Provided by: liblapack-doc_3.12.0-3build1.1_all 
NAME
hpsvx - {hp,sp}svx: factor and solve, expert
SYNOPSIS
Functions
subroutine chpsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, rwork, info)
CHPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
subroutine cspsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, rwork, info)
CSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
subroutine dspsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, iwork, info)
DSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
subroutine sspsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, iwork, info)
SSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
subroutine zhpsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, rwork, info)
ZHPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
subroutine zspsvx (fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr,
work, rwork, info)
ZSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER
matrices
Detailed Description
Function Documentation
subroutine chpsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, complex,
dimension( * ) ap, complex, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv, complex,
dimension( ldb, * ) b, integer ldb, complex, dimension( ldx, * ) x, integer ldx, real
rcond, real, dimension( * ) ferr, real, dimension( * ) berr, complex, dimension( * ) work,
real, dimension( * ) rwork, integer info)
CHPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
CHPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**H or
A = L*D*L**H to compute the solution to a complex system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N Hermitian matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**H, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**H, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is Hermitian and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form of
A. AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is COMPLEX array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the Hermitian matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is COMPLEX array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**H or A = L*D*L**H as computed by CHPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**H or A = L*D*L**H as computed by CHPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by CHPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by CHPTRF.
B
B is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is REAL
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is COMPLEX array, dimension (2*N)
RWORK
RWORK is REAL array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the Hermitian matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = conjg(aji))
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
subroutine cspsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, complex,
dimension( * ) ap, complex, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv, complex,
dimension( ldb, * ) b, integer ldb, complex, dimension( ldx, * ) x, integer ldx, real
rcond, real, dimension( * ) ferr, real, dimension( * ) berr, complex, dimension( * ) work,
real, dimension( * ) rwork, integer info)
CSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
CSPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**T or
A = L*D*L**T to compute the solution to a complex system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N symmetric matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**T, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**T, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is symmetric and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form
of A. AP, AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is COMPLEX array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the symmetric matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is COMPLEX array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by CSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by CSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by CSPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by CSPTRF.
B
B is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is COMPLEX array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is REAL
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is COMPLEX array, dimension (2*N)
RWORK
RWORK is REAL array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the symmetric matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = aji)
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
subroutine dspsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, double precision,
dimension( * ) ap, double precision, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv,
double precision, dimension( ldb, * ) b, integer ldb, double precision, dimension( ldx, *
) x, integer ldx, double precision rcond, double precision, dimension( * ) ferr, double
precision, dimension( * ) berr, double precision, dimension( * ) work, integer, dimension(
* ) iwork, integer info)
DSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
DSPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**T or
A = L*D*L**T to compute the solution to a real system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N symmetric matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**T, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**T, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is symmetric and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form of
A. AP, AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the symmetric matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by DSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by DSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by DSPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by DSPTRF.
B
B is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is DOUBLE PRECISION
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (3*N)
IWORK
IWORK is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the symmetric matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = aji)
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
subroutine sspsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, real, dimension( *
) ap, real, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv, real, dimension( ldb, * ) b,
integer ldb, real, dimension( ldx, * ) x, integer ldx, real rcond, real, dimension( * )
ferr, real, dimension( * ) berr, real, dimension( * ) work, integer, dimension( * ) iwork,
integer info)
SSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
SSPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**T or
A = L*D*L**T to compute the solution to a real system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N symmetric matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**T, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**T, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is symmetric and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form of
A. AP, AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is REAL array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the symmetric matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is REAL array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by SSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by SSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by SSPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by SSPTRF.
B
B is REAL array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is REAL array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is REAL
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is REAL array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is REAL array, dimension (3*N)
IWORK
IWORK is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the symmetric matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = aji)
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
subroutine zhpsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, complex*16,
dimension( * ) ap, complex*16, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv,
complex*16, dimension( ldb, * ) b, integer ldb, complex*16, dimension( ldx, * ) x, integer
ldx, double precision rcond, double precision, dimension( * ) ferr, double precision,
dimension( * ) berr, complex*16, dimension( * ) work, double precision, dimension( * )
rwork, integer info)
ZHPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
ZHPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**H or
A = L*D*L**H to compute the solution to a complex system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N Hermitian matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**H, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**H, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is Hermitian and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form of
A. AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the Hermitian matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**H or A = L*D*L**H as computed by ZHPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**H or A = L*D*L**H as computed by ZHPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by ZHPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by ZHPTRF.
