Provided by: haproxy_1.6.3-1ubuntu0.3_amd64 
NAME
haproxy-lua - haproxy-lua Documentation
HAPROXY LUA RUNNING CONTEXTS
The Lua code executed in HAProxy can be processed in 2 main modes. The first one is the initialisation
mode, and the second is the runtime mode.
• In the initialisation mode, we can perform DNS solves, but we cannot perform socket I/O. In this
initialisation mode, HAProxy still blocked during the execution of the Lua program.
• In the runtime mode, we cannot perform DNS solves, but we can use sockets. The execution of the Lua
code is multiplexed with the requests processing, so the Lua code seems to be run in blocking, but it
is not the case.
The Lua code is loaded in one or more files. These files contains main code and functions. Lua have 6
execution context.
1. The Lua file body context. It is executed during the load of the Lua file in the HAProxy [global]
section with the directive lua-load. It is executed in initialisation mode. This section is use for
configuring Lua bindings in HAProxy.
2. The Lua init context. It is a Lua function executed just after the HAProxy configuration parsing. The
execution is in initialisation mode. In this context the HAProxy environment are already initialized.
It is useful to check configuration, or initializing socket connections or tasks. These functions are
declared in the body context with the Lua function core.register_init(). The prototype of the function
is a simple function without return value and without parameters, like this: function fcn().
3. The Lua task context. It is a Lua function executed after the start of the HAProxy scheduler, and just
after the declaration of the task with the Lua function core.register_task(). This context can be
concurrent with the traffic processing. It is executed in runtime mode. The prototype of the function
is a simple function without return value and without parameters, like this: function fcn().
4. The action context. It is a Lua function conditionally executed. These actions are registered by the
Lua directives "core.register_action()". The prototype of the Lua called function is a function with
doesn't returns anything and that take an object of class TXN as entry. function fcn(txn).
5. The sample-fetch context. This function takes a TXN object as entry argument and returns a string.
These types of function cannot execute any blocking function. They are useful to aggregate some of
original HAProxy sample-fetches and return the result. The prototype of the function is function
string fcn(txn). These functions can be registered with the Lua function core.register_fetches(). Each
declared sample-fetch is prefixed by the string "lua.".
NOTE: It is possible that this function cannot found the required data in the original HAProxy
sample-fetches, in this case, it cannot return the result. This case is not yet supported
6. The converter context. It is a Lua function that takes a string as input and returns another string as
output. These types of function are stateless, it cannot access to any context. They don't execute any
blocking function. The call prototype is function string fcn(string). This function can be registered
with the Lua function core.register_converters(). Each declared converter is prefixed by the string
"lua.".
HAPROXY LUA HELLO WORLD
HAProxy configuration file (hello_world.conf):
global
lua-load hello_world.lua
listen proxy
bind 127.0.0.1:10001
tcp-request inspect-delay 1s
tcp-request content use-service lua.hello_world
HAProxy Lua file (hello_world.lua):
core.register_service("hello_world", "tcp", function(applet)
applet:send("hello world\n")
end)
How to start HAProxy for testing this configuration:
./haproxy -f hello_world.conf
On other terminal, you can test with telnet:
#:~ telnet 127.0.0.1 10001
hello world
class core()
The "core" class contains all the HAProxy core functions. These function are useful for the
controlling the execution flow, registering hooks, manipulating global maps or ACL, ...
"core" class is basically provided with HAProxy. No require line is required to uses these
function.
The "core" class is static, it is not possible to create a new object of this type.
core.emerg
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "emergency" (0).
core.alert
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "alert" (1).
core.crit
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "critical" (2).
core.err
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "error" (3).
core.warning
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "warning" (4).
core.notice
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "notice" (5).
core.info
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "info" (6).
core.debug
Returns
integer
This attribute is an integer, it contains the value of the loglevel "debug" (7).
core.log(loglevel, msg)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
This function sends a log. The log is sent, according with the HAProxy configuration file, on the
default syslog server if it is configured and on the stderr if it is allowed.
Arguments
• loglevel (integer) -- Is the log level asociated with the message. It is a number between
0 and 7.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See core.emerg, core.alert, core.crit, core.err, core.warning, core.notice, core.info,
core.debug (log level definitions)
See code.Debug
See core.Info
See core.Warning
See core.Alert
core.Debug(msg)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Arguments
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See log
Does the same job than:
function Debug(msg)
core.log(core.debug, msg)
end
core.Info(msg)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Arguments
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See log
function Info(msg)
core.log(core.info, msg)
end
core.Warning(msg)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Arguments
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See log
function Warning(msg)
core.log(core.warning, msg)
end
core.Alert(msg)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Arguments
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See log
function Alert(msg)
core.log(core.alert, msg)
end
core.add_acl(filename, key)
context: init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Add the ACL key in the ACLs list referenced by the file filename.
