Provided by: groff_1.22.4-10_amd64 bug

NAME

       groff_mom - groff “mom” macros; “mom” is a “roff” language, part of “groff”

SYNOPSIS

       pdfmom [-Tps [pdfroff-option ...]] [groff-option ...] file ...

       groff -mom [option ...] file ...
       groff -m mom [option ...] file ...

CALLING MOM

       mom  is  a  macro  set  for  groff,  designed  primarily  to  format documents for PDF and
       PostScript output.

       mom provides two categories of macros: macros for typesetting,  and  macros  for  document
       processing.   The typesetting macros provide access to groff's typesetting capabilities in
       ways that are simpler to master than groff's primitives.  The document  processing  macros
       provide  highly  customizable  markup  tags  that  allow  the  user  to  design and output
       professional-looking documents with a minimum of typesetting intervention.

       Files processed with pdfmom(1) with or without the -Tps  option,  produce  PDF  documents.
       The  documents  include  a  PDF  outline  that appears in the ‘Contents’ panel of document
       viewers, and may contain clickable internal and external links.

       When -Tps is absent, groff's native PDF driver, gropdf, is used to  generate  the  output.
       When  given, the output is still PDF, but processing is passed over to pdfroff, which uses
       groff's PostScript driver, grops.  Not all PDF features are available when -Tps is  given;
       its primary use is to allow processing of files with embedded PostScript images.

       Files processed with groff -mom (or -m mom) produce PostScript output by default.

       mom comes with her own very complete documentation in HTML format.  A separate PDF manual,
       Producing PDFs with groff and mom, covers full mom or PDF usage.

FILES

       /usr/share/groff/1.22.4/tmac/om.tmac
              – the main macro file
       /usr/share/groff/1.22.4/tmac/mom.tmac
              – a wrapper file that calls om.tmac directly.

       /usr/share/doc/groff-base/html/mom/toc.html
              – entry point to the HTML documentation

       /usr/share/doc/groff-base/pdf/mom-pdf.pdf
              – the PDF manual, Producing PDFs with groff and mom

       /usr/share/doc/groff-base/examples/mom/*.mom
              – example files using mom

DOCUMENTATION IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER

       This part of the man page contains information just as in groff(7),  mom  macros  and  mom
       escape sequences in alphabetical order.

       The logical order of mom macros and mom escape sequences is very well documented in

       /usr/share/doc/groff-base/html/mom/toc.html
              – entry point to the HTML documentation

       That  document  is  quite good for beginners, but other users should be happy to have some
       documentation in reference style.

       So we restrict this part to the alphabetical order of macros and escape  sequences.   But,
       so  far,  we  took all documentation details from the toc.html file, just in a more useful
       alphabetical order.  So this part of the man page is  nothing  new,  but  only  a  logical
       arrangement.

QUICK REFERENCE

   Quick Reference of Inline Escape Sequences in alphabetical Order
       \*[<colorname>]
              begin using an initialized colour inline

       \*[BCK n]
              move backwards in a line

       \*[BOLDER]
              invoke pseudo bold inline (related to macro .SETBOLDER)

       \*[BOLDERX]
              off pseudo bold inline (related to macro .SETBOLDER)

       \*[BU n]
              move characters pairs closer together inline (related to macro .KERN)

       \*[COND]
              invoke pseudo condensing inline (related to macro .CONDENSE)

       \*[CONDX]
              off pseudo condensing inline (related to macro .CONDENSE)

       \*[CONDSUP]...\*[CONDSUPX]
              pseudo-condensed superscript

       \*[DOWN n]
              temporarily move downwards in a line

       \*[EN-MARK]
              mark initial line of a range of line numbers (for use with line numbered endnotes)

       \*[EXT]
              invoke pseudo extending inline (related to macro .EXTEND)

       \*[EXTX]
              off pseudo condensing inline (related to macro .EXTEND)

       \*[EXTSUP]...\*[EXTSUPX]
              pseudo extended superscript

       \*[FU n]
              move characters pairs further apart inline (related to macro .KERN)

       \*[FWD n]
              move forward in a line

       \*[LEADER]
              insert leaders at the end of a line

       \*[RULE]
              draw a full measure rule

       \*[SIZE n]
              change the point size inline (related to macro .PT_SIZE)

       \*[SLANT]
              invoke pseudo italic inline (related to macro .SETSLANT)

       \*[SLANTX]
              off pseudo italic inline (related to macro .SETSLANT)

       \*[ST<n>]...\*[ST<n>X]
              string tabs (mark tab positions inline)

       \*[SUP]...\*[SUPX]
              superscript

       \*[TB+]
              inline escape for .TN (Tab Next)

       \*[UL]...\*[ULX]
              invoke underlining inline (fixed width fonts only)

       \*[UP n]
              temporarily move upwards in a line

   Quick Reference of Macros in alphabetical Order
       .AUTOLEAD
              set the linespacing relative to the point size

       .B_MARGIN
              set a bottom margin

       .BR    break a justified line

       .CENTER
              set line-by-line quad centre

       .CONDENSE
              set the amount to pseudo condense

       .EL    break a line without advancing on the page

       .EXTEND
              set the amount to pseudo extend

       .FALLBACK_FONT
              establish a fallback font (for missing fonts)

       .FAM   alias to .FAMILY

       .FAMILY <family>
              set the family type

       .FT    set the font style (roman, italic, etc.)

