Provided by: libppl-dev_1.2-8.1build5_amd64 
NAME
libppl - the C++ interface of the Parma Polyhedra Library
SYNOPSIS
#include <ppl.hh>
c++ file.cc -lppl
DESCRIPTION
This is a short overview on how to use the Parma Polyhedra Library (PPL) in your C++
programs on Unix-like operating systems. Note that the PPL has interfaces also for C,
Java, OCaml and a number of Prolog systems: look elsewhere for documentation on those.
Note also that the present document does not describe the library functionality, its
classes or its methods and functions: see The Parma Polyhedra Library User's Manual
(version 1.2) for this kind of information.
INCLUDING THE HEADER FILE
The C++ interface of the PPL has only one header file, named ppl.hh. So your program
should contain a directive of the form
#include <ppl.hh>
Of course, you must make sure you installed the PPL in a place where the compiler can find
it, either by itself or with the help of a suitable -Idir command line option (see the
file INSTALL for information on how to configure the library so that it is installed in
the place of your choice).
INITIALIZING AND FINALIZING THE LIBRARY
The mere inclusion of ppl.hh in at least one file of your project will cause the automatic
initialization and finalization of the library. However, there are situations in which
automatic initialization and finalization is not desirable (e.g., if the application
fiddles with the GMP's memory allocation functions). In those cases, every inclusion of
ppl.hh must take the form
#define PPL_NO_AUTOMATIC_INITIALIZATION
#include <ppl.hh>
When automatic initialization and finalization is disabled you must absolutely call the
function
void Parma_Polyhedra_Library::initialize()
before using the library. It is also a good norm to call the function
void Parma_Polyhedra_Library::finalize()
when you are done with the library.
USING THE LIBRARY
Keeping in mind that there is no substitute for a careful reading of The Parma Polyhedra
Library User's Manual (version 1.2), you can find many examples of use in the directories
tests (see the README file in that directory) and demos/ppl_lcdd of the source
distribution.
LINKING WITH THE LIBRARY
Linking with the C++ interface of the Parma Polyhedra Library is best done using the C++
compiler itself: usually, specifying the -lppl command line option is enough. In fact, if
you use a shared version of the library, this automatically records the dependency from
the GMP library, something that the linker ought to deal with gracefully. Otherwise you
will have to add -lgmpxx -lgmp to the command line. Things are more complex if you
installed the PPL into some nonstandard place. In this case you will have to use the
-Ldir option and, if you use a shared version of the library, possible take further steps:
see the documentation of your system for more information on this subject (the Program
Library HOWTO is especially valuable for GNU/Linux users).
IMPLEMENTING MEMORY-GUARDED COMPUTATIONS
One of the interesting features of the Parma Polyhedra Library is the possibility to
implement memory-guarded computations. The idea is that you can limit the amount of
virtual memory available to the process, launch a PPL computation, and be ready to catch
an std::bad_alloc exception. Since the library is exception-safe, you can take the
appropriate corrective measures (e.g., simplify the polyhedra and/or select less precise
though less complex algorithms), and restart the computation. In order to do that, you
should define alternative memory allocation functions for GMP that throw std::bad_alloc
upon memory exhaustion. For instance:
#include <new>
#include <cstdlib>
extern "C" void*
cxx_malloc(size_t size) {
void* p = malloc(size);
if (p != 0 || size == 0)
return p;
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
extern "C" void*
cxx_realloc(void* q, size_t, size_t new_size) {
void* p = realloc(q, new_size);
if (p != 0 || new_size == 0)
return p;
throw std::bad_alloc();
}
extern "C" void
cxx_free(void* p, size_t) {
free(p);
}
Then you must install these functions and this can be done in two different ways:
(1) If your C++ compiler supports __attribute__ ((weak)) and you do not have any other
special needs, then you can simply link to your application a C function
ppl_set_GMP_memory_allocation_functions(void) such as
extern "C" void
ppl_set_GMP_memory_allocation_functions(void) {
mp_set_memory_functions(cxx_malloc, cxx_realloc, cxx_free);
}
This is all that you have to do, whether or not you use the automatic
initialization feature of the library (see above): in any case the initialization
procedure will automatically call ppl_set_GMP_memory_allocation_functions(void).
(2) If your C++ compiler does not support __attribute__ ((weak)) then you cannot use
the automatic initialization feature of the library (see above) and should write a
main program of the form
int main() {
// The ordering of the following function calls is important.
mp_set_memory_functions(cxx_malloc, cxx_realloc, cxx_free);
Parma_Polyhedra_Library::initialize();
...
USING NATIVE FLOATING POINT NUMBERS
At initialization time, the Parma Polyhedra Library sets the FPU rounding mode in a way
that allows its floating-point-based computations to be conservative (i.e., possibly
approximated but correct) and reasonably efficient. In case your application itself uses
native floating point numbers and relies on a particular rounding mode (if you are in
doubt, assume that it does rely on round-to-nearest to be in effect), you should use the
function
void Parma_Polyhedra_Library::restore_pre_PPL_rounding()
after the PPL initialization and before using native floating point numbers in the
application. If your application does not use any floating-point-based PPL abstraction,
no further measure should be taken. Otherwise, it is imperative to call the function
void Parma_Polyhedra_Library::set_rounding_for_PPL()
before invoking any PPL interface related to such abstractions.
SEE ALSO
ppl-config(1)
Roberto Bagnara, Patricia M. Hill, and Enea Zaffanella. The Parma Polyhedra Library
User's Manual (version 1.2), available (in several formats) at
http://bugseng.com/products/ppl/ .
David A. Wheeler. Program Library HOWTO, available (in several formats) at
http://www.dwheeler.com/program-library/ .
AVAILABILITY
The latest version of the Parma Polyhedra Library and all the documentation is available
at http://bugseng.com/products/ppl/ .
AUTHOR
See the file CREDITS in the source distribution or use the command ppl-config --credits
for a list of contributors.
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <ppl-devel@cs.unipr.it>.
COPYRIGHT AND NO WARRANTY
Copyright (C) 2001-2010 Roberto Bagnara <bagnara@cs.unipr.it> Copyright (C) 2010-2016
BUGSENG srl (http://bugseng.com)
This is free software; see the file COPYING in the source distribution or use the command
ppl-config --copying to obtain the copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.