Arguments
• filename (string) -- the filename that reference the ACL entries.
• key (string) -- the key which will be added.
core.del_acl(filename, key)
context: init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Delete the ACL entry referenced by the key key in the list of ACLs referenced by filename.
Arguments
• filename (string) -- the filename that reference the ACL entries.
• key (string) -- the key which will be deleted.
core.del_map(filename, key)
context: init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Delete the map entry indexed with the specified key in the list of maps referenced by his
filename.
Arguments
• filename (string) -- the filename that reference the map entries.
• key (string) -- the key which will be deleted.
core.msleep(milliseconds)
context: body, init, task, action
The core.msleep() stops the Lua execution between specified milliseconds.
Arguments
• milliseconds (integer) -- the required milliseconds.
core.register_action(name, actions, func)
context: body
Register a Lua function executed as action. All the registered action can be used in HAProxy with
the prefix "lua.". An action gets a TXN object class as input.
Arguments
• name (string) -- is the name of the converter.
• actions (table) -- is a table of string describing the HAProxy actions who want to
register to. The expected actions are 'tcp-req', 'tcp-res', 'http-req' or 'http-res'.
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as converter.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
function(txn)
•
txn (TXN class): this is a TXN object used for manipulating the
current request or TCP stream.
Here, an exemple of action registration. the action juste send an 'Hello world' in the logs.
core.register_action("hello-world", { "tcp-req", "http-req" }, function(txn)
txn:Info("Hello world")
end)
This example code is used in HAproxy configuration like this:
frontend tcp_frt
mode tcp
tcp-request content lua.hello-world
frontend http_frt
mode http
http-request lua.hello-world
core.register_converters(name, func)
context: body
Register a Lua function executed as converter. All the registered converters can be used in
HAProxy with the prefix "lua.". An converter get a string as input and return a string as output.
The registered function can take up to 9 values as parameter. All the value are strings.
Arguments
• name (string) -- is the name of the converter.
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as converter.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
function(str, [p1 [, p2 [, ... [, p5]]]])
• str (string): this is the input value automatically converted in string.
• p1 .. p5 (string): this is a list of string arguments declared in the haroxy configuration file. The
number of arguments doesn't exceed 5. The order and the nature of these is conventionally choose by
the developper.
core.register_fetches(name, func)
context: body
Register a Lua function executed as sample fetch. All the registered sample fetchs can be used in
HAProxy with the prefix "lua.". A Lua sample fetch return a string as output. The registered
function can take up to 9 values as parameter. All the value are strings.
Arguments
• name (string) -- is the name of the converter.
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as sample fetch.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
string function(txn, [p1 [, p2 [, ... [, p5]]]])
• txn (TXN class): this is the txn object associated with the current request.
• p1 .. p5 (string): this is a list of string arguments declared in the haroxy configuration file. The
number of arguments doesn't exceed 5. The order and the nature of these is conventionally choose by
the developper.
• Returns: A string containing some data, ot nil if the value cannot be returned now.
lua example code:
core.register_fetches("hello", function(txn)
return "hello"
end)
HAProxy example configuration:
frontend example
http-request redirect location /%[lua.hello]
core.register_service(name, mode, func)
context: body
Register a Lua function executed as a service. All the registered service can be used in HAProxy
with the prefix "lua.". A service gets an object class as input according with the required mode.
Arguments
• name (string) -- is the name of the converter.
• mode (string) -- is string describing the required mode. Only 'tcp' or 'http' are
allowed.
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as converter.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
function(applet)
• applet applet will be a AppletTCP class or a AppletHTTP class. It depends the type of registered
applet. An applet registered with the 'http' value for the mode parameter will gets a AppletHTTP
class. If the mode value is 'tcp', the applet will gets a AppletTCP class.
warning: Applets of type 'http' cannot be called from 'tcp-' rulesets. Only the 'http-' rulesets are
authorized, this means that is not possible to call an HTTP applet from a proxy in tcp mode. Applets
of type 'tcp' can be called from anywhre.
