Provided by: libarchive-zip-perl_1.68-1_all 
NAME
Archive::Zip - Provide an interface to ZIP archive files.
SYNOPSIS
# Create a Zip file
use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES :CONSTANTS );
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
# Add a directory
my $dir_member = $zip->addDirectory( 'dirname/' );
# Add a file from a string with compression
my $string_member = $zip->addString( 'This is a test', 'stringMember.txt' );
$string_member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_DEFLATED );
# Add a file from disk
my $file_member = $zip->addFile( 'xyz.pl', 'AnotherName.pl' );
# Save the Zip file
unless ( $zip->writeToFileNamed('someZip.zip') == AZ_OK ) {
die 'write error';
}
# Read a Zip file
my $somezip = Archive::Zip->new();
unless ( $somezip->read( 'someZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
die 'read error';
}
# Change the compression type for a file in the Zip
my $member = $somezip->memberNamed( 'stringMember.txt' );
$member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
unless ( $zip->writeToFileNamed( 'someOtherZip.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
die 'write error';
}
DESCRIPTION
The Archive::Zip module allows a Perl program to create, manipulate, read, and write Zip
archive files.
Zip archives can be created, or you can read from existing zip files.
Once created, they can be written to files, streams, or strings. Members can be added,
removed, extracted, replaced, rearranged, and enumerated. They can also be renamed or
have their dates, comments, or other attributes queried or modified. Their data can be
compressed or uncompressed as needed.
Members can be created from members in existing Zip files, or from existing directories,
files, or strings.
This module uses the Compress::Raw::Zlib library to read and write the compressed streams
inside the files.
One can use Archive::Zip::MemberRead to read the zip file archive members as if they were
files.
File Naming
Regardless of what your local file system uses for file naming, names in a Zip file are in
Unix format (forward slashes (/) separating directory names, etc.).
"Archive::Zip" tries to be consistent with file naming conventions, and will translate
back and forth between native and Zip file names.
However, it can't guess which format names are in. So two rules control what kind of file
name you must pass various routines:
Names of files are in local format.
"File::Spec" and "File::Basename" are used for various file operations. When you're
referring to a file on your system, use its file naming conventions.
Names of archive members are in Unix format.
This applies to every method that refers to an archive member, or provides a name for
new archive members. The "extract()" methods that can take one or two names will
convert from local to zip names if you call them with a single name.
Archive::Zip Object Model
Overview
Archive::Zip::Archive objects are what you ordinarily deal with. These maintain the
structure of a zip file, without necessarily holding data. When a zip is read from a disk
file, the (possibly compressed) data still lives in the file, not in memory. Archive
members hold information about the individual members, but not (usually) the actual member
data. When the zip is written to a (different) file, the member data is compressed or
copied as needed. It is possible to make archive members whose data is held in a string
in memory, but this is not done when a zip file is read. Directory members don't have any
data.
Inheritance
Exporter
Archive::Zip Common base class, has defs.
Archive::Zip::Archive A Zip archive.
Archive::Zip::Member Abstract superclass for all members.
Archive::Zip::StringMember Member made from a string
Archive::Zip::FileMember Member made from an external file
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember Member that lives in a zip file
Archive::Zip::NewFileMember Member whose data is in a file
Archive::Zip::DirectoryMember Member that is a directory
EXPORTS
:CONSTANTS
Exports the following constants:
FA_MSDOS FA_UNIX GPBF_ENCRYPTED_MASK GPBF_DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_MASK
GPBF_HAS_DATA_DESCRIPTOR_MASK COMPRESSION_STORED COMPRESSION_DEFLATED
IFA_TEXT_FILE_MASK IFA_TEXT_FILE IFA_BINARY_FILE COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE
COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION
ZIP64_SUPPORTED ZIP64_AS_NEEDED ZIP64_EOCD ZIP64_HEADERS
:MISC_CONSTANTS
Exports the following constants (only necessary for extending the module):
FA_AMIGA FA_VAX_VMS FA_VM_CMS FA_ATARI_ST FA_OS2_HPFS FA_MACINTOSH FA_Z_SYSTEM FA_CPM
FA_WINDOWS_NTFS GPBF_IMPLODING_8K_SLIDING_DICTIONARY_MASK
GPBF_IMPLODING_3_SHANNON_FANO_TREES_MASK GPBF_IS_COMPRESSED_PATCHED_DATA_MASK
COMPRESSION_SHRUNK DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_NORMAL DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_MAXIMUM
DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_FAST DEFLATING_COMPRESSION_SUPER_FAST COMPRESSION_REDUCED_1
COMPRESSION_REDUCED_2 COMPRESSION_REDUCED_3 COMPRESSION_REDUCED_4 COMPRESSION_IMPLODED
COMPRESSION_TOKENIZED COMPRESSION_DEFLATED_ENHANCED
COMPRESSION_PKWARE_DATA_COMPRESSION_LIBRARY_IMPLODED
:ERROR_CODES
Explained below. Returned from most methods.
AZ_OK AZ_STREAM_END AZ_ERROR AZ_FORMAT_ERROR AZ_IO_ERROR
ERROR CODES
Many of the methods in Archive::Zip return error codes. These are implemented as inline
subroutines, using the "use constant" pragma. They can be imported into your namespace
using the ":ERROR_CODES" tag:
use Archive::Zip qw( :ERROR_CODES );
...
unless ( $zip->read( 'myfile.zip' ) == AZ_OK ) {
die "whoops!";
}
AZ_OK (0)
Everything is fine.
AZ_STREAM_END (1)
The read stream (or central directory) ended normally.
