuparts-opt and --piuparts-opts options
              are  given  on the command line.  Certain percent escapes are supported. To write a
              literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the  section  OPTION
              STRING  PERCENT  ESCAPES for more information.  This command line option appends to
              the  PIUPARTS_OPTIONS  configuration  variable.   See   sbuild.conf(5)   for   more
              information.

       --piuparts-opts=options
              Pass  the specified options directly to piuparts in addition to the options already
              passed by sbuild. The argument will be split by whitespaces and the resulting array
              passed   to   the   piuparts   invocation.  If  any  options  contain  spaces,  use
              --piuparts-opt for them.  This option can be  passed  multiple  times  and  can  be
              freely mixed with the --piuparts-opts option. Options will be passed to piuparts in
              the order that the --piuparts-opt and --piuparts-opts  options  are  given  on  the
              command  line.   Certain  percent escapes are supported. To write a literal percent
              sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the section  OPTION  STRING  PERCENT
              ESCAPES   for   more   information.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              PIUPARTS_OPTIONS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --piuparts-root-arg=options
              Add an argument that is used to launch piuparts as root. Without this  option,  the
              default  is  to  use  "sudo --" to launch piuparts. If an empty string is supplied,
              then piuparts is launched  without  any  prefixed  command.   This  option  can  be
              specified   multiple   times.    This   command   line   option   appends   to  the
              PIUPARTS_ROOT_ARGS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --piuparts-root-args=options
              Add arguments that are used to launch piuparts as root.  Without this  option,  the
              default  is  to  use  "sudo --" to launch piuparts. If an empty string is supplied,
              then piuparts is launched without any prefixed command.  The argument will be split
              by   whitespaces.   To   pass   options   containing  whitespaces  use  the  option
              --piuparts-root-arg.  This command line option appends  to  the  PIUPARTS_ROOT_ARGS
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --run-autopkgtest
              Run  autopkgtest  after  a  successful  build.   This  command line option sets the
              RUN_AUTOPKGTEST configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-run-autopkgtest
              Don't run autopkgtest after a successful build.  If sbuild  is  configured  to  run
              autopkgtest  by  default,  this  option  will  prevent autopkgtest being run.  This
              command  line  option  sets  the  RUN_AUTOPKGTEST   configuration   variable.   See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --autopkgtest-opt=options
              Pass  the  specified  option  directly  to  autopkgtest  in addition to the options
              already passed by sbuild. This option  can  be  passed  multiple  times  (once  per
              autopkgtest  option)  and  can  be freely mixed with the --autopkgtest-opts option.
              Options will be passed to autopkgtest in the order that the  --autopkgtest-opt  and
              --autopkgtest-opts  options are given on the command line.  Certain percent escapes
              are supported. To write a literal percent sign,  escape  it  with  another  percent
              sign.  See  the  section  OPTION STRING PERCENT ESCAPES for more information.  This
              command line option appends to the AUTOPKGTEST_OPTIONS configuration variable.  See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --autopkgtest-opts=options
              Pass  the  specified  options  directly  to  autopkgtest in addition to the options
              already passed by sbuild. The  argument  will  be  split  by  whitespaces  and  the
              resulting  array  passed  to  the  autopkgtest  invocation.  If any options contain
              spaces, use --autopkgtest-opt for them.  This option can be passed  multiple  times
              and  can be freely mixed with the --autopkgtest-opts option. Options will be passed
              to autopkgtest in the  order  that  the  --autopkgtest-opt  and  --autopkgtest-opts
              options  are  given on the command line.  Certain percent escapes are supported. To
              write a literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the  section
              OPTION  STRING  PERCENT  ESCAPES  for  more  information.  This command line option
              appends to the AUTOPKGTEST_OPTIONS configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)  for
              more information.

       --autopkgtest-root-arg=options
              Add  an  argument  that is used to launch autopkgtest as root. Without this option,
              the default is to use "sudo --" to  launch  autopkgtest.  If  an  empty  string  is
              supplied,  then  autopkgtest is launched without any prefixed command.  This option
              can be  specified  multiple  times.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              AUTOPKGTEST_ROOT_ARGS   configuration   variable.   See   sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --autopkgtest-root-args=options
              Add arguments that are used to launch autopkgtest as root.   Without  this  option,
              the  default  is  to  use  "sudo  --"  to launch autopkgtest. If an empty string is
              supplied, then autopkgtest is launched without any prefixed command.  The  argument
              will be split by whitespaces. To pass options containing whitespaces use the option
              --autopkgtest-root-arg.    This   command    line    option    appends    to    the
              AUTOPKGTEST_ROOT_ARGS   configuration   variable.   See   sbuild.conf(5)  for  more
              information.

