Provided by: tcpreplay_4.3.2-1build1_amd64 bug

NAME

       tcprewrite - Rewrite the packets in a pcap file.

SYNOPSIS

       tcprewrite [-flags] [-flag [value]] [--option-name[[=| ]value]]

       All arguments must be options.

DESCRIPTION

       Tcprewrite  is  a tool to rewrite packets stored in pcap(3) file format, such as created by tools such as
       tcpdump(1) and wireshark(1).  Once a pcap file has had it's packets rewritten, they can be replayed  back
       out on the network using tcpreplay(1).

       tcprewrite currently supports reading the following DLT types:

       DLT_C_HDLC aka Cisco HDLC

       DLT_EN10MB aka Ethernet

       DLT_LINUX_SLL aka Linux Cooked Socket

       DLT_RAW aka RAW IP

       DLT_NULL aka BSD Loopback

       DLT_LOOP aka OpenBSD Loopback

       DLT_IEEE802_11 aka 802.11a/b/g

       DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO aka 802.11a/b/g with Radiotap headers

       DLT_JUNIPER_ETHER aka Juniper Encapsulated Ethernet

       DLT_PPP_SERIAL aka PPP over Serial

       Please see the --dlt option for supported DLT types for writing.

       The  packet  editing  features  of  tcprewrite  which  distinguish  between "client" and "server" traffic
       requires a tcpprep(1) cache file.

       For more details, please see the Tcpreplay Manual at: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com

OPTIONS


       -r string, --portmap=string
              Rewrite TCP/UDP ports.  This option may appear up to 9999 times.

              Specify a list of comma delimited port mappings consisting of colon delimited port  number  pairs.
              Each  colon  delimited  port  pair  consists  of  the port to match followed by the port number to
              rewrite.

              Examples:
                  --portmap=80:8000 --portmap=8080:80    # 80->8000 and 8080->80
                  --portmap=8000,8080,88888:80           # 3 different ports become 80
                  --portmap=8000-8999:80                 # ports 8000 to 8999 become 80

       -s number, --seed=number
              Randomize src/dst IPv4/v6 addresses w/ given seed.  This option may appear up to  1  times.   This
              option  must  not appear in combination with any of the following options: fuzz-seed.  This option
              takes an integer number as its argument.

              Causes the source and destination IPv4/v6 addresses to be pseudo  randomized  but  still  maintain
              client/server  relationships.  Since the randomization is deterministic based on the seed, you can
              reuse the same seed value to recreate the traffic.

       -N string, --pnat=string
              Rewrite IPv4/v6 addresses using pseudo-NAT.  This option may appear up to 2  times.   This  option
              must not appear in combination with any of the following options: srcipmap.

              Takes  a  comma  delimited  series  of colon delimited CIDR netblock pairs.  Each netblock pair is
              evaluated in order against the IP addresses.  If the IP address in the packet  matches  the  first
              netblock, it is rewritten using the second netblock as a mask against the high order bits.

              IPv4 Example:
                  --pnat=192.168.0.0/16:10.77.0.0/16,172.16.0.0/12:10.1.0.0/24
              IPv6 Example:
                  --pnat=[2001:db8::/32]:[dead::/16],[2001:db8::/32]:[::ffff:0:0/96]

       -S string, --srcipmap=string
              Rewrite  source  IPv4/v6  addresses using pseudo-NAT.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This
              option must not appear in combination with any of the following options: pnat.

              Works just like the --pnat option, but only affects the source IP addresses in the IPv4/v6 header.

       -D string, --dstipmap=string
              Rewrite destination IPv4/v6 addresses using pseudo-NAT.  This option may appear  up  to  1  times.
              This option must not appear in combination with any of the following options: pnat.

              Works  just  like  the --pnat option, but only affects the destination IP addresses in the IPv4/v6
              header.

       -e string, --endpoints=string
              Rewrite IP addresses to be between two endpoints.  This option may appear up  to  1  times.   This
              option must appear in combination with the following options: cachefile.

              Takes  a  pair  of  colon delimited IPv4/v6 addresses which will be used to rewrite all traffic to
              appear to be between the two IP addresses.

