Provided by: zfs-zed_0.8.3-1ubuntu12.18_amd64 bug

NAME

       ZED - ZFS Event Daemon

SYNOPSIS

       zed  [-d  zedletdir]  [-f]  [-F] [-h] [-L] [-M] [-p pidfile] [-P path] [-s statefile] [-v]
              [-V] [-Z]

DESCRIPTION

       ZED (ZFS Event Daemon) monitors events generated by the ZFS kernel module.  When a  zevent
       (ZFS  Event)  is posted, ZED will run any ZEDLETs (ZFS Event Daemon Linkage for Executable
       Tasks) that have been enabled for the corresponding zevent class.

OPTIONS

       -h     Display a summary of the command-line options.

       -L     Display license information.

       -V     Display version information.

       -v     Be verbose.

       -f     Force the daemon to run if at all possible, disabling security checks and  throwing
              caution to the wind.  Not recommended for use in production.

       -F     Run the daemon in the foreground.

       -M     Lock  all  current  and future pages in the virtual memory address space.  This may
              help the daemon remain responsive when the system is under heavy memory pressure.

       -Z     Zero the daemon's state, thereby allowing zevents still within  the  kernel  to  be
              reprocessed.

       -d zedletdir
              Read the enabled ZEDLETs from the specified directory.

       -p pidfile
              Write the daemon's process ID to the specified file.

       -P path
              Custom   $PATH  for  zedlets  to  use.   Normally  zedlets  run  in  a  locked-down
              environment, with hardcoded paths to the ZFS commands ($ZFS,  $ZPOOL,  $ZED,  ...),
              and  a  hardcoded $PATH.  This is done for security reasons.  However, the ZFS test
              suite uses a custom PATH for its ZFS commands, and passes it to zed  with  -P.   In
              short, -P is only to be used by the ZFS test suite; never use it in production!

       -s statefile
              Write the daemon's state to the specified file.

ZEVENTS

       A  zevent  is  comprised of a list of nvpairs (name/value pairs).  Each zevent contains an
       EID (Event IDentifier) that uniquely identifies it throughout the lifetime of  the  loaded
       ZFS  kernel  module;  this EID is a monotonically increasing integer that resets to 1 each
       time the kernel module  is  loaded.   Each  zevent  also  contains  a  class  string  that
       identifies  the  type  of event.  For brevity, a subclass string is defined that omits the
       leading components of the  class  string.   Additional  nvpairs  exist  to  provide  event
       details.

       The  kernel  maintains  a  list  of  recent  zevents  that can be viewed (along with their
       associated lists of nvpairs) using the "zpool events -v" command.

CONFIGURATION

       ZEDLETs to be invoked in response to zevents are located in the enabled-zedlets directory.
       These  can be symlinked or copied from the installed-zedlets directory; symlinks allow for
       automatic updates from the installed ZEDLETs, whereas copies preserve local modifications.
       As  a security measure, ZEDLETs must be owned by root.  They must have execute permissions
       for the user, but they must not have write permissions for group or other.   Dotfiles  are
       ignored.

       ZEDLETs are named after the zevent class for which they should be invoked.  In particular,
       a ZEDLET will be invoked for a given zevent if either its class or subclass  string  is  a
       prefix  of  its  filename  (and  is followed by a non-alphabetic character).  As a special
       case, the prefix "all" matches all zevents.  Multiple ZEDLETs may be invoked for  a  given
       zevent.

ZEDLETS

       ZEDLETs  are executables invoked by the ZED in response to a given zevent.  They should be
       written under the presumption they can  be  invoked  concurrently,  and  they  should  use
       appropriate  locking to access any shared resources.  Common variables used by ZEDLETs can
       be stored in the default rc file which is sourced by scripts; these  variables  should  be
       prefixed with "ZED_".

       The  zevent  nvpairs  are passed to ZEDLETs as environment variables.  Each nvpair name is
       converted to an environment variable in the following  manner:  1)  it  is  prefixed  with
       "ZEVENT_",  2)  it  is  converted  to uppercase, and 3) each non-alphanumeric character is
       converted to an underscore.  Some additional environment variables have  been  defined  to
       present  certain  nvpair  values  in a more convenient form.  An incomplete list of zevent
       environment variables is as follows:

       ZEVENT_EID
              The Event IDentifier.

       ZEVENT_CLASS
              The zevent class string.

       ZEVENT_SUBCLASS
              The zevent subclass string.

       ZEVENT_TIME
              The time at which the zevent was posted as "seconds nanoseconds" since the Epoch.

       ZEVENT_TIME_SECS
              The seconds component of ZEVENT_TIME.

       ZEVENT_TIME_NSECS
              The nanoseconds component of ZEVENT_TIME.

       ZEVENT_TIME_STRING
              An almost-RFC3339-compliant string for ZEVENT_TIME.

       Additionally, the following ZED & ZFS variables are defined:

       ZED_PID
              The daemon's process ID.

       ZED_ZEDLET_DIR
              The daemon's current enabled-zedlets directory.

       ZFS_ALIAS
              The ZFS alias (name-version-release) string used to build the daemon.

       ZFS_VERSION
              The ZFS version used to build the daemon.

       ZFS_RELEASE
              The ZFS release used to build the daemon.

       ZEDLETs may need to call other ZFS commands.  The  installation  paths  of  the  following
       executables  are  defined:  ZDB,  ZED,  ZFS,  ZINJECT,  and ZPOOL.  These variables can be
       overridden in the rc file if needed.

FILES

       /etc/zfs/zed.d
              The default directory for enabled ZEDLETs.

       /etc/zfs/zed.d/zed.rc
              The default rc file for common variables used by ZEDLETs.

       /usr/lib/zfs-linux/zed.d
              The default directory for installed ZEDLETs.

       /var/run/zed.pid
              The default file containing the daemon's process ID.

       /var/run/zed.state
              The default file containing the daemon's state.

SIGNALS

       HUP    Reconfigure the daemon and rescan the directory for enabled ZEDLETs.

       TERM   Terminate the daemon.

NOTES

       ZED requires root privileges.

BUGS

       Events are processed synchronously by a single thread.  This can delay the  processing  of
       simultaneous zevents.

       There  is no maximum timeout for ZEDLET execution.  Consequently, a misbehaving ZEDLET can
       delay the processing of subsequent zevents.

       The ownership and permissions of the enabled-zedlets  directory  (along  with  all  parent
       directories)  are  not  checked.   If  any  of  these  directories are improperly owned or
       permissioned, an unprivileged user could insert a ZEDLET to  be  executed  as  root.   The
       requirement that ZEDLETs be owned by root mitigates this to some extent.

       ZEDLETs are unable to return state/status information to the kernel.

       Some  zevent  nvpair  types  are  not  handled.   These  are denoted by zevent environment
       variables having a "_NOT_IMPLEMENTED_" value.

       Internationalization support via gettext has not been added.

       The configuration file is not yet implemented.

       The diagnosis engine is not yet implemented.

LICENSE

       ZED (ZFS Event Daemon) is distributed under  the  terms  of  the  Common  Development  and
       Distribution License Version 1.0 (CDDL-1.0).

       Developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL-CODE-403049).

SEE ALSO

       zfs(8), zpool(8)