       --pre-build-commands=string
              This is the earliest external command which is run right after the  chroot  session
              has  been  initialized  and before anything else is done (like installing the build
              dependencies). The command is run outside of the chroot. This option  can  be  used
              multiple  times to add multiple commands. Certain percent escapes are supported. To
              write a literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the  section
              EXTERNAL  COMMANDS  for  more information.  This command line option appends to the
              EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --chroot-setup-commands=string
              Run these commands after the chroot  and  variables  have  been  setup  but  before
              dependencies  are installed. The command is run as root inside of the chroot.  This
              option can be used multiple times to add multiple commands. Certain percent escapes
              are  supported.  To  write  a  literal percent sign, escape it with another percent
              sign. See the section EXTERNAL COMMANDS for more information.   This  command  line
              option  appends to the EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --chroot-update-failed-commands=string
              Run these commands after any of 'apt-get update',  'apt-get  upgrade'  or  'apt-get
              dist-upgrade'  failed.  This hook is not run for updates of the internal sbuild apt
              repository, the  repository  for  extra  packages  (see  --extra-package)  and  the
              repositories  given  via  --extra-repository.   The  environment is intact, and the
              failure can be investigated. Especially %SBUILD_SHELL is useful here.  This  option
              can  be  used  multiple times to add multiple commands. Certain percent escapes are
              supported.  To write a  literal  percent  sign,  escape  it  with  another  percent
              sign.See  the  section  EXTERNAL  COMMANDS for more information.  This command line
              option appends to the EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --build-deps-failed-commands=string
              These  commands  are  run  if installing the build dependencies has failed directly
              after the failed attempt. The  environment  is  intact,  and  the  failure  can  be
              investigated.   Especially %SBUILD_SHELL is useful here. The command is run as root
              inside the chroot. This option can be used multiple times to add multiple commands.
              Certain  percent  escapes are supported. To write a literal percent sign, escape it
              with another percent sign. See the section EXTERNAL COMMANDS for more  information.
              This  command  line option appends to the EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable.
              See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --starting-build-commands=string
              Run these commands after dependencies are installed, just before the package  build
              with  dpkg-buildpackage  starts.  The command is run as the (non-root) user running
              sbuild inside the chroot. This option can be used multiple times  to  add  multiple
              commands.  Certain  percent escapes are supported. To write a literal percent sign,
              escape it with another percent sign. See the section  EXTERNAL  COMMANDS  for  more
              information.    This   command   line   option  appends  to  the  EXTERNAL_COMMANDS
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --finished-build-commands=string
              Run these commands immediately after the timed package build finishes.  The command
              is run as the (non-root) user running sbuild inside the chroot.  This option can be
              used  multiple  times  to  add  multiple  commands.  Certain  percent  escapes  are
              supported.  To  write  a literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign.
              See the section EXTERNAL COMMANDS for more information.  This command  line  option
              appends  to  the  EXTERNAL_COMMANDS  configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for
              more information.

       --build-failed-commands=string
              These commands are run if dpkg-buildpackage has failed directly  after  the  failed
              attempt.   The  environment  is  intact,  and  the  failure  can  be  investigated.
              Especially %SBUILD_SHELL is useful here. The command is run as the (non-root)  user
              running  %sbuild  inside  the chroot. This option can be used multiple times to add
              multiple commands. Certain percent  escapes  are  supported.  To  write  a  literal
              percent  sign,  escape  it  with  another  percent  sign.  See the section EXTERNAL
              COMMANDS  for  more  information.   This  command  line  option  appends   to   the
              EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --chroot-cleanup-commands=string
              Run  these  commands when a chroot is cleaned up, before build directory is purged.
              The command is run as root inside the chroot. This  option  can  be  used  multiple
              times  to add multiple commands. Certain percent escapes are supported.  To write a
              literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the section EXTERNAL
              COMMANDS   for   more  information.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --post-build-commands=string
              Run this command after a successful build.  The  command  is  run  outside  of  the
              chroot.  This  option can be used multiple times to add multiple commands.  Certain
              percent escapes are supported. To write a literal  percent  sign,  escape  it  with
              another percent sign. See the section

       --post-build-failed-commands=string
              Exactly  like  the  above,  but  when  a  build  fails.  EXTERNAL COMMANDS for more
              information.   This  command  line  option   appends   to   the   EXTERNAL_COMMANDS
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --anything-failed-commands=string
              Run   these   commands  for  all  the  --xxx-failed-commands  options.   Especially
              %SBUILD_SHELL is useful here. This  option  can  be  used  multiple  times  to  add
              multiple  commands.  Certain  percent  escapes  are  supported.  To write a literal
              percent sign, escape it  with  another  percent  sign.  See  the  section  EXTERNAL
              COMMANDS   for   more  information.   This  command  line  option  appends  to  the
              EXTERNAL_COMMANDS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --log-external-command-output
              Write output from external commands to the build log.   This  command  line  option
              sets the LOG_EXTERNAL_COMMAND_OUTPUT configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for
              more information.