       .HI [ <measure> ]
              hanging indent

       .HY    automatic hyphenation on/off

       .HY_SET
              set automatic hyphenation parameters

       .IB [ <left measure> <right measure> ]
              indent both

       .IBX [ CLEAR ]
              exit indent both

       .IL [ <measure> ]
              indent left

       .ILX [ CLEAR ]
              exit indent left

       .IQ [ CLEAR ]
              quit any/all indents

       .IR [ <measure> ]
              indent right

       .IRX [ CLEAR ]
              exit indent right

       .JUSTIFY
              justify text to both margins

       .KERN  automatic character pair kerning on/off

       .L_MARGIN
              set a left margin (page offset)

       .LEFT  set line-by-line quad left

       .LL    set a line length

       .LS    set a linespacing (leading)

       .PAGE  set explicit page dimensions and margins

       .PAGEWIDTH
              set a custom page width

       .PAGELENGTH
              set a custom page length

       .PAPER <paper_type>
              set common paper sizes (letter, A4, etc)

       .PT_SIZE
              set the point size

       .QUAD  "justify" text left, centre, or right

       .R_MARGIN
              set a right margin

       .RIGHT set line-by-line quad right

       .SETBOLDER
              set the amount of emboldening

       .SETSLANT
              set the degree of slant

       .SPREAD
              force justify a line

       .SS    set the sentence space size

       .T_MARGIN
              set a top margin

       .TI [ <measure> ]
              temporary left indent

       .WS    set the minimum word space size

DOCUMENTATION OF DETAILS

   Details of Inline Escape Sequences in alphabetical Order
       \*[<colorname>]
              begin using an initialized colour inline

       \*[BCK n]
              move wards in a line

       \*[BOLDER]
       \*[BOLDERX]
              Emboldening on/off

              \*[BOLDER]  begins  emboldening type.  \*[BOLDERX] turns the feature off.  Both are
              inline escapes, therefore they should not appear as separate lines, but  rather  be
              embedded in text lines, like this:
                     Not \*[BOLDER]everything\*[BOLDERX] is as it seems.

              Alternatively, if you wanted the whole line emboldened, you should do
                     \*[BOLDER]Not everything is as it seems.\*[BOLDERX]
              Once \*[BOLDER] is invoked, it remains in effect until turned off.

              Note:  If  you're  using the document processing macros with .PRINTSTYLE TYPEWRITE,
              mom ignores \*[BOLDER] requests.

       \*[BU n]
              move characters pairs closer together inline (related to macro .KERN)

       \*[COND]
       \*[CONDX]
              Pseudo-condensing on/off

              \*[COND] begins pseudo-condensing type.  \*[CONDX] turns the feature off.  Both are
              inline  escapes,  therefore they should not appear as separate lines, but rather be
              embedded in text lines, like this:
                     \*[COND]Not everything is as it seems.\*[CONDX]
              \*[COND] remains in effect until you turn it off with \*[CONDX].

              IMPORTANT: You must turn \*[COND] off before making any changes to the  point  size
              of  your  type, either via the .PT_SIZE macro or with the \s inline escape.  If you
              wish  the  new  point  size  to  be  pseudo-condensed,  simply  reinvoke   \*[COND]
              afterwards.   Equally,  \*[COND]  must  be  turned off before changing the condense
              percentage with .CONDENSE.

              Note: If you're using the document processing macros  with  .PRINTSTYLE  TYPEWRITE,
              mom ignores \*[COND] requests.

       \*[CONDSUP]...\*[CONDSUPX]
              pseudo-condensed superscript

       \*[DOWN n]
              temporarily move downwards in a line

       \*[EN-MARK]
              mark initial line of a range of line numbers (for use with line numbered endnotes)

       \*[EXT]
       \*[EXTX]
              Pseudo-extending on/off

              \*[EXT]  begins  pseudo-extending  type.  \*[EXTX] turns the feature off.  Both are
              inline escapes, therefore they should not appear as separate lines, but  rather  be
              embedded in text lines, like this:
                     \*[EXT]Not everything is as it seems.\*[EXTX]
              \*[EXT] remains in effect until you turn it off with \*[EXTX].

              IMPORTANT: You must turn \*[EXT] off before making any changes to the point size of
              your type, either via the .PT_SIZE macro or with the \s inline escape.  If you wish
              the  new  point  size  to  be  pseudo-extended, simply reinvoke \*[EXT] afterwards.
              Equally, \*[EXT] must be turned off before  changing  the  extend  percentage  with
              .EXTEND.

              Note:  If  you are using the document processing macros with .PRINTSTYLE TYPEWRITE,
              mom ignores \*[EXT] requests.

       \*[EXTSUP]...\*[EXTSUPX]
              pseudo extended superscript

       \*[FU n]
              move characters pairs further apart inline (related to macro .KERN)

       \*[FWD n]
              move forward in a line

       \*[LEADER]
              insert leaders at the end of a line

       \*[RULE]
              draw a full measure rule

       \*[SIZE n]
              change the point size inline (related to macro .PT_SIZE)

       \*[SLANT]
       \*[SLANTX]
              Pseudo italic on/off

              \*[SLANT] begins pseudo-italicizing type.  \*[SLANTX] turns the feature off.   Both
              are  inline escapes, therefore they should not appear as separate lines, but rather
              be embedded in text lines, like this:
                     Not \*[SLANT]everything\*[SLANTX] is as it seems.

              Alternatively, if you wanted the whole line pseudo-italicized, you'd do
                     \*[SLANT]Not everything is as it seems.\*[SLANTX]

              Once \*[SLANT] is invoked, it remains in effect until turned off.

              Note: If you're using the document processing macros  with  .PRINTSTYLE  TYPEWRITE,
              mom  underlines  pseudo-italics  by  default.   To  change  this behaviour, use the
              special macro .SLANT_MEANS_SLANT.

