Ubuntu Manpage: pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration

Provided by: postfix-pgsql_3.9.0-3_amd64

NAME

       pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration

SYNOPSIS

       postmap -q "string" pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename

       postmap -q - pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename <inputfile

DESCRIPTION

       The  Postfix mail system uses optional tables for address rewriting or mail routing. These
       tables are usually in dbm or db format.

       Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified as PostgreSQL databases.  In  order  to  use
       PostgreSQL lookups, define a PostgreSQL source as a lookup table in main.cf, for example:
           alias_maps = pgsql:/etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf

       The  file  /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf  has the same format as the Postfix main.cf file,
       and can specify the parameters described below.

LIST MEMBERSHIP

       When using SQL  to  store  lists  such  as  $mynetworks,  $mydestination,  $relay_domains,
       $local_recipient_maps,  etc., it is important to understand that the table must store each
       list member as a separate key. The table lookup verifies the *existence* of the  key.  See
       "Postfix lists versus tables" in the DATABASE_README document for a discussion.

       Do  NOT  create  tables  that  return  the  full  list  of  domains  in  $mydestination or
       $relay_domains etc., or IP addresses in $mynetworks.

       DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with an arbitrary  value.  With  SQL
       databases it is not uncommon to return the key itself or a constant value.

PGSQL PARAMETERS

hosts The hosts that Postfix will try to connect to and query from. Besides a
postgresql:// connection URI, this setting supports the historical forms
unix:/pathname for UNIX-domain sockets and inet:host:port for TCP connections,
where the unix: and inet: prefixes are accepted and ignored for backwards
compatibility. Examples:
hosts = postgresql://username@example.com/tablename?sslmode=require
hosts = inet:host1.some.domain inet:host2.some.domain:port
hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain:port
hosts = unix:/file/name

The hosts are tried in random order. The connections are automatically closed after
being idle for about 1 minute, and are re-opened as necessary.

user

password
The user name and password to log into the pgsql server. Example:
user = someone
password = some_password

dbname The database name on the servers. Example:
dbname = customer_database

encoding
The encoding used by the database client. The default setting is:
encoding = UTF8

Historically, the database client was hard coded to use LATIN1 in an attempt to
disable multibyte character support.

This feature is available in Postfix 3.8 and later.

idle_interval (default: 60)
The number of seconds after which an idle database connection will be closed.

This feature is available in Postfix 3.9 and later.

retry_interval (default: 60)
The number of seconds that a database connection will be skipped after an error.

This feature is available in Postfix 3.9 and later.

query The SQL query template used to search the database, where %s is a substitute for
the address Postfix is trying to resolve, e.g.
query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = '%s'

This parameter supports the following '%' expansions:

%% This is replaced by a literal '%' character. (Postfix 2.2 and later)

%s This is replaced by the input key. SQL quoting is used to make sure that
the input key does not add unexpected metacharacters.

%u When the input key is an address of the form user@domain, %u is replaced by
the SQL quoted local part of the address. Otherwise, %u is replaced by the
entire search string. If the localpart is empty, the query is suppressed
and returns no results.

%d When the input key is an address of the form user@domain, %d is replaced by
the SQL quoted domain part of the address. Otherwise, the query is
suppressed and returns no results.

%[SUD] The upper-case equivalents of the above expansions behave in the query
parameter identically to their lower-case counter-parts. With the
result_format parameter (see below), they expand the input key rather than
the result value.

The above %S, %U and %D expansions are available with Postfix 2.2 and later

%[1-9] The patterns %1, %2, ... %9 are replaced by the corresponding most
significant component of the input key's domain. If the input key is
user@mail.example.com, then %1 is com, %2 is example and %3 is mail. If the
input key is unqualified or does not have enough domain components to
satisfy all the specified patterns, the query is suppressed and returns no
results.

The above %1, ... %9 expansions are available with Postfix 2.2 and later

The domain parameter described below limits the input keys to addresses in matching
domains. When the domain parameter is non-empty, SQL queries for unqualified
addresses or addresses in non-matching domains are suppressed and return no
results.

The precedence of this parameter has changed with Postfix 2.2, in prior releases
the precedence was, from highest to lowest, select_function, query, select_field,
...

With Postfix 2.2 the query parameter has highest precedence, see OBSOLETE QUERY
INTERFACES below.

NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the query parameter.

result_format (default: %s)
Format template applied to result attributes. Most commonly used to append (or
prepend) text to the result. This parameter supports the following '%' expansions:

%% This is replaced by a literal '%' character.