       --log-external-command-error
              Write error output from external commands to the  build  log.   This  command  line
              option    sets   the   LOG_EXTERNAL_COMMAND_ERROR   configuration   variable.   See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --setup-hook=hook-script DEPRECATED
              This option is deprecated. Use of this option will add hook-script to the  external
              commands  to  run  via  chroot-setup-commands.   This  command line option sets the
              CHROOT_SETUP_SCRIPT configuration variable and  appends  to  the  EXTERNAL_COMMANDS
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --build-dep-resolver=resolver
              Use  the  specified resolver to handle selecting the build dependencies.  Supported
              resolvers are apt (the  default),  aptitude,  aspcud,  xapt,  and  null.   The  apt
              resolver  is  the  most  appropriate  resolver  for  most  users,  for building for
              unstable, stable and other distributions.  If alternative  build  dependencies  are
              used  (excluding  architecture  restrictions),  only  the first alternative will be
              used; the others will be ignored.  The  aptitude  resolver  is  very  similar,  but
              smarter  and slower, and it will consider all alternatives by default; it is suited
              to more  complex  situations,  such  as  building  packages  for  the  experimental
              distribution,  where  packages  need  installing from multiple suites (unstable and
              experimental).  Due to performance and other issues (bug #139615), aptitude is  not
              recommended  for  use  by  default.  If the dependency situation is so complex that
              neither apt nor aptitude are able to find a solution, then you can use  the  aspcud
              resolver.   This  resolver  uses apt-cudf to ask aspcud, a real solver (in the math
              sense), to find a solution to the installation problem. Since aspcud  uses  a  real
              solver  (an  ASP solver) it will always find a solution if one exists. The solution
              found by the aspcud resolver can be refined by changing  the  default  optimization
              criteria  through the --aspcud-criteria option.  The xapt resolver is intended only
              for cross-building, and is a temporary transitional feature which will  be  removed
              following  the  complete  introduction  of  multi-arch  support.  Finally, the null
              resolver is a dummy solver which does not install, upgrade or remove any  packages.
              This allows one to completely control package installation via hooks.  This command
              line option sets the BUILD_DEP_RESOLVER configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --aspcud-criteria=criteria
              Optimization  criteria  in  extended MISC 2012 syntax passed to aspcud through apt-
              cudf.  Optimization criteria are separated by commas, sorted by decreasing order of
              priority  and  are prefixed with a polarity (+ to maximize and - to minimize).  The
              default criteria is -removed,-changed,-new which  first  minimizes  the  number  of
              removed  packages,  then the number of changed packages (up or downgrades) and then
              the number of new packages. A common task is to minimize  the  number  of  packages
              from  experimental.   To  do  this you can add a criteria like -count(solution,APT-
              Release:=/a=experimental/) to the default criteria.  This will  then  minimize  the
              number  of  packages in the solution which contain the string a=experimental in the
              APT-Release field of the EDSP output created by apt. For more help on how to  write
              optimization  criteria,  see the apt-cudf(1) man page. Specifically the help on the
              --criteria option.  This command line option sets the ASPCUD_CRITERIA configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --resolve-alternatives
              Allow  the  use  of  alternatives  in  Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Arch and Build-
              Depends-Indep.  This is the default for the  aptitude  dependency  resolver.   This
              command  line  option  sets  the  RESOLVE_ALTERNATIVES  configuration variable. See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --no-resolve-alternatives
              Do not allow the use  of  alternatives  in  Build-Depends,  Build-Depends-Arch  and
              Build-Depends-Indep.   Note  that alternatives for the same package (e.g. different
              versions) are still allowed.  This is the default for the apt and  xapt  dependency
              resolvers.   This  command  line option sets the RESOLVE_ALTERNATIVES configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --extra-package=package.deb|directory
              Make package.deb available for build-dependency  resolution,  by  adding  it  to  a
              temporary  archive  created  by  sbuild.   This  makes  it easier to build packages
              against locally-built build dependencies, without waiting  for  those  packages  to
              enter  the main archive, or going through the hassle of maintaining a local archive
              and making it accessible inside the chroot.  package.deb is copied into the chroot,
              so  it  can refer to any path on the host system.  If a directory is passed instead
              of a regular file, then all regular files inside that  directory  with  a  filename
              that  ends  in  .deb will be added in the same fashion as it is done for individual
              packages.  This option can be specified multiple times.  This command  line  option
              appends  to  the EXTRA_PACKAGES configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more
              information.

       --extra-repository=spec
              Add a repository to the  list  of  apt  sources  during  the  package  build.   The
              repository  specification  is  a line suitable for an apt sources.list(5) file. For
              instance,  you  might  use   --extra-repository="deb   http://deb.debian.org/debian
              experimental  main"  to  allow packages in the experimental distribution to fulfill
              build-dependencies. Note that the build chroot must already trust the key  of  this
              repository  or  a  key must be given with the --extra-repository-key flag (see apt-
              secure(8)).   This  command  line  option   appends   to   the   EXTRA_REPOSITORIES
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --extra-repository-key=file.asc
              Add  file.asc  to  the list of trusted keys inside the chroot. The key is read from
              the filename given, and added to the trusted keys. For more information,  see  apt-
              secure(8).  This flag is particularly useful if the target in --extra-repository is
              not signed with a key that's trusted by the base chroot.  This command line  option
              appends to the EXTRA_REPOSITORY_KEYS configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for
              more information.