       \*[ST<number>]...\*[ST<number>X]
              Mark positions of string tabs

              The quad direction must be LEFT or JUSTIFY (see .QUAD and .JUSTIFY) or the  no-fill
              mode  set  to  LEFT  in  order  for these inlines to function properly.  Please see
              IMPORTANT, below.

              String tabs need to be marked off with inline escapes before being set up with  the
              .ST  macro.  Any input line may contain string tab markers.  <number>, above, means
              the numeric identifier of the tab.

              The following shows a sample input line with string tab markers.
                     \*[ST1]Now is the time\*[ST1X] for all \*[ST2]good men\*ST2X] to come to the aid of the party.

              String tab 1 begins at the start of the line and ends after the word time.   String
              tab  2  starts at good and ends after men.  Inline escapes (e.g. font or point size
              changes, or horizontal movements, including padding) are taken  into  account  when
              mom determines the position and length of string tabs.

              Up  to nineteen string tabs may be marked (not necessarily all on the same line, of
              course), and they must be numbered between 1 and 19.

              Once string tabs have been marked in input lines, they have to  be  set  with  .ST,
              after which they may be called, by number, with .TAB.

              Note:  Lines  with string tabs marked off in them are normal input lines, i.e. they
              get printed, just like any input line.  If you want to set up string  tabs  without
              the line printing, use the .SILENT macro.

              IMPORTANT:  Owing to the way groff processes input lines and turns them into output
              lines, it is not possible for mom to guess the correct starting position of  string
              tabs marked off in lines that are centered or set flush right.

              Equally,  she  cannot  guess the starting position if a line is fully justified and
              broken with .SPREAD.

              In other words, in order to use string tabs, LEFT must be active, or, if .QUAD LEFT
              or  JUSTIFY are active, the line on which the string tabs are marked must be broken
              manually with .BR (but not .SPREAD).

              To circumvent this behaviour, I recommend using the PAD to set up  string  tabs  in
              centered  or  flush right lines.  Say, for example, you want to use a string tab to
              underscore the text of a centered line with a rule.  Rather than this,
                     .CENTER
                     \*[ST1]A line of text\*[ST1X]\c
                     .EL
                     .ST 1
                     .TAB 1
                     .PT_SIZE 24
                     .ALD 3p
                     \*[RULE]
                     .RLD 3p
                     .TQ
              you should do:
                     .QUAD CENTER
                     .PAD "#\*[ST1]A line of text\*[ST1X]#"
                     .EL
                     .ST 1
                     .TAB 1
                     .PT_SIZE 24
                     .ALD 3p
                     \*[RULE] \" Note that you can't use \*[UP] or \*[DOWN] with \*[RULE]
                     .RLD 3p
                     .TQ

       \*[SUP]...\*[SUPX]
              superscript

       \*[TB+]
              Inline escape for .TN (Tab Next)

       \*[UL]...\*[ULX]
              invoke underlining inline (fixed width fonts only)

       \*[UP n]
              temporarily move upwards in a line

   Details of Macros in alphabetical Order
       .AUTOLEAD
              set the linespacing relative to the point size

       .B_MARGIN <bottom margin>
              Bottom Margin

              Requires a unit of measure

              .B_MARGIN sets a nominal position at the bottom of the page beyond which you  don't
              want  your  type  to go.  When the bottom margin is reached, mom starts a new page.
              .B_MARGIN requires a unit of measure.  Decimal fractions are  allowed.   To  set  a
              nominal bottom margin of 3/4 inch, enter
                     .B_MARGIN .75i

              Obviously, if you haven't spaced the type on your pages so that the last lines fall
              perfectly at the bottom margin, the margin will vary from page to  page.   Usually,
              but  not always, the last line of type that fits on a page before the bottom margin
              causes mom to start a new page.

              Occasionally, owing to a peculiarity in groff, an extra line will  fall  below  the
              nominal  bottom  margin.   If  you're using the document processing macros, this is
              unlikely to happen; the  document  processing  macros  are  very  hard-nosed  about
              aligning bottom margins.

              Note: The meaning of .B_MARGIN is slightly different when you're using the document
              processing macros.

       .FALLBACK_FONT <fallback font> [ ABORT | WARN ]
              Fallback Font

              In the event that you pass an invalid argument  to  .FAMILY  (i.e.  a  non-existent
              family),  mom,  by  default,  uses the fallback font, Courier Medium Roman (CR), in
              order to continue processing your file.

              If you'd prefer another fallback font, pass  .FALLBACK_FONT  the  full  family+font
              name  of  the font you'd like.  For example, if you'd rather the fallback font were
              Times Roman Medium Roman,
                     .FALLBACK_FONT TR
              would do the trick.

              Mom issues a warning whenever a font style set with  .FT  does  not  exist,  either
              because  you  haven't registered the style or because the font style does not exist
              in the current family set with .FAMILY.  By default, mom then aborts, which  allows
              you to correct the problem.

              If  you'd  prefer  that  mom  not  abort on non-existent fonts, but rather continue
              processing using a fallback font, you can pass .FALLBACK_FONT  the  argument  WARN,
              either by itself, or in conjunction with your chosen fallback font.

              Some examples of invoking .FALLBACK_FONT:

              .FALLBACK_FONT WARN
                     mom  will issue a warning whenever you try to access a non-existent font but
                     will continue processing your file with the default fallback  font,  Courier
                     Medium Roman.

              .FALLBACK_FONT TR WARN
                     mom  will issue a warning whenever you try to access a non-existent font but
                     will continue processing your file with  a  fallback  font  of  Times  Roman
                     Medium Roman; additionally, TR will be the fallback font whenever you try to
                     access a family that does not exist.