Here, an exemple of service registration. the service just send an 'Hello world' as an http response.
core.register_service("hello-world", "http", function(applet)
local response = "Hello World !"
applet:set_status(200)
applet:add_header("content-length", string.len(response))
applet:add_header("content-type", "text/plain")
applet:start_response()
applet:send(response)
end)
This example code is used in HAproxy configuration like this:
frontend example
http-request use-service lua.hello-world
core.register_init(func)
context: body
Register a function executed after the configuration parsing. This is useful to check any
parameters.
Arguments
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as initializer.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
function()
It takes no input, and no output is expected.
core.register_task(func)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Register and start independent task. The task is started when the HAProxy main scheduler starts.
For example this type of tasks can be executed to perform complex health checks.
Arguments
• func (function) -- is the Lua function called to work as initializer.
The prototype of the Lua function used as argument is:
function()
It takes no input, and no output is expected.
core.set_nice(nice)
context: task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Change the nice of the current task or current session.
Arguments
• nice (integer) -- the nice value, it must be between -1024 and 1024.
core.set_map(filename, key, value)
context: init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
set the value value associated to the key key in the map referenced by filename.
Arguments
• filename (string) -- the Map reference
• key (string) -- the key to set or replace
• value (string) -- the associated value
core.sleep(int seconds)
context: body, init, task, action
The core.sleep() functions stop the Lua execution between specified seconds.
Arguments
• seconds (integer) -- the required seconds.
core.tcp()
context: init, task, action
This function returns a new object of a socket class.
Returns
A Socket class object.
core.done(data)
context: body, init, task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Arguments
• data (any) -- Return some data for the caller. It is useful with sample-fetches and
sample-converters.
Immediately stops the current Lua execution and returns to the caller which may be a sample fetch,
a converter or an action and returns the specified value (ignored for actions). It is used when
the LUA process finishes its work and wants to give back the control to HAProxy without executing
the remaining code. It can be seen as a multi-level "return".
core.yield()
context: task, action, sample-fetch, converter
Give back the hand at the HAProxy scheduler. It is used when the LUA processing consumes a lot of
processing time.
class Fetches()
This class contains a lot of internal HAProxy sample fetches. See the HAProxy "configuration.txt"
documentation for more information about her usage. they are the chapters 7.3.2 to 7.3.6.
warning some sample fetches are not available in some context. These limitations are specified in
this documentation when theire useful.
See TXN.f
See TXN.sf
Fetches are useful for:
• get system time,
• get environment variable,
• get random numbers,
• known backend status like the number of users in queue or the number of connections established,
• client information like ip source or destination,
• deal with stick tables,
• Established SSL informations,
• HTTP information like headers or method.
function action(txn)
-- Get source IP
local clientip = txn.f:src()
end
class Converters()
This class contains a lot of internal HAProxy sample converters. See the HAProxy documentation
"configuration.txt" for more information about her usage. Its the chapter 7.3.1.
See TXN.c
See TXN.sc
Converters provides statefull transformation. They are useful for:
• converting input to base64,
• applying hash on input string (djb2, crc32, sdbm, wt6),
• format date,
• json escape,
• extracting preferred language comparing two lists,
• turn to lower or upper chars,
• deal with stick tables.
class Channel()
HAProxy uses two buffers for the processing of the requests. The first one is used with the
request data (from the client to the server) and the second is used for the response data (from
the server to the client).
Each buffer contains two types of data. The first type is the incoming data waiting for a
processing. The second part is the outgoing data already processed. Usually, the incoming data is
processed, after it is tagged as outgoing data, and finally it is sent. The following functions
provides tools for manipulating these data in a buffer.
The following diagram shows where the channel class function are applied.
Warning: It is not possible to read from the response in request action, and it is not possible to
read for the request channel in response action.
[image]
Channel.dup(channel)
This function returns a string that contain the entire buffer. The data is not remove from the
buffer and can be reprocessed later.
If the buffer cant receive more data, a 'nil' value is returned.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
Returns
a string containing all the available data or nil.
Channel.get(channel)
This function returns a string that contain the entire buffer. The data is consumed from the
buffer.
If the buffer cant receive more data, a 'nil' value is returned.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
Returns
a string containing all the available data or nil.
Channel.getline(channel)
This function returns a string that contain the first line of the buffer. The data is consumed. If
the data returned doesn't contains a final 'n' its assumed than its the last available data in the
buffer.
If the buffer cant receive more data, a 'nil' value is returned.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
Returns
a string containing the available line or nil.
