НАЗВАНИЕ

       pwck - verify the integrity of password files

СИНТАКСИС

       pwck [options] [PASSWORDFILE [ SHADOWFILE ]]

ОПИСАНИЕ

       The pwck command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information. It checks that all
       entries in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow have the proper format and contain valid data. The user is
       prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors.

       Выполняются следующие проверки:

       •   правильное количество полей

       •   уникальность и корректность имени пользователя

       •   корректность идентификатора пользователя и группы

       •   корректность первичной группы

       •   корректность домашнего каталога

       •   корректность регистрационной оболочки

       Checks for shadowed password information are enabled when the second file parameter SHADOWFILE is
       specified or when /etc/shadow exists on the system.

       Выполняются следующие проверки:

       •   что каждая запись passwd имеет соответствующую запись shadow и каждая запись shadow имеет
           соответствующую запись passwd

       •   пароли указаны в теневом файле

       •   записи shadow содержат корректное количество полей

       •   записи shadow уникальны в shadow

       •   дата последней смены пароля не находится в будущем

       The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number
       of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer
       affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for
       deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is
       encouraged to run the usermod command to correct the error.

       The commands which operate on the /etc/passwd file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries.
       pwck should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry.

ПАРАМЕТРЫ

       The -r and -s options cannot be combined.

       The options which apply to the pwck command are:

       --badname
           Allow names that do not conform to standards.

       -h, --help
           Показать краткую справку и закончить работу.

       -q, --quiet
           Сообщать только об ошибках. Предупреждения, которые не требуют от пользователя никаких действий,
           показаны не будут.

       -r, --read-only
           Execute the pwck command in read-only mode.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR
           directory. Only absolute paths are supported.

       -s, --sort
           Sort entries in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow by UID.

       By default, pwck operates on the files /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow. The user may select alternate files
       with the passwd and shadow parameters.

НАСТРОЙКА

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

       NONEXISTENT (string)
           If a system account intentionally does not have a home directory that exists, this string can be
           provided in the /etc/passwd entry for the account to indicate this. The result is that pwck will not
           emit a spurious warning for this account.

       PASS_MAX_DAYS (number)
           The maximum number of days a password may be used. If the password is older than this, a password
           change will be forced. If not specified, -1 will be assumed (which disables the restriction).

       PASS_MIN_DAYS (number)
           The minimum number of days allowed between password changes. Any password changes attempted sooner
           than this will be rejected. If not specified, 0 will be assumed (which disables the restriction).

       PASS_WARN_AGE (number)
           The number of days warning given before a password expires. A zero means warning is given only upon
           the day of expiration, a value of -1 means no warning is given. If not specified, no warning will be
           provided.

ФАЙЛЫ

       /etc/group
           содержит информацию о группах

       /etc/passwd
           содержит информацию о пользователях

       /etc/shadow
           содержит защищаемую информацию о пользователях

ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ

       The pwck command exits with the following values:

       0
           success

       1
           invalid command syntax

       2
           one or more bad password entries

       3
           can't open password files

       4
           can't lock password files

       5
           can't update password files

       6
           can't sort password files

СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ

       group(5), grpck(8), passwd(5), shadow(5), usermod(8).

shadow-utils 4.17.4                                09/06/2025                                            pwck(8)