NAME

       scala - Run code in the Scala 2 language

SYNOPSIS

       scala  [ <option> ]... [ <torun> <argument>... ]

PARAMETERS

       <compiler-option>
              Any scalac option.  See scalac(1).

       -howtorun:<how>
              How  to  execute  <torun>,  if  it  is  present.  Options  for <how> are guess (the
              default), script, and object.

       -i     Requests that a file be pre-loaded.  It is only meaningful for interactive shells.

       -e     Requests that its argument be executed as Scala code.

       -savecompiled
              Save this compiled version of scripts in order to speed up later executions of  the
              same  script.   When  running a script, save the compiled version of in a file with
              the same name as the script but with an extension of .jar.  On subsequent  runs  of
              the  same  script,  the pre-compiled .jar file will be used if it is newer than the
              script file.

       -nocompdaemon
              Do not use the fsc offline compiler.

       -D<property=value>
              Set a Java system property.  If no value is specified, then the property is set  to
              the empty string.

       <torun>
              A top-level object or a script file to run.

       <argument>
              An arguments to pass to <torun>.

DESCRIPTION

       The scala utility runs Scala code using a Java runtime environment.  The Scala code to run
       is specified in one of three ways:

          1.  With no arguments specified, a Scala shell starts and reads commands interactively.

          2.  With -howtorun:object specified, the fully qualified  name  of  a  top-level  Scala
              object  may  be  specified.   The object should previously have been compiled using
              scalac(1).

          3.  With -howtorun:script specified, a file containing Scala code may be specified.

       If -howtorun: is left as the default (guess), then the scala command will check whether  a
       file of the specified name exists.  If it does, then it will treat it as a script file; if
       it does not, then it will treat it as the name of an object.

       In all three cases, arbitrary scalac options may be specified. The most common  option  is
       to specify a classpath with -classpath, but see the scalac(1) page for full details.

       If  an  object is specified to run, then that object must be a top-level Scala object with
       the specified name.  The object must define a method main with the following signature:

       def main(args: Array[String]): Unit

       The method must return a Unit value, and it must accept a String  array  as  a  parameter.
       All  arguments  specified  on  the  command  line  will be passed as arguments to the main
       method.

       If a script file is specified to run, then the file is read and all Scala  statements  and
       declarations in the file are processed in order. Any arguments specified will be available
       via the argsvariable.

       Script files may have an optional header that is ignored if present.  There are  two  ways
       to  format the header: either beginning with #! and ending with !#, or beginning with ::#!
       and ending with ::!#.

       Such a header must have each header boundary start at the beginning of  a  line.   Headers
       can be used to make stand-alone script files, as shown in the examples below.

       If  scala  is  run  from  an sbaz(1) directory, then it will add to its classpath any jars
       installed in the lib directory of the sbaz  directory.   Additionally,  if  no  -classpath
       option  is  specified,  then  scala will add ".", the current directory, to the end of the
       classpath.

OPTIONS

       If any compiler options are specified, they must be first in the command line and must  be
       followed by a bare hypen ("-") character. If no arguments are specified after the optional
       compiler arguments, then an interactive Scala  shell  is  started.   Otherwise,  either  a
       script  file is run, or a pre-compiled Scala object is run.  It is possible to distinguish
       the last two cases by using an explicit -object or -script flag, but usually  the  program
       can guess correctly.

ENVIRONMENT

       JAVACMD
              Specify  the  java command to be used for running the Scala code.  Arguments may be
              specified as part of the environment variable; spaces, quotation marks, etc.,  will
              be passed directly to the shell for expansion.

       JAVA_HOME
              Specify  JDK/JRE  home directory. This directory is used to locate the java command
              unless JAVACMD variable set.

       JAVA_OPTS
              Specify the options to be passed to the java command defined by JAVACMD.

              With Java 1.5 (or newer) one may for example configure the memory usage of the  JVM
              as follows: JAVA_OPTS="-Xmx512M -Xms16M -Xss16M"

              With  GNU  Java  one  may  configure  the  memory  usage  of  the  GIJ  as follows:
              JAVA_OPTS="--mx512m --ms16m"

EXAMPLES

       Here are some examples of running Scala code:

       Execute a Scala program generated in the current directory
              scala hello.HelloWorld

       Execute a Scala program generated in a user-defined directory classes
              scala -classpath classes hello.HelloWorld

       Execute a Scala program using a user-defined java command
              env JAVACMD=/usr/local/bin/cacao scala -classpath classes hello.HelloWorld

       Execute a Scala program using JVM options
              env JAVACMD=java JAVA_OPTS="-Dmsg=hello -enableassertions" scala -classpath classes
              hello.HelloWorld

       Here is a complete Scala script for Unix:

       #!/bin/sh
       exec scala "$0" "$@"
       !#
       Console.println("Hello, world!")
       argv.toList foreach Console.println

       Here is a complete Scala script for MS Windows:

       ::#!
       @echo off
       call scala %0 %*
       goto :eof
       ::!#
       Console.println("Hello, world!")
       argv.toList foreach Console.println

       If  you  want  to use the compilation cache to speed up multiple executions of the script,
       then add -savecompiled to the scala command:

       #!/bin/sh
       exec scala -savecompiled "$0" "$@"
       !#
       Console.println("Hello, world!")
       argv.toList foreach Console.println

EXIT STATUS

       The scala command returns a zero exit status if it succeeds. Non zero is returned in  case
       of  any error.  If a script or top-level object is executed and returns a value, then that
       return value is passed on to scala.

AUTHOR

       Written by Martin Odersky and other members of the Scala team.

REPORTING BUGS

       Report bugs to http://lampsvn.epfl.ch/trac/scala.

COPYRIGHT

       This is open-source software, available to you under a BSD-like license. See  accomponying
       "copyright"  or  "LICENSE" file for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for
       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

SEE ALSO

       fsc(1), sbaz(1), scalac(1), scaladoc(1), scalap(1)