Channel.set(channel, string)
This function replace the content of the buffer by the string. The function returns the copied
length, otherwise, it returns -1.
The data set with this function are not send. They wait for the end of HAProxy processing, so the
buffer can be full.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
• string (string) -- The data which will sent.
Returns
an integer containing the amount of bytes copied or -1.
Channel.append(channel, string)
This function append the string argument to the content of the buffer. The function returns the
copied length, otherwise, it returns -1.
The data set with this function are not send. They wait for the end of HAProxy processing, so the
buffer can be full.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
• string (string) -- The data which will sent.
Returns
an integer containing the amount of bytes copied or -1.
Channel.send(channel, string)
This function required immediate send of the data. Unless if the connection is close, the buffer
is regularly flushed and all the string can be sent.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
• string (string) -- The data which will sent.
Returns
an integer containing the amount of bytes copied or -1.
Channel.get_in_length(channel)
This function returns the length of the input part of the buffer.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
Returns
an integer containing the amount of available bytes.
Channel.get_out_length(channel)
This function returns the length of the output part of the buffer.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
Returns
an integer containing the amount of available bytes.
Channel.forward(channel, int)
This function transfer bytes from the input part of the buffer to the output part.
Arguments
• channel (class_channel) -- The manipulated Channel.
• int (integer) -- The amount of data which will be forwarded.
class HTTP()
This class contain all the HTTP manipulation functions.
HTTP.req_get_headers(http)
Returns an array containing all the request headers.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
Returns
array of headers.
See HTTP.res_get_headers()
This is the form of the returned array:
HTTP:req_get_headers()['<header-name>'][<header-index>] = "<header-value>"
local hdr = HTTP:req_get_headers()
hdr["host"][0] = "www.test.com"
hdr["accept"][0] = "audio/basic q=1"
hdr["accept"][1] = "audio/*, q=0.2"
hdr["accept"][2] = "*/*, q=0.1"
HTTP.res_get_headers(http)
Returns an array containing all the response headers.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
Returns
array of headers.
See HTTP.req_get_headers()
This is the form of the returned array:
HTTP:res_get_headers()['<header-name>'][<header-index>] = "<header-value>"
local hdr = HTTP:req_get_headers()
hdr["host"][0] = "www.test.com"
hdr["accept"][0] = "audio/basic q=1"
hdr["accept"][1] = "audio/*, q=0.2"
hdr["accept"][2] = "*.*, q=0.1"
HTTP.req_add_header(http, name, value)
Appends an HTTP header field in the request whose name is specified in "name" and whose value is
defined in "value".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• value (string) -- The header value.
See HTTP.res_add_header()
HTTP.res_add_header(http, name, value)
appends an HTTP header field in the response whose name is specified in "name" and whose value is
defined in "value".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• value (string) -- The header value.
See HTTP.req_add_header()
HTTP.req_del_header(http, name)
Removes all HTTP header fields in the request whose name is specified in "name".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
See HTTP.res_del_header()
HTTP.res_del_header(http, name)
Removes all HTTP header fields in the response whose name is specified in "name".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
See HTTP.req_del_header()
HTTP.req_set_header(http, name, value)
This variable replace all occurence of all header "name", by only one containing the "value".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• value (string) -- The header value.
See HTTP.res_set_header()
This function does the same work as the folowwing code:
function fcn(txn)
TXN.http:req_del_header("header")
TXN.http:req_add_header("header", "value")
end
HTTP.res_set_header(http, name, value)
This variable replace all occurence of all header "name", by only one containing the "value".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• value (string) -- The header value.
See HTTP.req_rep_header()
HTTP.req_rep_header(http, name, regex, replace)
Matches the regular expression in all occurrences of header field "name" according to "regex", and
replaces them with the "replace" argument. The replacement value can contain back references like
1, 2, ... This function works with the request.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• regex (string) -- The match regular expression.
• replace (string) -- The replacement value.
See HTTP.res_rep_header()
HTTP.res_rep_header(http, name, regex, string)
Matches the regular expression in all occurrences of header field "name" according to "regex", and
replaces them with the "replace" argument. The replacement value can contain back references like
1, 2, ... This function works with the request.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• regex (string) -- The match regular expression.
• replace (string) -- The replacement value.
See HTTP.req_replace_header()
HTTP.req_replace_value(http, name, regex, replace)
Works like "HTTP.req_replace_header()" except that it matches the regex against every
comma-delimited value of the header field "name" instead of the entire header.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• regex (string) -- The match regular expression.
