NAME

       Image::Math::Constrain - Scaling math used in image size constraining (such as thumbnails)

SYNOPSIS

         use Image::Math::Constrain;

         # Create the math object
         my $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new(64, 48);

         # Get the scaling values for an arbitrary image
         my $Image = My::Image->load("myimage.jpg");
         my $scaling = $math->constrain($Image->width, $Image->height);
         die "Don't need to scale" if $scaling->{scale} == 1;

         # Returns the three values as a list when called in array contect
         my ($width, $height, $scale) = $math->constrain(800, 600);

         # There are lots of different ways to specify the constrain

         # Constrain based on width only
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new(100, 0);

         # Constrain based on height only
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new(0, 100);

         # Or you can provide the two values by ARRAY ref
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new( [ 64, 48 ] );

         # Constrain height and width by the same value
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new(100);

         # Various string forms to do the same thing
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new('constrain(800x600)');
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new('300x200');
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new('300w200h');
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new('100w');
         $math = Image::Math::Constrain->new('100h');

         # Serialises back to 'constrain(800x600)'.
         # You can use this to store the object if you wish.
         my $string = $math->as_string;

DESCRIPTION

       There are a number of different modules and systems that constrain image sizes, such as
       thumbnailing. Every one of these independantly implement the same logic. That is, given a
       width and/or height constraint, they check to see if the image is bigger than the
       constraint, and if so scale the image down proportionally so that it fits withint the
       constraints.

       Of course, they all do it slightly differnetly, and some do it better than others.

       "Image::Math::Constrain" has been created specifically to implement this logic once, and
       implement it properly. Any module or script that does image size constraining or
       thumbnailing should probably be using this for its math.

METHODS

   new $width, $height
       -head2 new [ $width, $height ]

new $width_and_height

   new $string
       The "new" constructor takes the dimentions to which you wish to constrain and creates a
       new math object.

       You can feed a number of different height/width pairs to this object, and it will returns
       the scaling you will need to do to shrink the image down to the constraints, and the final
       width and height of the image after scaling, at least one of which should match the
       constraint.

       A value of zero is used to indicate that a dimension should not be constrained. Thus,
       "->new(400, 0)" would indicate to constrain the width to 400 pixels, but to ignore the
       height (only changing it to keep the image proportional).

       The constraint dimensions can be provided in a number of different formats. See the
       Synopsis for a quick list of these. To stay compatible with automated constraint
       generators, you can provide constrains as zero width and zero height, and the math object
       will not attempt to do any scaling, always returning the input width/height, and a scaling
       value of 1.

       Once created, the object is fully Storable and re-usable and does not store any state
       information from a single calculation run.

       Returns a new Image::Math::Constrain object, or "undef" if the constraints have been
       defined wrongly.

   width
       The "width" method gets the width constraint for the object.

       Returns a positive integer, or zero if there is no width constraint.

   height
       The "height" method gets the height constrain for the object.

       Returns a positive integer, or zero if there is no height constraint.

   as_string
       The "as_string" method returns the constrain rule as a string in the format
       'constrain(123x123)'. This string form is also supported by the constructor and so it
       provides a good way to serialise the constrain rule, should you ever need to do so.

       As this value is not localisable, it should never really be shown to the user directly,
       unless you are sure you will never add i18n to your app.

   constrain $width, $height
       The "constrain" method takes the height and width of an image and applies the constrain
       math to them to get the final width, height and the scaling value needed in order to get
       the your image from it's current size to the final size.

       The resulting size will be in proportion to the original (it will have the same aspect
       ratio) and will never be larger than the original.

       When called in array context, returns the new dimensions and scaling value as a list, as
       in the following.

         my ($width, $height, $scale) = $math->constrain(800, 600);

       When called in scalar context, it returns a reference to a hash containing the keys
       'width', 'height', and 'scale'.

         my $hash = $math->constrain(800, 600);

         print "New Width  : $hash->{width}\n";
         print "New Height : $hash->{height}\n";
         print "Scaling By : $hash->{scalar}\n";

       Having been created correctly, the object will only return an error if the width and
       height arguments are not correct (are not positive integers).

       In list context, returns a null list, so all three values will be "undef".

       In scalar context, just returns "undef".

TO DO

       - Write more special-case unit tests

SUPPORT

       Bugs should always be submitted via the CPAN bug tracker

       <http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Image-Math-Constrain>

       For other issues, contact the maintainer

AUTHORS

       Adam Kennedy <adamk@cpan.org>

       Thank you to Phase N (<http://phase-n.com/>) for permitting the open sourcing and release
       of this distribution.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright 2004 - 2008 Adam Kennedy.

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same
       terms as Perl itself.

       The full text of the license can be found in the LICENSE file included with this module.