NAME

       REVOKE - remove access privileges

SYNOPSIS

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER }
           [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON { [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
                | ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( column_name [, ...] )
           [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( column_name [, ...] ) }
           ON [ TABLE ] table_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
           [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON { SEQUENCE sequence_name [, ...]
                | ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON DATABASE database_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON DOMAIN domain_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER fdw_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON FOREIGN SERVER server_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON { { FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | ROUTINE } function_name [ ( [ [ argmode ] [ arg_name ] arg_type [, ...] ] ) ] [, ...]
                | ALL { FUNCTIONS | PROCEDURES | ROUTINES } IN SCHEMA schema_name [, ...] }
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON LANGUAGE lang_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { SELECT | UPDATE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON LARGE OBJECT loid [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { SET | ALTER SYSTEM } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON PARAMETER configuration_parameter [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { { CREATE | USAGE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON SCHEMA schema_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON TABLESPACE tablespace_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
           { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
           ON TYPE type_name [, ...]
           FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       REVOKE [ { ADMIN | INHERIT | SET } OPTION FOR ]
           role_name [, ...] FROM role_specification [, ...]
           [ GRANTED BY role_specification ]
           [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]

       where role_specification can be:

           [ GROUP ] role_name
         | PUBLIC
         | CURRENT_ROLE
         | CURRENT_USER
         | SESSION_USER

DESCRIPTION

       The REVOKE command revokes previously granted privileges from one or more roles. The key
       word PUBLIC refers to the implicitly defined group of all roles.

       See the description of the GRANT command for the meaning of the privilege types.

       Note that any particular role will have the sum of privileges granted directly to it,
       privileges granted to any role it is presently a member of, and privileges granted to
       PUBLIC. Thus, for example, revoking SELECT privilege from PUBLIC does not necessarily mean
       that all roles have lost SELECT privilege on the object: those who have it granted
       directly or via another role will still have it. Similarly, revoking SELECT from a user
       might not prevent that user from using SELECT if PUBLIC or another membership role still
       has SELECT rights.

       If GRANT OPTION FOR is specified, only the grant option for the privilege is revoked, not
       the privilege itself. Otherwise, both the privilege and the grant option are revoked.

       If a user holds a privilege with grant option and has granted it to other users then the
       privileges held by those other users are called dependent privileges. If the privilege or
       the grant option held by the first user is being revoked and dependent privileges exist,
       those dependent privileges are also revoked if CASCADE is specified; if it is not, the
       revoke action will fail. This recursive revocation only affects privileges that were
       granted through a chain of users that is traceable to the user that is the subject of this
       REVOKE command. Thus, the affected users might effectively keep the privilege if it was
       also granted through other users.

       When revoking privileges on a table, the corresponding column privileges (if any) are
       automatically revoked on each column of the table, as well. On the other hand, if a role
       has been granted privileges on a table, then revoking the same privileges from individual
       columns will have no effect.

       When revoking membership in a role, GRANT OPTION is instead called ADMIN OPTION, but the
       behavior is similar. Note that, in releases prior to PostgreSQL 16, dependent privileges
       were not tracked for grants of role membership, and thus CASCADE had no effect for role
       membership. This is no longer the case. Note also that this form of the command does not
       allow the noise word GROUP in role_specification.

       Just as ADMIN OPTION can be removed from an existing role grant, it is also possible to
       revoke INHERIT OPTION or SET OPTION. This is equivalent to setting the value of the
       corresponding option to FALSE.

NOTES

       A user can only revoke privileges that were granted directly by that user. If, for
       example, user A has granted a privilege with grant option to user B, and user B has in
       turn granted it to user C, then user A cannot revoke the privilege directly from C.
       Instead, user A could revoke the grant option from user B and use the CASCADE option so
       that the privilege is in turn revoked from user C. For another example, if both A and B
       have granted the same privilege to C, A can revoke their own grant but not B's grant, so C
       will still effectively have the privilege.

       When a non-owner of an object attempts to REVOKE privileges on the object, the command
       will fail outright if the user has no privileges whatsoever on the object. As long as some
       privilege is available, the command will proceed, but it will revoke only those privileges
       for which the user has grant options. The REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES forms will issue a warning
       message if no grant options are held, while the other forms will issue a warning if grant
       options for any of the privileges specifically named in the command are not held. (In
       principle these statements apply to the object owner as well, but since the owner is
       always treated as holding all grant options, the cases can never occur.)

       If a superuser chooses to issue a GRANT or REVOKE command, the command is performed as
       though it were issued by the owner of the affected object. (Since roles do not have
       owners, in the case of a GRANT of role membership, the command is performed as though it
       were issued by the bootstrap superuser.) Since all privileges ultimately come from the
       object owner (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options), it is possible for a
       superuser to revoke all privileges, but this might require use of CASCADE as stated above.

       REVOKE can also be done by a role that is not the owner of the affected object, but is a
       member of the role that owns the object, or is a member of a role that holds privileges
       WITH GRANT OPTION on the object. In this case the command is performed as though it were
       issued by the containing role that actually owns the object or holds the privileges WITH
       GRANT OPTION. For example, if table t1 is owned by role g1, of which role u1 is a member,
       then u1 can revoke privileges on t1 that are recorded as being granted by g1. This would
       include grants made by u1 as well as by other members of role g1.

       If the role executing REVOKE holds privileges indirectly via more than one role membership
       path, it is unspecified which containing role will be used to perform the command. In such
       cases it is best practice to use SET ROLE to become the specific role you want to do the
       REVOKE as. Failure to do so might lead to revoking privileges other than the ones you
       intended, or not revoking anything at all.

       See Section 5.7 for more information about specific privilege types, as well as how to
       inspect objects' privileges.

EXAMPLES

       Revoke insert privilege for the public on table films:

           REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;

       Revoke all privileges from user manuel on view kinds:

           REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;

       Note that this actually means “revoke all privileges that I granted”.

       Revoke membership in role admins from user joe:

           REVOKE admins FROM joe;

COMPATIBILITY

       The compatibility notes of the GRANT command apply analogously to REVOKE. The keyword
       RESTRICT or CASCADE is required according to the standard, but PostgreSQL assumes RESTRICT
       by default.

SEE ALSO

       GRANT(7), ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES (ALTER_DEFAULT_PRIVILEGES(7))