• replace (string) -- The replacement value.
See HTTP.req_replace_header()
See HTTP.res_replace_value()
HTTP.res_replace_value(http, name, regex, replace)
Works like "HTTP.res_replace_header()" except that it matches the regex against every
comma-delimited value of the header field "name" instead of the entire header.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• name (string) -- The header name.
• regex (string) -- The match regular expression.
• replace (string) -- The replacement value.
See HTTP.res_replace_header()
See HTTP.req_replace_value()
HTTP.req_set_method(http, method)
Rewrites the request method with the parameter "method".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• method (string) -- The new method.
HTTP.req_set_path(http, path)
Rewrites the request path with the "path" parameter.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• path (string) -- The new path.
HTTP.req_set_query(http, query)
Rewrites the request's query string which appears after the first question mark ("?") with the
parameter "query".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• query (string) -- The new query.
HTTP.req_set_uri(http, uri)
Rewrites the request URI with the parameter "uri".
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• uri (string) -- The new uri.
HTTP.res_set_status(http, status)
Rewrites the response status code with the parameter "code". Note that the reason is automatically
adapted to the new code.
Arguments
• http (class_http) -- The related http object.
• status (integer) -- The new response status code.
class TXN()
The txn class contain all the functions relative to the http or tcp transaction (Note than a tcp
stream is the same than a tcp transaction, but an HTTP transaction is not the same than a tcp
stream).
The usage of this class permits to retrieve data from the requests, alter it and forward it.
All the functions provided by this class are available in the context sample-fetches and actions.
TXN.c
Returns
An Converters class.
This attribute contains a Converters class object.
TXN.sc
Returns
An Converters class.
This attribute contains a Converters class object. The functions of this object returns always a
string.
TXN.f
Returns
An Fetches class.
This attribute contains a Fetches class object.
TXN.sf
Returns
An Fetches class.
This attribute contains a Fetches class object. The functions of this object returns always a
string.
TXN.req
Returns
An Channel class.
This attribute contains a channel class object for the request buffer.
TXN.res
Returns
An Channel class.
This attribute contains a channel class object for the response buffer.
TXN.http
Returns
An HTTP class.
This attribute contains an HTTP class object. It is avalaible only if the proxy has the "mode
http" enabled.
TXN.log(TXN, loglevel, msg)
This function sends a log. The log is sent, according with the HAProxy configuration file, on the
default syslog server if it is configured and on the stderr if it is allowed.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• loglevel (integer) -- Is the log level asociated with the message. It is a number between
0 and 7.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See core.emerg, core.alert, core.crit, core.err, core.warning, core.notice, core.info,
core.debug (log level definitions)
See TXN.deflog
See TXN.Debug
See TXN.Info
See TXN.Warning
See TXN.Alert
TXN.deflog(TXN, msg)
Sends a log line with the default loglevel for the proxy ssociated with the transaction.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See TXN.log
TXN.Debug(txn, msg)
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See TXN.log
Does the same job than:
function Debug(txn, msg)
TXN.log(txn, core.debug, msg)
end
TXN.Info(txn, msg)
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See TXN.log
function Debug(txn, msg)
TXN.log(txn, core.info, msg)
end
TXN.Warning(txn, msg)
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See TXN.log
function Debug(txn, msg)
TXN.log(txn, core.warning, msg)
end
TXN.Alert(txn, msg)
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• msg (string) -- The log content.
See TXN.log
function Debug(txn, msg)
TXN.log(txn, core.alert, msg)
end
TXN.get_priv(txn)
Return Lua data stored in the current transaction (with the TXN.set_priv()) function. If no data
are stored, it returns a nil value.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
Returns
the opaque data previsously stored, or nil if nothing is avalaible.
TXN.set_priv(txn, data)
Store any data in the current HAProxy transaction. This action replace the old stored data.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• data (opaque) -- The data which is stored in the transaction.
TXN.set_var(TXN, var, value)
Converts a Lua type in a HAProxy type and store it in a variable <var>.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• var (string) -- The variable name according with the HAProxy variable syntax.
• value (opaque) -- The data which is stored in the variable.
TXN.get_var(TXN, var)
Returns data stored in the variable <var> converter in Lua type.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• var (string) -- The variable name according with the HAProxy variable syntax.
TXN.get_headers(txn)
This function returns an array of headers.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
Returns
an array of headers.