AZ_ERROR (2)
There was some generic kind of error.
AZ_FORMAT_ERROR (3)
There is a format error in a ZIP file being read.
AZ_IO_ERROR (4)
There was an IO error.
Compression
Archive::Zip allows each member of a ZIP file to be compressed (using the Deflate
algorithm) or uncompressed.
Other compression algorithms that some versions of ZIP have been able to produce are not
supported. Each member has two compression methods: the one it's stored as (this is always
COMPRESSION_STORED for string and external file members), and the one you desire for the
member in the zip file.
These can be different, of course, so you can make a zip member that is not compressed out
of one that is, and vice versa.
You can inquire about the current compression and set the desired compression method:
my $member = $zip->memberNamed( 'xyz.txt' );
$member->compressionMethod(); # return current compression
# set to read uncompressed
$member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
# set to read compressed
$member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_DEFLATED );
There are two different compression methods:
COMPRESSION_STORED
File is stored (no compression)
COMPRESSION_DEFLATED
File is Deflated
Compression Levels
If a member's desiredCompressionMethod is COMPRESSION_DEFLATED, you can choose different
compression levels. This choice may affect the speed of compression and decompression, as
well as the size of the compressed member data.
$member->desiredCompressionLevel( 9 );
The levels given can be:
• 0 or COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE
This is the same as saying
$member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
• 1 .. 9
1 gives the best speed and worst compression, and 9 gives the best compression and
worst speed.
• COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST
This is a synonym for level 1.
• COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION
This is a synonym for level 9.
• COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT
This gives a good compromise between speed and compression, and is currently
equivalent to 6 (this is in the zlib code). This is the level that will be used if
not specified.
Archive::Zip Methods
The Archive::Zip class (and its invisible subclass Archive::Zip::Archive) implement
generic zip file functionality. Creating a new Archive::Zip object actually makes an
Archive::Zip::Archive object, but you don't have to worry about this unless you're
subclassing.
Constructor
new( [$fileName] )
new( { filename => $fileName } )
Make a new, empty zip archive.
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
If an additional argument is passed, new() will call read() to read the contents of an
archive:
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new( 'xyz.zip' );
If a filename argument is passed and the read fails for any reason, new will return
undef. For this reason, it may be better to call read separately.
Zip Archive Utility Methods
These Archive::Zip methods may be called as functions or as object methods. Do not call
them as class methods:
$zip = Archive::Zip->new();
$crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' ); # OK
$crc = $zip->computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' ); # also OK
$crc = Archive::Zip->computeCRC32( 'ghijkl' ); # NOT OK
Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( $string [, $crc] )
Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( { string => $string [, checksum => $crc ] } )
This is a utility function that uses the Compress::Raw::Zlib CRC routine to compute a
CRC-32. You can get the CRC of a string:
$crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( $string );
Or you can compute the running CRC:
$crc = 0;
$crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'abcdef', $crc );
$crc = Archive::Zip::computeCRC32( 'ghijkl', $crc );
Archive::Zip::setChunkSize( $number )
Archive::Zip::setChunkSize( { chunkSize => $number } )
Report or change chunk size used for reading and writing. This can make big
differences in dealing with large files. Currently, this defaults to 32K. This also
changes the chunk size used for Compress::Raw::Zlib. You must call setChunkSize()
before reading or writing. This is not exportable, so you must call it like:
Archive::Zip::setChunkSize( 4096 );
or as a method on a zip (though this is a global setting). Returns old chunk size.
Archive::Zip::chunkSize()
Returns the current chunk size:
my $chunkSize = Archive::Zip::chunkSize();
Archive::Zip::setErrorHandler( \&subroutine )
Archive::Zip::setErrorHandler( { subroutine => \&subroutine } )
Change the subroutine called with error strings. This defaults to \&Carp::carp, but
you may want to change it to get the error strings. This is not exportable, so you
must call it like:
Archive::Zip::setErrorHandler( \&myErrorHandler );
If myErrorHandler is undef, resets handler to default. Returns old error handler.
Note that if you call Carp::carp or a similar routine or if you're chaining to the
default error handler from your error handler, you may want to increment the number of
caller levels that are skipped (do not just set it to a number):
$Carp::CarpLevel++;
Archive::Zip::tempFile( [ $tmpdir ] )
Archive::Zip::tempFile( { tempDir => $tmpdir } )
Create a uniquely named temp file. It will be returned open for read/write. If $tmpdir
is given, it is used as the name of a directory to create the file in. If not given,
creates the file using "File::Spec::tmpdir()". Generally, you can override this choice
using the
$ENV{TMPDIR}
environment variable. But see the File::Spec documentation for your system. Note that
on many systems, if you're running in taint mode, then you must make sure that
$ENV{TMPDIR} is untainted for it to be used. Will NOT create $tmpdir if it does not
exist (this is a change from prior versions!). Returns file handle and name:
my ($fh, $name) = Archive::Zip::tempFile();
my ($fh, $name) = Archive::Zip::tempFile('myTempDir');
my $fh = Archive::Zip::tempFile(); # if you don't need the name
Zip Archive Accessors
members()
Return a copy of the members array
my @members = $zip->members();
numberOfMembers()
Return the number of members I have
memberNames()
Return a list of the (internal) file names of the zip members
memberNamed( $string )
memberNamed( { zipName => $string } )
Return ref to member whose filename equals given filename or undef. $string must be in
Zip (Unix) filename format.
membersMatching( $regex )
membersMatching( { regex => $regex } )
Return array of members whose filenames match given regular expression in list
context. Returns number of matching members in scalar context.