B
B is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is DOUBLE PRECISION
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (2*N)
RWORK
RWORK is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the Hermitian matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = conjg(aji))
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
subroutine zspsvx (character fact, character uplo, integer n, integer nrhs, complex*16,
dimension( * ) ap, complex*16, dimension( * ) afp, integer, dimension( * ) ipiv,
complex*16, dimension( ldb, * ) b, integer ldb, complex*16, dimension( ldx, * ) x, integer
ldx, double precision rcond, double precision, dimension( * ) ferr, double precision,
dimension( * ) berr, complex*16, dimension( * ) work, double precision, dimension( * )
rwork, integer info)
ZSPSVX computes the solution to system of linear equations A * X = B for OTHER matrices
Purpose:
ZSPSVX uses the diagonal pivoting factorization A = U*D*U**T or
A = L*D*L**T to compute the solution to a complex system of linear
equations A * X = B, where A is an N-by-N symmetric matrix stored
in packed format and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.
Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also
provided.
Description:
The following steps are performed:
1. If FACT = 'N', the diagonal pivoting method is used to factor A as
A = U * D * U**T, if UPLO = 'U', or
A = L * D * L**T, if UPLO = 'L',
where U (or L) is a product of permutation and unit upper (lower)
triangular matrices and D is symmetric and block diagonal with
1-by-1 and 2-by-2 diagonal blocks.
2. If some D(i,i)=0, so that D is exactly singular, then the routine
returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used
to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the
reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision,
INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on
to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.
3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form
of A.
4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution
matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates
for it.
Parameters
FACT
FACT is CHARACTER*1
Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been
supplied on entry.
= 'F': On entry, AFP and IPIV contain the factored form
of A. AP, AFP and IPIV will not be modified.
= 'N': The matrix A will be copied to AFP and factored.
UPLO
UPLO is CHARACTER*1
= 'U': Upper triangle of A is stored;
= 'L': Lower triangle of A is stored.
N
N is INTEGER
The number of linear equations, i.e., the order of the
matrix A. N >= 0.
NRHS
NRHS is INTEGER
The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns
of the matrices B and X. NRHS >= 0.
AP
AP is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
The upper or lower triangle of the symmetric matrix A, packed
columnwise in a linear array. The j-th column of A is stored
in the array AP as follows:
if UPLO = 'U', AP(i + (j-1)*j/2) = A(i,j) for 1<=i<=j;
if UPLO = 'L', AP(i + (j-1)*(2*n-j)/2) = A(i,j) for j<=i<=n.
See below for further details.
AFP
AFP is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N*(N+1)/2)
If FACT = 'F', then AFP is an input argument and on entry
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by ZSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
If FACT = 'N', then AFP is an output argument and on exit
contains the block diagonal matrix D and the multipliers used
to obtain the factor U or L from the factorization
A = U*D*U**T or A = L*D*L**T as computed by ZSPTRF, stored as
a packed triangular matrix in the same storage format as A.
IPIV
IPIV is INTEGER array, dimension (N)
If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by ZSPTRF.
If IPIV(k) > 0, then rows and columns k and IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k,k) is a 1-by-1 diagonal block.
If UPLO = 'U' and IPIV(k) = IPIV(k-1) < 0, then rows and
columns k-1 and -IPIV(k) were interchanged and D(k-1:k,k-1:k)
is a 2-by-2 diagonal block. If UPLO = 'L' and IPIV(k) =
IPIV(k+1) < 0, then rows and columns k+1 and -IPIV(k) were
interchanged and D(k:k+1,k:k+1) is a 2-by-2 diagonal block.
If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit
contains details of the interchanges and the block structure
of D, as determined by ZSPTRF.
B
B is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)
The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.
LDB
LDB is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).
X
X is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)
If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.
LDX
LDX is INTEGER
The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).
RCOND
RCOND is DOUBLE PRECISION
The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix
A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in
particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working
precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of
INFO > 0.
FERR
FERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector
X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X).
If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j)
is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest
element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the
largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as
the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight
overestimate of the true error.
BERR
BERR is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)
The componentwise relative backward error of each solution
vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in
any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).
WORK
WORK is COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (2*N)
RWORK
RWORK is DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)
INFO
INFO is INTEGER
= 0: successful exit
< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value
> 0: if INFO = i, and i is
<= N: D(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization
has been completed but the factor D is exactly
singular, so the solution and error bounds could
not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned.
= N+1: D is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine
precision, meaning that the matrix is singular
to working precision. Nevertheless, the
solution and error bounds are computed because
there are a number of situations where the
computed solution can be more accurate than the
value of RCOND would suggest.
Author
Univ. of Tennessee
Univ. of California Berkeley
Univ. of Colorado Denver
NAG Ltd.
Further Details:
The packed storage scheme is illustrated by the following example
when N = 4, UPLO = 'U':
Two-dimensional storage of the symmetric matrix A:
a11 a12 a13 a14
a22 a23 a24
a33 a34 (aij = aji)
a44
Packed storage of the upper triangle of A:
AP = [ a11, a12, a22, a13, a23, a33, a14, a24, a34, a44 ]
Author
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