TXN.done(txn)
This function terminates processing of the transaction and the associated session. It can be used
when a critical error is detected or to terminate processing after some data have been returned to
the client (eg: a redirect).
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
TXN.set_loglevel(txn, loglevel)
Is used to change the log level of the current request. The "loglevel" must be an integer between
0 and 7.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• loglevel (integer) -- The required log level. This variable can be one of
See core.<loglevel>
TXN.set_tos(txn, tos)
Is used to set the TOS or DSCP field value of packets sent to the client to the value passed in
"tos" on platforms which support this.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• tos (integer) -- The new TOS os DSCP.
TXN.set_mark(txn, mark)
Is used to set the Netfilter MARK on all packets sent to the client to the value passed in "mark"
on platforms which support it.
Arguments
• txn (class_txn) -- The class txn object containing the data.
• mark (integer) -- The mark value.
class Socket()
This class must be compatible with the Lua Socket class. Only the 'client' functions are
available. See the Lua Socket documentation:
http://w3.impa.br/~diego/software/luasocket/tcp.html
Socket.close(socket)
Closes a TCP object. The internal socket used by the object is closed and the local address to
which the object was bound is made available to other applications. No further operations (except
for further calls to the close method) are allowed on a closed Socket.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
Note: It is important to close all used sockets once they are not needed, since, in many systems,
each socket uses a file descriptor, which are limited system resources. Garbage-collected objects
are automatically closed before destruction, though.
Socket.connect(socket, address[, port])
Attempts to connect a socket object to a remote host.
In case of error, the method returns nil followed by a string describing the error. In case of
success, the method returns 1.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
• address (string) -- can be an IP address or a host name. See below for more information.
• port (integer) -- must be an integer number in the range [1..64K].
Returns
1 or nil.
an address field extension permits to use the connect() function to connect to other stream than
TCP. The syntax containing a simpleipv4 or ipv6 address is the basically expected format. This
format requires the port.
Other format accepted are a socket path like "/socket/path", it permits to connect to a socket.
abstract namespaces are supported with the prefix "abns@", and finaly a filedescriotr can be
passed with the prefix "fd@". The prefix "ipv4@", "ipv6@" and "unix@" are also supported. The
port can be passed int the string. The syntax "127.0.0.1:1234" is valid. in this case, the
parameter port is ignored.
Socket.connect_ssl(socket, address, port)
Same behavior than the function socket:connect, but uses SSL.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
Returns
1 or nil.
Socket.getpeername(socket)
Returns information about the remote side of a connected client object.
Returns a string with the IP address of the peer, followed by the port number that peer is using
for the connection. In case of error, the method returns nil.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
Returns
a string containing the server information.
Socket.getsockname(socket)
Returns the local address information associated to the object.
The method returns a string with local IP address and a number with the port. In case of error,
the method returns nil.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
Returns
a string containing the client information.
Socket.receive(socket[, pattern[, prefix]])
Reads data from a client object, according to the specified read pattern. Patterns follow the Lua
file I/O format, and the difference in performance between all patterns is negligible.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
• pattern (string|integer) -- Describe what is required (see below).
• prefix (string) -- A string which will be prefix the returned data.
Returns
a string containing the required data or nil.
Pattern can be any of the following:
•
`*a`: reads from the socket until the connection is closed. No
end-of-line translation is performed;
•
`*l`: reads a line of text from the Socket. The line is terminated by a
LF character (ASCII 10), optionally preceded by a CR character (ASCII 13). The CR and LF
characters are not included in the returned line. In fact, all CR characters are ignored
by the pattern. This is the default pattern.
•
number: causes the method to read a specified number of bytes from the
Socket. Prefix is an optional string to be concatenated to the beginning of any received
data before return.
• empty: If the pattern is left empty, the default option is *l.
If successful, the method returns the received pattern. In case of error, the method returns nil
followed by an error message which can be the string 'closed' in case the connection was closed
before the transmission was completed or the string 'timeout' in case there was a timeout during
the operation. Also, after the error message, the function returns the partial result of the
transmission.
Important note: This function was changed severely. It used to support multiple patterns (but I
have never seen this feature used) and now it doesn't anymore. Partial results used to be
returned in the same way as successful results. This last feature violated the idea that all
functions should return nil on error. Thus it was changed too.
Socket.send(socket, data[, start[, end]])
Sends data through client object.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
• data (string) -- The data that will be sent.
• start (integer) -- The start position in the buffer of the data which will be sent.