my @textFileMembers = $zip->membersMatching( '.*\.txt' );
# or
my $numberOfTextFiles = $zip->membersMatching( '.*\.txt' );
zip64()
Returns whether the previous read or write of the archive has been done in zip64
format.
desiredZip64Mode()
Gets or sets which parts of the archive should be written in zip64 format: All parts
as needed (ZIP64_AS_NEEDED), the default, force writing the zip64 end of central
directory record (ZIP64_EOCD), force writing the zip64 EOCD record and all headers in
zip64 format (ZIP64_HEADERS).
versionMadeBy()
versionNeededToExtract()
Gets the fields from the zip64 end of central directory record. These are always 0 if
the archive is not in zip64 format.
diskNumber()
Return the disk that I start on. Not used for writing zips, but might be interesting
if you read a zip in. This should be 0, as Archive::Zip does not handle multi-volume
archives.
diskNumberWithStartOfCentralDirectory()
Return the disk number that holds the beginning of the central directory. Not used for
writing zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in. This should be 0, as
Archive::Zip does not handle multi-volume archives.
numberOfCentralDirectoriesOnThisDisk()
Return the number of CD structures in the zipfile last read in. Not used for writing
zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.
numberOfCentralDirectories()
Return the number of CD structures in the zipfile last read in. Not used for writing
zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.
centralDirectorySize()
Returns central directory size, as read from an external zip file. Not used for
writing zips, but might be interesting if you read a zip in.
centralDirectoryOffsetWRTStartingDiskNumber()
Returns the offset into the zip file where the CD begins. Not used for writing zips,
but might be interesting if you read a zip in.
zipfileComment( [ $string ] )
zipfileComment( [ { comment => $string } ] )
Get or set the zipfile comment. Returns the old comment.
print $zip->zipfileComment();
$zip->zipfileComment( 'New Comment' );
eocdOffset()
Returns the (unexpected) number of bytes between where the EOCD was found and where it
expected to be. This is normally 0, but would be positive if something (a virus,
perhaps) had added bytes somewhere before the EOCD. Not used for writing zips, but
might be interesting if you read a zip in. Here is an example of how you can diagnose
this:
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new('somefile.zip');
if ($zip->eocdOffset())
{
warn "A virus has added ", $zip->eocdOffset, " bytes of garbage\n";
}
The "eocdOffset()" is used to adjust the starting position of member headers, if
necessary.
fileName()
Returns the name of the file last read from. If nothing has been read yet, returns an
empty string; if read from a file handle, returns the handle in string form.
Zip Archive Member Operations
Various operations on a zip file modify members. When a member is passed as an argument,
you can either use a reference to the member itself, or the name of a member. Of course,
using the name requires that names be unique within a zip (this is not enforced).
removeMember( $memberOrName )
removeMember( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrName } )
Remove and return the given member, or match its name and remove it. Returns undef if
member or name does not exist in this Zip. No-op if member does not belong to this
zip.
replaceMember( $memberOrName, $newMember )
replaceMember( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrName, newMember => $newMember } )
Remove and return the given member, or match its name and remove it. Replace with new
member. Returns undef if member or name does not exist in this Zip, or if $newMember
is undefined.
It is an (undiagnosed) error to provide a $newMember that is a member of the zip being
modified.
my $member1 = $zip->removeMember( 'xyz' );
my $member2 = $zip->replaceMember( 'abc', $member1 );
# now, $member2 (named 'abc') is not in $zip,
# and $member1 (named 'xyz') is, having taken $member2's place.
extractMember( $memberOrName [, $extractedName ] )
extractMember( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrName [, name => $extractedName ] } )
Extract the given member, or match its name and extract it. Returns undef if member
does not exist in this Zip. If optional second arg is given, use it as the name of the
extracted member. Otherwise, the internal filename of the member is used as the name
of the extracted file or directory. If you pass $extractedName, it should be in the
local file system's format. If you do not pass $extractedName and the internal
filename traverses a parent directory or a symbolic link, the extraction will be
aborted with "AC_ERROR" for security reason. All necessary directories will be
created. Returns "AZ_OK" on success.
extractMemberWithoutPaths( $memberOrName [, $extractedName ] )
extractMemberWithoutPaths( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrName [, name => $extractedName ]
} )
Extract the given member, or match its name and extract it. Does not use path
information (extracts into the current directory). Returns undef if member does not
exist in this Zip. If optional second arg is given, use it as the name of the
extracted member (its paths will be deleted too). Otherwise, the internal filename of
the member (minus paths) is used as the name of the extracted file or directory.
Returns "AZ_OK" on success. If you do not pass $extractedName and the internal
filename is equalled to a local symbolic link, the extraction will be aborted with
"AC_ERROR" for security reason.
addMember( $member )
addMember( { member => $member } )
Append a member (possibly from another zip file) to the zip file. Returns the new
member. Generally, you will use addFile(), addDirectory(), addFileOrDirectory(),
addString(), or read() to add members.
# Move member named 'abc' to end of zip:
my $member = $zip->removeMember( 'abc' );
$zip->addMember( $member );
updateMember( $memberOrName, $fileName )
updateMember( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrName, name => $fileName } )
Update a single member from the file or directory named $fileName. Returns the
(possibly added or updated) member, if any; "undef" on errors. The comparison is
based on "lastModTime()" and (in the case of a non-directory) the size of the file.
addFile( $fileName [, $newName, $compressionLevel ] )
addFile( { filename => $fileName [, zipName => $newName, compressionLevel =>
$compressionLevel } ] )
Append a member whose data comes from an external file, returning the member or undef.