       --build-path=string
              By  default  the  package  is  built  in   a   path   of   the   following   format
              /build/packagename-XXXXXX/packagename-version/  where  XXXXXX  is  a  random  ascii
              string. This option allows one to specify a custom path where the package is  built
              inside  the  chroot.  The sbuild user in the chroot must have permissions to create
              the path. Common writable locations are subdirectories of  /tmp  or  /build.  Using
              /tmp might be dangerous, because (depending on the chroot mode) the /tmp inside the
              chroot might be a world writable location that can be accessed by processes outside
              the  chroot. The directory /build can only be accessed by the sbuild user and group
              and should be a safe location.  The buildpath must be an  empty  directory  because
              the last component of the path will be removed after the build is finished.  Notice
              that depending on the chroot mode (see --chroot-mode), some  locations  inside  the
              chroot  might  be bind mounts that are shared with other sbuild instances. You must
              avoid using these shared locations as the build path or otherwise  concurrent  runs
              of  sbuild  will  likely  fail. With the default schroot chroot mode, the directory
              /build is shared between multiple schroot sessions. You can change  this  behaviour
              in  /etc/schroot/sbuild/fstab. The behaviour of other chroot modes will vary.  This
              command line option sets the BUILD_PATH configuration variable. See  sbuild.conf(5)
              for more information.

       --autopkgtest-virt-server=schroot|lxc|chroot|qemu|ssh
              The  autopkgtest  virtualization  server.  Can  be  specified  with  or without the
              autopkgtest-virt- prefix.  For instance, the following set of command line  options
              will  use  the  autopkgtest-virt-schroot chroot mode for a package build: --chroot-
              mode=autopkgtest --autopkgtest-virt-server=schroot  --chroot  unstable-amd64-sbuild
              The  value of the --chroot option will be passed as the last positional argument to
              the autopkgtest-virt-* invocation. Thus, the value of the --chroot  option  becomes
              the  image  name  of the virtual machine in case of autopkgtest-virt-qemu, the lxc-
              container name in case of autopkgtest-virt-lxc, the path to the chroot in  case  of
              autopkgtest-virt-chroot,  the  name  of  the  schroot  in case of autopkgtest-virt-
              schroot and so on.  This  command  line  option  sets  the  AUTOPKGTEST_VIRT_SERVER
              configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --autopkgtest-virt-server-opt=string
              Pass   the   specified   option   directly  to  the  respective  autopkgtest-virt-*
              virtualization server in addition to the options already  passed  by  sbuild.  This
              option can be passed multiple times (once per autopkgtest-virt-* option) and can be
              freely mixed with  the  --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts  option.   Options  will  be
              passed to the respective autopkgtest-virt-* virtualization server in the order that
              the --autopkgtest-virt-server-opt and  --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts  options  are
              given  on  the  command  line.  See the manual pages of the respective autopkgtest-
              virt-* commands for more information.  Certain percent escapes  are  supported.  To
              write  a literal percent sign, escape it with another percent sign. See the section
              OPTION STRING PERCENT ESCAPES for  more  information.   This  command  line  option
              appends   to   the   AUTOPKGTEST_VIRT_SERVER_OPTIONS  configuration  variable.  See
              sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts=options
              Pass  the  specified  options  directly  to   the   respective   autopkgtest-virt-*
              virtualization  server  in  addition  to  the options already passed by sbuild. The
              argument will be split by  whitespaces  and  the  resulting  array  passed  to  the
              autopkgtest-virt-*    invocation.    If    any    options   contain   spaces,   use
              --autopkgtest-virt-server-opt for them.  This option can be passed  multiple  times
              and  can  be  freely  mixed with the --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts option. Options
              will be passed to the respective autopkgtest-virt-* virtualization  server  in  the
              order  that  the  --autopkgtest-virt-server-opt  and --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts
              options are given on the command line. See  the  manual  pages  of  the  respective
              autopkgtest-virt-*  commands  for  more  information.   Certain percent escapes are
              supported. To write a literal percent sign, escape it with  another  percent  sign.
              See  the  section OPTION STRING PERCENT ESCAPES for more information.  This command
              line option appends to the AUTOPKGTEST_VIRT_SERVER_OPTIONS configuration  variable.
              See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --sbuild-mode=mode
              Behaviour  changes  for use in a buildd environment.  This command line option sets
              the SBUILD_MODE configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --stats-dir=directory
              Directory for writing build statistics to.   This  command  line  option  sets  the
              STATS_DIR configuration variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

       --purge-extra-packages
              This  is an experimental option. Only use when you know what you are doing.  Source
              packages must be buildable with only their build dependencies, all packages  marked
              as  Essential:yes,  the  build-essential  package and their transitive dependencies
              installed. But  by  default,  most  chroots  will  also  include  Priority:required
              packages  and apt as well as their transitive dependencies. This option will try to
              remove all additional packages that are not strictly required for the  build  right
              after  build dependencies were installed. This currently works best with the aspcud
              resolver. The apt resolver will not make as much  effort  to  remove  all  unneeded
              packages and will keep all providers of a virtual package and all packages from any
              dependency alternative that happen to be installed. The aptitude and xapt  resolver
              do  not  implement this feature yet. The removed packages are not (yet) added again
              after the build finished. This can have undesirable side effects like  lintian  not
              working  (because  there  is  no  apt  to install its dependencies) or bare chroots
              becoming totally unusable after apt was removed from them. Thus, this option should
              only  be used with throw-away chroots like schroot provides them where the original
              state is automatically restored after each build. This command line option sets the
              PURGE_EXTRA_PACKAGES   configuration   variable.   See   sbuild.conf(5)   for  more
              information.