• end (integer) -- The end position in the buffer of the data which will be sent.
Returns
see below.
Data is the string to be sent. The optional arguments i and j work exactly like the standard
string.sub Lua function to allow the selection of a substring to be sent.
If successful, the method returns the index of the last byte within [start, end] that has been
sent. Notice that, if start is 1 or absent, this is effectively the total number of bytes sent. In
case of error, the method returns nil, followed by an error message, followed by the index of the
last byte within [start, end] that has been sent. You might want to try again from the byte
following that. The error message can be 'closed' in case the connection was closed before the
transmission was completed or the string 'timeout' in case there was a timeout during the
operation.
Note: Output is not buffered. For small strings, it is always better to concatenate them in Lua
(with the '..' operator) and send the result in one call instead of calling the method several
times.
Socket.setoption(socket, option[, value])
Just implemented for compatibility, this cal does nothing.
Socket.settimeout(socket, value[, mode])
Changes the timeout values for the object. All I/O operations are blocking. That is, any call to
the methods send, receive, and accept will block indefinitely, until the operation completes. The
settimeout method defines a limit on the amount of time the I/O methods can block. When a timeout
time has elapsed, the affected methods give up and fail with an error code.
The amount of time to wait is specified as the value parameter, in seconds.
The timeout modes are bot implemented, the only settable timeout is the inactivity time waiting
for complete the internal buffer send or waiting for receive data.
Arguments
• socket (class_socket) -- Is the manipulated Socket.
• value (integer) -- The timeout value.
class Map()
This class permits to do some lookup in HAProxy maps. The declared maps can be modified during the
runtime throught the HAProxy management socket.
default = "usa"
-- Create and load map
geo = Map.new("geo.map", Map.ip);
-- Create new fetch that returns the user country
core.register_fetches("country", function(txn)
local src;
local loc;
src = txn.f:fhdr("x-forwarded-for");
if (src == nil) then
src = txn.f:src()
if (src == nil) then
return default;
end
end
-- Perform lookup
loc = geo:lookup(src);
if (loc == nil) then
return default;
end
return loc;
end);
Map.int
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.ip See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.str
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.beg
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.sub
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.dir
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.dom
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.end
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.reg
See the HAProxy configuration.txt file, chapter "Using ACLs and fetching samples" ans subchapter
"ACL basics" to understand this pattern matching method.
Map.new(file, method)
Creates and load a map.
Arguments
• file (string) -- Is the file containing the map.
• method (integer) -- Is the map pattern matching method. See the attributes of the Map
class.
Returns
a class Map object.
See The Map attributes.
Map.lookup(map, str)
Perform a lookup in a map.
Arguments
• map (class_map) -- Is the class Map object.
• str (string) -- Is the string used as key.
Returns
a string containing the result or nil if no match.
Map.slookup(map, str)
Perform a lookup in a map.
Arguments
• map (class_map) -- Is the class Map object.
• str (string) -- Is the string used as key.
Returns
a string containing the result or empty string if no match.
class AppletHTTP()
This class is used with applets that requires the 'http' mode. The http applet can be registered
with the core.register_service() function. They are used for processing an http request like a
server in back of HAProxy.
This is an hello world sample code:
core.register_service("hello-world", "http", function(applet)
local response = "Hello World !"
applet:set_status(200)
applet:add_header("content-length", string.len(response))
applet:add_header("content-type", "text/plain")
applet:start_response()
applet:send(response)
end)
AppletHTTP.c
Returns
A Converters class
This attribute contains a Converters class object.
AppletHTTP.sc
Returns
A Converters class
This attribute contains a Converters class object. The functions of this object returns always a
string.
AppletHTTP.f
Returns
A Fetches class
This attribute contains a Fetches class object. Note that the applet execution place cannot access
to a valid HAProxy core HTTP transaction, so some sample fecthes related to the HTTP dependant
values (hdr, path, ...) are not available.
AppletHTTP.sf
Returns
A Fetches class
This attribute contains a Fetches class object. The functions of this object returns always a
string. Note that the applet execution place cannot access to a valid HAProxy core HTTP
transaction, so some sample fecthes related to the HTTP dependant values (hdr, path, ...) are not
available.
AppletHTTP.method
Returns
string
The attribute method returns a string containing the HTTP method.
AppletHTTP.version
Returns
string
The attribute version, returns a string containing the HTTP request version.
AppletHTTP.path
Returns
string
The attribute path returns a string containing the HTTP request path.