The member will have its file name set to the name of the external file, and its
desiredCompressionMethod set to COMPRESSION_DEFLATED. The file attributes and last
modification time will be set from the file. If the name given does not represent a
readable plain file or symbolic link, undef will be returned. $fileName must be in the
format required for the local file system. The optional $newName argument sets the
internal file name to something different than the given $fileName. $newName, if
given, must be in Zip name format (i.e. Unix). The text mode bit will be set if the
contents appears to be text (as returned by the "-T" perl operator).
NOTE that you should not (generally) use absolute path names in zip member names, as
this will cause problems with some zip tools as well as introduce a security hole and
make the zip harder to use.
addDirectory( $directoryName [, $fileName ] )
addDirectory( { directoryName => $directoryName [, zipName => $fileName ] } )
Append a member created from the given directory name. The directory name does not
have to name an existing directory. If the named directory exists, the file
modification time and permissions are set from the existing directory, otherwise they
are set to now and permissive default permissions. $directoryName must be in local
file system format. The optional second argument sets the name of the archive member
(which defaults to $directoryName). If given, it must be in Zip (Unix) format.
Returns the new member.
addFileOrDirectory( $name [, $newName, $compressionLevel ] )
addFileOrDirectory( { name => $name [, zipName => $newName, compressionLevel =>
$compressionLevel ] } )
Append a member from the file or directory named $name. If $newName is given, use it
for the name of the new member. Will add or remove trailing slashes from $newName as
needed. $name must be in local file system format. The optional second argument sets
the name of the archive member (which defaults to $name). If given, it must be in Zip
(Unix) format.
addString( $stringOrStringRef, $name, [$compressionLevel] )
addString( { string => $stringOrStringRef [, zipName => $name, compressionLevel =>
$compressionLevel ] } )
Append a member created from the given string or string reference. The name is given
by the second argument. Returns the new member. The last modification time will be
set to now, and the file attributes will be set to permissive defaults.
my $member = $zip->addString( 'This is a test', 'test.txt' );
contents( $memberOrMemberName [, $newContents ] )
contents( { memberOrZipName => $memberOrMemberName [, contents => $newContents ] } )
Returns the uncompressed data for a particular member, or undef.
print "xyz.txt contains " . $zip->contents( 'xyz.txt' );
Also can change the contents of a member:
$zip->contents( 'xyz.txt', 'This is the new contents' );
If called expecting an array as the return value, it will include the status as the
second value in the array.
($content, $status) = $zip->contents( 'xyz.txt');
Zip Archive I/O operations
A Zip archive can be written to a file or file handle, or read from one.
writeToFileNamed( $fileName )
writeToFileNamed( { fileName => $fileName } )
Write a zip archive to named file. Returns "AZ_OK" on success.
my $status = $zip->writeToFileNamed( 'xx.zip' );
die "error somewhere" if $status != AZ_OK;
Note that if you use the same name as an existing zip file that you read in, you will
clobber ZipFileMembers. So instead, write to a different file name, then delete the
original. If you use the "overwrite()" or "overwriteAs()" methods, you can re-write
the original zip in this way. $fileName should be a valid file name on your system.
writeToFileHandle( $fileHandle [, $seekable] )
Write a zip archive to a file handle. Return AZ_OK on success. The optional second arg
tells whether or not to try to seek backwards to re-write headers. If not provided, it
is set if the Perl "-f" test returns true. This could fail on some operating systems,
though.
my $fh = IO::File->new( 'someFile.zip', 'w' );
unless ( $zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh ) == AZ_OK ) {
# error handling
}
If you pass a file handle that is not seekable (like if you're writing to a pipe or a
socket), pass a false second argument:
my $fh = IO::File->new( '| cat > somefile.zip', 'w' );
$zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh, 0 ); # fh is not seekable
If this method fails during the write of a member, that member and all following it
will return false from "wasWritten()". See writeCentralDirectory() for a way to deal
with this. If you want, you can write data to the file handle before passing it to
writeToFileHandle(); this could be used (for instance) for making self-extracting
archives. However, this only works reliably when writing to a real file (as opposed to
STDOUT or some other possible non-file).
See examples/selfex.pl for how to write a self-extracting archive.
writeCentralDirectory( $fileHandle [, $offset ] )
writeCentralDirectory( { fileHandle => $fileHandle [, offset => $offset ] } )
Writes the central directory structure to the given file handle.
Returns AZ_OK on success. If given an $offset, will seek to that point before writing.
This can be used for recovery in cases where writeToFileHandle or writeToFileNamed
returns an IO error because of running out of space on the destination file.
You can truncate the zip by seeking backwards and then writing the directory:
my $fh = IO::File->new( 'someFile.zip', 'w' );
my $retval = $zip->writeToFileHandle( $fh );
if ( $retval == AZ_IO_ERROR ) {
my @unwritten = grep { not $_->wasWritten() } $zip->members();
if (@unwritten) {
$zip->removeMember( $member ) foreach my $member ( @unwritten );
$zip->writeCentralDirectory( $fh,
$unwritten[0]->writeLocalHeaderRelativeOffset());
}
}
overwriteAs( $newName )
overwriteAs( { filename => $newName } )
Write the zip to the specified file, as safely as possible. This is done by first
writing to a temp file, then renaming the original if it exists, then renaming the
temp file, then deleting the renamed original if it exists. Returns AZ_OK if
successful.
overwrite()
Write back to the original zip file. See overwriteAs() above. If the zip was not ever
read from a file, this generates an error.