              IPv4 Example:
                  --endpoints=172.16.0.1:172.16.0.2
              IPv6 Example:
                  --endpoints=[2001:db8::dead:beef]:[::ffff:0:0:ac:f:0:2]

       --tcp-sequence=number
              Change TCP Sequence (and ACK) numbers /w given seed.  This option takes an integer number  as  its
              argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  greater than or equal to 1
              The default number for this option is:
                   0

              Change all TCP sequence numbers, and related sequence-acknowledgement numbers.  They will be
              shifted by a random amount based on the provided seed.

       -b, --skipbroadcast
              Skip rewriting broadcast/multicast IPv4/v6 addresses.

              By default --seed, --pnat and --endpoints will rewrite broadcast and multicast IPv4/v6 and MAC
              addresses.     Setting this flag will keep broadcast/multicast IPv4/v6 and MAC addresses from
              being rewritten.

       -C, --fixcsum
              Force recalculation of IPv4/TCP/UDP header checksums.

              Causes each IPv4/v6 packet to have their checksums recalculated and fixed.  Automatically enabled
              for packets modified with --seed, --pnat, --endpoints or --fixlen.

       -m number, --mtu=number
              Override default MTU length (1500 bytes).  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option
              takes an integer number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  1 through MAXPACKET

              Override the default 1500 byte MTU size for determining the maximum padding length (--fixlen=pad)
              or when truncating (--mtu-trunc).

       --mtu-trunc
              Truncate packets larger then specified MTU.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Similar to --fixlen, this option will truncate data in packets from Layer 3 and above to be no
              larger then the MTU.

       -E, --efcs
              Remove Ethernet checksums (FCS) from end of frames.

              Note, this option is pretty dangerous!  We do not actually check to see if a FCS actually exists
              in the frame, we just blindly delete the last 4 bytes.  Hence, you should only use this if you
              know know that your OS provides the FCS when reading raw packets.

       --ttl=string
              Modify the IPv4/v6 TTL/Hop Limit.

              Allows you to modify the TTL/Hop Limit of all the IPv4/v6 packets.  Specify a number to hard-code
              the value or +/-value to increase or decrease by the value provided (limited to 1-255).

              Examples:
                  --ttl=10
                  --ttl=+7
                  --ttl=-64

       --tos=number
              Set the IPv4 TOS/DiffServ/ECN byte.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an
              integer number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 255

              Allows you to override the TOS (also known as DiffServ/ECN) value in IPv4.

       --tclass=number
              Set the IPv6 Traffic Class byte.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an
              integer number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 255

              Allows you to override the IPv6 Traffic Class field.

       --flowlabel=number
              Set the IPv6 Flow Label.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 1048575

              Allows you to override the 20bit IPv6 Flow Label field.  Has no effect on IPv4 packets.

       -F string, --fixlen=string
              Pad or truncate packet data to match header length.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Packets may be truncated during capture if the snaplen is smaller then the packet.  This option
              allows you to modify the packet to pad the packet back out to the size stored in the IPv4/v6
              header or rewrite the IP header total length to reflect the stored packet length.

              pad Truncated packets will be padded out so that the packet length matches the IPv4 total length

              trunc Truncated packets will have their IPv4 total length field rewritten to match the actual
              packet length

              del Delete the packet

       --fuzz-seed=number
              Fuzz 1 in X packets. Edit bytes, length, or emulate packet drop.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  greater than or equal to 0
              The default number for this option is:
                   0

              This fuzzing was designed as to test layer 7 protocols such as voip protocols.  It modifies
              randomly 1 out of X packets (where X = --fuzz-factor) in order for stateful protocols to cover
              more of their code.  The random fuzzing actions focus on data start and end because it often is
              the part of the data application protocols base their decisions on.

              Possible fuzzing actions list:
               * drop packet
               * reduce packet size
               * edit packet Bytes:
                 * Not all Bytes have the same probability of appearance in real life.
                   Replace with 0x00, 0xFF, or a random byte with equal likelihood.
                 * Not all Bytes have the same significance in a packet.
                   Replace the start, the end, or the middle of the packet with equal likelihood.
               * do nothing (7 out of 8 packets)

       --fuzz-factor=number
              Set the Fuzz 1 in X packet ratio (default 1 in 8 packets).  This option must appear in combination
              with the following options: fuzz-seed.  This option takes an integer number as its argument.  The
              value of number is constrained to being:
                  greater than or equal to 1
              The default number for this option is:
                   8

              Sets the ratio of for --fuzz-seed option. By default this value is 8, which means 1 in 8 packets
              are modified by fuzzing. Note that this ratio is based on the random number generated by the
              supplied fuzz seed. Therefore by default you cannot expect that exactly every eighth packet will
              be modified.