       --bd-uninstallable-explainer=dose3|apt
              If the build dependencies cannot be satisfied by the chosen resolver,  sbuild  will
              run  the  selected  method  to give a better explanation why the build dependencies
              cannot be installed. Possible arguments for this option are dose3 (the default) and
              apt.  To  disable  this feature, pass the empty string.  Depending on the resolver,
              the dose3 explainer might report a dependency situation as satisfiable even if  the
              chosen  resolver  found it to be unsatisfiable. This is especially likely to happen
              if the apt resolver (the default) is used. Such disparities can have  two  reasons:
              either  the understanding of the involved dependency situation of the apt and dose3
              solver differs (this is a bug) or the apt solver was unable to find a  solution  if
              the  dependency  situation is not trivial (for example if it involves packages from
              multiple repositories). In the former case, please report the disparity  as  a  bug
              against  the  resolvers.  In the latter case, use a resolver that is more likely to
              find a solution like the  aptitude  or  aspcud  resolvers.  Especially  the  aspcud
              resolver  should  find  a  solution if and only if the dose3 solver also finds one.
              This  command  line  option  sets  the   BD_UNINSTALLABLE_EXPLAINER   configuration
              variable. See sbuild.conf(5) for more information.

CHROOT MODES

       The  main  purpose  of  sbuild  is to build Debian packages in a clean chroot environment.
       Provisioning and managing these chroot environments is not done by sbuild  itself  but  by
       multiple backends. The default backend (or chroot mode) is schroot which is an suid binary
       that allows regular users to enter a chroot environment. But sbuild  also  allows  one  to
       build  packages  in  a  qemu  virtual machine, lxc, lxd or on a remote host reached by ssh
       using the autopkgtest backend. The backend can be chosen using the  --chroot-mode  command
       line argument or the $chroot_mode configuration parameter.

       schroot
              The default and recommended chroot mode. It is also used on Debian buildd machines.
              The easiest way to set up sbuild for use with  the  schroot  backend  is  by  using
              sbuild-createchroot  which  will also write out the necessary schroot configuration
              files in /etc. To use the chroots, the current user has to be added to  the  sbuild
              group,  for example by running sbuild-adduser.  Updating these schroot backends can
              be done using sbuild-update. See the respective  man  pages  for  more  information
              about  how  to  use  these  programs.   Schroot  supports chroots from directories,
              tarballs, filesystem images and block devices.  Schroot provides ephemeral  chroots
              either  by  unpacking  a  tarball  into  a temporary directory, by using an overlay
              filesystem for directory chroots or by using btrfs or lvm snapshots. Chroots usable
              by  schroot  are  defined  by  configuration  files in /etc/schroot/chroot.d/. When
              building for a specific distribution  and  architecture,  sbuild  will  choose  the
              chroot   that   is   named   (or   has   the   alias)   $distribution-$arch-sbuild,
              $distribution-sbuild,  $distribution-$arch  or  $distribution,  in  that  order  of
              preference.   The  used  chroot  name  can  be  overridden using the -c or --chroot
              options.

       sudo   This chroot mode is deprecated and only provided for  backwards  compatibility  and
              testing purposes. It operates by plainly entering the chosen chroot directory using
              "sudo chroot". Thus, this backend also does not provide ephemeral chroots. The sudo
              chroot  mode  searches for a symlink or directory located at /etc/sbuild/chroot/ or
              in the current directory, prefixed with chroot-. The expected names are resolved in
              the same order as for the schroot chroot mode and can be overridden using the -c or
              --chroot options.

       autopkgtest
              This is an experimental chroot mode that allows one to build packages in any chroot
              supported  by  autopkgtest.  This  allows  one  to  build  packages  in  lxc or lxd
              containers, a qemu virtual machine or on a remote host via ssh.  Which  autopkgtest
              server  to  use  is  determined  via  the  --autopkgtest-virt-server  option. Since
              autopkgtest (in contrast to schroot) does not  maintain  a  registry  of  available
              containers  or  (virtual)  machines, it is necessary to manually specify them using
              the --autopkgtest-virt-server-opts= command  line  argument.  To  avoid  having  to
              manually  type  the  right  container  or  machine  name  every time when sbuild is
              executed, percent escapes are permitted.

       unshare
              This is an experimental backend that allows one to build  packages  inside  chroots
              provided  by  arbitrary  tarballs.  This  allows  one  to set up an arbitrary build
              environment without having to become root.  Building  packages  with  schroot  also
              doesn't  require  sudo  (schroot  is suid root) but setting up and updating chroots
              requires superuser permissions. The unshare backend only makes  use  of  two  small
              suid  binaries  (newuidmap  and newgidmap) and only requires root once for enabling
              unprivileged userns clones (Debian carries a patch against the  Linux  kernel  that
              disables      this      feature      by      detault).     So     after     setting
              kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=1 /etc/sysctl.d/, this  backend  allows  arbitrary
              tarballs  containing  chroot  environments  to  be  used  for package building. The
              default tarball location is in ~/.cache/sbuild/. The expected names are resolved in
              the same order as for the schroot chroot mode and can be overridden using the -c or
              --chroot options.