read( $fileName )
read( { filename => $fileName } )
Read zipfile headers from a zip file, appending new members. Returns "AZ_OK" or error
code.
my $zipFile = Archive::Zip->new();
my $status = $zipFile->read( '/some/FileName.zip' );
readFromFileHandle( $fileHandle, $filename )
readFromFileHandle( { fileHandle => $fileHandle, filename => $filename } )
Read zipfile headers from an already-opened file handle, appending new members. Does
not close the file handle. Returns "AZ_OK" or error code. Note that this requires a
seekable file handle; reading from a stream is not yet supported, but using in-memory
data is.
my $fh = IO::File->new( '/some/FileName.zip', 'r' );
my $zip1 = Archive::Zip->new();
my $status = $zip1->readFromFileHandle( $fh );
my $zip2 = Archive::Zip->new();
$status = $zip2->readFromFileHandle( $fh );
Read zip using in-memory data (recursable):
open my $fh, "<", "archive.zip" or die $!;
my $zip_data = do { local $.; <$fh> };
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new;
open my $dh, "+<", \$zip_data;
$zip->readFromFileHandle ($dh);
Zip Archive Tree operations
These used to be in Archive::Zip::Tree but got moved into Archive::Zip. They enable
operation on an entire tree of members or files. A usage example:
use Archive::Zip;
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new();
# add all readable files and directories below . as xyz/*
$zip->addTree( '.', 'xyz' );
# add all readable plain files below /abc as def/*
$zip->addTree( '/abc', 'def', sub { -f && -r } );
# add all .c files below /tmp as stuff/*
$zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.c$' );
# add all .o files below /tmp as stuff/* if they aren't writable
$zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.o$', sub { ! -w } );
# add all .so files below /tmp that are smaller than 200 bytes as stuff/*
$zip->addTreeMatching( '/tmp', 'stuff', '\.o$', sub { -s < 200 } );
# and write them into a file
$zip->writeToFileNamed('xxx.zip');
# now extract the same files into /tmpx
$zip->extractTree( 'stuff', '/tmpx' );
$zip->addTree( $root, $dest [, $pred, $compressionLevel ] ) -- Add tree of files to a zip
$zip->addTree( { root => $root, zipName => $dest [, select => $pred, compressionLevel =>
$compressionLevel ] )
$root is the root of the tree of files and directories to be added. It is a valid
directory name on your system. $dest is the name for the root in the zip file (undef
or blank means to use relative pathnames). It is a valid ZIP directory name (that is,
it uses forward slashes (/) for separating directory components). $pred is an optional
subroutine reference to select files: it is passed the name of the prospective file or
directory using $_, and if it returns true, the file or directory will be included.
The default is to add all readable files and directories. For instance, using
my $pred = sub { /\.txt/ };
$zip->addTree( '.', '', $pred );
will add all the .txt files in and below the current directory, using relative names,
and making the names identical in the zipfile:
original name zip member name
./xyz xyz
./a/ a/
./a/b a/b
To translate absolute to relative pathnames, just pass them in: $zip->addTree( '/c/d',
'a' );
original name zip member name
/c/d/xyz a/xyz
/c/d/a/ a/a/
/c/d/a/b a/a/b
Returns AZ_OK on success. Note that this will not follow symbolic links to
directories. Note also that this does not check for the validity of filenames.
Note that you generally don't want to make zip archive member names absolute.
$zip->addTreeMatching( $root, $dest, $pattern [, $pred, $compressionLevel ] )
$zip->addTreeMatching( { root => $root, zipName => $dest, pattern => $pattern [, select =>
$pred, compressionLevel => $compressionLevel ] } )
$root is the root of the tree of files and directories to be added $dest is the name
for the root in the zip file (undef means to use relative pathnames) $pattern is a
(non-anchored) regular expression for filenames to match $pred is an optional
subroutine reference to select files: it is passed the name of the prospective file or
directory in $_, and if it returns true, the file or directory will be included. The
default is to add all readable files and directories. To add all files in and below
the current directory whose names end in ".pl", and make them extract into a
subdirectory named "xyz", do this:
$zip->addTreeMatching( '.', 'xyz', '\.pl$' )
To add all writable files in and below the directory named "/abc" whose names end in
".pl", and make them extract into a subdirectory named "xyz", do this:
$zip->addTreeMatching( '/abc', 'xyz', '\.pl$', sub { -w } )
Returns AZ_OK on success. Note that this will not follow symbolic links to
directories.
$zip->updateTree( $root [, $dest , $pred , $mirror, $compressionLevel ] );
$zip->updateTree( { root => $root [, zipName => $dest, select => $pred, mirror => $mirror,
compressionLevel => $compressionLevel ] } );
Update a zip file from a directory tree.
"updateTree()" takes the same arguments as "addTree()", but first checks to see
whether the file or directory already exists in the zip file, and whether it has been
changed.
If the fourth argument $mirror is true, then delete all my members if corresponding
files were not found.
Returns an error code or AZ_OK if all is well.
$zip->extractTree( [ $root, $dest, $volume } ] )
$zip->extractTree( [ { root => $root, zipName => $dest, volume => $volume } ] )
If you don't give any arguments at all, will extract all the files in the zip with
their original names.
If you supply one argument for $root, "extractTree" will extract all the members whose
names start with $root into the current directory, stripping off $root first. $root
is in Zip (Unix) format. For instance,
$zip->extractTree( 'a' );
when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:
a/x as ./x
a/b/c as ./b/c
If you give two arguments, "extractTree" extracts all the members whose names start
with $root. It will translate $root into $dest to construct the destination file name.