       --skipl2broadcast
              Skip rewriting broadcast/multicast Layer 2 addresses.

              By default, editing Layer 2 addresses will rewrite broadcast and multicast MAC addresses.  Setting
              this flag will keep broadcast/multicast MAC addresses from being rewritten.

       --dlt=string
              Override output DLT encapsulation.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              By default, no DLT (data link type) conversion will be made.  To change the DLT type of the output
              pcap, select one of the following values:

              enet Ethernet aka DLT_EN10MB

              hdlc Cisco HDLC aka DLT_C_HDLC

              jnpr_ether Juniper Ethernet DLT_C_JNPR_ETHER

              pppserial PPP Serial aka DLT_PPP_SERIAL

              user User specified Layer 2 header and DLT type

       --enet-dmac=string
              Override destination ethernet MAC addresses.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Takes a pair of comma deliminated ethernet MAC addresses which will replace the destination MAC
              address of outbound packets.  The first MAC address will be used for the server to client traffic
              and the optional second MAC address will be used for the client to server traffic.

              Example:
                  --enet-dmac=00:12:13:14:15:16,00:22:33:44:55:66

       --enet-smac=string
              Override source ethernet MAC addresses.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Takes a pair of comma deliminated ethernet MAC addresses which will replace the source MAC address
              of outbound packets.  The first MAC address will be used for the server to client traffic and the
              optional second MAC address will be used for the client to server traffic.

              Example:
                  --enet-smac=00:12:13:14:15:16,00:22:33:44:55:66

       --enet-subsmac=string
              Substitute MAC addresses.  This option may appear up to 9999 times.

              Allows you to rewrite ethernet MAC addresses of packets. It takes comma delimited pair or MACs
              address and rewrites all occurrences of the first MAC with the value of the second MAC.  Example:
                  --enet-subsmac=00:12:13:14:15:16,00:22:33:44:55:66

       --enet-mac-seed=number
              Randomize MAC addresses.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option must not appear in
              combination with any of the following options: enet-smac, enet-dmac, enet-subsmac.  This option
              takes an integer number as its argument.

              Allows you to randomize ethernet MAC addresses of packets, mostly like what --seed option does for
              IPv4/IPv6 addresses.

       --enet-mac-seed-keep-bytes=number
              Randomize MAC addresses.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option must appear in
              combination with the following options: enet-mac-seed.  This option takes an integer number as its
              argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  1 through 6

              Keep some bytes untouched when usinging --enet-mac-seed option.

       --enet-vlan=string
              Specify ethernet 802.1q VLAN tag mode.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Allows you to rewrite ethernet frames to add a 802.1q header to standard 802.3 ethernet headers or
              remove the 802.1q VLAN tag information.

              add Rewrites the existing 802.3 ethernet header as an 802.1q VLAN header

              del Rewrites the existing 802.1q VLAN header as an 802.3 ethernet header

       --enet-vlan-tag=number
              Specify the new ethernet 802.1q VLAN tag value.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This
              option must appear in combination with the following options: enet-vlan.  This option takes an
              integer number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 4095

       --enet-vlan-cfi=number
              Specify the ethernet 802.1q VLAN CFI value.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option
              must appear in combination with the following options: enet-vlan.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 1

       --enet-vlan-pri=number
              Specify the ethernet 802.1q VLAN priority.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option
              must appear in combination with the following options: enet-vlan.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 7

       --hdlc-control=number
              Specify HDLC control value.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.

              The Cisco HDLC header has a 1 byte "control" field.  Apparently this should always be 0, but if
              you can use any 1 byte value.

       --hdlc-address=number
              Specify HDLC address.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an integer number
              as its argument.

              The Cisco HDLC header has a 1 byte "address" field which has two valid values:

              0x0F Unicast

              0xBF Broadcast
              You can however specify any single byte value.

       --user-dlt=number
              Set output file DLT type.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.

