oracular (3) Cache::Memcached::libmemcached.3pm.gz
NAME
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached - Cache interface to Memcached::libmemcached
SYNOPSIS
use Cache::Memcached::libmemcached;
my $memd = Cache::Memcached::libmemcached->new({
servers => [
"10.0.0.15:11211",
[ "10.0.0.15:11212", 2 ], # weight
"/var/sock/memcached"
],
compress_threshold => 10_000,
# ... many more options supported
});
$memd->set("my_key", "Some value");
$memd->set("object_key", { 'complex' => [ "object", 2, 4 ]});
$val = $memd->get("my_key");
$val = $memd->get("object_key");
print $val->{complex}->[2] if $val;
$memd->incr("key");
$memd->decr("key");
$memd->incr("key", 2);
$memd->delete("key");
$memd->remove("key"); # Alias to delete
my $hashref = $memd->get_multi(@keys);
# Import Memcached::libmemcached constants - explicitly by name or by tags
# see Memcached::libmemcached::constants for a list
use Cache::Memcached::libmemcached qw(MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_CONSISTENT);
use Cache::Memcached::libmemcached qw(
:defines
:memcached_allocated
:memcached_behavior
:memcached_callback
:memcached_connection
:memcached_hash
:memcached_return
:memcached_server_distribution
);
my $memd = Cache::Memcached::libmemcached->new({
distribution_method => MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_CONSISTENT,
hashing_algorithm => MEMCACHED_HASH_FNV1A_32,
behavior_... => ...,
...
});
DESCRIPTION
This is the Cache::Memcached compatible interface to libmemcached, a C library to interface with
memcached.
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached is built on top of Memcached::libmemcached. While Memcached::libmemcached
aims to port libmemcached API to perl, Cache::Memcached::libmemcached attempts to be API compatible with
Cache::Memcached, so it can be used as a drop-in replacement.
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached inherits from Memcached::libmemcached. While you are free to use the
Memcached::libmemcached specific methods directly on the object, doing so will mean that your code is no
longer compatible with the original Cache::Memcached API therefore losing some of the portability in case
you want to replace it with some other package.
Cache::Memcached COMPATIBLE METHODS
Except for the minor incompatibilities, below methods are compatible with Cache::Memcached.
new
Takes one parameter, a hashref of options.
Cache::Memcached options:
servers
The value is passed to the "set_servers" method.
compress_threshold
Set a compression threshold, in bytes. Values larger than this threshold will be compressed by set and
decompressed by get.
namespace
The value is passed to the "namespace" method.
debug
Sets the "trace_level" for the Memcached::libmemcached object.
readonly, no_rehash
These Cache::Memcached options are not supported.
Options specific to Cache::Memcached::libmemcached:
compress_savings
behavior_*
Any of the many behaviors documented in Memcached::libmemcached::memcached_behavior can be specified by
using argument key names that start with "behavior_". For example:
behavior_ketama_weighted => 1,
behavior_noreply => 1,
behavior_number_of_replicas => 2,
behavior_server_failure_limit => 3,
behavior_auto_eject_hosts => 1,
no_block
hashing_algorithm
distribution_method
binary_protocol
These are equivalent to the same options prefixed with "behavior_".
set_servers
$memd->set_servers( [ 'serv1:port1', 'serv2:port2', ... ]);
Calls "server_add" for each element of the supplied arrayref. See "server_add" for details of valid
values, including how to specify weights.
namespace
$memd->namespace;
$memd->namespace($string);
Without the argument return the current namespace prefix. With the argument set the namespace prefix to
$string, and return the old prefix.
The effect is to pefix all keys with the provided namespace value. That is, if you set namespace to
"app1:" and later do a set of "foo" to "bar", memcached is actually seeing you set "app1:foo" to "bar".
The namespace string must be less than 128 bytes (MEMCACHED_PREFIX_KEY_MAX_SIZE).
get
my $val = $memd->get($key);
Retrieves a key from the memcached. Returns the value (automatically thawed with Storable, if necessary)
or undef.