$root and $dest are in Zip (Unix) format. For instance,
$zip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e' );
when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:
a/x to d/e/x
a/b/c to d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e
If you give three arguments, "extractTree" extracts all the members whose names start
with $root. It will translate $root into $dest to construct the destination file name,
and then it will convert to local file system format, using $volume as the name of the
destination volume.
$root and $dest are in Zip (Unix) format.
$volume is in local file system format.
For instance, under Windows,
$zip->extractTree( 'a', 'd/e', 'f:' );
when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:
a/x to f:d/e/x
a/b/c to f:d/e/b/c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e
If you want absolute paths (the prior example used paths relative to the current
directory on the destination volume, you can specify these in $dest:
$zip->extractTree( 'a', '/d/e', 'f:' );
when applied to a zip containing the files: a/x a/b/c ax/d/e d/e will extract:
a/x to f:\d\e\x
a/b/c to f:\d\e\b\c and ignore ax/d/e and d/e
If the path to the extracted file traverses a parent directory or a symbolic link, the
extraction will be aborted with "AC_ERROR" for security reason. Returns an error code
or AZ_OK if everything worked OK.
Archive::Zip Global Variables
$Archive::Zip::UNICODE
This variable governs how Unicode file and directory names are added to or extracted
from an archive. If set, file and directory names are considered to be UTF-8 encoded.
This is EXPERIMENTAL AND BUGGY (there are some edge cases on Win32). Please report
problems.
{
local $Archive::Zip::UNICODE = 1;
$zip->addFile('Déjà vu.txt');
}
MEMBER OPERATIONS
Member Class Methods
Several constructors allow you to construct members without adding them to a zip archive.
These work the same as the addFile(), addDirectory(), and addString() zip instance methods
described above, but they don't add the new members to a zip.
Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( $stringOrStringRef [, $fileName ] )
Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( { string => $stringOrStringRef [, zipName =>
$fileName ] )
Construct a new member from the given string. Returns undef on error.
my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( 'This is a test' );
my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( 'This is a test', 'test.txt' );
my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromString( { string => 'This is a test', zipName => 'test.txt' } );
newFromFile( $fileName [, $zipName ] )
newFromFile( { filename => $fileName [, zipName => $zipName ] } )
Construct a new member from the given file. Returns undef on error.
my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newFromFile( 'xyz.txt' );
newDirectoryNamed( $directoryName [, $zipname ] )
newDirectoryNamed( { directoryName => $directoryName [, zipName => $zipname ] } )
Construct a new member from the given directory. $directoryName must be a valid name
on your file system; it does not have to exist.
If given, $zipname will be the name of the zip member; it must be a valid Zip (Unix)
name. If not given, it will be converted from $directoryName.
Returns undef on error.
my $member = Archive::Zip::Member->newDirectoryNamed( 'CVS/' );
Member Simple Accessors
These methods get (and/or set) member attribute values.
The zip64 format requires parts of the member data to be stored in the so-called extra
fields. You cannot get nor set this zip64 data through the extra field accessors
described in this section. In fact, the low-level member methods ensure that the zip64
data in the extra fields is handled completely transparently and invisibly to the user
when members are read or written.
zip64()
Returns whether the previous read or write of the member has been done in zip64
format.
desiredZip64Mode()
Gets or sets whether the member's headers should be written in zip64 format: As needed
(ZIP64_AS_NEEDED), the default, or always (ZIP64_HEADERS).
versionMadeBy()
Gets the field from the member header.
fileAttributeFormat( [ $format ] )
fileAttributeFormat( [ { format => $format ] } )
Gets or sets the field from the member header. These are "FA_*" values.
versionNeededToExtract()
Gets the field from the member header.
bitFlag()
Gets the general purpose bit field from the member header. This is where the "GPBF_*"
bits live.
compressionMethod()
Returns the member compression method. This is the method that is currently being used
to compress the member data. This will be COMPRESSION_STORED for added string or file
members, or any of the "COMPRESSION_*" values for members from a zip file. However,
this module can only handle members whose data is in COMPRESSION_STORED or
COMPRESSION_DEFLATED format.
desiredCompressionMethod( [ $method ] )
desiredCompressionMethod( [ { compressionMethod => $method } ] )
Get or set the member's "desiredCompressionMethod". This is the compression method
that will be used when the member is written. Returns prior desiredCompressionMethod.
Only COMPRESSION_DEFLATED or COMPRESSION_STORED are valid arguments. Changing to
COMPRESSION_STORED will change the member desiredCompressionLevel to 0; changing to
COMPRESSION_DEFLATED will change the member desiredCompressionLevel to
COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT.
desiredCompressionLevel( [ $level ] )
desiredCompressionLevel( [ { compressionLevel => $level } ] )
Get or set the member's desiredCompressionLevel This is the method that will be used
to write. Returns prior desiredCompressionLevel. Valid arguments are 0 through 9,
COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE, COMPRESSION_LEVEL_DEFAULT, COMPRESSION_LEVEL_BEST_COMPRESSION,
and COMPRESSION_LEVEL_FASTEST. 0 or COMPRESSION_LEVEL_NONE will change the
desiredCompressionMethod to COMPRESSION_STORED. All other arguments will change the
desiredCompressionMethod to COMPRESSION_DEFLATED.
externalFileName()
Return the member's external file name, if any, or undef.
fileName()
Get or set the member's internal filename. Returns the (possibly new) filename. Names
will have backslashes converted to forward slashes, and will have multiple consecutive
slashes converted to single ones.
lastModFileDateTime()
Return the member's last modification date/time stamp in MS-DOS format.
lastModTime()
Return the member's last modification date/time stamp, converted to unix localtime
format.
print "Mod Time: " . scalar( localtime( $member->lastModTime() ) );
setLastModFileDateTimeFromUnix()
Set the member's lastModFileDateTime from the given unix time.