BUILD ARTIFACTS

       Sbuild is meant to be used to build architecture specific binary  packages  from  a  given
       source  package.  In  addition,  sbuild  is also able to generate architecture independent
       binary packages as well as to rebuild the original source package that was used as  input.
       In  summary,  sbuild  is able to build architecture specific binary packages, architecture
       independent binary packages and source packages. What ends up being built is determined by
       the configuration variables BUILD_ARCH_ANY, BUILD_ARCH_ALL and BUILD_SOURCE, respectively.
       See sbuild.conf(5) for a detailed explanation of these configuration variables.

       By default, during native compilation, BUILD_ARCH_ANY and BUILD_ARCH_ALL are set  to  true
       while  BUILD_SOURCE is set to false.  During cross-compilation, BUILD_ARCH_ALL defaults to
       false.  This behaviour can be changed either by using command line options or by modifying
       the  configuration  variables  in  your  ~/.sbuildrc. The relevant command line options to
       change the values of BUILD_ARCH_ANY, BUILD_ARCH_ALL and BUILD_SOURCE are  --arch-any/--no-
       arch-any, --arch-all/--no-arch-all and --source/--no-source, respectively.

       The  values  of  BUILD_ARCH_ANY, BUILD_ARCH_ALL and BUILD_SOURCE change the parameter that
       dpkg-buildpackage is called with. The following table  displays  the  argument  passed  to
       dpkg-buildpackage  in  the last column depending on the configuration options in the first
       three columns.

       BUILD_ARCH_ANY   BUILD_ARCH_ALL   BUILD_SOURCE   dpkg-buildpackage flag
       ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       false            false            false          invalid
       false            false            true           -S
       false            true             false          -A
       false            true             true           -g
       true             false            false          -B
       true             false            true           -G
       true             true             false          -b
       true             true             true           no option

EXTERNAL COMMANDS

       Support to run external commands during an sbuild run  is  provided.  A  set  of  external
       commands  can  be  run  at  various  stages  of a build. Providing commands to run is done
       through the appropriate options given on the command line  and  through  the  use  of  the
       configuration  files. In the configuration file, the list of commands to run are placed in
       a hash of arrays of arrays of strings corresponding to the commands to run.

       There are several sets of commands. All command are run inside the chroot as  root  except
       for  the  pre/post-build- commands which are run as the user running sbuild outside of the
       chroot. To run an external command as another user than the root user, prefix your command
       with runuser -u sbuild --.

       Here is a summary of the ordering, user, internal/external to chroot for each command hook

       The  following  table shows each command hook in the context of the tasks sbuild performs.
       The column root shows whether the command is run as root (yes) or not  (no).   The  column
       chroot  shows  whether  the  command  is  run  inside  our outside the chroot. The working
       directory inside the chroot is the  one  marked  with  <<BUILDDIR>>  inside  the  log.  By
       default,  this  is  a directory of the format /build/packagename-XXXXXX/ where XXXXXX is a
       random ascii string.  Otherwise, it is  the  directory  set  by  --build-path  or  by  the
       BUILD_PATH  configuration  option.   The working directory outside of the chroot is $HOME.
       The remaining columns show the percent escapes that are defined in each command.   Percent
       escapes  that are available in all commands (%%, %a, %b, %s) are omitted.  The value maybe
       in the column for the %d and %p escapes means that the value can not  relied  upon  to  be
       defined  in  these  stages.  More specifically, these escapes will not be defined at these
       points if the user specified a source package name without a version on the command  line.
       In  that  case,  the  version  will  only  become  known after the source package has been
       retrieved in the "Fetch and unpack source package" stage.

       command/action                         root   chroot    %c    %e    %d,%p
       ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
       Initialise chroot session
       --pre-build-commands                   no     outside   no    yes   maybe
       Setup the chroot and variables
       --chroot-setup-commands                yes    inside    no    no    maybe
       Update and upgrade packages
       --chroot-update-failed-commands        yes    inside    no    no    maybe
       Fetch and unpack source package
       Install Dependencies
       --build-deps-failed-commands           yes    inside    no    no    yes
       --starting-build-commands              yes    inside    no    no    yes
       Run dpkg-buildpackage
       --build-failed-commands                yes    inside    no    no    yes
       --finished-build-commands              yes    inside    no    no    yes
       Run lintian (if configured)
       --chroot-cleanup-commands              yes    inside    yes   no    yes
       Cleanup build files and dependencies
       Run piuparts (if configured)
       Run autopkgtest (if configured)
       Close schroot session
       --post-build-commands                  no     outside   yes   yes   yes
       --post-build-failed-commands           no     outside   yes   yes   yes

       The commands can be given in the configuration files. They can be given as strings or as a
       list  of  arguments.  For  example,  to  run "foo" and "bar" with arguments before a build
       starts, specifying the "foo" command as a list and "bar" as a string, one could do this:

       $external_commands = {
           "pre-build-commands" => [
               ['foo', 'arg1', 'arg2'],
               'bar arg1 arg2 arg3',
           ],
       };

       Hash keys for commands to run at other stages have the same name  as  their  corresponding
       command-line option name without the preceding '--'.