              .FALLBACK_FONT TR ABORT
                     mom will abort whenever you try to access a non-existent font, and will  use
                     the  fallback  font  TR  whenever  you  try to access a family that does not
                     exist.  If, for some reason,  you  want  to  revert  to  ABORT,  just  enter
                     ".FALLBACK_FONT ABORT" and mom will once again abort on font errors.

       .FAM <family>
              Type Family, alias of .FAMILY

       .FAMILY <family>
              Type Family, alias .FAM

              .FAMILY  takes  one  argument: the name of the family you want.  Groff comes with a
              small set of basic families, each identified by a 1-, 2- or 3-letter mnemonic.  The
              standard families are:
                     A   = Avant Garde
                     BM  = Bookman
                     H   = Helvetica
                     HN  = Helvetica Narrow
                     N   = New Century Schoolbook
                     P   = Palatino
                     T   = Times Roman
                     ZCM = Zapf Chancery

              The argument you pass to .FAMILY is the identifier at left, above.  For example, if
              you want Helvetica, enter
                     .FAMILY H

              Note: The font macro (.FT) lets you specify both the type family  and  the  desired
              font  with  a  single  macro.  While this saves a few keystrokes, I recommend using
              .FAMILY for  family,  and  .FT  for  font,  except  where  doing  so  is  genuinely
              inconvenient.  ZCM, for example, only exists in one style: Italic (I).

              Therefore,
                     .FT ZCMI
              makes more sense than setting the family to ZCM, then setting the font to I.

              Additional  note: If you are running a version of groff lower than 1.19.2, you must
              follow all .FAMILY requests with a .FT request, otherwise mom will set all type  up
              to the next .FT request in the fallback font.

              If  you  are  running  a version of groff greater than or equal to 1.19.2, when you
              invoke the .FAMILY macro,  mom  remembers  the  font  style  (Roman,  Italic,  etc)
              currently  in use (if the font style exists in the new family) and will continue to
              use the same font style in the new family.  For example:
                     .FAMILY BM \" Bookman family
                     .FT I \" Medium Italic
                     <some text> \" Bookman Medium Italic
                     .FAMILY H \" Helvetica family
                     <more text> \" Helvetica Medium Italic

              However, if the font style does not exist in the  new  family,  mom  will  set  all
              subsequent  type  in the fallback font (by default, Courier Medium Roman) until she
              encounters a .FT request that's valid for the family.

              For example, assuming you don't have the font Medium Condensed Roman (mom extension
              CD) in the Helvetica family:
                     .FAMILY UN \" Univers family
                     .FT CD \" Medium Condensed
                     <some text> \" Univers Medium Condensed
                     .FAMILY H \" Helvetica family
                     <more text> \" Courier Medium Roman!

              In the above example, you must follow .FAMILY H with a .FT request that's valid for
              Helvetica.

              Please see the Appendices, Adding fonts to groff, for information on  adding  fonts
              and  families  to groff, as well as to see a list of the extensions mom provides to
              groff's basic R, I, B, BI styles.

              Suggestion: When adding families to groff, I recommend  following  the  established
              standard  for  the naming families and fonts.  For example, if you add the Garamond
              family, name the font files
                     GARAMONDR
                     GARAMONDI
                     GARAMONDB
                     GARAMONDBI
              GARAMOND then becomes a valid family name you can pass to .FAMILY.  (You could,  of
              course, shorten GARAMOND to just G, or GD.)  R, I, B, and BI after GARAMOND are the
              roman, italic, bold and bold-italic fonts respectively.

       .FONT R | B | BI | <any other valid font style>
              Alias to .FT

       .FT R | B | BI | <any other valid font style>
              Set font

              By default, groff permits .FT to take one of four possible arguments specifying the
              desired font:
                     R = (Medium) Roman
                     I = (Medium) Italic
                     B = Bold (Roman)
                     BI = Bold Italic

              For example, if your family is Helvetica, entering
                     .FT B
              will give you the Helvetica bold font.  If your family were Palatino, you'd get the
              Palatino bold font.

              Mom considerably extends the range of arguments you can pass to .FT, making it more
              convenient  to add and access fonts of differing weights and shapes within the same
              family.

              Have a look here for a list of the weight/style arguments mom  allows.   Be  aware,
              though,  that  you  must have the fonts, correctly installed and named, in order to
              use the arguments.  (See Adding fonts to groff for instructions  and  information.)
              Please also read the ADDITIONAL NOTE found in the description of the .FAMILY macro.

              How  mom  reacts  to  an  invalid argument to .FT depends on which version of groff
              you're using.  If your groff version is greater than or equal to 1.19.2,  mom  will
              issue  a  warning  and,  depending  on  how you've set up the fallback font, either
              continue processing using the fallback font, or abort (allowing you to correct  the
              problem).   If  your  groff version is less than 1.19.2, mom will silently continue
              processing, using either the fallback font or the font that was in effect prior  to
              the invalid .FT call.

              .FT will also accept, as an argument, a full family and font name.

              For example,
                     .FT HB
              will set subsequent type in Helvetica Bold.

              However,  I  strongly recommend keeping family and font separate except where doing
              so is genuinely inconvenient.

              For inline control of fonts, see Inline Escapes, font control.

       .HI [ <measure> ]
              Hanging indent — the optional argument requires a unit of measure.

              A hanging indent looks like this:
                       The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as best I
                         could, but when he ventured upon insult, I vowed
                         revenge.  You who so well know the nature of my soul
                         will not suppose, however, that I gave utterance to a
                         threat, at length I would be avenged...
              The first line of text hangs outside the left margin.