$member->setLastModFileDateTimeFromUnix( time() );
internalFileAttributes()
Return the internal file attributes field from the zip header. This is only set for
members read from a zip file.
externalFileAttributes()
Return member attributes as read from the ZIP file. Note that these are NOT UNIX!
unixFileAttributes( [ $newAttributes ] )
unixFileAttributes( [ { attributes => $newAttributes } ] )
Get or set the member's file attributes using UNIX file attributes. Returns old
attributes.
my $oldAttribs = $member->unixFileAttributes( 0666 );
Note that the return value has more than just the file permissions, so you will have
to mask off the lowest bits for comparisons.
localExtraField( [ $newField ] )
localExtraField( [ { field => $newField } ] )
Gets or sets the extra field that was read from the local header. The extra field must
be in the proper format. If it is not or if the new field contains data related to
the zip64 format, this method does not modify the extra field and returns
AZ_FORMAT_ERROR, otherwise it returns AZ_OK.
cdExtraField( [ $newField ] )
cdExtraField( [ { field => $newField } ] )
Gets or sets the extra field that was read from the central directory header. The
extra field must be in the proper format. If it is not or if the new field contains
data related to the zip64 format, this method does not modify the extra field and
returns AZ_FORMAT_ERROR, otherwise it returns AZ_OK.
extraFields()
Return both local and CD extra fields, concatenated.
fileComment( [ $newComment ] )
fileComment( [ { comment => $newComment } ] )
Get or set the member's file comment.
hasDataDescriptor()
Get or set the data descriptor flag. If this is set, the local header will not
necessarily have the correct data sizes. Instead, a small structure will be stored at
the end of the member data with these values. This should be transparent in normal
operation.
crc32()
Return the CRC-32 value for this member. This will not be set for members that were
constructed from strings or external files until after the member has been written.
crc32String()
Return the CRC-32 value for this member as an 8 character printable hex string. This
will not be set for members that were constructed from strings or external files until
after the member has been written.
compressedSize()
Return the compressed size for this member. This will not be set for members that were
constructed from strings or external files until after the member has been written.
uncompressedSize()
Return the uncompressed size for this member.
password( [ $password ] )
Returns the password for this member to be used on decryption. If $password is given,
it will set the password for the decryption.
isEncrypted()
Return true if this member is encrypted. The Archive::Zip module does not currently
support creation of encrypted members. Decryption works more or less like this:
my $zip = Archive::Zip->new;
$zip->read ("encrypted.zip");
for my $m (map { $zip->memberNamed ($_) } $zip->memberNames) {
$m->password ("secret");
$m->contents; # is "" when password was wrong
That shows that the password has to be set per member, and not per archive. This might
change in the future.
isTextFile( [ $flag ] )
isTextFile( [ { flag => $flag } ] )
Returns true if I am a text file. Also can set the status if given an argument (then
returns old state). Note that this module does not currently do anything with this
flag upon extraction or storage. That is, bytes are stored in native format whether or
not they came from a text file.
isBinaryFile()
Returns true if I am a binary file. Also can set the status if given an argument (then
returns old state). Note that this module does not currently do anything with this
flag upon extraction or storage. That is, bytes are stored in native format whether or
not they came from a text file.
extractToFileNamed( $fileName )
extractToFileNamed( { name => $fileName } )
Extract me to a file with the given name. The file will be created with default modes.
Directories will be created as needed. The $fileName argument should be a valid file
name on your file system. Returns AZ_OK on success.
isDirectory()
Returns true if I am a directory.
isSymbolicLink()
Returns true if I am a symbolic link.
writeLocalHeaderRelativeOffset()
Returns the file offset in bytes the last time I was written.
wasWritten()
Returns true if I was successfully written. Reset at the beginning of a write attempt.
Low-level member data reading
It is possible to use lower-level routines to access member data streams, rather than the
extract* methods and contents(). For instance, here is how to print the uncompressed
contents of a member in chunks using these methods:
my ( $member, $status, $bufferRef );
$member = $zip->memberNamed( 'xyz.txt' );
$member->desiredCompressionMethod( COMPRESSION_STORED );
$status = $member->rewindData();
die "error $status" unless $status == AZ_OK;
while ( ! $member->readIsDone() )
{
( $bufferRef, $status ) = $member->readChunk();
die "error $status"
if $status != AZ_OK && $status != AZ_STREAM_END;
# do something with $bufferRef:
print $$bufferRef;
}
$member->endRead();
readChunk( [ $chunkSize ] )
readChunk( [ { chunkSize => $chunkSize } ] )
This reads the next chunk of given size from the member's data stream and compresses
or uncompresses it as necessary, returning a reference to the bytes read and a status.
If size argument is not given, defaults to global set by Archive::Zip::setChunkSize.
Status is AZ_OK on success until the last chunk, where it returns AZ_STREAM_END.
Returns "( \$bytes, $status)".
my ( $outRef, $status ) = $self->readChunk();
print $$outRef if $status != AZ_OK && $status != AZ_STREAM_END;
rewindData()
Rewind data and set up for reading data streams or writing zip files. Can take options
for "inflateInit()" or "deflateInit()", but this is not likely to be necessary.