Currently the arrayref form of $key is NOT supported. Perhaps in the future.
get_multi
my $hashref = $memd->get_multi(@keys);
Retrieves multiple keys from the memcache doing just one query. Returns a hashref of key/value pairs
that were available.
set
$memd->set($key, $value[, $expires]);
Unconditionally sets a key to a given value in the memcache. Returns true if it was stored successfully.
Currently the arrayref form of $key is NOT supported. Perhaps in the future.
add
$memd->add($key, $value[, $expires]);
Like set(), but only stores in memcache if they key doesn't already exist.
replace
$memd->replace($key, $value[, $expires]);
Like set(), but only stores in memcache if they key already exist.
append
$memd->append($key, $value);
Appends $value to whatever value associated with $key. Only available for memcached > 1.2.4
prepend
$memd->prepend($key, $value);
Prepends $value to whatever value associated with $key. Only available for memcached > 1.2.4
incr
decr
my $newval = $memd->incr($key);
my $newval = $memd->decr($key);
my $newval = $memd->incr($key, $offset);
my $newval = $memd->decr($key, $offset);
Atomically increments or decrements the specified the integer value specified by $key. Returns undef if
the key doesn't exist on the server.
delete
remove
$memd->delete($key);
$memd->delete($key, $time);
Deletes a key.
If $time is non-zero then the item is marked for later expiration. Expiration works by placing the item
into a delete queue, which means that it won't possible to retrieve it by the "get" command, but "add"
and "replace" command with this key will also fail (the "set" command will succeed, however). After the
time passes, the item is finally deleted from server memory.
flush_all
$memd->fush_all;
Runs the memcached "flush_all" command on all configured hosts, emptying all their caches.
set_compress_threshold
$memd->set_compress_threshold($threshold);
Set the compress threshold.
enable_compress
$memd->enable_compress($bool);
This is actually an alias to set_compress_enable(). The original version from Cache::Memcached is,
despite its naming, a setter as well.
stats
my $h = $memd->stats();
my $h = $memd->stats($keys);
Returns a hashref of statistical data regarding the memcache server(s), the $memd object, or both. $keys
can be an arrayref of keys wanted, a single key wanted, or absent (in which case the default value is "[
'' ]"). For each key the "stats" command is run on each server.
For example "<$memd-"stats([ '', 'sizes' ])>> would return a structure like this:
{
hosts => {
'N.N.N.N:P' => {
misc => {
...
},
sizes => {
...
},
},
...,
},
totals => {
...
}
}
The general stats (where the key is "") are returned with a key of "misc". The "totals" element contains
the aggregate totals for all hosts of some of the statistics.
disconnect_all
Disconnects from servers
cas
$memd->cas($key, $cas, $value[, $exptime]);
Overwrites data in the server as long as the "cas" value is still the same in the server.
You can get the cas value of a result by calling memcached_result_cas() on a memcached_result_st(3)
structure.
Support for "cas" is disabled by default as there is a slight performance penalty. To enable it use the
"support_cas" option to "new".
Cache::Memcached::Fast COMPATIBLE METHODS
server_versions
$href = $memd->server_versions;
Returns a reference to hash, where $href->{$server} holds corresponding server version string, e.g.
"1.4.4". $server is either host:port or /path/to/unix.sock.
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached SPECIFIC METHODS
These methods are libmemcached-specific.
server_add
$self->server_add( $server_host_port ); # 10.10.10.10:11211
$self->server_add( $server_socket_path ); # /path/to/socket
$self->server_add( [ $server, $weight ] );
$self->server_add( { address => $server, weight => $weight } );
Adds a memcached server address with an optional weight (default 0).
UTILITY METHODS
WARNING: Please do not consider the existence for these methods to be final. They may be renamed or may
entirely disappear from future releases.
get_compress_threshold
Return the current value of compress_threshold
set_compress_enable
Set the value of compress_enable
get_compress_enable
Return the current value of compress_enable
set_compress_savings
Set the value of compress_savings
get_compress_savings
Return the current value of compress_savings
BEHAVIOR CUSTOMIZATION
Memcached::libmemcached supports many 'behaviors' that can be used to configure the behavior of the
library and its interaction with the servers.