              In order to use hanging indents, you must first have a left indent active (set with
              either  .IL  or  .IB).   Mom  will  not  hang text outside the left margin set with
              .L_MARGIN or outside the left margin of a tab.

              The first time you invoke .HI, you must give it a measure.  If you want  the  first
              line of a paragraph to hang by, say, 1 pica, do
                     .IL 1P
                     .HI 1P
              Subsequent  invocations  of  .HI  do not require you to supply a measure; mom keeps
              track of the last measure you gave it.

              Generally speaking, you should invoke .HI immediately prior to the  line  you  want
              hung  (i.e.  without  any  intervening control lines).  And because hanging indents
              affect only one line, there's no need to turn them off.

              IMPORTANT: Unlike IL, IR and IB, measures given to .HI are NOT additive.  Each time
              you  pass  a measure to .HI , the measure is treated literally.  Recipe: A numbered
              list using hanging indents

              Note: mom has macros for setting lists.  This recipe exists to demonstrate the  use
              of hanging indents only.
                     .PAGE 8.5i 11i 1i 1i 1i 1i
                     .FAMILY  T
                     .FT      R
                     .PT_SIZE 12
                     .LS      14
                     .JUSTIFY
                     .KERN
                     .SS 0
                     .IL \w'\0\0.'
                     .HI \w'\0\0.'
                     1.\0The most important point to be considered is whether the
                     answer to the meaning of Life, the Universe, and Everything
                     really is 42.  We have no-one's word on the subject except
                     Mr. Adams'.
                     .HI
                     2.\0If the answer to the meaning of Life, the Universe,
                     and Everything is indeed 42, what impact does this have on
                     the politics of representation?  42 is, after all not a
                     prime number.  Are we to infer that prime numbers don't
                     deserve equal rights and equal access in the universe?
                     .HI
                     3.\0If 42 is deemed non-exclusionary, how do we present it
                     as the answer and, at the same time, forestall debate on its
                     exclusionary implications?

              First,  we  invoke  a  left  indent  with a measure equal to the width of 2 figures
              spaces plus a period (using the \w inline escape).  At this point, the left  indent
              is  active;  text  afterwards  would  normally  be  indented.  However, we invoke a
              hanging indent of exactly the same width, which hangs the  first  line  (and  first
              line  only!)  to  the  left  of the indent by the same distance (in this case, that
              means “out to the left margin”).  Because we begin the first line with a number,  a
              period, and a figure space, the actual text (The most important point...) starts at
              exactly the same spot as the indented lines that follow.

              Notice that subsequent invocations of .HI don't require a measure to be given.

              Paste the example above into a file and preview it with
                     pdfmom filename.mom | ps2pdf - filename.pdf
              to see hanging indents in action.

       .IB [ <left measure> <right measure> ]
              Indent both — the optional argument requires a unit of measure

              .IB allows you to set or invoke a left and a right indent at the same time.

              At its first invocation, you must supply a measure for both indents; at  subsequent
              invocations  when  you wish to supply a measure, both must be given again.  As with
              .IL and .IR, the measures are added to the values previously passed to  the  macro.
              Hence,  if  you wish to change just one of the values, you must give an argument of
              zero to the other.

              A word of advice: If you need to manipulate left and right indents separately,  use
              a combination of .IL and .IR instead of .IB.  You'll save yourself a lot of grief.

              A  minus  sign  may  be  prepended  to the arguments to subtract from their current
              values.  The \w inline escape may be used to specify  text-dependent  measures,  in
              which case no unit of measure is required.  For example,
                     .IB \w'margarine' \w'jello'
              left indents text by the width of the word margarine and right indents by the width
              of jello.

              Like .IL and .IR, .IB with no argument indents by its last active values.  See  the
              brief explanation of how mom handles indents for more details.

              Note: Calling a tab (with .TAB <n>) automatically cancels any active indents.

              Additional note: Invoking .IB automatically turns off .IL and .IR.

       .IL [ <measure> ]
              Indent left — the optional argument requires a unit of measure

              .IL  indents text from the left margin of the page, or if you're in a tab, from the
              left edge of the tab.  Once IL is on, the left indent is applied uniformly to every
              subsequent line of text, even if you change the line length.

              The  first time you invoke .IL, you must give it a measure.  Subsequent invocations
              with a measure add to the previous measure.  A minus sign may be prepended  to  the
              argument to subtract from the current measure.  The \w inline escape may be used to
              specify a text-dependent measure, in which case no unit  of  measure  is  required.
              For example,
                     .IL \w'margarine'
              indents text by the width of the word margarine.

              With  no argument, .IL indents by its last active value.  See the brief explanation
              of how mom handles indents for more details.

              Note: Calling a tab (with .TAB <n>) automatically cancels any active indents.

              Additional note: Invoking .IL automatically turns off IB.

       .IQ [ <measure> ]
              IQ — quit any/all indents

              IMPORTANT NOTE: The original macro for quitting all indents was  .IX.   This  usage
              has  been  deprecated  in favour of IQ.  .IX will continue to behave as before, but
              mom will issue  a  warning  to  stderr  indicating  that  you  should  update  your
              documents.

              As  a  consequence  of  this change, .ILX, .IRX and .IBX may now also be invoked as
              .ILQ, .IRQ and .IBQ.  Both forms are acceptable.

              Without an argument, the macros  to  quit  indents  merely  restore  your  original
              margins  and  line length.  The measures stored in the indent macros themselves are
              saved so you can call them again without having to supply a measure.

