NAME

       fgetc, fgets, getc, getchar, ungetc - input of characters and strings

LIBRARY

       Standard C library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS

       #include <stdio.h>

       int fgetc(FILE *stream);
       int getc(FILE *stream);
       int getchar(void);

       char *fgets(char s[restrict .size], int size, FILE *restrict stream);

       int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream);

DESCRIPTION

       fgetc() reads the next character from stream and returns it as an unsigned char cast to an int, or EOF on
       end of file or error.

       getc() is equivalent to fgetc() except that it may be implemented as a macro which evaluates stream  more
       than once.

       getchar() is equivalent to getc(stdin).

       fgets()  reads  in  at  most  one  less  than size characters from stream and stores them into the buffer
       pointed to by s.  Reading stops after an EOF or a newline.  If a newline is read, it is stored  into  the
       buffer.  A terminating null byte ('\0') is stored after the last character in the buffer.

       ungetc()  pushes  c  back  to  stream,  cast  to unsigned char, where it is available for subsequent read
       operations.  Pushed-back characters will be returned in reverse order; only one pushback is guaranteed.

       Calls to the functions described here can be mixed  with  each  other  and  with  calls  to  other  input
       functions from the stdio library for the same input stream.

       For nonlocking counterparts, see unlocked_stdio(3).

RETURN VALUE

       fgetc(), getc(), and getchar() return the character read as an unsigned char cast to an int or EOF on end
       of file or error.

       fgets() returns s on success, and NULL on error or when end of file occurs while no characters have  been
       read.

       ungetc() returns c on success, or EOF on error.

ATTRIBUTES

       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬─────────┐
       │Interface                                                                     │ Attribute     │ Value   │
       ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼─────────┤
       │fgetc(), fgets(), getc(), getchar(), ungetc()                                 │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe │
       └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴─────────┘

STANDARDS

       C11, POSIX.1-2008.

HISTORY

       POSIX.1-2001, C89.

NOTES

       It  is  not  advisable  to  mix  calls  to input functions from the stdio library with low-level calls to
       read(2) for the file descriptor associated with the input stream; the results will be undefined and  very
       probably not what you want.

SEE ALSO

       read(2),  write(2),  ferror(3),  fgetwc(3), fgetws(3), fopen(3), fread(3), fseek(3), getline(3), gets(3),
       getwchar(3), puts(3), scanf(3), ungetwc(3), unlocked_stdio(3), feature_test_macros(7)