              Set the DLT value of the output pcap file.

       --user-dlink=string
              Rewrite Data-Link layer with user specified data.  This option may appear up to 2 times.

              Provide a series of comma deliminated hex values which will be used to rewrite or create the Layer
              2 header of the packets.  The first instance of this argument will rewrite both server and client
              traffic, but if this argument is specified a second time, it will be used for the client traffic.

              Example:
                  --user-dlink=01,02,03,04,05,06,00,1A,2B,3C,4D,5E,6F,08,00

       -d number, --dbug=number
              Enable debugging output.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option takes an integer
              number as its argument.  The value of number is constrained to being:
                  in the range  0 through 5
              The default number for this option is:
                   0

              If configured with --enable-debug, then you can specify a verbosity level for debugging output.
              Higher numbers increase verbosity.

       -i string, --infile=string
              Input pcap file to be processed.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

       -o string, --outfile=string
              Output pcap file.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

       -c string, --cachefile=string
              Split traffic via tcpprep cache file.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Use tcpprep cache file to split traffic based upon client/server relationships.

       -v, --verbose
              Print decoded packets via tcpdump to STDOUT.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

       -A string, --decode=string
              Arguments passed to tcpdump decoder.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This option must
              appear in combination with the following options: verbose.

              When enabling verbose mode (-v) you may also specify one or more additional arguments to pass to
              tcpdump to modify the way packets are decoded.  By default, -n and -l are used.  Be sure to quote
              the arguments so that they are not interpreted by tcprewrite.   Please see the tcpdump(1) man page
              for a complete list of options.

       --fragroute=string
              Parse fragroute configuration file.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              Enable advanced evasion techniques using the built-in fragroute(8) engine.  See the fragroute(8)
              man page for more details.  Important: tcprewrite does not support the delay, echo or print
              commands.

       --fragdir=string
              Which flows to apply fragroute to: c2s, s2c, both.  This option may appear up to 1 times.  This
              option must appear in combination with the following options: cachefile.

              Apply the fragroute engine to packets going c2s, s2c or both when using a cache file.

       --skip-soft-errors
              Skip writing packets with soft errors.  This option may appear up to 1 times.

              In some cases, packets can not be decoded or the requested editing is not possible.  Normally
              these packets are written to the output file unedited so that tcpprep cache files can still be
              used, but if you wish, these packets can be suppressed.

              One example of this is 802.11 management frames which contain no data.

       -V, --version
              Print version information.

       -h, --less-help
              Display less usage information and exit.

       -H, --help
              Display usage information and exit.

       -!, --more-help
              Pass the extended usage information through a pager.

       --save-opts [=cfgfile]
              Save the option state to cfgfile.  The default is the last configuration file listed in the OPTION
              PRESETS section, below.  The command will exit after updating the config file.

       --load-opts=cfgfile, --no-load-opts
              Load options from cfgfile.  The no-load-opts form will disable the loading of earlier
              config/rc/ini files.  --no-load-opts is handled early, out of order.

OPTION PRESETS

       Any option that is not marked as not presettable may be preset by loading values from configuration ("RC"
       or ".INI") file(s).  The homerc file is "$$/", unless that is a directory.  In that case, the file
       ".tcprewriterc" is searched for within that directory.

FILES

       See OPTION PRESETS for configuration files.

EXIT STATUS

       One of the following exit values will be returned:

       0  (EXIT_SUCCESS)
              Successful program execution.

       1  (EXIT_FAILURE)
              The operation failed or the command syntax was not valid.

       66  (EX_NOINPUT)
              A specified configuration file could not be loaded.

       70  (EX_SOFTWARE)
              libopts had an internal operational error.  Please report it to autogen-
              users@lists.sourceforge.net.  Thank you.

AUTHORS

       Copyright 2013-2018 Fred Klassen - AppNeta Copyright 2000-2012 Aaron Turner For support please use the
       tcpreplay-users@lists.sourceforge.net mailing list.  The latest version of this software is always
       available from: http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 2000-2018 Aaron Turner and Fred Klassen all rights reserved.  This program is released
       under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 3 or later.

BUGS

       Please send bug reports to: tcpreplay-users@lists.sourceforge.net

NOTES

       This manual page was AutoGen-erated from the tcprewrite option definitions.