AppletHTTP.qs
Returns
string
The attribute qs returns a string containing the HTTP request query string.
AppletHTTP.length
Returns
integer
The attribute length returns an integer containing the HTTP body length.
AppletHTTP.headers
Returns
array
The attribute headers returns an array containing the HTTP headers. The header names are always in
lower case. As the header name can be encountered more than once in each request, the value is
indexed with 0 as first index value. The array have this form:
AppletHTTP.headers['<header-name>'][<header-index>] = "<header-value>"
AppletHTTP.headers["host"][0] = "www.test.com"
AppletHTTP.headers["accept"][0] = "audio/basic q=1"
AppletHTTP.headers["accept"][1] = "audio/*, q=0.2"
AppletHTTP.headers["accept"][2] = "*/*, q=0.1"
AppletHTTP.headers
Contains an array containing all the request headers.
AppletHTTP.set_status(applet, code)
This function sets the HTTP status code for the response. The allowed code are from 100 to 599.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
• code (integer) -- the status code returned to the client.
AppletHTTP.add_header(applet, name, value)
This function add an header in the response. Duplicated headers are not collapsed. The special
header content-length is used to determinate the response length. If it not exists, a
transfer-encoding: chunked is set, and all the write from the funcion AppletHTTP:send() become a
chunk.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
• name (string) -- the header name
• value (string) -- the header value
AppletHTTP.start_response(applet)
This function indicates to the HTTP engine that it can process and send the response headers.
After this called we cannot add headers to the response; We cannot use the AppletHTTP:send()
function if the AppletHTTP:start_response() is not called.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
AppletHTTP.getline(applet)
This function returns a string containing one line from the http body. If the data returned
doesn't contains a final '\n' its assumed than its the last available data before the end of
stream.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
Returns
a string. The string can be empty if we reach the end of the stream.
AppletHTTP.receive(applet[, size])
Reads data from the HTTP body, according to the specified read size. If the size is missing, the
function tries to read all the content of the stream until the end. If the size is bigger than the
http body, it returns the amount of data avalaible.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
• size (integer) -- the required read size.
Returns
always return a string,the string can be empty is the connexion is closed.
AppletHTTP.send(applet, msg)
Send the message msg on the http request body.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletHTTP) -- An AppletHTTP class
• msg (string) -- the message to send.
class AppletTCP()
This class is used with applets that requires the 'tcp' mode. The tcp applet can be registered
with the core.register_service() function. They are used for processing a tcp stream like a server
in back of HAProxy.
AppletTCP.c
Returns
A Converters class
This attribute contains a Converters class object.
AppletTCP.sc
Returns
A Converters class
This attribute contains a Converters class object. The functions of this object returns always a
string.
AppletTCP.f
Returns
A Fetches class
This attribute contains a Fetches class object.
AppletTCP.sf
Returns
A Fetches class
This attribute contains a Fetches class object.
AppletTCP.getline(applet)
This function returns a string containing one line from the stream. If the data returned doesn't
contains a final '\n' its assumed than its the last available data before the end of stream.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletTCP) -- An AppletTCP class
Returns
a string. The string can be empty if we reach the end of the stream.
AppletTCP.receive(applet[, size])
Reads data from the TCP stream, according to the specified read size. If the size is missing, the
function tries to read all the content of the stream until the end.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletTCP) -- An AppletTCP class
• size (integer) -- the required read size.
Returns
always return a string,the string can be empty is the connexion is closed.
AppletTCP.send(appletmsg)
Send the message on the stream.
Arguments
• applet (class_AppletTCP) -- An AppletTCP class
• msg (string) -- the message to send.
A lot of useful lua libraries can be found here:
• https://lua-toolbox.com/
Redis acces:
• https://github.com/nrk/redis-lua
This is an example about the usage of the Redis library with HAProxy. Note that each call of any function
of this library can throw an error if the socket connection fails.
-- load the redis library
local redis = require("redis");
function do_something(txn)
-- create and connect new tcp socket
local tcp = core.tcp();
tcp:settimeout(1);
tcp:connect("127.0.0.1", 6379);
-- use the redis library with this new socket
local client = redis.connect({socket=tcp});
client:ping();
end
OpenSSL:
• http://mkottman.github.io/luacrypto/index.html
• https://github.com/brunoos/luasec/wiki
AUTHOR
Thierry FOURNIER
COPYRIGHT
2015, Thierry FOURNIER