%s This is replaced by the value of the result attribute. When result is empty
it is skipped.

%u When the result attribute value is an address of the form user@domain, %u is
replaced by the local part of the address. When the result has an empty
localpart it is skipped.

%d When a result attribute value is an address of the form user@domain, %d is
replaced by the domain part of the attribute value. When the result is
unqualified it is skipped.

%[SUD1-9]
The upper-case and decimal digit expansions interpolate the parts of the
input key rather than the result. Their behavior is identical to that
described with query, and in fact because the input key is known in advance,
queries whose key does not contain all the information specified in the
result template are suppressed and return no results.

For example, using "result_format = smtp:[%s]" allows one to use a mailHost
attribute as the basis of a transport(5) table. After applying the result format,
multiple values are concatenated as comma separated strings. The expansion_limit
and parameter explained below allows one to restrict the number of values in the
result, which is especially useful for maps that must return at most one value.

The default value %s specifies that each result value should be used as is.

This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.

NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format!

domain (default: no domain list)
This is a list of domain names, paths to files, or "type:table" databases. When
specified, only fully qualified search keys with a *non-empty* localpart and a
matching domain are eligible for lookup: 'user' lookups, bare domain lookups and
"@domain" lookups are not performed. This can significantly reduce the query load
on the PostgreSQL server.
domain = postfix.org, hash:/etc/postfix/searchdomains

It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eligible for SQL lookups.

This parameter is available with Postfix 2.2 and later.

NOTE: DO NOT define this parameter for local(8) aliases, because the input keys are
always unqualified.

expansion_limit (default: 0)
A limit on the total number of result elements returned (as a comma separated list)
by a lookup against the map. A setting of zero disables the limit. Lookups fail
with a temporary error if the limit is exceeded. Setting the limit to 1 ensures
that lookups do not return multiple values.

OBSOLETE MAIN.CF PARAMETERS

       For compatibility with other Postfix lookup tables,  PostgreSQL  parameters  can  also  be
       defined in main.cf.  In order to do that, specify as PostgreSQL source a name that doesn't
       begin with a slash or a dot.  The PostgreSQL parameters will then  be  accessible  as  the
       name  you've  given  the  source  in  its  definition,  an underscore, and the name of the
       parameter.  For example, if the map  is  specified  as  "pgsql:pgsqlname",  the  parameter
       "hosts" would be defined in main.cf as "pgsqlname_hosts".

       Note:  with  this  form,  the passwords for the PostgreSQL sources are written in main.cf,
       which is normally world-readable.  Support for this form  will  be  removed  in  a  future
       Postfix version.

OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES

       This  section  describes  query  interfaces that are deprecated as of Postfix 2.2.  Please
       migrate to the new query interface as the old interfaces are slated to be phased out.

       select_function
              This parameter specifies a database function name. Example:
                  select_function = my_lookup_user_alias

              This is equivalent to:
                  query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias('%s')

              This parameter overrides the legacy table-related fields  (described  below).  With
              Postfix versions prior to 2.2, it also overrides the query parameter. Starting with
              Postfix 2.2, the query parameter has highest precedence,  and  the  select_function
              parameter is deprecated.

       The  following  parameters  (with  lower  precedence  than  the  select_function interface
       described above) can be used to build the SQL select statement as follows:

           SELECT [select_field]
           FROM [table]
           WHERE [where_field] = '%s'
                 [additional_conditions]

       The specifier %s is replaced with each lookup by the lookup key and is escaped  so  if  it
       contains single quotes or other odd characters, it will not cause a parse error, or worse,
       a security problem.

       Starting with Postfix 2.2, this interface is obsoleted by the more general query interface
       described  above.  If  higher precedence the query or select_function parameters described
       above are defined, the parameters described here are ignored.

       select_field
              The SQL "select" parameter. Example:
                  select_field = forw_addr

       table  The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example:
                  table = mxaliases

       where_field
              The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example:
                  where_field = alias

       additional_conditions
              Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example:
                  additional_conditions = AND status = 'paid'

README FILES

       Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.
       DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview
       PGSQL_README, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide

LICENSE

       The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

HISTORY

       PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.

AUTHOR(S)

       Based on the MySQL client by:
       Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
       IC Group, Inc.

       Ported to PostgreSQL by:
       Aaron Sethman

       Further enhanced by:
       Liviu Daia
       Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
       P.O. BOX 1-764
       RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA

                                                                                   PGSQL_TABLE(5)