Subclass overrides should call this method. Returns "AZ_OK" on success.
endRead()
Reset the read variables and free the inflater or deflater. Must be called to close
files, etc. Returns AZ_OK on success.
readIsDone()
Return true if the read has run out of data or encountered an error.
contents()
Return the entire uncompressed member data or undef in scalar context. When called in
array context, returns "( $string, $status )"; status will be AZ_OK on success:
my $string = $member->contents();
# or
my ( $string, $status ) = $member->contents();
die "error $status" unless $status == AZ_OK;
Can also be used to set the contents of a member (this may change the class of the
member):
$member->contents( "this is my new contents" );
extractToFileHandle( $fh )
extractToFileHandle( { fileHandle => $fh } )
Extract (and uncompress, if necessary) the member's contents to the given file handle.
Return AZ_OK on success.
For members representing symbolic links, pass the name of the symbolic link as file
handle. Ensure that all directories in the path to the symbolic link already exist.
Archive::Zip::FileMember methods
The Archive::Zip::FileMember class extends Archive::Zip::Member. It is the base class for
both ZipFileMember and NewFileMember classes. This class adds an "externalFileName" and an
"fh" member to keep track of the external file.
externalFileName()
Return the member's external filename.
fh()
Return the member's read file handle. Automatically opens file if necessary.
Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember methods
The Archive::Zip::ZipFileMember class represents members that have been read from external
zip files.
diskNumberStart()
Returns the disk number that the member's local header resides in. Should be 0.
localHeaderRelativeOffset()
Returns the offset into the zip file where the member's local header is.
dataOffset()
Returns the offset from the beginning of the zip file to the member's data.
REQUIRED MODULES
Archive::Zip requires several other modules:
Carp
Compress::Raw::Zlib
Cwd
File::Basename
File::Copy
File::Find
File::Path
File::Spec
IO::File
IO::Seekable
Time::Local
BUGS AND CAVEATS
When not to use Archive::Zip
If you are just going to be extracting zips (and/or other archives) you are recommended to
look at using Archive::Extract instead, as it is much easier to use and factors out
archive-specific functionality.
Zip64 Format Support
Since version 1.66 Archive::Zip supports the so-called zip64 format, which overcomes
various limitations in the original zip file format. On some Perl interpreters, however,
even version 1.66 and newer of Archive::Zip cannot support the zip64 format. Among these
are all Perl interpreters that lack 64-bit support and those older than version 5.10.0.
Constant "ZIP64_SUPPORTED", exported with tag :CONSTANTS, equals true if Archive::Zip on
the current Perl interpreter supports the zip64 format. If it does not and you try to
read or write an archive in zip64 format, anyway, Archive::Zip returns an error "AZ_ERROR"
and reports an error message along the lines of "zip64 format not supported on this Perl
interpreter".
"versionMadeBy" and "versionNeededToExtract"
The zip64 format and the zip file format in general specify what values to use for the
"versionMadeBy" and "versionNeededToExtract" fields in the local file header, central
directory file header, and zip64 EOCD record. In practice however, these fields seem to
be more or less randomly used by various archiver implementations.
To achieve a compromise between backward compatibility and (whatever) standard compliance,
Archive::Zip handles them as follows:
• For field "versionMadeBy", Archive::Zip uses default value 20 (45 for the zip64 EOCD
record) or any previously read value. It never changes that value when writing a
header, even if it is written in zip64 format, or when writing the zip64 EOCD record.
• Likewise for field "versionNeededToExtract", but here Archive::Zip forces a minimum
value of 45 when writing a header in zip64 format or the zip64 EOCD record.
• Finally, Archive::Zip never depends on the values of these fields in any way when
reading an archive from a file or file handle.
Try to avoid IO::Scalar
One of the most common ways to use Archive::Zip is to generate Zip files in-memory. Most
people use IO::Scalar for this purpose.
Unfortunately, as of 1.11 this module no longer works with IO::Scalar as it incorrectly
implements seeking.
Anybody using IO::Scalar should consider porting to IO::String, which is smaller, lighter,
and is implemented to be perfectly compatible with regular seekable filehandles.
Support for IO::Scalar most likely will not be restored in the future, as IO::Scalar
itself cannot change the way it is implemented due to back-compatibility issues.
Wrong password for encrypted members
When an encrypted member is read using the wrong password, you currently have to re-read
the entire archive to try again with the correct password.
TO DO
* auto-choosing storing vs compression
* extra field hooks (see notes.txt)
* check for duplicates on addition/renaming?
* Text file extraction (line end translation)
* Reading zip files from non-seekable inputs
(Perhaps by proxying through IO::String?)
* separate unused constants into separate module
* cookbook style docs
* Handle tainted paths correctly
* Work on better compatibility with other IO:: modules
* Support encryption
* More user-friendly decryption
SUPPORT
Bugs should be reported on GitHub
<https://github.com/redhotpenguin/perl-Archive-Zip/issues>
For other issues contact the maintainer.
AUTHOR
Currently maintained by Fred Moyer <fred@redhotpenguin.com>
Previously maintained by Adam Kennedy <adamk@cpan.org>
Previously maintained by Steve Peters <steve@fisharerojo.org>.
File attributes code by Maurice Aubrey <maurice@lovelyfilth.com>.
Originally by Ned Konz <nedkonz@cpan.org>.
COPYRIGHT
Some parts copyright 2006 - 2012 Adam Kennedy.
Some parts copyright 2005 Steve Peters.
Original work copyright 2000 - 2004 Ned Konz.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
terms as Perl itself.
SEE ALSO
Look at Archive::Zip::MemberRead which is a wrapper that allows one to read Zip archive
members as if they were files.
Compress::Raw::Zlib, Archive::Tar, Archive::Extract