Certain libmemcached behaviors can be configured with the following methods.
(NOTE: This API is not fixed yet)
set_no_block
$memd->set_no_block( 1 );
Set to use blocking/non-blocking I/O. When this is in effect, get() becomes flaky, so don't attempt to
call it. This has the most effect for set() operations, because libmemcached stops waiting for server
response after writing to the socket (set() will also always return success).
Please consult the man page for "memcached_behavior_set()" for details before setting.
is_no_block
Get the current value of no_block behavior.
set_distribution_method
$memd->set_distribution_method( MEMCACHED_DISTRIBUTION_CONSISTENT );
Set the distribution behavior.
get_distribution_method
Get the distribution behavior.
set_hashing_algorithm
$memd->set_hashing_algorithm( MEMCACHED_HASH_KETAMA );
Set the hashing algorithm used.
get_hashing_algorithm
Get the hashing algorithm used.
set_binary_protocol
is_binary_protocol
$memd->set_binary_protocol( 1 );
$binary = $memd->is_binary_protocol();
Use "set_binary_protocol" to enable/disable binary protocol. Use "is_binary_protocol" to determine the
current setting.
OPTIMIZE FLAG
If you are 100% sure that you won't be using the master key support (where you provide an arrayref as the
key) you can get about 4~5% performance boost by setting the environment variable named
PERL_LIBMEMCACHED_OPTIMIZE to a true value before loading the module.
This is an EXPERIMENTAL optimization and will possibly be replaced by implementing the methods in C in
Memcached::libmemcached.
VARIOUS MEMCACHED MODULES
Below are the various memcached modules available on CPAN.
Please check tool/benchmark.pl for a live comparison of these modules. (except for Cache::Memcached::XS,
which I wasn't able to compile under my main dev environment)
Cache::Memcached
This is the "original" module. It's mostly written in Perl, is slow, and lacks significant features like
support for the binary protocol.
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached
Cache::Memcached::libmemcached, this module, is a perl binding for libmemcached
(http://tangent.org/552/libmemcached.html). Not to be confused with libmemcache (see below).
Cache::Memcached::Fast
Cache::Memcached::Fast is a memcached client written in XS from scratch. As of this writing benchmarks
shows that Cache::Memcached::Fast is faster on get_multi(), and Cache::Memcached::libmemcached is faster
on regular get()/set(). Cache::Memcached::Fast doesn't support the binary protocol.
Memcached::libmemcached
Memcached::libmemcached is a thin binding to the libmemcached C library and provides access to most of
the libmemcached API.
If you don't care about a drop-in replacement for Cache::Memcached, and want to benefit from the feature-
rich efficient API that libmemcached offers, this is the way to go.
Since the Memcached::libmemcached module is also the parent class of this module you can call
Memcached::libmemcached methods directly.
Cache::Memcached::XS
Cache::Memcached::XS is a binding for libmemcache (http://people.freebsd.org/~seanc/libmemcache/). The
main memcached site at http://danga.com/memcached/apis.bml seems to indicate that the underlying
libmemcache is no longer in active development. The module hasn't been updated since 2006.
TODO
Check and improve compatibility with Cache::Memcached::Fast.
Add forget_dead_hosts() for greater Cache::Memcached compatibility?
Treat PERL_LIBMEMCACHED_OPTIMIZE as the default and add a subclass that handles the arrayref master key
concept. Then the custom methods (get set add replace prepend append cas delete) can then all be removed
and the libmemcached ones used directly. Alternatively, add master key via array ref support to the
methods in ::libmemcached. Either way the effect on performance should be significant.
Redo tools/benchmarks.pl performance tests (ensuring that methods are not called in void context unless
it's appropriate).
Try using Cache::Memcached::Fast's test suite to test this module. Via private
lib/Cache/Memcached/libmemcachedAsFast.pm wrapper.
Implement automatic no-reply on calls in void context (like Cache::Memcached::Fast). That should yield a
signigicant performance boost.
AUTHOR
Copyright (c) 2008 Daisuke Maki <daisuke@endeworks.jp> With contributions by Tim Bunce.
LICENSE
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
itself.
See http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html