              If you pass these macros the optional argument CLEAR, they not  only  restore  your
              original  left  margin and line length, but also clear any values associated with a
              particular indent style.  The next time you need an indent of the same  style,  you
              have to supply a measure again.

              .IQ  CLEAR,  as you'd suspect, quits and clears the values for all indent styles at
              once.

       .IR [ <measure> ]
              Indent right — the optional argument requires a unit of measure

              .IR indents text from the right margin of the page, or if you're in a tab, from the
              end of the tab.

              The  first time you invoke .IR, you must give it a measure.  Subsequent invocations
              with a measure add to the previous indent measure.  A minus sign may  be  prepended
              to  the argument to subtract from the current indent measure.  The \w inline escape
              may be used to specify a text-dependent measure, in which case no unit  of  measure
              is required.  For example,
                     .IR \w'jello'
              indents text by the width of the word jello.

              With  no argument, .IR indents by its last active value.  See the brief explanation
              of how mom handles indents for more details.

              Note: Calling a tab (with .TAB <n>) automatically cancels any active indents.

              Additional note: Invoking .IR automatically turns off IB.

       .L_MARGIN <left margin>
              Left Margin

              L_MARGIN establishes the distance from the left edge of the printer sheet at  which
              you  want your type to start.  It may be used any time, and remains in effect until
              you enter a new value.

              Left indents and tabs are calculated from the value you pass  to  .L_MARGIN,  hence
              it's  always  a  good idea to invoke it before starting any serious typesetting.  A
              unit of measure is required.  Decimal fractions are allowed.  Therefore, to set the
              left margin at 3 picas (1/2 inch), you'd enter either
                     .L_MARGIN 3P
              or
                     .L_MARGIN .5i

              If  you  use  the  macros  .PAGE,  .PAGEWIDTH  or .PAPER without invoking .L_MARGIN
              (either before or afterwards), mom automatically sets .L_MARGIN to 1 inch.

              Note: .L_MARGIN behaves in a special way when you're using the document  processing
              macros.

       .MCO   Begin multi-column setting.

              .MCO  (Multi-Column  On)  is  the  macro you use to begin multi-column setting.  It
              marks the current baseline as the top of your columns, for  use  later  with  .MCR.
              See the introduction to columns for an explanation of multi-columns and some sample
              input.

              Note: Do not confuse .MCO with  the  .COLUMNS  macro  in  the  document  processing
              macros.

       .MCR   Once  you've turned multi-columns on (with .MCO), .MCR, at any time, returns you to
              the top of your columns.

       .MCX [ <distance to advance below longest column> ]
              Optional argument requires a unit of measure.

              .MCX takes you out of any tab you were in (by silently invoking .TQ)  and  advances
              to the bottom of the longest column.

              Without an argument, .MCX advances 1 linespace below the longest column.

              Linespace,  in  this  instance,  is  the  leading  in  effect at the moment .MCX is
              invoked.

              If you pass the <distance> argument to .MCX, it  advances  1  linespace  below  the
              longest  column  (see  above)  PLUS  the  distance  specified by the argument.  The
              argument requires a unit of measure; therefore, to advance an extra 6 points  below
              where .MCX would normally place you, you'd enter
                     .MCX 6p

              Note:  If  you wish to advance a precise distance below the baseline of the longest
              column, use .MCX with an argument of 0 (zero;  no  unit  of  measure  required)  in
              conjunction with the .ALD macro, like this:
                     .MCX 0
                     .ALD 24p
              The above advances to precisely 24 points below the baseline of the longest column.

       .NEWPAGE

              Whenever  you  want  to start a new page, use .NEWPAGE, by itself with no argument.
              Mom will finish up processing the current page and move you to the top of a new one
              (subject to the top margin set with .T_MARGIN).

       .PAGE <width> [ <length> [ <lm> [ <rm> [ <tm> [ <bm> ] ] ] ] ]

              All arguments require a unit of measure

              IMPORTANT:  If  you're  using the document processing macros, .PAGE must come after
              .START.  Otherwise, it should go at the top of a document, prior to any text.   And
              remember,  when  you're using the document processing macros, top margin and bottom
              margin  mean  something  slightly  different  than  when  you're  using  just   the
              typesetting macros (see Top and bottom margins in document processing).

              .PAGE  lets  you  establish  paper dimensions and page margins with a single macro.
              The only required argument is page width.  The rest are  optional,  but  they  must
              appear  in  order  and you can't skip over any.  <lm>, <rm>, <tm> and <bm> refer to
              the left, right, top and bottom margins respectively.

              Assuming your page dimensions are 11 inches by 17 inches, and that's all  you  want
              to set, enter
                     .PAGE 11i 17i
              If  you  want  to set the left margin as well, say, at 1 inch, PAGE would look like
              this:
                     .PAGE 11i 17i 1i

              Now suppose you also want to set the top margin, say, at 1–1/2 inches.  <tm>  comes
              after  <rm>  in  the  optional  arguments,  but  you can't skip over any arguments,
              therefore to set the top margin, you must also give  a  right  margin.   The  .PAGE
              macro would look like this:
                     .PAGE 11i 17i 1i 1i 1.5i
                                      |   |
                     required right---+   +---top margin
                             margin

              Clearly,  .PAGE  is  best  used when you want a convenient way to tell mom just the
              dimensions of your printer sheet (width and length), or when you want to  tell  her
              everything about the page (dimensions and all the margins), for example
                     .PAGE 8.5i 11i 45p 45p 45p 45p
              This sets up an 8½ by 11 inch page with margins of 45 points (5/8-inch) all around.