       Here's  an  example  of  how  to  do  the same with the previous example, except using the
       --pre-build-commands option.

       $ sbuild \
             --pre-build-commands='foo arg1 arg2' \
             --pre-build-commands='bar arg1 arg2 arg3'

       Note that all these commands are executed through the shell in  "/bin/sh".  If  specifying
       the  command  as  a  list  in the config file, very few shell facilities are supported: no
       redirection, no command concatenation with ; and so on. When  passing  a  string  (in  the
       config  file or on the commandline), the string is passed as-is to the shell. So all shell
       facilities are available, given that you escape everything properly, as you  would  in  an
       interactive shell.

       Besides  running  external  commands,  sbuild  can  also detect the use of certain percent
       escapes given as arguments. These are used to allow for a command to be  supplied  with  a
       certain argument depending on the escape given.  For example, it could be possible to have
       an external command be given the path to a .changes file.

       Here is a listing of keywords and a description of what it's converted to.

       %%     Used to escape a '%'.

       %d, %SBUILD_DSC
              These escapes are converted to the absolute path to a package's .dsc file.

       %c, %SBUILD_CHANGES
              These escapes are converted to the absolute path to  a  package's  source  .changes
              file.  This  is the .changes file generated by the dpkg-buildpackage invocation and
              not the source-only .changes file that  might've  been  produced  additionally  via
              --source-only-changes.  This  variable is only set after the build is finished, i.e
              in          --chroot-cleanup-commands,          --post-build-commands,          and
              --post-build-failed-commands.

       %a, %SBUILD_HOST_ARCH
              These  escapes  are  converted  to the debian name of the architecture the build is
              being built for (e.g amd64, armhf).

       %e, %SBUILD_CHROOT_EXEC
              These escapes are converted to a command which can be executed on a host and can be
              given  arguments  which will then be executed inside the chroot. Standard input and
              output of the process started inside  the  chroot  are  connected  to  the  program
              executed  on  the  host.  Thus, this command can also be used to copy data into the
              chroot and out of the chroot. The working directory of the process  started  inside
              the  chroot is the root directory of the chroot. The process is started as the root
              user.  This variable is not set if the external command is run inside  the  chroot.
              Thus this escape is only available for --pre-build-commands, --post-build-commands,
              and --post-build-failed-commands.

       %b, %SBUILD_BUILD_DIR
              These escapes are converted to the absolute path to the build directory inside  the
              chroot.

       %p, %SBUILD_PKGBUILD_DIR
              These  escapes  are  converted  to the absolute path to the package build directory
              inside the chroot.

       %s, %SBUILD_SHELL
              This is converted to a command to spawn an interactive "bash" shell

       %SBUILD_BUILD_ARCH
              This escape is converted to the Debian name of the architecture that the  build  is
              being run on (e.g amd64, armhf).

       Percent  escapes  are  only  substituted when an appropriate value is defined for them. At
       other times, it is left unchanged. In practice this means that there are only two  escapes
       that  are  not available in all external commands: %c and %e. For example, a .changes file
       is only defined at the end of a build, so using %c will  only  be  substituted  for  post-
       build-commands and post-build-failed-commands.

       Here's an example of using an escape to run a program foo on a .changes file after a build
       is done.

       $ sbuild --post-build-commands \
             'foo %SBUILD_CHANGES'

       And here's an example that will spawn an interactive  shell  to  investigate  the  problem
       whenever the build failed:

       $ sbuild --build-failed-commands '%SBUILD_SHELL'

       The following example would copy a file from the host into the chroot:

       $ sbuild --pre-build-commands \
             'cat blub.txt | %SBUILD_CHROOT_EXEC sh -c "cat > blub.txt"'

       One  final  note,  external commands are processed in the order they are given.  Also, the
       commands given in a configuration file  are  processed  first,  then  the  commands  given
       through the command line options.

OPTION STRING PERCENT ESCAPES

       Besides  for  external command strings, percent escapes can also be used in custom options
       passed to piuparts, autopkgtest and the  chosen  autopkgtest-virt  server.   This  is  for
       example  useful  for  communicating  the  right  chroot backend to piuparts or autopkgtest
       depending on the distribution or architecture the source package was built for.

       Here is a listing of keywords and a description of what it's converted to.

       %%     Used to escape a '%'.

       %a, %SBUILD_HOST_ARCH
              These escapes are converted to the debian name of the  architecture  the  build  is
              being built for (e.g amd64, armhf).

       %r, %SBUILD_DISTRIBUTION
              The  distribution that the source package was built for. This is the value recorded
              in debian/changelog or the value passed via the --dist option.  Mnemonic: the r  is
              the first letter in "release".

