Provided by: passwd_4.13+dfsg1-4ubuntu3.2_amd64 
名称
groupadd - 创建一个新组
大纲
groupadd [选项] NEWGROUP
描述
The groupadd command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the
default values from the system. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed.
Groupnames may contain only lower and upper case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end
with a dollar sign. Dashes are not allowed at the beginning of the groupname. Fully numeric groupnames
and groupnames . or .. are also disallowed.
On Debian, the only constraints are that groupnames must neither start with a dash ('-') nor plus ('+')
nor tilde ('~') nor contain a colon (':'), a comma (','), or a whitespace (space:' ', end of line: '\n',
tabulation: '\t', etc.).
On Ubuntu, the same constraints as Debian are in place, with the additional constraint that the groupname
cannot be fully numeric. This includes octal and hexadecimal syntax.
Groupnames may only be up to 32 characters long.
选项
The options which apply to the groupadd command are:
-f, --force
This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already
exists. When used with -g, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i.e.
-g is turned off).
-g, --gid GID
The numerical value of the group's ID. GID must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value
must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to GID_MIN
and greater than every other group.
See also the -r option and the GID_MAX description.
-h, --help
显示帮助信息并退出。
-K, --key KEY=VALUE
Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others). Multiple -K options can be
specified.
Example: -K GID_MIN=100 -K GID_MAX=499
Note: -K GID_MIN=10,GID_MAX=499 doesn't work yet.
-o, --non-unique
permits the creation of a group with an already used numerical ID. As a result, for this GID, the
mapping towards group NEWGROUP may not be unique.
-p, --password PASSWORD
defines an initial password for the group account. PASSWORD is expected to be encrypted, as returned
by crypt (3).
Without this option, the group account will be locked and with no password defined, i.e. a single
exclamation mark in the respective field of ths system account file /etc/group or /etc/gshadow.
Note: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by
users listing the processes.
您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。
-r, --system
创建一个系统组。
The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the SYS_GID_MIN-SYS_GID_MAX range, defined
in login.defs, instead of GID_MIN-GID_MAX.
-R, --root CHROOT_DIR
Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR
directory. Only absolute paths are supported.
-P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory PREFIX_DIR.
This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some
limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files.
No SELINUX support.
-U, --users
A list of usernames to add as members of the group.
The default behavior (if the -g, -N, and -U options are not specified) is defined by the
USERGROUPS_ENAB variable in /etc/login.defs.
配置文件
The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:
文件
/etc/group 组账户信息。 /etc/gshadow 安全组账户信息。 /etc/login.defs Shadow 密码套件配置。
CAVEATS
You may not add a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server.
If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, groupadd will deny the
group creation request.
退出值
The groupadd command exits with the following values:
0
success
2
invalid command syntax
3
invalid argument to option
4
GID is already used (when called without -o)
9
group name is already used
10
can't update group file
参见
chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), gpasswd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8), login.defs(5), useradd(8), userdel(8), usermod(8).