              Additionally, if you invoke .PAGE with a top margin argument, any macros you invoke
              after .PAGE will almost certainly move the baseline of the first line of text  down
              by one linespace.  To compensate, do
                     .RLD 1v
              immediately  before  entering  any  text, or, if it's feasible, make .PAGE the last
              macro you invoke prior to entering text.

              Please read the Important note on page dimensions and papersize for information  on
              ensuring groff respects your .PAGE dimensions and margins.

       .PAGELENGTH <length of printer sheet>
              tells mom how long your printer sheet is.  It works just like .PAGEWIDTH.

              Therefore, to tell mom your printer sheet is 11 inches long, you enter
                     .PAGELENGTH 11i
              Please  read the important note on page dimensions and papersize for information on
              ensuring groff respects your PAGELENGTH.

       .PAGEWIDTH <width of printer sheet>

              The argument to .PAGEWIDTH is the width of your printer sheet.

              .PAGEWIDTH requires a unit of measure.  Decimal fractions are allowed.   Hence,  to
              tell mom that the width of your printer sheet is 8½ inches, you enter
                     .PAGEWIDTH 8.5i

              Please  read the Important note on page dimensions and papersize for information on
              ensuring groff respects your PAGEWIDTH.

       .PAPER <paper type>
              provides a convenient way to set the page dimensions for some common printer  sheet
              sizes.  The argument <paper type> can be one of: LETTER, LEGAL, STATEMENT, TABLOID,
              LEDGER, FOLIO, QUARTO, EXECUTIVE, 10x14, A3, A4, A5, B4, B5.

       .PRINTSTYLE

       .PT_SIZE <size of type in points>
              Point size of type, does not require a unit of measure.

              .PT_SIZE (Point Size) takes one argument: the size of type in points.  Unlike  most
              other  macros  that  establish  the size or measure of something, .PT_SIZE does not
              require that you supply a unit of measure since it's a  near  universal  convention
              that  type size is measured in points.  Therefore, to change the type size to, say,
              11 points, enter
                     .PT_SIZE 11
              Point sizes may be fractional (e.g. 10.25 or 12.5).

              You can prepend a plus or a minus sign to the argument to .PT_SIZE, in  which  case
              the  point  size will be changed by + or - the original value.  For example, if the
              point size is 12 , and you want 14 , you can do
                     .PT_SIZE +2
              then later reset it to 12 with
                     .PT_SIZE -2
              The size of type can also be changed inline.

              Note: It is unfortunate that the pic preprocessor has already taken the  name,  PS,
              and  thus mom's macro for setting point sizes can't use it.  However, if you aren't
              using pic, you might want to alias .PT_SIZE as .PS, since there'd be  no  conflict.
              For example
                     .ALIAS PS PT_SIZE
              would allow you to set point sizes with .PS.

       .R_MARGIN <right margin>
              Right Margin

              Requires a unit of measure.

              IMPORTANT:  .R_MARGIN,  if  used,  must  come  after .PAPER, .PAGEWIDTH, .L_MARGIN,
              and/or .PAGE (if a right margin isn't given to PAGE).  The reason is that .R_MARGIN
              calculates line length from the overall page dimensions and the left margin.

              Obviously,  it can't make the calculation if it doesn't know the page width and the
              left margin.

              .R_MARGIN establishes the amount of space you want between the end of typeset lines
              and  the  right  hand  edge of the printer sheet.  In other words, it sets the line
              length.  .R_MARGIN requires a unit of measure.  Decimal fractions are allowed.

              The line length macro (LL) can be used in place of .R_MARGIN.  In either case,  the
              last  one  invoked  sets the line length.  The choice of which to use is up to you.
              In some instances, you may find it easier to think of a section of type as having a
              right margin.  In others, giving a line length may make more sense.

              For  example,  if you're setting a page of type you know should have 6-pica margins
              left and right, it makes sense to enter a left and right margin, like this:
                     .L_MARGIN 6P
                     .R_MARGIN 6P

              That way, you don't have to worry about calculating the line length.  On the  other
              hand,  if  you  know  the  line length for a patch of type should be 17 picas and 3
              points, entering the line length with LL is much easier than calculating the  right
              margin, e.g.
                     .LL 17P+3p

              If  you  use  the  macros  .PAGE,  .PAGEWIDTH  or  PAPER without invoking .R_MARGIN
              afterwards, mom automatically sets .R_MARGIN to 1 inch.  If you set a  line  length
              after  these  macros  (with  .LL),  the  line length calculated by .R_MARGIN is, of
              course, overridden.

              Note: .R_MARGIN behaves in a special way when you're using the document  processing
              macros.

       .ST <tab number> L | R | C | J [ QUAD ]

              After string tabs have been marked off on an input line (see \*[ST]...\*[STX]), you
              need to set them by giving them a direction and, optionally, the QUAD argument.

              In this respect, .ST is like .TAB_SET except that you don't have  to  give  .ST  an
              indent   or   a   line   length   (that's   already   taken  care  of,  inline,  by
              \*[ST]...\*[STX]).

              If you want string tab 1 to be left, enter
                     .ST 1 L
              If you want it to be left and filled, enter
                     .ST 1 L QUAD
              If you want it to be justified, enter
                     .ST 1 J

       .TAB <tab number>
              After tabs have been defined (either with .TAB_SET or .ST), .TAB moves to  whatever
              tab number you pass it as an argument.

              For example,
                     .TAB 3
              moves you to tab 3.

              Note: .TAB breaks the line preceding it and advances 1 linespace.  Hence,
                     .TAB 1
                     A line of text in tab 1.
                     .TAB 2
                     A line of text in tab 2.
              produces, on output
                     A line of text in tab 1.
                                                  A line of text in tab 2.