       Here is an example that will run piuparts with the right schroot chroot:

       $ sbuild --run-piuparts \
             --piuparts-opts="--schroot=%r-%a-sbuild"

       Or an example of running autopkgtest with the right schroot chroot:

       $ sbuild --run-autopkgtest --autopkgtest-root-args= \
             --autopkgtest-opts="-- schroot %r-%a-sbuild"

       To achieve the same effect via the configuration file, add the following:

       $autopkgtest_root_args = '';
       $piuparts_opts = [ '--schroot=%r-%a-sbuild' ];
       $autopkgtest_opts = [ '--', 'schroot', '%r-%a-sbuild' ];

       The  --autopkgtest-root-args  option and the $autopkgtest_root_args configuration variable
       are set to the empty string because the default is to run autopkgtest with  "sudo  --"  in
       front of it which is not needed with the schroot autopkgtest backend.

LOCAL ARCHIVE

       The  apt  and aptitude resolvers create a local archive for installing build dependencies.
       This is an internal implementation detail of the build dependency resolver, which  is  not
       user  configurable,  and  is  intended  to be entirely transparent to the user.  The local
       archive exists only transiently during the package build.   It  does  not  persist  across
       builds,  and  it  is only used to store the dummy dependency packages created for a single
       build.

       The dependency resolvers do the following:

       •      Create a dummy dependency package.  This contains the Build-Depends (and optionally
              Build-Depends-Arch  and  Build-Depends-Indep)  as Depends, and Build-Conflicts (and
              optionally Build-Conflicts-Arch and Build-Conflicts-Indep) as Conflicts.

       •      Install the dummy dependency package into the local archive,

       •      Generate the Packages, Sources and Release files.

       •      Write a sources.list file for the local archive into /etc/apt/sources.list.d.

       •      Inject the lists directly into /var/lib/apt/lists.  This step is  to  save  running
              updating  all  apt sources which is undesirable during a build; apt and aptitude do
              not support updating a single source at present.

       •      Regenerate the apt caches to ensure everything is in sync.

       •      Install the dummy dependency package with apt or aptitude;  the  dummy  package  is
              pulled  from  the local apt archive, while all its dependencies are pulled from the
              regular configured apt sources.

       At the end of the build, the local archive is removed, along with the rest  of  the  build
       tree.

EXAMPLES

       Before  you  use  sbuild  for  the  first time, you have to do some setup depending on the
       chroot mode you are using. The default chroot mode is schroot.  To  use  sbuild  with  the
       schroot  backend,  you  need  to  add  your  user to the sbuild group and create a schroot
       chroot. The latter can be accomplished by using  sbuild-createchroot(8).  After  this  one
       time setup, you can now use sbuild to build packages like this:

       % sbuild -d unstable bash

       Or on a .dsc:

       % sbuild -d unstable bash.dsc

       Or  from within an unpacked source package (the -d parameter is not necessary here because
       the distribution is inferred from debian/changelog):

       % sbuild

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables are used by sbuild:

       HOME   The home directory of the user.

       LOGNAME
              Used in lockfiles.

       SBUILD_CONFIG
              Path to an additional configuration file  on  top  of  the  system  wide  and  user
              specific ones.

FILES

       /etc/sbuild/sbuild.conf
              Configuration,  maintained  by  the  system  administrator.   This  may  be used to
              override the defaults.

       /etc/sbuild/chroot
              Directory containing symbolic links to chroots.  This is only used for sudo  chroot
              access; schroot access uses the schroot chroot configuration.

       ~/.sbuildrc
              User-specific  configuration.  A  custom  path  to a configuration file can also be
              specified through setting the SBUILD_CONFIG environment variable to the path of  an
              additional configuration file.

       /var/lib/sbuild
              Build trees, archive signing keys, build statistics and lock files.

AUTHORS

       Roman Hodek <Roman.Hodek@informatik.uni-erlangen.de>.

       sbuild  is  based  on  debbuild,  written  by  James Troup <james@nocrew.org> and has been
       modified by
       Ben Collins <bcollins@debian.org>,
       Ryan Murray <rmurray@debian.org>,
       Francesco Paolo Lovergine <frankie@debian.org>,
       Michael Banck <mbanck@debian.org>, and
       Roger Leigh <rleigh@debian.org>

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright © 1998-2000 Roman Hodek <roman@hodek.net>
       Copyright © 1998-1999 James Troup <troup@debian.org>
       Copyright © 2003-2006 Ryan Murray <rmurray@debian.org>
       Copyright © 2001-2003 Rick Younie <younie@debian.org>
       Copyright © 2003-2004 Francesco Paolo Lovergine <frankie@debian.org>
       Copyright © 2005      Michael Banck <mbanck@debian.org>
       Copyright © 2005-2009 Roger Leigh <rleigh@debian.org>

SEE ALSO

       sbuild.conf(5),         sbuild-abort(1),         sbuild-adduser(8),         sbuild-apt(1),
       sbuild-checkpackages(1),  sbuild-createchroot(8),  sbuild-distupgrade(1),  sbuild-hold(1),
       sbuild-setup(7).  sbuild-shell(1), sbuild-unhold(1), sbuild-update(1),  sbuild-upgrade(1),
       schroot(1),