              If  you  want  the  tabs  to line up, use .TN (Tab Next) or, more conveniently, the
              inline escape \*[TB+]:
                     .TAB 1
                     A line of text in tab 1.\*[TB+]
                     A line of text in tab 2.
              which produces
                     A line of text in tab 1.   A line of text in tab 2.

              If the text in your tabs runs to several lines, and you want  the  first  lines  of
              each tab to align, you must use the multi-column macros.

              Additional  note:  Any  indents  in effect prior to calling a tab are automatically
              turned off by TAB.  If you were happily zipping down the page with a left indent of
              2 picas turned on, and you call a tab whose indent from the left margin is 6 picas,
              your new distance from the left margin will be 6 picas, not I 6 picas  plus  the  2
              pica indent.

              Tabs are not by nature columnar, which is to say that if the text inside a tab runs
              to several lines, calling another tab does not automatically move to  the  baseline
              of the first line in the previous tab.  To demonstrate:
                     TAB 1
                     Carrots
                     Potatoes
                     Broccoli
                     .TAB 2
                     $1.99/5 lbs
                     $0.25/lb
                     $0.99/bunch
              produces, on output
                     Carrots
                     Potatoes
                     Broccoli
                                 $1.99/5 lbs
                                 $0.25/lb
                                 $0.99/bunch

       .TB <tab number>
              Alias to .TAB

       .TI [ <measure> ]
              Temporary left indent — the optional argument requires a unit of measure

              A  temporary  indent  is one that applies only to the first line of text that comes
              after it.  Its chief use is indenting the first line  of  paragraphs.   (Mom's  .PP
              macro, for example, uses a temporary indent.)

              The  first  time you invoke .TI, you must give it a measure.  If you want to indent
              the first line of a paragraph by, say, 2 ems, do
                     .TI 2m

              Subsequent invocations of .TI do not require you to supply  a  measure;  mom  keeps
              track of the last measure you gave it.

              Because temporary indents are temporary, there's no need to turn them off.

              IMPORTANT:  Unlike .IL, .IR and IB, measures given to .TI are NOT additive.  In the
              following example, the second ".TI 2P" is exactly 2 picas.
                     .TI 1P
                     The beginning of a paragraph...
                     .TI 2P
                     The beginning of another paragraph...

       .TN    Tab Next

              Inline escape \*[TB+]

              TN moves over to the next tab in numeric sequence (tab n+1)  without  advancing  on
              the  page.  See the NOTE in the description of the .TAB macro for an example of how
              TN works.

              In tabs that aren't given the QUAD argument when they're set up  with  .TAB_SET  or
              ST,  you  must  terminate  the  line  preceding  .TN  with  the  \c  inline escape.
              Conversely, if you did give a QUAD argument to .TAB_SET or ST, the \c must  not  be
              used.

              If  you find remembering whether to put in the \c bothersome, you may prefer to use
              the inline escape alternative to .TN, \*[TB+], which works consistently  regardless
              of the fill mode.

              Note: You must put text in the input line immediately after .TN.  Stacking of .TN's
              is not allowed.  In other words, you cannot do
                     .TAB 1
                     Some text\c
                     .TN
                     Some more text\c
                     .TN
                     .TN
                     Yet more text
              The above example, assuming tabs numbered from 1 to 4, should be entered
                     .TAB 1
                     Some text\c
                     .TN
                     Some more text\c
                     .TN
                     \&\c
                     .TN
                     Yet more text
              \& is a zero-width, non-printing character that groff recognizes  as  valid  input,
              hence meets the requirement for input text following .TN.

       .TQ    TQ  takes  you  out of whatever tab you were in, advances 1 linespace, and restores
              the left margin, line length, quad direction and fill  mode  that  were  in  effect
              prior to invoking any tabs.

       .T_MARGIN <top margin>
              Top margin

              Requires a unit of measure

              .T_MARGIN  establishes  the distance from the top of the printer sheet at which you
              want your type to start.  It requires a unit of measure, and decimal fractions  are
              allowed.  To set a top margin of 2½ centimetres, you'd enter
                     .T_MARGIN 2.5c
              .T_MARGIN  calculates  the vertical position of the first line of type on a page by
              treating the top edge of the printer sheet as a baseline.  Therefore,
                     .T_MARGIN 1.5i
              puts the baseline of the first line of type 1½ inches beneath the top of the page.

              Note: .T_MARGIN means something slightly different when you're using  the  document
              processing  macros.   See  Top  and  bottom  margins  in document processing for an
              explanation.

              IMPORTANT: .T_MARGIN does two things: it establishes the top margin for pages  that
              come  after  it  and  it  moves  to  that position on the current page.  Therefore,
              .T_MARGIN should only be used at the top of a file  (prior  to  entering  text)  or
              after NEWPAGE, like this:
                     .NEWPAGE
                     .T_MARGIN 6P
                     <text>

AUTHORS

       mom was written by Peter Schaffter ⟨peter@schaffter.ca⟩.  PDF support was provided by Deri
       James ⟨deri@chuzzlewit.demon.co.uk⟩.  The alphabetical documentation of macros and  escape
       sequences in this man page were written by the mom team.

SEE ALSO

       groff(1), groff_mom(7),

       /usr/share/doc/groff-base/html/mom/toc.html
              – entry point to the HTML documentation

       ⟨http://www.schaffter.ca/mom/momdoc/toc.html⟩
              – HTML documentation online

       ⟨http://www.schaffter.ca/mom/⟩
              – the mom macros homepage